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1 Suharto
◙ n. סוהארטו, שם משפחה; חאג' מוחמד סוהארטו (יליד 1921), נשיאה לשעבר של אינדונזיה ששלט בה במשך 32 שנה משנת 1967 עד 1998 (ב-1998 אולץ להתפטר בעקבות המשבר הכלכלי הקשה במדינה)* * *◙ (הנידמב השקה ילכלכה רבשמה תובקעב רטפתהל ץלוא 8991-ב) 8991 דע 7691 תנשמ הנש 23 ךשמב הב טלשש היזנודניא לש רבעשל האישנ,(1291 דילי) וטראהוס דמחומ 'גאח ;החפשמ םש,וטראהוס◄ -
2 Suharto
n. Haji Mohammed Soeharto, generaal Soeharto (geboren 1921), Indonesische legerofficier, vroegere president van Indonesië van 1967-1998 (onder druk afgetreden in 1998 omdat hij ervan verdacht werd corruptie te hebben gepleegd na 32 jaar diensttijd) -
3 Suharto
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4 General Suharto
◙ n. גנרל סוהארטו, חאג' מוחמד סוהארטו (יליד 1921), נשיאה לשעבר של אינדונזיה ששלט בה במשך 32 שנה משנת 1967 עד 1998 (ב-1998 אולץ להתפטר בעקבות המשבר הכלכלי הקשה במדינה)* * *◙ (הנידמב השקה ילכלכה רבשמה תובקעב רטפתהל ץלוא 8991-ב) 8991 דע 7691 תנשמ הנש 23 ךשמב הב טלשש היזנודניא לש רבעשל האישנ,(1291 דילי) וטראהוס דמחומ 'גאח,וטראהוס לרנג◄ -
5 Haji Mohammad Suharto
◙ n. חאג' מוחמד סוהארטו, גנרל סוהארטו (יליד 1921), נשיאה לשעבר של אינדונזיה ששלט בה במשך 32 שנה משנת 1967 עד 1998 (ב-1998 אולץ להתפטר בעקבות המשבר הכלכלי הקשה במדינה)* * *◙ (הנידמב השקה ילכלכה רבשמה תובקעב רטפתהל ץלוא 8991-ב) 8991 דע 7691 תנשמ הנש 23 ךשמב הב טלשש היזנודניא לש רבעשל האישנ,(1291 דילי) וטראהוס לרנג,וטראהוס דמחומ 'גאח◄ -
6 General Suharto
n. Haji Mohammed Soeharto, generaal Soeharto (geboren 1921), Indonesische legerofficier, vroegere president van Indonesië van 1967-1998 (onder druk afgetreden in 1998 omdat hij ervan verdacht werd corruptie te hebben gepleegd na 32 jaar diensttijd) -
7 Haji Mohammad Suharto
n. Haji Mohammed Soeharto, generaal Soeharto (geboren 1921), Indonesische legerofficier, vroegere president van Indonesië van 1967-1998 (onder druk afgetreden in 1998 omdat hij ervan verdacht werd corruptie te hebben gepleegd na 32 jaar diensttijd) -
8 East Timor
Colony of Portugal from the 16th century to December 1975, with an area of 40,000 square kilometers (18,989 square miles). East Timor is located on the eastern portion of the island of Timor in the Indonesian archipelago. From 1975 to August 1999, when it was forcibly annexed and occupied by Indonesia, until May 2002, when it achieved full independence, East Timor was, in effect, a ward of the United Nations.In the 16th century, the Portuguese established trading posts on the island, but for centuries few Portuguese settled there, and the "colony" remained isolated and neglected. After the Dutch won control of Indonesia, there was a territorial dispute with Portugal as to who "owned" what on the island of Timor. In 1859, this question was decided as the Dutch and Portuguese governments formally divided the island into a Dutch portion (west) and the Portuguese colony (east) and established the frontier. From the late 19th century to World War I, Portugal consolidated its control of East Timor by means of military campaigns against the Timorese tribes. In addition to colonial officials, a few Portuguese missionaries and merchants occupied East Timor, but few Portuguese ever settled there.East Timor's geographic location close to the north coast of Australia and its sharing of one island in the Dutch colony catapulted it into world affairs early in World War II. To forestall a Japanese invasion of Timor, a joint Dutch-Australian expedition landed on 17 December 1941; the Portuguese authorities neither resisted nor cooperated. In February 1942, when Japanese troops landed in Timor, the small allied force fled to the hills and later was evacuated to Australia. Japan occupied all of Timor and the remainder of the Dutch East Indies until Japan's surrender in September 1945. Portugal soon reassumed control.After the Revolution of 25 April 1974, East Timorese nationalist parties hoped for rapid decolonization and independence with Lisbon's cooperation. But on 28 November 1975, before a preoccupied Portugal could work out a formal transfer of power, the Revolutionary Front of Independent East Timor (FRETILIN), then in control of the former colony's capital, declared independence, and, on 7 December 1975, Indonesian armed forces swiftly invaded, occupied, and annexed East Timor. In the following years, a tragic loss of life occurred. Portugal refused to recognize Indonesia's sovereignty over East Timor and claimed legal sovereignty before the United Nations.As Indonesia persistently and brutally suppressed Timorese nationalist resistance, world media attention focused on this still remote island. Several sensational international and Indonesian events altered the status of occupied East