-
1 BOW
(vb) luhta- (Note: a homophone means "enchant"), \#caw- (cited in source as cawin "I bow", 1st pers. aorist; in Tolkien's later conception it would be difficult to account for w in this position, and we should perhaps read *cav- with pa.t. *canwë); BOW (noun) quinga, cú (also = crescent Moon), lúva, cúnë (crescent); RAINBOW helyanwë ("sky-bridge"), Ilweran, Ilweranta (LT2:348 has iluquinga "sky-bow", but this word was obsoleted when Tolkien changed the meaning of ilu from "sky" to "universe".) BOWLEGGED quingatelco (So it is translated, but this must really be a noun: "bow-leg" [quinga + telco]. No Quenya adjectives end in –o, unless this is the only one. Read *quingatelca for "bow-legged"? Cf. one of the other words from the same source, sincahonda, changed from sincahondo in an earlier draft – but at that time Tolkien had already omitted quingatelco and hence did not change its ending: See SD:72.) –VT47:35, LT1:257, SD 68, 72, KWIG, KU3, LT1:256, LotR:1154, LT1:271 -
2 FORESIGHT
*apacen (lit. *"after-sight", a vision of something that will come after the present. In MR:216, apacenyë is translated "foresight"; yet the context and the form of the word itself clearly indicates that it is actually the pl. form of an adjective \#apacenya "of foresight". The noun "foresight" is almost certainly *apacen; cf. tercen "insight".) –MR:216 -
3 BODY
hroa (pl. hroar is attested. In MR:330, Tolkien notes that hroa is "roughly but not exactly equivalent to 'body'" [as opposed to "soul"]. Hroa is also used = "physical matter"), DEAD BODY loico (corpse); BODILY sarcuva (corporeal – this is "Qenya"); BODY-IMPULSE hroafelmë (impulses provided by the body, e.g. physical fear, hunger, thirst, sexual desire) –MR:216, 219; VT39:30/VT47:35, MC:223, LT2:347, VT41:19 cf. 13 -
4 MATTER
(basic matter:) erma; PHYSICAL MATTER orma, hroa (the latter is also used = "body"). THAT MATTER tama; CONSIDERING A MATTER, see under C. –MR:338, 218, 216, VT49:11 -
5 MIND
sáma (pl. sámar is given), sanar (“thinker, reflector”), indo (heart, mood), (inner mind:) órë (heart) (Note: a homophone means "rising"), síma (imagination), also (?) isima. MIND-MOOD inwisti –VT39:23, VT41:13, MR:216, LotR:1157, VT49:16, MR:229 -
6 NAME
(noun) essë (pl. essi is attested, but see below concerning \#esser as a possible alternative pl. form. Note: the word essë was also used in the sense "person as a whole", body and soul.) AFTER-NAME epessë (i.e., "a nickname – mostly given as a title of admiration or honour"); MOTHER-NAME (OF INSIGHT) \#amilessë (tercenya) (i.e. names given by Elvish mothers to their children, indicating some dominant feature of the nature of the child as perceived by its mother. Only pl amilessi tercenyë is attested.) NAME OF INSIGHT \#essë tercenya (i.e., the same as "mother-name"; only pl essi tercenyë is attested); GIVEN (OR ADDED) NAME anessë (pl anessi is attested. This term includes both "after-names" and "mother-names".) NAME-MAKING Essecarmë (an Eldarin seremony in which the father of a child announces its name), NAME-CHOOSING Essecilmë (an Eldarin seremony in which a person chooses a name according to his or her personal lámatyávë or sound-taste); SELF-NAME \#cilmessë (only pl. cilmessi is attested, said to mean more literally "names of personal choice": \#cilmë "choice" + essi "names". PM:339 explains that "some among the exiles gave themselves names, as disguises or in reference to their own deeds and personal history: such names were called kilmessi 'self-names'.") PLACE NAME \#nómessë (isolated from the gen. pl. form nómesseron, "of place-names", VT42:17. This word suggests that the plural of essë can be esser as well as essi). –ES/LotR:1157/MR:216, UT:266, MR:217, 214, VT42:17 (verb) esta- –ES, VT45:12 -
7 PERSON
quén (stem quen-, as in pl. queni) (one, somebody), nassë (an individual), PERSON AS A WHOLE (body + soul) essë (basically meaning "name"), erdë ("singularity". Note: a homophone means "seed, germ".) –WJ:361 cf. 360, VT49:30, MR:216 -
8 PHYSICAL MATTER
orma, hroa (also used = "body"); PHYSICAL STRENGTH tuo –MR:218, 216, TUG -
9 SINGULARITY
erdë (used in the sense "person as a whole", body and soul. Note: a homophone means "seed, germ".) –MR:216 -
10 SOUND
(verb, "to sound") lamya-; SOUND (noun) lamma (= sound in general?), hlón (evidently hlon-, pl. hloni is attested) (noise), róma (= loud sound, trumpet-sound. Note: róma also means "shoulder"), láma (according to Etym = "ringing sound, echo", but see below); SOUND OF WIND sú; SOUND-TASTE lámatyávë (pl. lámatyáver is attested), i.e., "individual pleasure in the sounds and forms of words". Tolkien seems undecided about the exact meaning of láma. Etym gives "ringing sound, echo"; in WJ:416 it is said that the stem LAMA refers "especially to vocal sounds, but was applied only to those that were confused or inarticulate. It was generally used to describe the various cries of beasts." But the word lámatyávë "sound-taste", by which an Elf chose or made a name for him/herself [see NAME-CHOOSING], seems to imply that láma can also be used of artuculated speech. –LAM, WJ:394/VT48:29, ROM, VT47:12, MR:215, 216 -
11 STRIDER
Telcontar –MR:216 -
12 THEN
tá (VT49:11); the “Qenya” form san occurring in early material (MC:216) rather looks like the dative form of sa “it” in Tolkien’s later versions of the language. Another word glossed “then”, tai, is used for “they, them” elsewhere (VT49:33).
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