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1 Williamstown
г. Уильямстаун ( штат Массачусетс), курортный город в Бёркширских горах. Художественный музей [Sterling and Francine Clark Institute] экспонирует произведения европейской живописи XIV—XVII вв., имеет значительную коллекцию импрессионистов, собрание скульптур, серебра и рисунковСША. Лингвострановедческий англо-русский словарь > Williamstown
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2 Case, Jerome Increase
SUBJECT AREA: Agricultural and food technology[br]b. 1819 Williamstown, Oswego County, New York, USAd. 1891 USA[br]American manufacturer and founder of the Case company of agricultural engineers.[br]J.I.Case was the son of a former and began his working life operating the family's Groundhog threshing machine. He moved into contract threshing, and used the money he earned to pay his way through a business academy. He became the agent for the Groundhog thresher in his area and at the age of 23 decided to move west, taking six machines with him. He sold five of these to obtain working capital, and in 1842 moved from Williamstown, New York, to Rochester, Wisconsin, where he established his manufacturing company. He produced the first combined thresher-winnower in the US in 1843. Two years later he moved to Racine, on the shores of Lake Michigan in the same state. Within four years the Case company became Racine's biggest company and largest employer, a position it was to retain into the twentieth century. As early as 1860 Case was shipping threshing machines around the Horn to California.Apart from having practical expertise Case was also a skilled demonstrator, and it was this combination which resulted in the sure growth of his company. In 1869 he produced his first portable steam engine and in 1876 his first traction engine. By the mid 1870s he was selling a significant proportion of the machines in use in America. By 1878 Case threshing machines had penetrated the European market, and in 1885 sales to South America began. Case also became the world's largest manufacturer of steam engines.J.I.Case himself, whilst still actively involved with the company, also became involved in politics. He was Mayor of Racine for three terms and State Senator for two. He was also President of the Manufacturers' National Bank of Racine and Founder of the First National Bank of Burlington. He founded the Wisconsin Academy of Science, Arts and Letters and was President of the Racine County Agricultural Society. He had time for sport and was owner of the world's all-time champion trotter-pacer.Continued expansion of the company after J.I. Case's death led eventually to its acquisition by Tenneco in 1967, and in 1985 the company took over International Harvester. As Case I.H. it continues to produce a full range of agricultural, earth-moving and heavy-transport equipment.[br]Further ReadingDespite the size and importance of the company he created, very little has been written about Case. On particular anniversaries the company has produced celebratory publications, and surprisingly these still seem to be the main source of information about him.R.B.Gray, 1975, The Agricultural Tractor 1855–1950, American Society of Agricultural Engineers (traces the history of power on the farm, in which Case and his machines played such an important role).AP -
3 Davenport, Thomas
SUBJECT AREA: Electricity[br]b. 9 July 1802 Williamstown, Vermont, USAd. 6 July 1851 Salisbury, Vermont, USA[br]American craftsman and inventor who constructed the first rotating electrical machines in the United States.[br]When he was 14 years old Davenport was apprenticed to a blacksmith for seven years. At the close of his apprenticeship in 1823 he opened a blacksmith's shop in Brandon, Vermont. He began experimenting with electromagnets after observing one in use at the Penfield Iron Works at Crown Point, New York, in 1831. He saw the device as a possible source of power and by July 1834 had constructed his first electric motor. Having totally abandoned his regular business, Davenport built and exhibited a number of miniature machines; he utilized an electric motor to propel a model car around a circular track in 1836, and this became the first recorded instance of an electric railway. An application for a patent and a model were destroyed in a fire at the United States Patent Office in December 1836, but a second application was made and Davenport received a patent the following year for Improvements in Propelling Machinery by Magnetism and Electromagnetism. A British patent was also obtained. A workshop and laboratory were established in New York, but Davenport had little financial backing for his experiments. He built a total of over one hundred motors but was defeated by the inability to obtain an inexpensive source of power. Using an electric motor of his own design to operate a printing press in 1840, he undertook the publication of a journal, The Electromagnet and Mechanics' Intelligencer. This was the first American periodical on electricity, but it was discontinued after a few issues. In failing health he retired to Vermont where in the last year of his life he continued experiments in electromagnetism.