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(on+grass)

  • 1 GRAS

    * * *
    n. grass, herbage, herb.
    * * *
    n. [Ulf. gras = χόρτος, λάχανον; A. S. græs and gærs; Engl. grass; Germ. gras; Swed. and Dan. gras]:—grass, herbage, opp. to wood, trees, Vsp. 3, Fm. 25, Hm. 20; hrísi ok grasi, 120; grös ok viðu, Rb. 78; fölr sem gras, Nj. 177; góðir landa-kostir at grösum ok skógum, Fs. 26; svá er sagt, at á Grænlandi eru grös góð, good pastures, Sks. 44 new Ed.; reyta gras, to pick grass, Nj. 118; þar var náliga til grass at ganga (better görs), Ld. 96; bíta gras, to graze, Grág. ii. 299; gras grær, grass grows, Edda 145 (pref.); tak af reiðinginn ok fær hestinn á gras, Sturl. iii. 114; þú ætlaðir mik þat lítilmenni at ek munda hirða hvar hestar þínir bitu gras, Fs. 57; þar þótti Grelöðu hunangs-ilmr ór grasi, Landn. 140: vegetation, in such phrases as, þar sem mætist gras ok fjara, grass and beach, Dipl. iii. 11: the grassy earth, opp. to a wilderness or the sea, þat var í ofanverðum grösum, high up, near the wilderness, Dropl. 33; allt austr undir jökla sem grös eru vaxin, Landn. 65:—phrases, hníga í gras, to bite the dust, Ísl. ii. 366; mun ek hafa mann fyrir mik áðr ek hníga at grasi, Njarð. 378; lúta í gras, id., Fbr. 90 new Ed.; heyra gras gróa, to hear the grass grow (of the god Heimdal), cp. Edda 17: sugared language is said to make the grass grow, við hvert orð þótti grös gróa, Clar.; þau vóru orðin, at gróa þóttu grösin við, Mirm.: ganga eptir e-m með grasið í skónum, to go after one with grass in one’s shoes, i. e. to beg hard, intercede meekly with one who is cross and angry.
    2. a herb, a kind of grass; ek hefi þat eitt gras, etc., Fms. ix. 282; af grasi því er vér köllum hvann-njóla, x. 336: esp. in plur. herbs with healing powers, þau grös sem mandragore heita, Stj. 175; afl dauðfærandi grasa, Johann. 26; með góðum grösum, Blas. 43; ilmuð grös, sweet herbs, Bb. 2. 20; tína grös, to clean grass, pick the moss clean:—botan. in plur., Iceland moss, Jb. 310; and in composition, brönu-grös, mandrake; esp. of lichens, fjalla-grös, fell lichen, Lichen Islandicus; fjöru-grös, seaweeds, sea-wrack; Gvendar-grös, id.; Mariu-grös, lichen nivalis; Munda-grös, lichen coacervatus edilis; trölla-grös, lichen albus.
    COMPDS: grasafjall, grasafó1k, grasagrautr, grasaleit, grasamjólk, grasapoki.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > GRAS

  • 2 jurt af grasaætt

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  • 3 loðinn

    a.
    1) hairy, shaggy, woolly; ær loðnar ok lembdar, ewes in fleece and with lamb; l. sem selr, shaggy as a seal;
    2) covered with thick grass (túnit var úslegit ok gekk hestrinn þangat sem loðnast var).
    * * *
    part. shaggy, thick, of a fleece, as also of a field, crop of grass; loðin sem dýr, Al. 171; loðin sem selr, Fb. ii. 26; Loppa með loðna skó, Ísl. Þjóðs.; ær loðnar ok lembdar, ewes in fleece and with lamb, Grág. i. 502, Bs. i. 334, passim: of grass, túnit var úslegit ok gékk hestrinn þangat sem loðnast var, Grett. 107; var taðan svá loðin, at …, Finnb. 340, Stj. 258, Fb. i. 522; á grasi þóat loðit væri, Fms. ii. 278; kaf-loðinn, very shaggy or thick, of grass.
    COMPDS: loðinfingra, loðinhöfði, loðinkinni.
    II. in pr. names, Loðinn, Fms.; Loð-höttr, Loð-mundr, Landn.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > loðinn

