Căpĭtōlīni

Căpĭtōlīnus, a, um, adj. [Capitolium], of or pertaining to the Capitol, Capitoline:

clivus,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 11, 31:

sedes,

id. Div. 1, 12, 19; 2, 20, 45:

collis,

Mart. 12, 21:

area,

Suet. Calig. 22; 34; Gell. 2, 10, 2.—Of Jupiter, Auct. Dom. 57, 144; Suet. Caes. 84; id. Aug. 30; 91; 94; id. Tib. 53; id. Dom. 4:

dapes,

that was given to Jupiter, Mart. 12, 48:

Venus,

Suet. Calig. 7:

amphora, q. v.: ludi,

Liv. 5, 50, 4:

certamen,

Suet. Dom. 13; cf. id. ib. 4:

quercus,

a crown of oak given to victors in the Capitoline games, Juv. 6, 387. —

Subst.

Căpĭtōlīnus, i, m., the Capitoline Hill, Auct. Her. 4, 32, 43.—

Căpĭtōlīni, ōrum, m., persons who had the charge of these games, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 5, 2.— In sing., a cognomen of M. Manlius, on account of his rescue of the Capitol, Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 24.

a-scrībo ( ads-, Baiter, Halm, Weissenb., K. and H.; as-, Kayser), psi, ptum, 3, v. a., to annex by writing, to add to a writing (syn.: annumero, addo, insero, attribuo, tribuo).

In gen.

Lit., constr. absol. or with dat., in with acc. or abl.

Absol.:

non solum illud perscribunt, quod tum prohibiti sunt, sed etiam causam ascribunt cur etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 35:

illud minime auguris, quod adscripsit, ob eam causam, etc.,

id. Div. 1, 16, 29.—

With dat.:

Terentia salutem tibi plurimam adscribit,

Cic. Att. 1, 5 fin.:

coheredem sibi libertum ejus adscriptum,

Suet. Vit. 14.—

With in with acc. or abl.: hoc tibi respondeo: ascripsisse eundem Sullam in eandem legem: si quid, etc.: nam nisi esset, hoc in omnibus legibus non ascriberetur, Cic. Caecin. 33, 95 (B. and K., in eādem lege):

antiquior dies in tuis adscripta litteris,

id. ad Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3:

in alterā epistulā diem non adscribis,

do not add the date, id. Att. 3, 23:

nomen suum in albo profitentium citharoedorum jussit adscribi,

Suet. Ner. 21; id. Tib. 51 al.—Esp. freq. of superscriptions and inscriptions:

Recita epistulam. TIMARCHIDES VERRIS ACCENSVS APRONIO. Jam hoc quidem non reprehendo, quod ascribit ACCENSVS,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 66:

non credo ascripturum esse magno,

id. Agr. 2, 20:

novo si marmori adscripserunt Praxitelem suo,

Phaedr. 5, prol. 6:

tumulo publice exstructo adscripserant, pro libertate eos occubuisse,

Suet. Aug. 12 fin.:

ut qui statuarum titulis pronepotem se Q. Catuli Capitolini semper adscripserit,

id. Galb. 2; id. Ner. 45; id. Aug. 70.—

Trop.

To impute, ascribe, attribute to one the cause of something:

hoc incommodum Scipioni ascribendum videtur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 49:

panaces diis inventoribus adscriptum,

Plin. 25, 4, 11, § 30; Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 81;

and (per hypallagen, cf. Rudd. II. p. 393): cur autem ascribimus illum his lacrimis (instead of illi has lacrimas),

id. Rapt. Pros. 3, 419; cf. id. Idyll. 6, 81:

nomini meo adscribatur victoria,

Vulg. 2 Reg. 12, 28.—

To place to one's credit, i. e. to settle, fix, designate, appoint:

eidem (servo) adscripsisse legatum,

bequeathed to him, Plin. Ep. 4, 10.— Poet.:

culpam lues, olim cum adscriptus venerit poenae dies,

Phaedr. 4, 11, 8.—

Adscribere sibi aliquid, to apply, refer something to one's self:

qui facere quae non possunt, verbis elevant, Adscribere hoc debebunt exemplum sibi,

