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1 dévolution
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2 dévolution
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3 dévolution de compétence
Dictionnaire juridique, politique, économique et financier > dévolution de compétence
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4 dévolution des tâches
Dictionnaire juridique, politique, économique et financier > dévolution des tâches
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5 déconcentration
déconcentration [dekɔ̃sɑ̃tʀasjɔ̃]feminine noun[de personne] loss of concentration* * *dekɔ̃sɑ̃tʀasjɔ̃ nf1) [industries, richesses] deconcentration2) ADMINISTRATION devolution3) [attention] loss of concentration* * *2 ( de personne) loss of concentration.[dekɔ̃sɑ̃trasjɔ̃] nom féminin3. [dilution] dilution4. [manque d'attention] lack of concentration -
6 Décentralisation
regionalisation, decentralisation, devolution of power from the central government to regional and departmental authorities. France has a long legacy as a centralised state, dating back many centuries; the centralised structure of power has survived numerous regime changes in since the French Revolution. It was not until the election of a Socialist government in 1981 that any major steps were taken to reduce the importance of Paris. The first Loi de Décentralisation, passed in 1982, transferred certain powers to the regions, and since then further powers have been devolved, including responsibility for lycées (though not the recruitment of their teachers), regional public transport services, and the management of certain social services.Regions are now governed by elected conseils régionaux, under the leadership of a Président de région.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Décentralisation
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7 Elitism
In spite of the national commitment to the principles of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity, France remains marked by traditions of elitism that are ingrained in the very fibre of society. The French Revolution was supposed to have done away with privileges and elites, and usher in an age of greater equality; in the event, it - and subsequent upheavals - changed the nature of the elites in France, without making a great impact on the underlying system. Indeed, the notion of 'republican elites' is one that was fundamental in the shaping of post-Revolutionary France.In terms of local power, the role of local notables - important figures - remains strong. Notables frequently fulfil multiple roles in local administration and structures, sometimes combining these with elected positions on a regional or national scale, giving them and their close supporters a considerable degree of power. (See Cumul des mandats). They are frequently referred to as les elites locales. The process of devolution in France, set in motion in 1982, has had the effect of strengthening the power base of local elites.The French education system, while offering a good quality non-selective education to all children at lower levels, is increasingly elitist towards the top, particularly when it comes to preparing for higher education. Manyclasses préparatoires, particularly those preparing students for entrance to the top institutions of higher education, called Grandes Ecoles, are very selective, and the selection process - and for that matter the system itself - often disfavours students from humble or poorer backgrounds. The Grandes Ecoles themselves, tailor-made to the needs of the nation, train the future leaders and decision makers in specific fields of the public or private sector, producing very close networks of former students, that make the British concept of the "old-boy network" seem rather informal.Places in the top grandes écoles and some other institutions are highly sought after, as graduates from these schools are seen in France as a sort of caste, membership of which is highly recommended, if not essential, for anyone wanting to reach the top. The classic example of this is the ENA, Ecole Normale d'Administration, the Grande Ecole designed to train top civil servants and future political leaders. In the corridors of French power, many if not most of the top positions are occupied by Enarques, graduates of the ENA. In 1967, Jean-Pierre Chevènement - himself an Enarque, and later to be Minister of the Interior under François Mitterrand - coined the word Enarchie, to define the French system of state elites.As for business elites, a 2006 review in the Economist observed that they "often seem to owe more allegiance to the group from which they are drawn than to the international corporations they work for."Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Elitism
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8 Régionales, élections
elections to designate councillors for French regional councils. Regional councils have existed since the Law of Decentralisation (devolution) in 1982. The first public elections to choose regional councillors took place in 1986. Regional elections take place every six years, the most recent having occurred in 2004.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Régionales, élections
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9 Regionalisation
decentralisation, devolution of power frm the central government to regional and departmental authorities. The process has been ongoing since the Loi de Décentralisation passed in 1982.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Regionalisation
См. также в других словарях:
dévolution — [ devɔlysjɔ̃ ] n. f. • 1385; lat. médiév. devolutio → dévolu ♦ Dr. Passage de droits héréditaires au degré subséquent par renonciation du degré précédent, ou à une ligne par extinction de l autre. Dévolution successorale. La guerre de Dévolution… … Encyclopédie Universelle
Devolution — Студийный альбом … Википедия
Devolution — • The right of an ecclesiastical superior to provide for a benefice, when the ordinary patron or collator has failed to do so, either through negligence or by the nomination of an improper candidate Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006.… … Catholic encyclopedia
devolution — de·vo·lu·tion /ˌde və lü shən, ˌdē / n: the transfer (as of rights, powers, property, or responsibility) to another Merriam Webster’s Dictionary of Law. Merriam Webster. 1996. devolution … Law dictionary
devolution — Devolution involves the transfer of significant duties and powers from a higher authority to a lower one – for example, from a central government to subordinate regional forms. The transfer stops short of any cession of sovereignty, so that… … Glossary of UK Government and Politics
devolution — de‧vo‧lu‧tion [ˌdiːvəˈluːʆn] noun [uncountable] when a national government or a large organization gives some or all of its power to a smaller group or an organization at a more local level: • the devolution of political power * * * devolution… … Financial and business terms
Devolution — Dev o*lu tion, n. [LL. devolutio: cf. F. d[ e]volution.] 1. The act of rolling down. [R.] [1913 Webster] The devolution of earth down upon the valleys. Woodward. [1913 Webster] 2. Transference from one person to another; a passing or devolving… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Devolution — (lat. devolvere, ‚herabrollen‘) steht für: den Übergang eines Herrschertitels oder eines erblichen Adelstitels an einen Nachfolger, siehe Thronfolge die Übertragung administrativer Funktionen vom Souverän an Gebietskörperschaften, siehe… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Dévolution — du pouvoir La dévolution du pouvoir est un transfert ou une délégation de pouvoir politique d une entité à une autre ou d une personne à une autre. Elle se produit en général d une entité supérieure vers une entité inférieure, on parle de… … Wikipédia en Français
dévolution — DÉVOLUTION. s. f. Acquisition d un droit dévolu. Cette Terre, cette Seigneurie appartient au Roi par dévolution. Droit de dévolution … Dictionnaire de l'Académie Française 1798
devolution — Devolution. s. f. Acquisition d un droit devolu. Cette terre, cette Seigneurie appartient au Roy par devolution. droit de devolution … Dictionnaire de l'Académie française
