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HarrisonБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > Harrison
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1) География: (г.) Гаррисон (шт. Северная Дакота, США)2) Музыка: Харрисон -
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мед. гаррисонаАнгло-русский универсальный дополнительный практический переводческий словарь И. Мостицкого > harrison's
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◙ n. הריסון, שם פרטי לזכר; שם משפחה; וויליאם הנרי הריסון (1773-1841), הנשיא ה-9 של ארה"ב (1841); בנג'מין הריסון (1833-1901), הנשיא ה-23 של ארה"ב (1889-1893)* * *◙ (3981-9881) ב"הרא לש 32-ה אישנה,(1091-3381) ןוסירה ןימ'גנב ;(1481) ב"הרא לש 9-ה אישנה,(1481-3771) ןוסירה ירנה םאיליוו ;החפשמ םש ;רכזל יטרפ םש,ןוסירה◄ -
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n ч. ім'яХаррісон -
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[haerisən]proper namedruž. ime -
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n. 남자 이름, 해리슨(미국의 제23대 대통령) -
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г. Гаррисон (шт. Северная Дакота, США)* * *Гаррисон (США, шт. Северная Дакота) -
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Англо-русский строительный словарь. — М.: Русский Язык. С.Н.Корчемкина, С.К.Кашкина, С.В.Курбатова. 1995.
Англо-русский словарь строительных терминов > Harrison hardrock corer
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18 Harrison, John
[br]b. 24 March 1693 Foulby, Yorkshire, Englandd. 24 March 1776 London, England[br]English horologist who constructed the first timekeeper of sufficient accuracy to determine longitude at sea and invented the gridiron pendulum for temperature compensation.[br]John Harrison was the son of a carpenter and was brought up to that trade. He was largely self-taught and learned mechanics from a copy of Nicholas Saunderson's lectures that had been lent to him. With the assistance of his younger brother, James, he built a series of unconventional clocks, mainly of wood. He was always concerned to reduce friction, without using oil, and this influenced the design of his "grasshopper" escapement. He also invented the "gridiron" compensation pendulum, which depended on the differential expansion of brass and steel. The excellent performance of his regulator clocks, which incorporated these devices, convinced him that they could also be used in a sea dock to compete for the longitude prize. In 1714 the Government had offered a prize of £20,000 for a method of determining longitude at sea to within half a degree after a voyage to the West Indies. In theory the longitude could be found by carrying an accurate timepiece that would indicate the time at a known longitude, but the requirements of the Act were very exacting. The timepiece would have to have a cumulative error of no more than two minutes after a voyage lasting six weeks.In 1730 Harrison went to London with his proposal for a sea clock, supported by examples of his grasshopper escapement and his gridiron pendulum. His proposal received sufficient encouragement and financial support, from George Graham and others, to enable him to return to Barrow and construct his first sea clock, which he completed five years later. This was a large and complicated machine that was made out of brass but retained the wooden wheelwork and the grasshopper escapement of the regulator clocks. The two balances were interlinked to counteract the rolling of the vessel and were controlled by helical springs operating in tension. It was the first timepiece with a balance to have temperature compensation. The effect of temperature change on the timekeeping of a balance is more pronounced than it is for a pendulum, as two effects are involved: the change in the size of the balance; and the change in the elasticity of the balance spring. Harrison compensated for both effects by using a gridiron arrangement to alter the tension in the springs. This timekeeper performed creditably when it was tested on a voyage to Lisbon, and the Board of Longitude agreed to finance improved models. Harrison's second timekeeper dispensed with the use of wood and had the added refinement of a remontoire, but even before it was tested he had embarked on a third machine. The balance of this machine was controlled by a spiral spring whose effective length was altered by a bimetallic strip to compensate for changes in temperature. In 1753 Harrison commissioned a London watchmaker, John Jefferys, to make a watch for his own personal use, with a similar form of temperature compensation and a modified verge escapement that was intended to compensate for the lack of isochronism of the balance spring. The time-keeping of this watch was surprisingly good and Harrison proceeded to build a larger and more sophisticated version, with a remontoire. This timekeeper was completed in 1759 and its performance was so remarkable that Harrison decided to enter it for the longitude prize in place of his third machine. It was tested on two voyages to the West Indies and on both occasions it met the requirements of the Act, but the Board of Longitude withheld half the prize money until they had proof that the timekeeper could be duplicated. Copies were made by Harrison and by Larcum Kendall, but the Board still continued to prevaricate and Harrison received the full amount of the prize in 1773 only after George III had intervened on his behalf.Although Harrison had shown that it was possible to construct a timepiece of sufficient accuracy to determine longitude at sea, his solution was too complex and costly to be produced in quantity. It had, for example, taken Larcum Kendall two years to produce his copy of Harrison's fourth timekeeper, but Harrison had overcome the psychological barrier and opened the door for others to produce chronometers in quantity at an affordable price. This was achieved before the end of the century by Arnold and Earnshaw, but they used an entirely different design that owed more to Le Roy than it did to Harrison and which only retained Harrison's maintaining power.