Phaedr. 4, 3, 6.—

A.. Esp., t. t., to enroll, enter in a list ( as citizen, soldier, colonist, etc.):

ascribi se in eam civitatem voluit,

to be entered, received as a citizen, Cic. Arch. 4:

si qui foederatis civitatibus ascripti fuissent,

id. ib.:

urbanae militiae adscribebatur,

Tac. H. 2, 94:

adscribantur ex Judaeis in exercitu regis ad triginta milia virorum,

Vulg. 1 Macc. 10, 36: adscripti dicebantur qui in colonias nomina dedissent, ut essent coloni, Paul. ex Fest. p. 13 Müll.:

colonos Venusiam adscripserunt,

Liv. 31, 49; so id. 32, 7; 33, 24; 34, 42;

35, 9 al.: coloniam deduxit adscriptis veteranis,

Suet. Ner. 9;

so also of ambassadors,

Phaedr. 4, 17, 16.—

Trop.

To reckon or number in a class, include among:

adscripsit Liber Satyris poëtas,

Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 4 (cf. id. ib. 1, 9, 13:

scribe tui gregis hunc): aliquem ordinibus deorum,

id. C. 3, 3, 35:

nationes Germanis an Sarmatis adscribam, dubito,

Tac. G. 46:

aliquem antiquis temporibus,

id. Or. 17.—

To add or join to:

ad hoc genus ascribamus etiam narrationes apologorum,

Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 264:

admiratus eorum fidem tyrannus petivit, ut se ad amicitiam tertium adscriberent,

id. Off. 3, 10, 45; so id. Tusc. 5, 22, 63; id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5:

tu vero ascribe me in talem numerum,

id. Phil. 2, 13:

suae alicujus sententiam,

id. Opt. Gen. 6:

unus A. Gabinius belli maritimi Cn. Pompeio socius ascribitur, i. e. additur,

id. Imp. Pomp. 19 fin. —Hence also of attributes of a deity:

Jovi aquila adscribitur,

is ascribed, Plin. 10, 5, 6, § 18.

a-scrībo ( ads-, Baiter, Halm, Weissenb., K. and H.; as-, Kayser), psi, ptum, 3, v. a., to annex by writing, to add to a writing (syn.: annumero, addo, insero, attribuo, tribuo).

In gen.

Lit., constr. absol. or with dat., in with acc. or abl.

Absol.:

non solum illud perscribunt, quod tum prohibiti sunt, sed etiam causam ascribunt cur etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 35:

illud minime auguris, quod adscripsit, ob eam causam, etc.,

id. Div. 1, 16, 29.—

With dat.:

Terentia salutem tibi plurimam adscribit,

Cic. Att. 1, 5 fin.:

coheredem sibi libertum ejus adscriptum,

Suet. Vit. 14.—

With in with acc. or abl.: hoc tibi respondeo: ascripsisse eundem Sullam in eandem legem: si quid, etc.: nam nisi esset, hoc in omnibus legibus non ascriberetur, Cic. Caecin. 33, 95 (B. and K., in eādem lege):

antiquior dies in tuis adscripta litteris,

id. ad Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3:

in alterā epistulā diem non adscribis,

do not add the date, id. Att. 3, 23:

nomen suum in albo profitentium citharoedorum jussit adscribi,

Suet. Ner. 21; id. Tib. 51 al.—Esp. freq. of superscriptions and inscriptions:

Recita epistulam. TIMARCHIDES VERRIS ACCENSVS APRONIO. Jam hoc quidem non reprehendo, quod ascribit ACCENSVS,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 66:

non credo ascripturum esse magno,

id. Agr. 2, 20:

novo si marmori adscripserunt Praxitelem suo,

Phaedr. 5, prol. 6:

tumulo publice exstructo adscripserant, pro libertate eos occubuisse,

Suet. Aug. 12 fin.:

ut qui statuarum titulis pronepotem se Q. Catuli Capitolini semper adscripserit,

id. Galb. 2; id. Ner. 45; id. Aug. 70.—

Trop.

