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1 Theophilus
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2 Theophilus
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3 Theophilus
n ч. ім'яТеофілус -
4 Theophilus
[əiɔfiləs]proper nameBogomil -
5 theophilus
(0) теофилус -
6 Theophilus
[θıʹɒfıləs] nТеофилус, Теофилус ( мужское имя) -
7 Theophilus
[θɪ'ɒfɪləs]чТіо́філес -
8 Theophilus
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9 Theophilus
s.Teófilo. -
10 Theophilus
n Теофилус, Теофилус -
11 Theophilus Presbyter
[br]fl. late eleventh/early twelfth century[br]German author of the most detailed medieval treatise relating to technology.[br]The little that is known of Theophilus is what can be inferred from his great work, De diversis artibus. He was a Benedictine monk and priest living in north-west Germany, probably near an important art centre. He was an educated man, conversant with scholastic philosophy and at the same time a skilled, practising craftsman. Even his identity is obscure: Theophilus is a pseudonym, possibly for Roger of Helmarshausen, for the little that is known of both is in agreement.Evidence in De diversis suggests that it was probably composed during 1110 to 1140. White (see Further Reading) goes on to suggest late 1122 or early 1123, on the grounds that Theophilus only learned of St Bernard of Clairvaulx's diatribe against lavish church ornamentation during the writing of the work, for it is only in the preface to Book 3 that Theophilus seeks to justify his craft. St Bernard's Apologia can be dated late 1122. No other medieval work on art combines the comprehensive range, orderly presentation and attention to detail as does De diversis. It has been described as an encyclopedia of medieval skills and crafts. It also offers the best and often the only description of medieval technology, including the first direct reference to papermaking in the West, the earliest medieval account of bell-founding and the most complete account of organ building. Many metallurgical techniques are described in detail, such as the making of a crucible furnace and bloomery hearth.The treatise is divided into three books, the first on the materials and art of painting, the second on glassmaking, including stained glass, glass vessels and the blown-cylinder method for flat glass, and the final and longest book on metalwork, including working in iron, copper, gold and silver for church use, such as chalices and censers. The main texts are no mere compilations, but reveal the firsthand knowledge that can only be gained by a skilled craftsman. The prefaces to each book present perhaps the only medieval expression of an artist's ideals and how he sees his art in relation to the general scheme of things. For Theophilus, his art is a gift from God and every skill an act of praise and piety. Theophilus is thus an indispensable source for medieval crafts and technology, but there are indications that the work was also well known at the time of its composition and afterwards.[br]BibliographyThe Wolfenbuttel and Vienna manuscripts of De diversis are the earliest, both dating from the first half of the twelfth century, while the British Library copy, in an early thirteenth-century hand, is the most complete. Two incomplete copies from the thirteenth century held at Cambridge and Leipzig offer help in arriving at a definitive edition.There are several references to De diversis in sixteenth-century printed works, such as Cornelius Agrippa (1530) and Josias Simmler (1585). The earliest printed edition ofDe diversis was prepared by G.H.Lessing in 1781 with the title, much used since, Diversarium artium schedula.There are two good recent editions: Theophilus: De diversis artibus. The Various Arts, 1964, trans. with introd. by C.R.Dodwell, London: Thomas Nelson, and On Diverse Arts. The Treatise of Theophilus, 1963, trans. with introd. and notes by J.G.Harthorne and C.S.Smith, Chicago University Press.Further ReadingLynn White, 1962, "Theophilus redivivus", Technology and Culture 5:224–33 (a comparative review of Theophilus (op. cit.) and On Diverse Arts (op. cit.)).LRD -
12 Theophilus deacon
Христианство: Феофил диакон (раннехристианский святой) -
13 Theophilus of Caesarea
Христианство: Феофил Кесарийский (христианский святой)Универсальный англо-русский словарь > Theophilus of Caesarea
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14 Theophilus of Zakynthos
