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1 Mariza
(Marisa dos Reis Nunes)(1973-)Internationally celebrated, popular singer of the "new fado." Born in Mozambique on 16 December 1973, at the time a colony of Portugal, Marisa dos Reis Nunes is the daughter of a Portuguese father and a mother born in Mozambique. Her maternal grandmother is African. "Mariza," the stage name selected after she became a noted performer, moved to Portugal at age three and lived in some of Lisbon's older quarters, including Alfama and Mouraria, where there is a tradition of fado singing. After she learned to sing, her favorite early styles were gospel, soul, and jazz, before she became an established singer of fado. Her first album, Fado em Mim (2001) was very popular in Portugal, and soon she became an international singing celebrity whose distinctive voice and attractive if exotic looks helped win over audiences.Mariza's early singing style was reminiscent of the singing of Portugal's great fado singer of an earlier generation, Amália Rodrigues. Especially noteworthy is her hairstyle, which resembles the "marcelling" style of women in the 1920s and 1930s. By 2008, she had been recognized as a two-time Latin Grammy nominee for her distinctive new style and voice. A fervent globetrotter in her concert touring, she has been feted in many countries in all the continents of the world, and she has performed in Carnegie Hall, New York, Hollywood Bowl, London's Royal Albert Hall, Sydney Opera House, Toronto's Massey Hall, and many other important venues. Her album Concerto em Lisboa received a Latin Grammy nomination for Best Folk Album in 2007, and her most recent performances reflect influences on her fado of jazz, Flamenco, and Latin and African sounds. -
2 Fado
Traditional urban song and music sung by a man or woman, to the accompaniment of two stringed instruments. The Portuguese word, fado, derives from the Latin word for fate ( fatum), and the fado's usage does not distinguish the sex of the singer. Traditionally, wherever the fado is performed, the singer, the fadista—who is often but not always a woman wearing a shawl around her shoulders—is accompanied by the Portuguese guitarra, a 12-stringed mandolin-like instrument or lute, and the viola, a Spanish guitar. There are at least two contemporary variations of the fado: the Lisbon fado and the Coimbra or university student fado. While some authorities describe the song as typical of the urban working classes, its popularity and roots are wider than only this group and it appears that, although the song's historic origins are urban and working class, its current popularity is more universal. The historic origins of the fado are not only obscure but hotly debated among scholars and would-be experts. Some suggest that its origins are Brazilian and African, while others detect a Muslim, North African element mixed with Hispanic.After the Revolution of 25 April 1974, there was talk that the fado's days were numbered as a popular song because it seemed an obsolete, regime-encouraged entertainment, which, like a drug or soporific, encouraged passivity. In the new Portugal, however, the fado is still popular among various classes, as well as among an increasingly large number of visitors and tourists. The fado is performed in restaurants, cafes, and special fado houses, not only in Portugal and other Lusophone countries like Brazil, but wherever Portuguese communities gather abroad. Although there do not appear to be schools of fado, fadistas learn their trade by apprenticeship to senior performers, both men and women.In fado history, Portugal's most celebrated fadista was Amália Rodrigues, who died in 1999. She made her premier American debut in New York's Carnegie Hall in the 1950s, at about the same time Americans were charmed by a popular song of the day, April in Portugal, an American version of a traditional Portuguese fado called Fado de Coimbra, about Coimbra University's romantic traditions. The most celebrated fadista of the first decade of the 21st century is Marisa dos Reis Nunes, with the stage name of Mariza, who embodies a new generation of singers' contemporary interpretation of fado. The predominant tone of the Lisbon variation of the fado, sung often in the areas of Alfama, Mouraria, Bairro Alto, and Alcântara, is that of nostalgia and saudade — sadness and regret. Traditionally, the Coimbra version has a lighter, less somber tone. -