  • 4 MELR

    (-s, -ar), m.
    2) sand-bank, gravel-bank.
    * * *
    m., pl. melar, a kind of wild oats, esp. bent-grass, arundo arenaria, growing in sandy soil; it is esp. found in Skaptafells-sýsla and in Mýra-sýsla (near to Hitarnes and Akrar), cp. Bjarn. 22, which probably refers to cutting this grass, cp. Eggert Itin. §§ 490, 813; þeir leiddu hesta sína undir melbakka ok skáru fyrir þá melinn at þeir dæi eigi af sulti, Nj. 265; átta tigir mels í Hátuninga mcl, D. I. i. 199.
    II. a sand-hill grown with bent-grass (such hills are called dunes or denes in E. Anglia, links on the N. E. coast); then, generally, a sand-bank, whether overgrown or bare; ríða eptir melunum, fram melana; á melunum með ánni; þar eru melar brattir ok lausgrýttir, … ok hrundu þeim af melunum, Glúm. 394, 395; ok er hann kom á mela þá … þá settisk hann á melinn … þá hratt Lambi honum fyrir melinn ofan á sandinn, Eg. 746, 748; ganga fram á mel nokkurn, Ld. 62; þá ríðr hann undir melinn, Gísl. 19; á sandmel þeim er þar verðr, Ó. H. 226; þar sem sandmelar tveir rauðir stóðu, … undir enum syðra melnum, Landn. 77, Gísl. 23.
    III. freq. in Icel. local names, Melr, Melar, Mela-hverfi, Mela-sveit, whence Mela-menn or Mel-menn (Nj. 151), Rauði-melr; Rauðmelingar, the men from Mel and R., Landn.
    COMPDS: melasól, melbakki, meldýna, melgras, melkarl, melrakki, melrakkabelgr, melrakkaveiðr, Melrakka-dalr, -nes, -slétta, Landn., Fbr., melteigr, meltorfa.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > MELR

  • 5 FÖLR

    (acc. -van), a. pale; f. sem aska (gras, nár), pale as ashes (grass, a corpse).
    * * *
    adj., old forms fölvan, fölvir, etc.; in mod. usage the v is left out, fölan, fölir, etc.; [A. S. fealo; O. H. G. falo; Old Engl. fallow; Dutch vaal; Germ. fahl and falb; cp. Lat. pallidus, Gr. πολιός]:—pale; fölr sem grass, pale as grass, Nj. 177; hann görði fölvan í andliti, Glúm. 342; fölr sem nár, pale as a corpse, Fb. ii. 136; fölr sem aska, pale as ashes, Þiðr. 171, 177: poët., fölvir oddar, the pale sword’s point, Hkv. 1. 52; fölr hestr, a pale horse (but rare), 2. 47; net-fölr, pale-nebbed, Am.; fölr um nasar, id., Alm. 2; ná-fölr, pale as a corpse.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > FÖLR

  • 6 sina

    f.
    1) = sin;
    * * *
    u, f. [Norse sen-gras], withered grass which has stood the winter through, Grág. ii. 233, 291: in the phrase, sem eldr í sinu, like fire in dry grass; flaug þat sem sinu-eldr allt austr til lands-enda, Hkr. i. 126: freq. in mod. usage, fúa-sina.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > sina

  • 7 BLAÐ

    n.
    3) blade of a knife (knífsblað), of an oar (árarblað);
    4) skirt of a kirtle, shirt, cloak (kyrtilblað, skyrtublað, feldarblað).
    * * *
    n. [A. S. bläd; Germ. blatt; Hel. blad. Ulf. renders the Gr. φύλλον by laufs, Engl. leaf, Icel. lauf. The Engl. say a blade of grass or corn, a leaf of a tree; and so, in Icel., herbs or plants have blað, trees lauf]:—a leaf; blöð þess grass er … heitir, Pr. 472; blöð á lauk, Hervar. S. (in a verse): metaph. a veil, svá er mér sem hangi b. fyrir auga, Fms. iii. 126.
    2. of leaf-like objects, a leaf in a book, Germ. blatt, (never lauf, cp. blaðsiða, u, f. a page), Rb. 210, Ísl. ii. 460: of a painted diptych or the like, þar eru blöð tvau pentuð, Pm. 103.
    β. the skirt of a kirtle (skaut), Stj. 481, Eb. 226, Orkn. 474: Icel. now say kjól-laf, the skirt of a coat.
    γ. a blade, in various connections: the flat part of a thing, the blade of an oar, árar-blað, N. G. L. i. 59: of a rudder, Fms. ix. 503; knífs-bíað, the blade of a knife, Bs. i. 385: a sword’s blade is in mod. usage called ‘blað,’ but in old writers brandr; spón-blað, the mouth-piece of a spoon; herðar-blað, the shoulder-blade, etc. Botan., blaðka, u, f., e. g. horblaðka, menyanthes: hófblaðka, caltha palustris; but rjúpnalauf, dryas, Hjalt.: blaðkr, m. in eyrna-blaðkr, ear-lap.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > BLAÐ

  • 8 grasa-poki

    a, m. a grass-poke, of Iceland moss. ☞ In derivative compds, blá-gresi, geranium; star-gresi, sedge; íll-gresi, evil grass, weeds; blóm-gresi, flowers, etc.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > grasa-poki

  • 9 gras-geiri

    a, m. a grass goar, strip of grass.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > gras-geiri

  • 10 gras-kyn

    n. grass kind, the species ‘grass,’ Stj. 389.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > gras-kyn

  • 11 gras-lægr

    adj. lying in the grass, touching the grass, Hkr. i. 293, (of a ship’s keel); a scythe is called graslægr, if it cuts too close.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > gras-lægr