To impute, ascribe, attribute to one the cause of something:

hoc incommodum Scipioni ascribendum videtur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 49:

panaces diis inventoribus adscriptum,

Plin. 25, 4, 11, § 30; Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 81;

and (per hypallagen, cf. Rudd. II. p. 393): cur autem ascribimus illum his lacrimis (instead of illi has lacrimas),

id. Rapt. Pros. 3, 419; cf. id. Idyll. 6, 81:

nomini meo adscribatur victoria,

Vulg. 2 Reg. 12, 28.—

To place to one's credit, i. e. to settle, fix, designate, appoint:

eidem (servo) adscripsisse legatum,

bequeathed to him, Plin. Ep. 4, 10.— Poet.:

culpam lues, olim cum adscriptus venerit poenae dies,

Phaedr. 4, 11, 8.—

Adscribere sibi aliquid, to apply, refer something to one's self:

qui facere quae non possunt, verbis elevant, Adscribere hoc debebunt exemplum sibi,

Phaedr. 4, 3, 6.—

A.. Esp., t. t., to enroll, enter in a list ( as citizen, soldier, colonist, etc.):

ascribi se in eam civitatem voluit,

to be entered, received as a citizen, Cic. Arch. 4:

si qui foederatis civitatibus ascripti fuissent,

id. ib.:

urbanae militiae adscribebatur,

Tac. H. 2, 94:

adscribantur ex Judaeis in exercitu regis ad triginta milia virorum,

Vulg. 1 Macc. 10, 36: adscripti dicebantur qui in colonias nomina dedissent, ut essent coloni, Paul. ex Fest. p. 13 Müll.:

colonos Venusiam adscripserunt,

Liv. 31, 49; so id. 32, 7; 33, 24; 34, 42;

35, 9 al.: coloniam deduxit adscriptis veteranis,

Suet. Ner. 9;

so also of ambassadors,

Phaedr. 4, 17, 16.—

Trop.

To reckon or number in a class, include among:

adscripsit Liber Satyris poëtas,

Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 4 (cf. id. ib. 1, 9, 13:

scribe tui gregis hunc): aliquem ordinibus deorum,

id. C. 3, 3, 35:

nationes Germanis an Sarmatis adscribam, dubito,

Tac. G. 46:

aliquem antiquis temporibus,

id. Or. 17.—

To add or join to:

ad hoc genus ascribamus etiam narrationes apologorum,

Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 264:

admiratus eorum fidem tyrannus petivit, ut se ad amicitiam tertium adscriberent,

id. Off. 3, 10, 45; so id. Tusc. 5, 22, 63; id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5:

tu vero ascribe me in talem numerum,

id. Phil. 2, 13:

suae alicujus sententiam,

id. Opt. Gen. 6:

unus A. Gabinius belli maritimi Cn. Pompeio socius ascribitur, i. e. additur,

id. Imp. Pomp. 19 fin. —Hence also of attributes of a deity:

Jovi aquila adscribitur,

is ascribed, Plin. 10, 5, 6, § 18.

Căpĭtōlīnus, a, um, adj. [Capitolium], of or pertaining to the Capitol, Capitoline:

clivus,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 11, 31:

sedes,

id. Div. 1, 12, 19; 2, 20, 45:

collis,

Mart. 12, 21:

area,

Suet. Calig. 22; 34; Gell. 2, 10, 2.—Of Jupiter, Auct. Dom. 57, 144; Suet. Caes. 84; id. Aug. 30; 91; 94; id. Tib. 53; id. Dom. 4:

dapes,

that was given to Jupiter, Mart. 12, 48:

Venus,

Suet. Calig. 7:

amphora, q. v.: ludi,

Liv. 5, 50, 4:

certamen,

Suet. Dom. 13; cf. id. ib. 4:

quercus,

a crown of oak given to victors in the Capitoline games, Juv. 6, 387. —

Subst.

Căpĭtōlīnus, i, m., the Capitoline Hill, Auct. Her. 4, 32, 43.—

Căpĭtōlīni, ōrum, m., persons who had the charge of these games, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 5, 2.— In sing., a cognomen of M. Manlius, on account of his rescue of the Capitol, Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 24.

lăquĕo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [laqueus], to noose, ensnare, entangle ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

Lit.:

extentis laqueare profundum Retibus,

Manil. 5, 659:

cassem Per senos circum usque sinus laqueabis,

i. e. to plait, Grat. Cyn. 40:

corpus laqueatum et distentum,

Col. 6, 19, 3:

laqueatis resistentium membris,

Amm. 31, 2, 9:

laqueatis cruribus (elephantorum),

entangled, Sol. 20, 11.—

Trop., to ensnare, etc.:

si te forte oculi dextri laqueaverit error,

Juvenc. 1, 537.