[br]Bibliography1837, US patent no. 132, "Improvements in Propelling Machinery by Magnetism and Electromagnetism".6 June 1837 British patent no. 7,386.Further ReadingF.L.Pope, 1891, "Inventors of the electric motor with special reference to the work of Thomas Davenport", Electrical Engineer, 11:1–5, 33–9, 65–71, 93–8, 125–30 (the most comprehensive account).Annals of Electricity (1838) 2:257–64 (provides a description of Davenport's motor).W.J.King, 1962, The Development of Electrical Technology in the 19th Century, Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, Paper 28, pp. 263–4 (a short account).GW
См. также в других словарях:
Williamstown — or Williamtown is the name of several places in the world:;Australia *Williamtown, New South Wales **RAAF Base Williamtown, New South Wales *Williamstown, South Australia *Williamstown, Victoria **Williamstown railway line, Melbourne… … Wikipedia
Williamstown — Williamstown, NJ U.S. Census Designated Place in New Jersey Population (2000): 11812 Housing Units (2000): 4764 Land area (2000): 6.162546 sq. miles (15.960919 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.000000 sq. miles (0.000000 sq. km) Total area (2000):… … StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places
Williamstown — ist die Bezeichnung mehrerer Orte in Australien: Williamstown (South Australia) Williamstown (Victoria) in Irland: Williamstown (Irland) in Kanada: Williamstown (Ontario) in den USA: Williamstown (Kentucky) Williamstown (Massachusetts)… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Williamstown, KY — U.S. city in Kentucky Population (2000): 3227 Housing Units (2000): 1375 Land area (2000): 15.957981 sq. miles (41.330980 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.526127 sq. miles (1.362663 sq. km) Total area (2000): 16.484108 sq. miles (42.693643 sq. km)… … StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places
Williamstown, MA — U.S. Census Designated Place in Massachusetts Population (2000): 4754 Housing Units (2000): 1550 Land area (2000): 3.420530 sq. miles (8.859131 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.005590 sq. miles (0.014478 sq. km) Total area (2000): 3.426120 sq. miles… … StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places
Williamstown, NJ — U.S. Census Designated Place in New Jersey Population (2000): 11812 Housing Units (2000): 4764 Land area (2000): 6.162546 sq. miles (15.960919 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.000000 sq. miles (0.000000 sq. km) Total area (2000): 6.162546 sq. miles… … StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places
Williamstown, PA — U.S. borough in Pennsylvania Population (2000): 1433 Housing Units (2000): 716 Land area (2000): 0.251750 sq. miles (0.652029 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.000000 sq. miles (0.000000 sq. km) Total area (2000): 0.251750 sq. miles (0.652029 sq. km)… … StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places
Williamstown, WV — U.S. city in West Virginia Population (2000): 2996 Housing Units (2000): 1330 Land area (2000): 1.341382 sq. miles (3.474163 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.421927 sq. miles (1.092785 sq. km) Total area (2000): 1.763309 sq. miles (4.566948 sq. km)… … StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places
Williamstown — (spr. Uilliämmstaun), 1) Postort in der Grafschaft Berkshire des Staates Massachusetts (Nordamerika); Sitz des Williams College (1793 gegründet, mit Bibliothek, Sternwarte, Magnetischem Observatorium u. Chemischem Laboratorium); 3000 Ew.; 2)… … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Williamstown — (spr. taun), 1) Ort im nordamerikan. Staate Massachusetts, am Hoosacfluß, in den Hügeln von Berkshire, Sitz des 1793 gegründeten William s College (mit Bibliothek, Observatorium, Laboratorium etc.), hat Sägewerke, Bleicherei und (1900) 5013 Einw … Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon
Williamstown — (spr. wíllĭämmstaun). 1) Ort im nordamerik. Staate Massachusetts, am Hoosac River, (1900) 5013 E., College mit Sternwarte. – 2) Stadt in Victoria (Australien), Vorort von Melbourne, an der Hobsonbai, (1901) 14.083 E … Kleines Konversations-Lexikon