  • 12 GRÓA

    (grœr, greri, gróinn), v.
    1) to grow (of vegetation); jörð grœr, earth grows; þá var grund gróin grœnum lauki, the ground was covered with green herbs;
    2) to grow together, become joined to (höfuð konungs var gróit við bolinn);
    3) of wounds, to be healed (sár hans greru seint); Ingólfr lá í sárum vetr þenna, ok greri yfir at kalla, his wounds were healed in a way; of the person, gróinn sára sinna, healed of one’s wounds; g. um heilt, to be quite healed; fig. to be reconciled (grœr um heilt með þeim).
    * * *
    greri, gróinn, pres. græ (grœ), [A. S. growan; Engl. grow; Swed. gro; Dan. groe; cp. Lat. cre-scere, crev-i]:—to grow:
    I. of grass, trees, vegetation; þá var grund gróin grœnum lauki, Vsp. 4; viði gróin, grown with wood (of the earth), Edda 65 (in a verse); jörð grær, the earth grows, Eg. (in a verse), Ísl. ii. 381; gras grær, grass grows; gróandi grös, Sks. 728 B; þá grær gras á þeirri moldu er efst er á jörðunni, Edda 145 (pref.); gróa ok ávaxtask (of the earth), Stj. 38: absol. to grow, þann vetr var veðrátta góð, ok greyri snemma um várit, the winter was mild, and early crops in the spring, Fms. ii. 244; er íllu korni niðr sáð, enda mun íllt af gróa, Nj. 174.
    II. to grow together, to close; var einart þak á húsinu ok ekki gróit, a fresh thatch (of turf) and not yet set, Ld. 280; en um morguninn var hann gróinn aptr sem áðr, the opening (in a cairn) had grown together as before, Bárð. 180; ok æ sem annarr grær (unites, joins to) við meginland, þá kemr annarr hólmi í, Sks. 94; höfuð konungsins var gróit við bolinn, Nj. 275.
    2. to be healed, of wounds; sár hans gréru seint, Korm. 130; tóku sár Þórólfs at gróa, Eg. 34; þat sár greri svá, at …, Fs. 153; en hann lá lengi í sárum ok greri seint, ok rifnuðu aptr þá er gróin vóru, Gullþ. 31: cp. the saying, betra heilt en gróit, better hale than healed: absol., ok greyri þegar fyrir stúfinn, Nj. 275; grær fyrir tungu-stúfinn, Fms. v. 152; Íngólfr lá í sárum vetr þenna, ok greri yfir at kalla, Ingolf’s wounds were outwardly healed, Fs. 67: mod. gen., gróinn sára sinna, healed of one’s wounds, Fms. iv. 164, Grett, 82: the phrase, gróa um heilt, to be quite healed; þá skera þeir af grandit allt at um heilt megi gróa, Al. 120: metaph. to be reconciled, at um heilt mætti gróa með þeim, Fms. xi. 57; héðan frá greri aldrei um heilt með þeim Glúmi ok Esphælingum, Glúm. 348.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > GRÓA

  • 13 HAGI

    m. pasture, field for grazing;
    var hestum hagi fenginn, the horses were put out to grass.
    * * *
    a, m. [A. S. haga = a fence; Dan. have = a garden; Swed. hage; North. E. hag; Engl. hedge; cp. Old Engl. hay, Hayes as local names; the word still remains as an appellative in haw-thorn = hedge-thorn; haw-haw = a sunk fence]:—a pasture, prop. a ‘hedged field,’ Grág. ii. 227, Nj. 33, Fms. vii. 54, Ísl. ii. 330, Karl. 133; var hestum hagi fenginn, the horses were put out to grass, Fb. ii. 340; fjár-hagi, sauð-hagi, sheep pasture; fjall-hagar, fell pastures; heima-hagar, home pastures; út-hagi, out pasture (far from the farm); Icel. distinguish between tún and engjar for haymaking, and hagar for grazing.
    COMPDS: hagabeit, hagaganga, hagagarðr, Hagaland, hagaspakr.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > HAGI

  • 14 HNÍGA

    (hníg; hné and hneig, hnigum; hniginn), v.
    1) to fall gently, sink down (hné Guðrún höll við bólstri); h. at armi e-m, to sink into one’s arms;
    2) to flow (hnigu heilög vötn af himinfjöllum);
    3) to sink down, fall dead (= h. at velli); h. at grasi, í gras, to bite the grass;
    4) to incline, turn; eigi mátti sjá hvernig h. mundi, which way the scale would turn (in a battle);
    5) h. til e-s, to turn towards (var jafnan þeirra hlutr betri, er til hans hnigu); h. til liðs, hjálpar við e-n, to side with one pp., hniginn, advanced (stricken) in years, = h. á aldr, h. at aldri; of a door, shut; var hurð hnigin, the door was down; hurð hnigin á hálfa gátt, á miðjan klofa, half shut, half down.
    * * *
    pres. hníg; pret. hné, hnétt, hné, pl. hnigu; sing. hneig is very rare in old vellum, e. g. Sks. 112, Fms. vi. 280, viii. 21, Mork. 60, Fb. i. 106, Ó. H. 89, else always hné, as also in mod. poets—Jesú blóð hér til jarða hné | jörðin aptur svo blessuð sé, Pass. 3. 10; part. hniginn: with neg. suff., pret. hnék-at, Og. 11; pres. hnígr-a, Hm. 159, Eg. (in a verse); [Ulf. hneivan = κλίνειν, Luke ix. 12; A. S. hnîgan, pret. hnâh; O. H. G. hnîgan; cp. hneig-ja]:—to bow down, sink, fall gently; of a stream, the sun, a felled tree, a dying man, etc., heilög vötn hnigu af fjöllum, Hkv. 1. 1; fóru þar til er vötn hnigu til vestr-ættar af fjöllum, Orkn. 4; tré tekr at hníga ef höggr tág undan, Am. 56: to sink, fall dead, h. at velli, Hkv. 2. 8; Baldr er hné við bana-þúfu, Hdl.; Hamðir hné at húsbaki, Hðm. 32; hnígra sá halr fyrir hjörum, Hm. 159, Skm. 25, Hkm., Nj. 191; hniginn fyrir oddum, Darr.; hniginn í hadd jarðar, Bm.; hné hans um dólgr til hluta tveggja, hendr ok höfuð hné á annan veg, Skv. 3. 23; ok kvað annan-hvárn verða at h. fyrir öðrum, Ísl. ii. 263; sinn veg hné hvárr þeirra af húsmæninum, 195; síðan hné hann aptr ok var þá dauðr, Ó. H. 223; þá hné (hneig Ed.) hann á bak aptr ok var þá andaðr, Lv. 70; Hjálmarr hnígr at (þúfunni) upp, Fas. ii. 216; þá hné hann aptr ok sprakk af harmi, i. 357 (Fb. i. 106); hné margr maðr fyrir honum ok lét sitt líf, Fb. i. 193: the phrase, hníga at velli, h. í gras, h. at grasi, to sink to the ground, bite the grass, Hkv. 2. 8; áðr en ek hníga í gras, Ísl. ii. 366; mann mun ek hafa fyrir mik áðr ek hníg at grasi, Njarð. 378; mannfólkit greipsk í bráða-sótt, svá at innan fárra nátta hnigu ( died) sjau menn, Bs. ii. 35; Einarr sat svá at hann hneig upp at dýnunum, ok var þá sofnaðr, Fms. vi. 280, (hneg, Mork. 60, l. c.); hann hné niðr höfði sínu, he drooped with his head, Karl. 489; þá hné Guðrún höll við bólstri, G. sank back in the bed, Gkv. 1. 15.
    2. poët.,
    α. of ships, to rise and fall, toss on the waves; skip hnigu um lög, Lex. Poët., Fms. vi. (in a verse).
    β. hníga at rúnum, Gkv. 3. 4; h. at armi e-m, to sink into his arms, Hkv. 2. 23.
    3. with prepp.; h. til e-s, to swerve towards; þeim er hníga vilja til hans vináttu, Fms. viii. 239; sá er yður þjónosta hneig til, whom you served, 21; var jafnan þeirra hlutr betri er til hans hnigu, 47, vi. 414; ok því á hann heldr til vár at hníga en yðar, Stj. 540; allir konungar þeirra landa hnigu undir hans vald, 560: to bow down, pay homage to another, allir menn er þar vóru hnigu þeim manni, Eb. 330; Emundr gekk fyrir hann ok hneig honum ok kvaddi hann, Ó. H. 85; hinir hæstu turnar hafa nú numit honum at hníga, Al. 90; hann hnígr ( yields) eigi fyrir blíðu né stríðu, 625. 95.
    II. metaph., h. til liðs, hjálpar við e-n, to side with one; þessir hnigu allir til liðs við Karl inn Rauða, Lv. 137; hnékat ek af því til hjálpar þér, Og. 11; hneig mikill fjölði engla til hans, Sks. 112 new Ed.: to incline, turn, of a scale in the balance, þá hnígr mannfallit í þeirra lið, of a battle, Al. 134; ok var þat lengi at eigi mátti sjá hvernig hníga myndi, which way the scale would turn (in a battle), Orkn. 70, 148; hnígr nú sýnt á Frankismenn, the day turns visibly against the F., Karl. 193.
    III. part. act., at hníganda degi, at the fall of day, Sks. 40; vera hnígandi, to be failing, on the decline, Karl. 162; með hníganda yfirbragði, with a falling, drooping face, 542.
    2. pass. hniginn, stricken in years; Þorsteinn var þá hniginn, Ld. 24; mjök h., well stricken in years, Fms. ix. 501; hann görðisk þá heldr hniginn at aldri, Eg. 187; hniginn á aldr, id., Orkn. 216, 346; h. í efra aldr, Fb. i. 346.
    β. of a door, shut; the word hnigin shews that in olden times the door was shut up and down, as windows at the present time, and not moved on hinges; var hurð hnigin, Rm. 23; hnigin á gátt, sunk in the groove, Gísl. 16; h. á hálfa gátt, half shut, half down the groove; hurð h. á miðjan klofa, id., Fms. iii. 74; h. eigi allt í klofa, 125; hnigin er helgrind, Fas. i. (in a verse).

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > HNÍGA

  • 15 HÖGGVA

    * * *
    (høgg; hjó, hjoggum or hjuggum; höggvinn and högginn), v.
    1) to strike, smite (with a sharp weapon);
    høggr sá, er hlífa skyldi, he strikes who ought to shield;
    höggva sverði (or með sverði), to strike with a sword;
    höggva e-n bana-högg, to give one his deathblow;
    2) to cut down, destroy (þeir hjoggu drekann mjök);
    3) to put to death, behead (suma lét hann hengja eða höggva);
    to kill, slaughter (höggva hest, búfé, kýr, naut);
    4) to fell trees (hann hefir höggvit í skógi mínum);
    5) to strike, bite (of a snake, boar);
    ormrinn hjó hann til bana, the snake struck him dead;
    6) with preps.:
    höggva e-t af, to hew or cut off (höggva af kampa ok skegg);
    höggva e-t af sér, to ward of;
    höggva eptir e-m, to cut at one, = höggva til e-s (hjá eptir honum með sverði);
    höggva í höfuð e-m, to give one a blow on the head;
    höggva e-t niðr, to cut down (var merki hans niðr höggvit);
    to kill, butcher (I. hefir áðr niðr höggvit brœðr sína tvá);
    höggva e-t ór, to cut out;
    fig. to make even, smooth (láta konung ok erkibisup ór höggva slíkar greinir);
    höggva e-t í sundr, to hew asunder;
    höggva til e-s, to strike (cut) at one, = höggva eptir e-m;
    höggva upp tré, to cut down a tree;
    höggva upp skip, to break a ship up;
    7) refl. to be cut, hacked (hjást skjöldr Helga);
    þótti honum nú taka mjök um at höggvast, things looked hard;
    recipr., to exchange blows, fight (þeir hjuggust nökkura stund).
    * * *
    also spelt heyggva, Sæm. (Kb.); pres. höggr, mod. also heggr; pl. höggum, mod. höggvum; pret. hjó, hjótt, hjó, mod. hjó, hjóst, hjó; pl. hjoggum and hjuggum, mod. only the latter form; a Norse pret. hjoggi = hjó, D. N. ii. 331; pret. subj. hjöggi and heyggi, mod. hjyggi; part. högginn, mod. but less correct, höggvinn, which also is freq. in the Editions; but in the MSS. usually abbreviated, högḡ, höggͭ, = högginn, höggit: [not recorded in Ulf.; A. S. heawan; Engl. hew, hack; Hel. hauwan; O. H. G. houwan; Germ. hauen; Dan. hugge; Swed. hugga]:—höggva denotes to strike with an edged tool, slá and drepa with a blunt one:
    1. to strike, smite with a sharp weapon; höggr sá er hlífa skyldi, he strikes who ought to shield, a saying: to deal blows with a weapon, hann görði ymist hjó eða lagði, Nj. 8; hann hjó títt ok hart, passim; höggva báðum höndum, 29; h. sverði, öxi, strike with, i. e. to brandish, a sword, axe, Fms. v. 168, Gs. 6; h. til e-s, to deal a blow to one, smite, Grág. ii. 7, Al. 78; h. e-n bana-högg, to smite with a deathblow, Eg. 220: to cut down, destroy, þeir hjuggu drekann mjök, Fms. vii. 249: to maim, ef maðr höggr hund eða björn til háðungar manni, Grág. ii. 121; h. rauf á hjálmi, Al. 78: the phrases, h. sik í lends manns rétt, Fms. ix. 399: spec. phrases, höggðú allra manna armastr, nú hjóttu Noreg ór hendi mér! Ek þóttumk nú Noreg í hönd þér höggva, Ó. H. 184.
    2. to put to death, behead, Fms. vii. 250, 251, xi. 148–152: to kill, högg þú hestinn, Nj. 92: to kill cattle, slaughter, h. bú, búfé, kýr, geitr, naut, Landn. 293, Eg. 532, Fms. vi. 95, xi. 123, Fb. i. 186: höggva strandhögg, Eg. 81.
    3. to fell trees; höggva skög, Grág. ii. 294; h. keyrivönd, id.: absol., hann hefir höggit í skógi mínum, Nj. 98, passim: to cut grass (rarely), ef maðr höggr hey á hlut annars manns, N. G. L. ii. 112; upp höggvit gras, cut grass, Dipl. iv. 9, Jm. 7, (else always slá of mowing.)
    4. to bite, of snakes (högg-ormr); Miðgarðsormr hjó hann til bana, Edda 155; naðran hjó fyrir flagbrjóskat, 76: of a wound from a boar’s tusk, ef svín höggr mann, Gþl. 190: the phrase, h. hest sporum, to prick a horse with the spur, Mag. 9.
    II. with prepp.; höggva af, to hew or cut off; h. af kampa ok skegg, to cut off the beard, K. Þ. K.; h. af lim, Sks. 555; to kill, slaughter, h. af fé, Ld. 64; höggva af sér, to parry off, Fms. v. 13:—h. niðr, to cut down, i. 38; to kill, butcher, vii. 261, Orkn. 120; hjuggu þeir niðr mungát sitt (by cutting casks to pieces), Fms. vii. 249:—h. upp, to cut down a tree, Greg. 48, Matth. iii. 10; h. upp skip, to break a ship up, Fms. iii. 228, ix. 381; h. upp hús, to break a house up, viii. 166:—h. ór, to cut out, metaph. to make even; vóru margar greinir þær er ór þurfti at h. milli biskups ok leikmanna, Bs. i. 751; láta konung ok erkibiskup ór h. ( smooth) sagðar greinir, 773.
    III. reflex. to be cut, hacked; hjósk skjöldr Helga, Dropl. 24.
    2. recipr. to exchange blows, fight; þeir hjuggusk nokkura stund, Háv. 56; þeir h. til í ákafa, Bret. 74.
    3. metaph., höggvask í mitt mál, to begin abruptly, in the middle of a sentence; taka heldr at upphafi til, en höggvask í mitt mál, Landn. 275, v. l.; ef enn höggsk nokkurr í ok mælir svá, cuts in, objects, Skálda 168: þótti honum nú taka mjök um at höggvask, things looked hard, Grett. 142; þótti honum hart um höggvask, Bs. i. 423.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > HÖGGVA

  • 16 leg

    * * *
    * * *
    n. [liggja], a burial-place, K. Þ. K. 28, Nj. 281, Fms. vii. 251:—the ‘lie,’ position of a county, lands-leg: of grass, liggja í leg, to be laid, of overgrown grass: liggja í leg, to lie waste, of land, Grág. ii. 279; leggja í leg, to desert a farm, 278.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > leg

  • 17 LJÁ

    I)
    (lé, léða, léðr), v.
    1) l. e-m e-s or e-m e-t, to lend one a thing (muntu mér, Freyja, fjaðrhams ljá?; bað hann ljá sér skip);
    2) to grant, give (vil ek, at þú ljáir mér tómstundar til at finna Gizur); l. sik til e-s, to lend oneself to a thing (ef hann vill sik til þess l. at gera yðr mein);
    3) impers., þat má vera, (at) þér ljái þess hugar at hverfa aptr, may be thou art minded to return; ef þér lér tveggja huga um þetta mál, if thou art in two minds in this matter.
    f. new-mown grass (kona hans rakaði ljá eptir honum).
    dat. and acc. from lé, scythe.
    * * *
    1.
    pres. lé, lér, mod. ljæ, ljær, pl. ljúm; pret. léði; pres. subj. lé (Blanda MS.), ljái, Nj. 77, Gg. 11, and mod.: the part. lénir (pl.), Fms. viii. (pref. xxv), is a relic of a lost strong inflexion; in mod. usage léðr; imperat. lé, 656 C. 35; mod. ljá or ljáðu: [Ulf. leiwan, a redupl. strong verb = δανείζειν, Matth. v. 42, Luke vi. 34; A. S. and O. H. G. lihan; Germ. leihen; cp. Icel. lán, lána, lén]:—to lend, with gen. of the thing, dat. of the person, but later with acc. of the thing; muntú mér, Freyja, fjaðrhams ljá? Þkv. 3; Óðinn léði Dag (dat.) geirs síns, Sæm. 114; ok ljái (subj., better lé) þér æ friðdrjúgrar farar, Gg. 11; nú hjálpi oss Guð, ok lé oss tóms at bæta syndir várar, Blanda (MS.); hón léði honum megin-gjarða ok járngreipa, Edda 60 (Cod. Worm.); þá léði hann Þórgesti setstokka (gen. pl.), Landn. 104; ef menn ljá göngu-mönnum fjár síns, Grág. i. 262.: ljá öðrum marks, ii. 304; ljá ambáttar, id.; ef maðr lér manni skips, 394; þeir léðu honum hesta (gen. pl.), Ld. 136; sá er skyldr at ljá skips er beðinn er, K. Þ. K. 8; lé þú mér höfuðdúks þíns, Post. 656, l. c.; at þú ljáir mér tómstundar, Nj. 77; Ingimundr lér þeim Stíganda (gen.?), Fs. 30.
    2. metaph. to grant, allow; þeir ljá honum lífs, en engrar annarrar miskunnar, Hom. 119; er nú lér hann vándum mönnum at ganga yfir oss, Fms. vii. 262; þeim var grunr á, at þó mundi hafðir, þótt eigi væri lénir, viii. (pref. xxv); en annarr hafi léð, Grág. i. 437; þeir báðu sér skips, þeim var léð þegar, Nj. 20; hann kvaðsk hafa léð honum en eigi gefit, Eb. 168.
    3. later, with acc. of the thing, and so in mod. usage; ef hann vill sik til þess ljá, Hkr. i. 212;. hann lér sitt góða á frest, H. E. i. 519; sem Guð læir (i. e. lér) honum framast vit til, Js. 5, Fms. vi. 144, viii. 71, Karl. 247, Gísl. 19; hann lér þeim hestana, id.
    II. impers., þat má vera þér ljái þess hugar at hverfa aptr, may be thou art minded to return, Þorst. Síðu H 176; ef þér lér tveggja huga um þetta mál, if you are of two minds in this matter, Odd. 112 new Ed.; ok lér mér þess hugar, I ween, Fms xi. 96 (emend, for hlær mér hugr).
    III. reflex. ljásk, to lend oneself to a thing, Gþl. 216.
    2.
    f. [lé; East Angl. lay], the mown grass in a field: kona hans rakaði ljá eptir honum, ok bar reifa-barn á baki sér, Bs. i. 666; Stórólfr sendi griðkonur sínar at raka ljána eptir Ormi, Fb. i. 522, freq. in mod. usage.
    II. Ljá, the name of a river in western Iceland, whence Ljár-skógar, m. pl., Landn., but this local name is prob. of Gaelic origin, cp. Engl. Lea, Lee.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > LJÁ