lăquĕo (or lăcŭo), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [laquear], to adorn with a panelled or fretted ceiling (perh. only in the part.): tectis caelatis lacuatis, panelled, fretted, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 35, 85 (Trag. v. 121 Vahl.); Serv. Verg. A. 1, 726:

tecta,

Hor. C. 2, 16, 11:

Jovis Capitolini templum, non laqueatum auro tantum, sed parietibus totis lammina inauratum,

Liv. 41, 20, 9; cf.:

considerat templum, videt undique tectum pulcherrime laqueatum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 51, § 133:

laqueata tecta,

id. Leg. 2, 1, 2:

cenationes laqueatae,

panelled dining - rooms, Suet. Ner. 31.

lăquĕo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [laqueus], to noose, ensnare, entangle ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

Lit.:

extentis laqueare profundum Retibus,

Manil. 5, 659:

cassem Per senos circum usque sinus laqueabis,

i. e. to plait, Grat. Cyn. 40:

corpus laqueatum et distentum,

Col. 6, 19, 3:

laqueatis resistentium membris,

Amm. 31, 2, 9:

laqueatis cruribus (elephantorum),

entangled, Sol. 20, 11.—

Trop., to ensnare, etc.:

si te forte oculi dextri laqueaverit error,

Juvenc. 1, 537.

lăquĕo (or lăcŭo), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [laquear], to adorn with a panelled or fretted ceiling (perh. only in the part.): tectis caelatis lacuatis, panelled, fretted, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 35, 85 (Trag. v. 121 Vahl.); Serv. Verg. A. 1, 726:

tecta,

Hor. C. 2, 16, 11:

Jovis Capitolini templum, non laqueatum auro tantum, sed parietibus totis lammina inauratum,

Liv. 41, 20, 9; cf.:

considerat templum, videt undique tectum pulcherrime laqueatum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 51, § 133:

laqueata tecta,

id. Leg. 2, 1, 2:

cenationes laqueatae,

panelled dining - rooms, Suet. Ner. 31.

lustrum, i, n. [1. luo, lavo; cf.: monstrum, moneo], a slough, bog, morass, puddle.

Lit.:

prodigunt in lutosos limites ac lustra, ut volutentur in luto,

Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 8.—

Transf.

A haunt or den of wild beasts:

lustra ferarum,

Verg. G. 2, 471; id. A. 3, 647:

lustra horrida monstris,

Val. Fl. 4, 370.—

A wood, forest:

postquam altos ventum in montes atque invia lustra,

Verg. A. 4, 151:

inter horrentia lustra,

id. ib. 11, 570.—

A house of ill-repute: ubi in lustra jacuisti? St. Egone in lustra? Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 26:

quod dem scortis, quodque in lustris comedim,

id. Bacch. 4, 4, 91; id. Curc. 4, 2, 22: in lustris latet, Turp. ap. Non. 333, 15:

in lustris, popinis, alea, vino tempus aetatis omne consumpsisses,

Cic. Phil. 13, 11, 24:

homo emersus ex diuturnis tenebris lustrorum,

id. Sest. 9, 20.—

Debauchery; cf.: lustra significant lacunas lutosas, quae sunt in silvis aprorum cubilia. A quā similitudine, hi, qui in locis abditis et sorditis ventri et gulae operam dant, dicuntur in lustris vitam agere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 120:

domus, in qua lustra, libidines, luxuries, omnia denique inaudita vitia, versentur,

Cic. Cael. 23, 57:

studere lustris,

Plaut. As. 5, 2, 17:

lustris perire,

Lucr. 4, 1136:

vino lustrisque confectus,

Cic. Phil. 2, 3, 6:

qui pugnent, marcere Campana luxuria, vino et scortis omnibusque lustris per totam hiemem confectos,

Liv. 23, 45, 3.

lustrum, i, n. [2. luo], a purificatory sacrifice, expiatory offering, lustration, made by the censors for the whole people once in five years, after completing the census, and in which a swine, a sheep, and a bull were offered (suovetaurilia): lustrum condere, to make the lustral sacrifice:

lustrum condidit et taurum immolavit,

Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 268:

censu perfecto edixit, ut omnes cives Romani in campo primā luce adessent. Ibi exercitum omnem suovetaurilibus lustravit: idque conditum lustrum appellatum, quia is censendo finis factus est,