Христианство: Феофил Закинфский (православный святой), Феофил из ЗакинфосаУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > Theophilus of Zakynthos
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15 Theophilus of the Kiev Caves
Христианство: Феофил Киево-Печерский, Феофил Печерский (православный святой)Универсальный англо-русский словарь > Theophilus of the Kiev Caves
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16 Theophilus of the Kyiv Caves
Христианство: Феофил Печерский (православный святой), Феофил Киево-ПечерскийУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > Theophilus of the Kyiv Caves
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17 Theophilus the Deacon and Helladius
Христианство: Феофил Диакон и Элладий (раннехристианские святые)Универсальный англо-русский словарь > Theophilus the Deacon and Helladius
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18 Theophilus the Myrrh-gusher
Христианство: Феофил Мироточивый (православный святой)Универсальный англо-русский словарь > Theophilus the Myrrh-gusher
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19 Theophilus the Myrrh-gusher of Pantocrator Monastery
Универсальный англо-русский словарь > Theophilus the Myrrh-gusher of Pantocrator Monastery
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20 Theophilus, bishop of Antioch
Христианство: Феофил, епископ Антиохийский (раннехристианский святой)Универсальный англо-русский словарь > Theophilus, bishop of Antioch
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См. также в других словарях:
Theophilus — • Second century Bishop of Antioch • Patriarch of Alexandria (385 412) Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Theophilus ♦ Theop … Catholic encyclopedia
Theophilus — (bzw. griechisch Theophilos, auch Theofilos umschrieben) ist ein Name, dessen Bedeutung aus dem Griechischen kommt. theós bedeutet Gott und philos bedeutet lieb bzw. freundlich, sprich Gottlieb. Bekannte Namensträger sind: Theophilos (Indo… … Deutsch Wikipedia
THEOPHILUS° — THEOPHILUS°. Josephus (Apion, 1:216) includes one Theophilus in a list of Greek authors who mentioned the Jews at some length and whose writings testify to the antiquity of the Jewish people. His date and nationality are unknown but he may be… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
THEOPHILUS — (Heb. Yedidiah), high priest from 37 to 41 C.E. Theophilus, the son of Hanan son of Seth, was appointed by Vitellius, the Roman governor of Syria, in place of his brother Jonathan (Jos., Ant., 18:123) and served in that office until removed by… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
Theophilus — Theophĭlus, nach der Sage im 6. Jahrh. Bistumsverweser zu Adana, verschrieb sich dem Teufel, erhielt aber, sein Vergehen bereuend, durch Maria Begnadigung; kath. Gegenstück zur prot. Faustsage, seit dem 10. Jahrh. im Abendlande verbreitet und… … Kleines Konversations-Lexikon
Theophilus — m New Testament: Latin form of the name of the addressee of St Luke s gospel and the Acts of the Apostles; also borne by various early saints. It is composed of the Greek elements theos god + philos friend, and was popular among early Christians… … First names dictionary
Theophilus — masc. proper name, Greek, lit. loved by the gods, from theos god (see THEA (Cf. Thea)) + philos loved, beloved see PHILE (Cf. phile)) … Etymology dictionary
Theophilus — Various people have been known by the name Theophilus or Theophilos, which means Friend of God in Greek, and is thus similar to the Latin word Amadeus PeopleArts* Teófilo Braga * Theophilus Cibber (1703–1758), English actor, playwright, author,… … Wikipedia
Theophilus — /thee of euh leuhs/, n. 1. a walled plain in the 4th quadrant of the face of the moon: about 65 mi. (105 km) in diameter. 2. a male given name. * * * (as used in expressions) Painter Theophilus Shickel Theophilus Presbyter Johannes Chrysostomus… … Universalium
Theophilus — (ca. 53) Legendary monk who made a Pact with the devil. The story of Theophilus was popular during the Middle Ages, especially because of its triumphant ending. It was written in various languages, was read at many churches, and was made into… … Encyclopedia of Demons and Demonology
THEOPHILUS — I. THEOPHILUS Archon Athenis, Olymp. 108. An. 1. II. THEOPHILUS Caesareae Palaestinae praesul, Severô imperante, librum in Marcionem edidit, tum alia quae ab Hieronymo commemorantur. Item Comicus antiquae comoediae; cuius fabulas enumerat Suidas … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale