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Alnwick

  • 1 Alnwick

    Алник (Великобритания, Шотландия)

    Англо-русский географический словарь > Alnwick

  • 2 Buckle, William

    [br]
    b. 29 July 1794 Alnwick, Northumberland, England
    d. 30 September 1863 London, England
    [br]
    English mechanical engineer who introduced the first large screw-cutting lathe to Boulton, Watt \& Co.
    [br]
    William Buckle was the son of Thomas Buckle (1759–1849), a millwright who later assisted the 9th Earl of Dundonald (1749–1831) in his various inventions, principally machines for the manufacture of rope. Soon after the birth of William, the family moved from Alnwick to Hull, Yorkshire, where he received his education. The family again moved c.1808 to London, and William was apprenticed to Messrs Woolf \& Edwards, millwrights and engineers of Lambeth. During his apprenticeship he attended evening classes at a mechanical drawing school in Finsbury, which was then the only place of its kind in London.
    After completing his apprenticeship, he was sent by Messrs Humphrys to Memel in Prussia to establish steamboats on the rivers and lakes there under the patronage of the Prince of Hardenburg. After about four years he returned to Britain and was employed by Boulton, Watt \& Co. to install the engines in the first steam mail packet for the service between Dublin and Holyhead. He was responsible for the engines of the steamship Lightning when it was used on the visit of George IV to Ireland.
    About 1824 Buckle was engaged by Boulton, Watt \& Co. as Manager of the Soho Foundry, where he is credited with introducing the first large screw-cutting lathe. At Soho about 700 or 800 men were employed on a wide variety of engineering manufacture, including coining machinery for mints in many parts of the world, with some in 1826 for the Mint at the Soho Manufactory. In 1851, following the recommendations of a Royal Commission, the Royal Mint in London was reorganized and Buckle was asked to take the post of Assistant Coiner, the senior executive officer under the Deputy Master. This he accepted, retaining the post until the end of his life.
    At Soho, Buckle helped to establish a literary and scientific institution to provide evening classes for the apprentices and took part in the teaching. He was an original member of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, which was founded in Birmingham in January 1847, and a member of their Council from then until 1855. He contributed a number of papers in the early years, including a memoir of William Murdock whom he had known at Soho; he resigned from the Institution in 1856 after his move to London. He was an honorary member of the London Association of Foreman Engineers.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    1850, "Inventions and life of William Murdock", Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers 2 (October): 16–26.
    RTS

    Biographical history of technology > Buckle, William

  • 3 an Englishman's home is his castle

    посл.
    (an englishman's home (редк. house) is his castle)
    "дом англичанина - его крепость", англичанин у себя дома - хозяин [первонач. тк. о неприкосновенности жилища]

    ‘The neighbours don't like anything too rattling on Sundays.’ ‘Pooh,’ retorted Mr. Morison, ‘an englishman's home is his castle.’ ‘Not on Sunday,’ she replied firmly. (R. Aldington, ‘Women Must Work’, part I) — - Соседи не любят легкой музыки по воскресеньям. - Какой вздор, - сказал мистер Морисон. - Я у себя дома. Что хочу, то и делаю. - Но не по воскресеньям, - твердо заявила миссис Морисон.

    He not only demonstrates that "an englishman's home is his castle" by owning Alnwick Castle, in which all the demonstrating Stepney tenants could probably be easily accommodated. He is also the proud possessor of two other desirable residences - Syon House, Brentford, and Albury Park, Guildford. (‘Daily Worker’) — Герцог Нортумберлендский - наглядная иллюстрация пословицы "дом англичанина - его за/мок" не только потому, что владеет за/мком Алнвик, который мог бы вместить всех его арендаторов из Степни, протестующих против выселения; герцог также может с гордостью заявить, что он хозяин еще двух роскошных резиденций - Сайон-Хауса в Брентфорде и Албери-Парка в Гилдфорде.

    Large English-Russian phrasebook > an Englishman's home is his castle

  • 4 Coade, Eleanor

    [br]
    b. 24 June 1733 Exeter, Devon, England
    d. 18 November 1821 Camberwell, London, England
    [br]
    English proprietor of the Coade Factory, making artificial stone.
    [br]
    Born Elinor Coade, she never married but adopted, as was customary in business in the eighteenth century, the courtesy title of Mrs. Following the bankruptcy and death of her father, George Coade, in Exeter, Eleanor and her mother (also called Eleanor) moved to London and founded the works at Lambeth, South London, in 1769 that later became famous as the Coade factory. The factory was located at King's Arms Stairs, Narrow Wall. During the eighteenth century, several attempts had been made in other businesses to manufacture a durable, malleable artificial stone that would be acceptable to architects for decorative use. These substances were not very successful, but Coade stone was different. Although stories are legion about the secret formula supposedly used in this artificial stone, modern methods have established the exact formula.
    Coade stone was a stoneware ceramic material fired in a kiln. The body was remarkable in that it shrank only 8 per cent in drying and firing: this was achieved by using a combination of china clay, sand, crushed glass and grog (i.e. crushed and ground, previously fired stoneware). The Coade formula thus included a considerable proportion of material that, having been fired once already, was unshrinkable. Mrs Coade's name for the firm, Coade's Lithodipyra Terra-Cotta or Artificial Stone Manufactory (where "Lithodipyra" is a term derived from three Greek words meaning "stone", "twice" and "fire"), made reference to the custom of including such material (such as in Josiah Wedgwood's basalt and jasper ware). The especially low rate of shrinkage rendered the material ideal for making extra-life-size statuary, and large architectural, decorative features to be incorporated into stone buildings.
    Coade stone was widely used for such purposes by leading architects in Britain and Ireland from the 1770s until the 1830s, including Robert Adam, Sir Charles Barry, Sir William Chambers, Sir John Soane, John Nash and James Wyatt. Some architects introduced the material abroad, as far as, for example, Charles Bulfinch's United States Bank in Boston, Massachusetts, and Charles Cameron's redecoration for the Empress Catherine of the great palace Tsarkoe Selo (now Pushkin), near St Petersburg. The material so resembles stone that it is often mistaken for it, but it is so hard and resistant to weather that it retains sharpness of detail much longer than the natural substance. The many famous British buildings where Coade stone was used include the Royal Hospital, Chelsea, Carlton House and the Sir John Soane Museum (all of which are located in London), St George's Chapel at Windsor, Alnwick Castle in Northumberland, and Culzean Castle in Ayrshire, Scotland.
    Apart from the qualities of the material, the Coade firm established a high reputation for the equally fine quality of its classical statuary. Mrs Coade employed excellent craftsmen such as the sculptor John Bacon (1740–99), whose work was mass-produced by the use of moulds. One famous example which was widely reproduced was the female caryatid from the south porch of the Erechtheion on the acropolis of Athens. A drawing of this had appeared in the second edition of Stuart and Revett's Antiquities of Athens in 1789, and many copies were made from the original Coade model; Soane used them more than once, for example on the Bank of England and his own houses in London.
    Eleanor Coade was a remarkable woman, and was important and influential on the neo-classical scene. She had close and amicable relations with leading architects of the day, notably Robert Adam and James Wyatt. The Coade factory was enlarged and altered over the years, but the site was finally cleared during 1949–50 in preparation for the establishment of the 1951 Festival of Britain.
    [br]
    Further Reading
    A.Kelly, 1990, Mrs Coade's Stone, pub. in conjunction with the Georgian Group (an interesting, carefully written history; includes a detailed appendix on architects who used Coade stone and buildings where surviving work may be seen).
    DY

    Biographical history of technology > Coade, Eleanor

См. также в других словарях:

  • Alnwick — (spr. ännick), Stadt in der engl. Grafschaft Northumberland, am Aln, 8 km oberhalb dessen Mündung in die Nordsee, hat mit Canongate (1901) 6716 Einw. Dabei das berühmte Schloß A. Castle, im 12. und 14. Jahrh. entstanden, 1854 restauriert als… …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Alnwick — (spr. ännick), Stadt in der engl. Grafsch. Northumberland, am Aln oder Alne (bei dem Hafenort und Seebad Alnmouth [1891: 452 E.] in die Nordsee mündend), (1901) 6716 E.; dabei A. Castle, der Sitz des Herzogs von Northumberland, mit Park und den… …   Kleines Konversations-Lexikon

  • Alnwick — infobox UK place static static image caption = The town of Alnwick, nestling behind Alnwick Castle country = England official name= Alnwick latitude= 55.4100 longitude= 1.7054 population = 7,600 shire district= Alnwick region= North East England… …   Wikipedia

  • Alnwick — 55.4099174 1.698761 Koordinaten: 55° 25′ N, 1° 42′ W …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Alnwick — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Alnwick (homonymie). 55°24′48″N 1°42′24″O / …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Alnwick — ▪ England, United Kingdom  town, Alnwick district, administrative and historic county of Northumberland, England, on the south bank of the River Aln, between the Cheviot Hills and the sea. The town is dominated by the Norman castle, after 1309… …   Universalium

  • Alnwick — Original name in latin Alnwick Name in other language Almwick, Alnik, Alnwick, Алник State code GB Continent/City Europe/London longitude 55.41318 latitude 1.70563 altitude 62 Population 7940 Date 2011 03 03 …   Cities with a population over 1000 database

  • ALNWICK —    the county town of Northumberland, on the Aln; at the north entrance is Alnwick Castle, the seat of the Duke of Northumberland, one of the most magnificent structures of the kind in England, and during the Border wars a place of great strength …   The Nuttall Encyclopaedia

  • Alnwick Castle — is a castle and stately home in Alnwick, Northumberland, England and the residence of the Duke of Northumberland, built immediately following the Norman conquest, and renovated and remodelled a number of times. It is a Grade I listed building.… …   Wikipedia

  • Alnwick (Nouveau-Brunswick) — Alnwick Ajouter une image Administration Pays  Canada …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Alnwick/Haldimand —   Township   Township hall in Grafton Motto: The Township between the Lakes …   Wikipedia

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