Liv. 1, 44; 3, 24; cf. id. 35, 9; 38, 36; 42, 10. The census could also be taken without being followed by a lustrum, Liv. 3, 22, 1; 24, 43, 4: sub lustrum censeri, at the close of the census, when the lustrum should begin:

sub lustrum censeri, germani negotiatoris est (because these were usually not in Rome, and were included in the census last of all),

Cic. Att. 1, 18, 8.—Being a religious ceremonial, the lustrum was sometimes omitted, when circumstances seemed to forbid it:

census actus eo anno: lustrum propter Capitolium captum, consulem occisum, condi religiosum fuit,

Liv. 3, 22, 1. Hence in part, doubtless, must be explained the small number of lustra actually celebrated; thus, A. U. C. 296:

census perficitur, idque lustrum ab origine urbis decimum conditum ferunt,

Liv. 3, 24, 10.—

Transf.

A propitiatory offering:

quinto die Delphis Apollini pro me exercitibusque et classibus lustra sacrificavi,

Liv. 45, 41, 3.—

A period of five years, a lustrum (because every five years a lustrum was performed).

In gen.:

cujus octavum trepidavit aetas Claudere lustrum,

Hor. C. 2, 4, 24; Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 78; Mart. 10, 38, 9.—

As the period of taxation, in reference to the imposition of duties, Varr, L. L. 6, 2, 11:

hoc ipso lustro,

Cic. Att. 6, 2, 5:

superioris lustri reliqua,

id. Fam. 2, 13, 3.—

In gen., a period of several years; of four years (of the Julian calendar), Ov. F. 3, 163; cf. Plin. 2, 47, 47, § 122: ingens lustrum, the grand lustrum, a hundred years, at the end of which the ludi saeculares were celebrated, Mart. 4, 1, 7.—

From the time of Domitian, the Capitoline games, recurring every fifth year, Suet. Dom. 4; Censor. de Die Nat. 18; cf. Stat. S. 4, 2, 60:

certamine Jovis Capitolini lustro sexto,

Inscr. Grut. 332, 3;

called lustri certamen,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 27, 7.—

Hectoris Lustra (not Lytra), title of a tragedy of Ennius; v. Trag. Rel. p. 28 sq. Rib.; Vahl. Enn. p. 113 sq.—

The term of a lease:

priore lustro,

Plin. Ep. 9, 37, 2.

pĕnē̆trālis, e, adj. [penetro].

Piercing, penetrating (ante-class.):

frigus,

Lucr. 1, 494:

ignis,

id. 1, 535:

fulmineus multo penetralior ignis,

id. 2, 382.—

Transf., inward, inner, internal, interior, innermost (mostly poet.):

tecta,

Verg. G. 1, 379:

aeternumque adytis effert penetralibus ignem,

id. A. 2, 297:

abditi ac penetrales foci,

Cic. Har. Resp. 27, 57:

di Penates... ab eo, quod penitus insideret: ex quo etiam penetrales a poëtis vocantur,

id. N. D. 2, 27, 68; so,

per penetrales deos,

Sen. Oedip. 265; id. Phoen. 340: penetrale sacrificium dicitur, quod interiore parte sacrarii conficitur: unde et penetralia cujusque dicuntur;

et penes nos, quod in potestate nostrā est,

Fest. p. 250 Müll.—As subst.: pĕnē̆trāle, is ( pĕnē̆tral, Macr. S. 7, 1; Symm. Ep. 2, 34), n.; usually in plur.: pĕnē̆trālĭa, ium, the inner part, interior of any thing, esp. of a building; the inside space, an inner room (mostly poet.; not in Cic. or Cæs.; cf. adytum).

Lit.

In gen.:

penetrale urbis,

Liv. 41, 20, 7:

in ipsis penetralibus (Britanniae),

Tac. Agr. 30:

apparent Priami et veterum penetralia regum,

the inner chambers, Verg. A. 2, 484:

in penetralibus regum ipsorum,

Vulg. Psa. 104, 30; so,

penetralia alta medio tecti,

Verg. A. 7, 59:

magni amnis penetralia,

Ov. M. 1, 574; Sil. 7, 501.—

In partic.