3 Music
Portugal's musical tradition began in the 15th century when songs ( cantigas) written by court troubadours were set to music. Early in the 16th century the cathedral in Coimbra became a center for the composition of polyphonic music and produced several composers of note. Portugal's musical tradition was carried throughout the Portuguese overseas empire. The playwright Gil Vicente used incidental music in his religious plays, some of which could be described as protomusicals. Until the 17th century, musical training was controlled by the Catholic Church, and the clergy dominated the field of composition. During this 18th century, Portuguese mon-archs lavished money and attention on music teachers and composers, which gave Portugal the best and liveliest court music anywhere in Europe. During the period, the Italian Domenico Scarlatti was court choirmaster, which infused Portuguese church music and opera with the Neapolitan style. A Portuguese, João de Sousa Carvalho, was one of the most popular composers of opera and musical drama in Europe during the second half of the 18th century.Perhaps the best-known Portuguese composer is João Domingos Bomtempo. Bomtempo wrote music in the classical style and, as head of the National Academy of Music, assured that the classical style remained integral to Portuguese music until well into the Romantic era. Gradually, Romantic music from Europe was accepted, having been introduced by Alfredo Keil, a Portuguese painter, musician, and opera composer of German descent. Portugal's only Romantic composer of note, Keil wrote the music for A Portuguesa, the official Portuguese national anthem since 1911.The most widely known musical form of Portugal is the fado. Meaning fate, fado is singing that expresses a melancholic longing intermingled with sadness, regret, and resignation. There are at least two variations of fado: the Lisbon fado and the Coimbra or university student fado. Its origins are hotly debated. The most famous Portuguese fado singer was Amália Rodrigues (1920-99); presently, Mariza holds that claim.
См. также в других словарях:
Mariza — Meriç, Evros Der Fluss (rote Linie) heißt in Bulgarien Mariza, in der Türkei Meriç und in Griechenland Evros … Deutsch Wikipedia
Mariza — Mariza, 2004 Background information Birth name Marisa dos Reis Nunes Born December 16, 1973 (37 years) … Wikipedia
Mariza — Mariza, lors d un concert en 2004. Nom Marisa dos Reis Nunes Naissance 16 décembre&# … Wikipédia en Français
Mariza — Datos generales Nombre real Marisa dos Reis Nunes Nacimiento Mozambique, 16 de dic … Wikipedia Español
Mariza — ▪ 2004 In 2003 music lovers worldwide continued to awaken to the joy of melancholy through the powerful yet nuanced artistry of Portuguese fado singer Mariza. “Fado is an emotional kind of music full of passion, sorrow, jealousy, grief, and … Universalium
Mariza — Nacida en Mozambique, aunque criada en el barrio lisboeta de la Mouraria desde los tres años, Mariza es hoy en día la fadista más popular de Portugal y una de las cantantes lusas con más proyección internacional … Enciclopedia Universal
Mariza Nunes — Mariza im Jahr 2004 Marisa dos Reis Nunes (* 16. Dezember 1973 in Mosambik) ist der Geburtsname der portugiesischen Fado Sängerin Mariza. Ihr Vater ist Portugiese, ihre Mutter kommt aus Mosambik. Der Song Transparente steht als Andenken an ihre… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Mariza Koch — Μαρίζα Κωχ Mariza Koch, 2008. Background information Born 1944 (age 66–67) … Wikipedia
Mariza (Sängerin) — Mariza im Jahr 2004 Marisa dos Reis Nunes (* 16. Dezember 1973 in Mosambik) ist der Geburtsname der portugiesischen Fado Sängerin Mariza. Sie ist momentan die weltweit erfolgreichste Künstlerin dieser Musikrichtung. Inhaltsverzeichnis … Deutsch Wikipedia
Mariza & Duarte : Fado Today — Mariza Duarte : Fado Today Mariza Duarte : Fado Today est un DVD de la chanteuse de fado portugaise Mariza Mariza Barco negro Mariza Loucura (Sou do fado) Mariza O Gente da minha terra Mariza Por til Mariza Poetas Aldina Duarte Fado Lisboeta … Wikipédia en Français
Mariza & duarte : fado today — Mariza Duarte : Fado Today Mariza Duarte : Fado Today est un DVD de la chanteuse de fado portugaise Mariza Mariza Barco negro Mariza Loucura (Sou do fado) Mariza O Gente da minha terra Mariza Por til Mariza Poetas Aldina Duarte Fado Lisboeta … Wikipédia en Français