Timor, following the continuation of FRETILIN guerrilla resistance. In November 1991, world media disseminated information on the Indonesian forces' slaughter of East Timorese protesters at a cemetery demonstration in the capital of Dili. In 1996, two East Timorese, Bishop Belo and José Ramos Horta, each a symbol of East Timorese resistance and the desire for independence, shared the Nobel Peace Prize. Then, in 1998, in Indonesia, the Suharto regime collapsed and was replaced by a more democratic government, which in January 1999 pledged a free referendum in East Timor. On 30 August 1999, the referendum was held, and nearly 80 percent of the East Timorese voters voted for independence from Indonesia.However, Indonesian armed forces and militias reacted brutally, using intimidation, murder, mayhem, and razing of buildings to try to reverse the people's will. Following some weeks of confusion, a United Nations (UN) armed forces, led by Australia, took control of East Timor and declared it a UN protectorate, to last until East Timor was secure from Indonesian aggression and prepared for full independence. East Timor had changed from a Portuguese colony to an Indonesian protectorate/colony to a fledgling nation-in-the-making.The status of East Timor as a ward of the UN was made official on 25 October 1999, as the United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor began to prepare the country for independence. Appalling conditions prevailed: 70 percent of the country's buildings had been destroyed and nearly half of the population of 800,000 had been driven out of East Timor into uneasy refuge in West Timor, under Indonesian control. A territory without an economy, East Timor lacked police, civil servants, schools, and government records.With UN assistance, general elections were held in the spring of 2002; the majority of parliamentary seats were won by FRETILIN, and José "Xanana" Gusmão was elected the first president. On 20 May 2002, East Timor became independent. World luminaries adorned the independence celebrations: UN secretary-general Kofi Annan, former U.S. president Bill Clinton, and other celebrities attended. But East Timor's travails continued with civil strife and uncertainty.
См. также в других словарях:
Suharto — 2nd President of Indonesia In office 27 March 1968 – 21 May 1998 Vice President … Wikipedia
SUHARTO — (1921 ) D’une famille de onze enfants dont le père était commerçant et chef religieux musulman, Suharto naît à Java et y suit les cours de l’Académie militaire. Entré en 1943 dans l’armée japonaise, il y reçoit une formation d’officier supérieur … Encyclopédie Universelle
Suharto — [so͞o här′tō] 1921 ; president of Indonesia (1967 98) … English World dictionary
Suharto — Haji Mohammad Soeharto 2° Presidente de Indonesia 12 de marzo de 1967 – 21 de mayo de 1998 Vi … Wikipedia Español
Suharto — /sooh hahr toh/, n. born 1921, Indonesian army officer and political leader: president since 1968. Also, Soeharto. * * * born June 8, 1921, Kemusu Argamulja, Java, Dutch East Indies Second president of Indonesia (1967–98). Suharto initially… … Universalium
Suharto — General Suharto Haji Mohamed Suharto (nach alter Orthographie Soeharto), (* 8. Juni 1921 in Kemusuk bei Argamulya auf Java, Indonesien; † 27. Januar 2008 in Jakarta) war ein indonesischer Politiker und Kostradgeneral, der von 1967 bis 1998… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Suharto — Soeharto Soeharto Soeharto[1](le plus souvent orthographié Suharto dans des textes en alphabet latin autre qu en langue indonésienne ou en néerlandais, la prononciation étant « Souharto »), né le 8 juin 192 … Wikipédia en Français
Suharto — Suhạrto, indonesischer General und Politiker, * Kemusu (bei Yogyakarta) 8. 6. 1921; in der niederländischen Kolonialarmee ausgebildet, nach Ausrufung der unabhängigen Republik Indonesien (1945) Partisanenführer in Mitteljava gegen die… … Universal-Lexikon
Suharto — El general Soeharto (conocido como Suharto en Occidente, nacido el 8 de junio de 1921) fue el segundo presidente de Indonesia de 1967 a 1998. * * * ► (n. 1921) Militar y político indonesio. Ha sido presidente de la República en cinco ocasiones… … Enciclopedia Universal
Suharto — n. family name; Haji Mohammad Suharto (born 1921), Indonesian army officer, former president of Indonesia (resigned under pressure in 1998 due to suspicion of corruption after 32 years in office) … English contemporary dictionary
Suharto, Siti Hartinah — ▪ 1997 ( IBU TIEN ), Javanese born wife of Indonesian President Suharto who was his trusted confident and, though never overtly involved in politics, was instrumental in the introduction of legal limitations on traditional Islamic polygamy… … Universalium