A sanctuary, esp. that of the Penates, a chapel:

penetralia sunt penatium deorum sacraria,

Fest. p. 208 Müll.:

Capitolini Tonantis,

Mart. 10, 51.—

Transf., poet., the Penates, guardian deities:

huc vittas castumque refer penetrale parentum,

Sil. 13, 62:

avi penetralia Turni,

id. 1, 668.—

Trop., an inner place, secret place, a secret (post-Aug.), Stat. S. 3, 5, 56:

loci aperire penetralia,

Quint. 6, 2, 25:

auxilia ex ipsis sapientiae penetralibus petere,

id. 12 prooem. §

3: animus secedit in loca pura... Haec eloquentiae penetralia,

Tac. Or. 12:

penetralia animi,

Ambros. in Luc. 1, 1, 12:

mentis,

id. ib. 1, 5, 105.—With esp. reference to the signif. sanctuary (v. supra, I. B.):

ut tantum intra suum penetral existimes adorandam (philosophiam),

Macr. S. 7, 1:

sanctum penetral animi tui nesciunt,

Symm. Ep. 2, 34. — Adv.: pĕnē̆trālĭter, inwardly, internally (post-class.), Ven. Vit. S. Mart. 4, 597.

pĕnē̆trālis, e, adj. [penetro].

Piercing, penetrating (ante-class.):

frigus,

Lucr. 1, 494:

ignis,

id. 1, 535:

fulmineus multo penetralior ignis,

id. 2, 382.—

Transf., inward, inner, internal, interior, innermost (mostly poet.):

tecta,

Verg. G. 1, 379:

aeternumque adytis effert penetralibus ignem,

id. A. 2, 297:

abditi ac penetrales foci,

Cic. Har. Resp. 27, 57:

di Penates... ab eo, quod penitus insideret: ex quo etiam penetrales a poëtis vocantur,

id. N. D. 2, 27, 68; so,

per penetrales deos,

Sen. Oedip. 265; id. Phoen. 340: penetrale sacrificium dicitur, quod interiore parte sacrarii conficitur: unde et penetralia cujusque dicuntur;

et penes nos, quod in potestate nostrā est,

Fest. p. 250 Müll.—As subst.: pĕnē̆trāle, is ( pĕnē̆tral, Macr. S. 7, 1; Symm. Ep. 2, 34), n.; usually in plur.: pĕnē̆trālĭa, ium, the inner part, interior of any thing, esp. of a building; the inside space, an inner room (mostly poet.; not in Cic. or Cæs.; cf. adytum).

Lit.

In gen.:

penetrale urbis,

Liv. 41, 20, 7:

in ipsis penetralibus (Britanniae),

Tac. Agr. 30:

apparent Priami et veterum penetralia regum,

the inner chambers, Verg. A. 2, 484:

in penetralibus regum ipsorum,

Vulg. Psa. 104, 30; so,

penetralia alta medio tecti,

Verg. A. 7, 59:

magni amnis penetralia,

Ov. M. 1, 574; Sil. 7, 501.—

In partic.

A sanctuary, esp. that of the Penates, a chapel:

penetralia sunt penatium deorum sacraria,

Fest. p. 208 Müll.:

Capitolini Tonantis,

Mart. 10, 51.—

Transf., poet., the Penates, guardian deities:

huc vittas castumque refer penetrale parentum,

Sil. 13, 62:

avi penetralia Turni,

id. 1, 668.—

Trop., an inner place, secret place, a secret (post-Aug.), Stat. S. 3, 5, 56:

loci aperire penetralia,

Quint. 6, 2, 25:

auxilia ex ipsis sapientiae penetralibus petere,

id. 12 prooem. §

3: animus secedit in loca pura... Haec eloquentiae penetralia,

Tac. Or. 12:

penetralia animi,

Ambros. in Luc. 1, 1, 12:

mentis,

id. ib. 1, 5, 105.—With esp. reference to the signif. sanctuary (v. supra, I. B.):

ut tantum intra suum penetral existimes adorandam (philosophiam),

Macr. S. 7, 1:

sanctum penetral animi tui nesciunt,

Symm. Ep. 2, 34. — Adv.: pĕnē̆trālĭter, inwardly, internally (post-class.), Ven. Vit. S. Mart. 4, 597.

pĕnē̆trālis, e, adj. [penetro].