  • 18 MURA

    f. silver-weed, goose grass.
    * * *
    u, f. goose-grass, silver-weed, potentilla anserina, Fms. xi. 289, Hjalt.; áttu börn ok buru grófu rætr og muru, Maurer’s Volks.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > MURA

  • 19 SLÁ

    * * *
    I)
    (slæ; sló, slógum; sleginn; pret. also sleri), v.
    1) to smite, strike (slá e-n högg, kinnhest);
    2) slá hörpu, fiðlu, to strike the harp, fiddle;
    slá leik, to strike up, begin, a game;
    slá vef, to strike the web, to weave;
    3) to hammer, forge (slá gull, silfr, sverð);
    slá e-t e-u, to mount with (járnum sleginn);
    4) to cut grass, mow (slá hey, töðu, tún, eng);
    5) to slay, kill (síns bróður sló hann handbana);
    6) fig., slá kaupi, to strike a bargain;
    slá máli í sátt, to refer a matter to arbitration;
    slá hring um, to surround;
    slá manngarð, mannhring, to form a ring of men round;
    slá eldi í e-t, to set fire to;
    slá landtjöldum, to pitch a tent, or also, to strike a tent, take it down;
    slá festum, to unmoor a ship;
    slá netjum, to put out the nets;
    slá hundum lausum, to slip the hounds;
    7) with preps.:
    slá e-t af, to cut off;
    slá e-n af, to kill, slaughter;
    slá á e-t, to take to a thing;
    slá á glens ok glúmur, to take to play and sport;
    slá e-u á sik, to take upon one-self;
    slá á sik sótt, to feign illness;
    slá á sik úlfúð, to show anger or ill-will;
    ekki skaltu slíku á þik slá, do not betake thyself to that;
    impers., sló á hann hlátri, he was taken with a fit of laughter;
    sló ótta á marga, many were seized with fear;
    því slær á, at, it so happens that;
    ljóssi sleri (= sló) fyrir hann, a light flashed upon him;
    slá í deilu, to begin quarrelling (eitt kveld, er þeir drukku, slógu þeir í deilu mikla);
    impers., slær í e-t, it arises;
    slær þegar í bardaga, it came to a fight;
    slá niðr e-u, to put an end to;
    nú er niðr slegit allri vináttu, now there is an end to all friendship;
    slá sér niðr, to lie down, take to one’s bed;
    slá e-n niðr, to kill;
    slá e-u saman, to join (þeir slá þá saman öllu liðinu í eina fylking);
    slá til e-s, to aim a blow at one, strike at one;
    slá undan höfuð-bendunum, to slacken the stays;
    slá e-u upp, to spread a report;
    slá upp herópi, to raise the war-cry;
    impers., loganum sló upp ór keröldunum, the flame burst out of the vessels;
    slá út e-u, to pour out (þá er full er mundlaugin, gengr hón ok slær út eitrinu);
    slá e-u við, to take into use (þá var slegit við öllum búnaði);
    slá við segli, to spread the sail;
    ek hefi þó náliga öllu við slegit, því er ek hefi í minni fest, I have put forth almost all that I recollected;
    slá beizli við hest, to put a bridle on a horse;
    e-u slær yfir, it comes over, arises (slær yfir þoku svá myrkri, at engi þeirra sá annan);
    8) refl., slást;
    (sláða, sláðr), v. to bar (hliðit var slát rammliga).
    (pl. slár), f. bar, bolt, cross-beam (slá ein var um þvert skipit).
    * * *
    pres. slæ, slær, slær; pl. slám (m. sláum), sláið, slá: pret. sló, slótt, slóttú (mod. slóst, slóstu), sló; pl. slógu (slósk = slógusk, Sturl. ii. 208 C): subj. slægi: imperat. slá, sláðú: part. sleginn: a pret. sleri or slöri occurs as a provincialism in the old vellum Ágrip—sløru, Fms. x. 403; sleri, 394; slæri, i. e. slöri, 379: [Ulf. slahan = τύπτειν, παίειν; A. S. sleân, slæge; Engl. slay; Dan.-Swed. slaa; O. H. G. slahan; Germ. schlagen.]