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsRoyal Society Copley Medal 1749.Bibliography1767, The Principles of Mr Harrison's Time-keeper, with Plates of the Same, London. 1767, Remarks on a Pamphlet Lately Published by the Rev. Mr Maskelyne Under theAuthority of the Board of Longitude, London.1775, A Description Concerning Such Mechanisms as Will Afford a Nice or True Mensuration of Time, London.Further ReadingR.T.Gould, 1923, The Marine Chronometer: Its History and Development, London; reprinted 1960, Holland Press.—1978, John Harrison and His Timekeepers, 4th edn, London: National Maritime Museum.H.Quill, 1966, John Harrison, the Man who Found Longitude, London. A.G.Randall, 1989, "The technology of John Harrison's portable timekeepers", Antiquarian Horology 18:145–60, 261–77.J.Betts, 1993, John Harrison London (a good short account of Harrison's work). S.Smiles, 1905, Men of Invention and Industry; London: John Murray, Chapter III. Dictionary of National Biography, Vol. IX, pp. 35–6.DV -
19 Harrison, James
SUBJECT AREA: Agricultural and food technology[br]b. 1816 Glasgow, Scotlandd. 3 September 1893 Geelong, Victoria, Australia[br]Scottish pioneer of the transport of frozen meat.[br]James Harrison emigrated to Australia in 1834, and in 1840 settled in Geelong as a journalist. At one time he was editor of the Melbourne Age. In 1850 he began to devote his attention to the development of an ice-making scheme, erecting the first factory at Rodey Point, Barwin, in that year. In 1851 the Brewery Glasgow \& Co. in Bendigo, Victoria, installed the first Harrison refrigerator. He took out patents for his invention in 1856 and 1857, and visited London at about the same time. On his return to Australia he began experiments into the long-term freezing of meat. In 1873 he publicly exhibited the process in Melbourne and organized a banquet for the consumption of meat which had been in store for six months. In July of the same year the SS Norfolk sailed with a cargo of 20 tons of frozen mutton and beef, but this began to rot en route to London. The refrigeration plant was later put to use in a paraffin factory in London, but the failure ruined Harrison and took all his newspaper profits.[br]Further ReadingJ.T.Critchell, 1912, A History of the Frozen Meat Trade, London (gives a brief account of Harrison's abortive but essential part in the transport of frozen meat).AP -
20 Harrison, Benjamin
[ˊhærɪsǝn] Гаррисон, Бенджамин (1833—1901), 23- й президент США (1889—93), от Респ. партии. Внук президента У. Г. Гаррисона [*Harrison, W. H.]. Лишился популярности, когда Конгресс по его предложению принял высокий протекционистский тарифСША. Лингвострановедческий англо-русский словарь > Harrison, Benjamin
См. также в других словарях:
Harrison — Harrison, MT U.S. Census Designated Place in Montana Population (2000): 162 Housing Units (2000): 75 Land area (2000): 0.229820 sq. miles (0.595231 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.000000 sq. miles (0.000000 sq. km) Total area (2000): 0.229820 sq.… … StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places
Harrison — may refer to: People * See Harrison (name) Places In Australia: * Harrison, Australian Capital Territory, planned suburb in the Canberra district of GungahlinIn Canada: * Inukjuak, Quebec, or Port Harrison , Nunavik region of northern Quebec,… … Wikipedia
Harrison — ist ein häufig vorkommender Vor und Familienname, siehe Harrison (Name) eine politisch einflussreiche Familie in den USA, siehe Harrison (Familie) Harrison ist der Name folgender Orte in den Vereinigten Staaten: Harrison (Arkansas) Harrison… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Harrison — Harrison, Benjamín Harrison, John Harrison, Wallace Kirkman Harrison, William Henry * * * (as used in expressions) Birtwistle, Sir Harrison (Paul) William Harrison Dempsey Ford, Harrison Harrison, Benjamin Harrison, J … Enciclopedia Universal
Harrison — puede referirse a: Personas William Henry Harrison, noveno presidente de los Estados Unidos; George Harrison, músico británico; Harrison Ford, actor estadounidense; Harrison, personaje del anime Pokémon; B.J. Harrison, personaje de El Padrino III … Wikipedia Español
Harrison F.C. — Harrison F.C. was an American soccer club based in Harrison, New Jersey that began as the amateur Harrison Erie S.C. who played in the National Association Foot Ball League.The team became a founding member of the professional American Soccer… … Wikipedia
Harrison — [ hærɪsn], 1) Benjamin, 23. Präsident der USA (1889 93), * North Bend (Ohio) 20. 8. 1833, ✝ Indianapolis (Indiana) 13. 3. 1901, Enkel von 7); Rechtsanwalt, stieg im Sezessionskrieg zum Brigadegeneral der Union auf; 1881 Anwalt beim Obersten … Universal-Lexikon
Harrison, MI — U.S. Census Designated Place in Michigan Population (2000): 24461 Housing Units (2000): 11486 Land area (2000): 14.303212 sq. miles (37.045148 sq. km) Water area (2000): 9.449188 sq. miles (24.473283 sq. km) Total area (2000): 23.752400 sq. miles … StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places
Harrison — Harrison, Benjamin (1833 1901) the twenty third president of the US, from 1889 to 1893 Harrison 2 Har|ri|son, George (1943 2001) a British musician and songwriter who sang and played the ↑guitar in The Beatles. After The Beatles separated, he… … Dictionary of contemporary English
Harrison [1] — Harrison, 1) Grafschaft im Staate Virginia (Nordamerika), 20 QM., vom westlichen Quellenarm Monongahela River durchflossen; Waldungen u. gutes Weideland; Producte: Mais, Weizen, Hafer, Rindvieh, Steinkohle, Eisen; die Parkersburg Zweigbahn der… … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Harrison, AR — U.S. city in Arkansas Population (2000): 12152 Housing Units (2000): 5747 Land area (2000): 10.233262 sq. miles (26.504025 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.000000 sq. miles (0.000000 sq. km) Total area (2000): 10.233262 sq. miles (26.504025 sq. km)… … StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places