Piercing, penetrating (ante-class.):

frigus,

Lucr. 1, 494:

ignis,

id. 1, 535:

fulmineus multo penetralior ignis,

id. 2, 382.—

Transf., inward, inner, internal, interior, innermost (mostly poet.):

tecta,

Verg. G. 1, 379:

aeternumque adytis effert penetralibus ignem,

id. A. 2, 297:

abditi ac penetrales foci,

Cic. Har. Resp. 27, 57:

di Penates... ab eo, quod penitus insideret: ex quo etiam penetrales a poëtis vocantur,

id. N. D. 2, 27, 68; so,

per penetrales deos,

Sen. Oedip. 265; id. Phoen. 340: penetrale sacrificium dicitur, quod interiore parte sacrarii conficitur: unde et penetralia cujusque dicuntur;

et penes nos, quod in potestate nostrā est,

Fest. p. 250 Müll.—As subst.: pĕnē̆trāle, is ( pĕnē̆tral, Macr. S. 7, 1; Symm. Ep. 2, 34), n.; usually in plur.: pĕnē̆trālĭa, ium, the inner part, interior of any thing, esp. of a building; the inside space, an inner room (mostly poet.; not in Cic. or Cæs.; cf. adytum).

Lit.

In gen.:

penetrale urbis,

Liv. 41, 20, 7:

in ipsis penetralibus (Britanniae),

Tac. Agr. 30:

apparent Priami et veterum penetralia regum,

the inner chambers, Verg. A. 2, 484:

in penetralibus regum ipsorum,

Vulg. Psa. 104, 30; so,

penetralia alta medio tecti,

Verg. A. 7, 59:

magni amnis penetralia,

Ov. M. 1, 574; Sil. 7, 501.—

In partic.

A sanctuary, esp. that of the Penates, a chapel:

penetralia sunt penatium deorum sacraria,

Fest. p. 208 Müll.:

Capitolini Tonantis,

Mart. 10, 51.—

Transf., poet., the Penates, guardian deities:

huc vittas castumque refer penetrale parentum,

Sil. 13, 62:

avi penetralia Turni,

id. 1, 668.—

Trop., an inner place, secret place, a secret (post-Aug.), Stat. S. 3, 5, 56:

loci aperire penetralia,

Quint. 6, 2, 25:

auxilia ex ipsis sapientiae penetralibus petere,

id. 12 prooem. §

3: animus secedit in loca pura... Haec eloquentiae penetralia,

Tac. Or. 12:

penetralia animi,

Ambros. in Luc. 1, 1, 12:

mentis,

id. ib. 1, 5, 105.—With esp. reference to the signif. sanctuary (v. supra, I. B.):

ut tantum intra suum penetral existimes adorandam (philosophiam),

Macr. S. 7, 1:

sanctum penetral animi tui nesciunt,

Symm. Ep. 2, 34. — Adv.: pĕnē̆trālĭter, inwardly, internally (post-class.), Ven. Vit. S. Mart. 4, 597.

pĕnē̆trālis, e, adj. [penetro].

Piercing, penetrating (ante-class.):

frigus,

Lucr. 1, 494:

ignis,

id. 1, 535:

fulmineus multo penetralior ignis,

id. 2, 382.—

Transf., inward, inner, internal, interior, innermost (mostly poet.):

tecta,

Verg. G. 1, 379:

aeternumque adytis effert penetralibus ignem,

id. A. 2, 297:

abditi ac penetrales foci,

Cic. Har. Resp. 27, 57:

di Penates... ab eo, quod penitus insideret: ex quo etiam penetrales a poëtis vocantur,

id. N. D. 2, 27, 68; so,

per penetrales deos,

Sen. Oedip. 265; id. Phoen. 340: penetrale sacrificium dicitur, quod interiore parte sacrarii conficitur: unde et penetralia cujusque dicuntur;

et penes nos, quod in potestate nostrā est,

Fest. p. 250 Müll.—As subst.: pĕnē̆trāle, is ( pĕnē̆tral, Macr. S. 7, 1; Symm. Ep. 2, 34), n.; usually in plur.: pĕnē̆trālĭa, ium, the inner part, interior of any thing, esp. of a building; the inside space, an inner room (mostly poet.; not in Cic. or Cæs.; cf. adytum).

Lit.

In gen.:

penetrale urbis,

Liv. 41, 20, 7:

in ipsis penetralibus (Britanniae),

Tac. Agr. 30:

apparent Priami et veterum penetralia regum,

the inner chambers, Verg. A. 2, 484:

in penetralibus regum ipsorum,

Vulg. Psa. 104, 30; so,

penetralia alta medio tecti,

Verg. A. 7, 59:

magni amnis penetralia,

Ov. M. 1, 574; Sil. 7, 501.—

In partic.

A sanctuary, esp. that of the Penates, a chapel:

penetralia sunt penatium deorum sacraria,

Fest. p. 208 Müll.:

Capitolini Tonantis,

Mart. 10, 51.—

Transf., poet., the Penates, guardian deities:

huc vittas castumque refer penetrale parentum,

Sil. 13, 62:

avi penetralia Turni,

id. 1, 668.—

Trop., an inner place, secret place, a secret (post-Aug.), Stat. S. 3, 5, 56:

loci aperire penetralia,

Quint. 6, 2, 25:

auxilia ex ipsis sapientiae penetralibus petere,

id. 12 prooem. §

3: animus secedit in loca pura... Haec eloquentiae penetralia,

Tac. Or. 12:

penetralia animi,

Ambros. in Luc. 1, 1, 12:

mentis,

id. ib. 1, 5, 105.—With esp. reference to the signif. sanctuary (v. supra, I. B.):

ut tantum intra suum penetral existimes adorandam (philosophiam),

Macr. S. 7, 1:

sanctum penetral animi tui nesciunt,

Symm. Ep. 2, 34. — Adv.: pĕnē̆trālĭter, inwardly, internally (post-class.), Ven. Vit. S. Mart. 4, 597.

prae-sĭdĕo, sēdi (praesīdi in best MSS., Tac. A. 1, 76), ēre, v. n. and a. [sedeo], to sit before or in front of.

Lit. (mostly postclass. and rare):

pro aede Capitolini Jovis praesidere,

Suet. Aug. 26.—

Transf., in time, to sit beforehand:

in cujus (Mutini) sinu nubentes praesident, ut, etc.,

Lact. 1, 20 fin. —

Trop.

To guard, watch, protect, defend.

With dat.:

ego hic tibi praesidebo,

Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 47:

ego hic restitrix praesidebo,

id. Truc. 4, 2, 5; id. Rud. 4, 4, 7:

urbi,

Cic. Phil. 13, 9, 20; Liv. 22, 11, 9; cf. id. 10, 17; 23, 32 init.; 24, 40 init.; 36, 5, 5;

38, 51, 8: Gallia, quae semper praesidet atque praesedit huic imperio libertatique communi,

Cic. Phil. 5, 13, 37:

huic urbi, atque huic imperio,

id. Sull. 31, 86.—

With acc.:

socios,

Sall. H. 2, 28 Dietsch:

agros suos,

id. ib. 3, 66:

proximum Galliae litus,

Tac. A. 4, 5:

civium manus litora oceani praesidebat,

id. ib. 4, 72.—

To preside over, to have the care or management of, to superintend, direct, command (syn. praesum).

With dat.:

ut idem ad portas urbanis praesideat rebus,

Caes. B. C. 1, 85:

Mars...praesidet armis,

Ov. F. 3, 85:

Actiacis ludis,

Suet. Tib. 6:

spectaculis,

id. Claud. 7.—

With acc.:

P. Atellio, qui Pannoniam praesidebat,

who commanded in Pannonia, Tac. A. 12, 29:

exercitum,

to command, id. ib. 3, 39.—

With in and abl.:

Metellus in agro Piceno praesidebat,

Sall. C. 57, 2.—

Absol.:

(in senatu) princeps praesidebat,

presided, Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 10.—Hence, praesĭdens, entis, P. a.; as subst.: a president, director, ruler (post-Aug. for praeses):

superbia praesidentium,

governors, Tac. A. 3, 40: praesidentium apparitores, Cod. Th. 8, 7, 13.