    A. To smite, strike, Dropl. 13; slá með steini, Fms. viii. 388; slá e-n til bana, ii. 183; slá e-n högg, kinnhest, i. 150, ix. 469, 522, Ld. 134; slá knött, Vígl. 24; slá til e-s, to strike at one, Finnb. 306, Sturl. ii. 24 C; slá í höfuð e-m, Fms. v. 173.
    2. slá hörpu, fiðlu, to strike the harp, fiddle, Vsp. 34, Fdda 76, Am. 62, Bs. i. 155, Fb. i. 348, Fms. vii. 356 (in a verse), Sks. 704, Grett. 168 (hörpu-sláttr); slá hljóðfæri, Fms, iii. 184; slá slag, to strike up a tune; hann sló þann slag, … sló hann þá Gýgjar-slag… þann streng er hann hafði ekki fyrr slegit, Fas. iii. 222, 223, cp. drápa and drepa: slá leik, to strike up for a dance or game to begin, hann sá at leikr var sleginn skamt frá garði, Sturl. ii. 190; so in embroidery (see borð), slá danz, 117, Karl. 52: slá eld, to strike fire, Fms. ix. 234: slá vef, to strike the loom, in weaving, xi. 49, Darr.; slá borða, Fas. i. 193, 205.
    3. to hammer, forge; slá hamri, Vkv. 18; slá sverð, Þiðr. 21; slá þvertré af silfri í hofit, Landn. 313; slá saum, Fms. ii. 218, ix. 377, Stj. 451; hann sló gull rautt, Vkv. 5; slá herspora, Fms. vii. 183; sleginn fram broddr ferstrendr, Eg. 285; slá öxar eða gref, Stj. 451: to mount, járnum sleginn, Fms. v. 339, Fas. iii. 574: to strike off, of coin.
    4. to mow, cut grass; slegin tún, Nj. 112; þrælar níu slógu hey, Edda 48; ek mun láta bera út ljá í dag ok slá undir sem mest … slá töðu, Eb. 150, Fb. i. 522; slá teig þann er heitir Gullteigr, Ísl. ii. 344; slá afrétt, Grág. ii. 303; slá eng, 281, Gþl. 360: absol., þeir slóu (sic) allir í skyrtum, Ísl. ii. 349, Grág. ii. 281.
    5. to slay, smite, kill, Stj. passim, but little used in classical writings, where drepa is the word; sverði sleginn, 656 C. 4; slá af, to slay. Bs. ii. 56, 89, Stj. 183; slá af hest, to kill a horse, send it to the knacker: to smite with sickness, slá með likþrá, blindleik, blindi, Stj.; harmi sleginn, Fms. iii. 11.
    II. metaph. phrases; slá kaupi, to strike a bargain, Ld. 30, Fms. ii. 80; slá máli í sátt, to put it to arbitration, Fms. x. 403; slá kaupi saman, Fb. ii. 79: slá fylking, to dress up a line of battle, Fms. viii. 408; slá öllu fólki í mannhringa, x. 229; slá hring um, to surround, Nj. 275. Fas. ii. 523; slá manngarð, mannhring, to form a ring of men round, Eg. 80, 88, Fms. viii. 67, x. 229; eldi um sleginn, Sól.: slá í lás, to slam, lock, Sturl. i. 63: slá eldi í, to set fire to, Fms. vii. 83, xi. 420, Hdl. 47; slá beisli við hest, to put a bridle in a horse’s mouth. Fas. ii. 508: slá landtjöldum, to pitch a tent, Eg. 291, Fms. ii. 264; or also, to strike a tent, take it down, Fær. 147; slá landtjalds-stöngunum, to loosen them, Hkr. i. 26; slá festum, to unmoor a ship, ii. 222, Fms. viii. 288, 379; slá undan höfuð-bendunum, to slacken the stays, Al. 67; slá netjum, to put out the nets. Bs. ii. 145; slá hundum (or slá hundum lausum, Fms. ii. 174, x. 326), to slip the hounds, Hom. 120.
    2. with prepp.; slá e-n við, to display; slá við segli, to spread the sail, Fas. ii. 523; þá var slegit við öllum búnaði, all was taken into use, Fms. x. 36; ek hefi þó náliga öllu við slegit, því er ek hefi í minni fest, I have put forth all that I recollected, Bs. i. 59: slá e-n upp, to spread a report (upp-sláttr), Fms, viii. 232, ix. 358: slá niðr, to throw down, Hom. 110; hann sló sér niðr, he lay down, Fms. ii. 194; hann slær sér niðr ( takes to his bed) sem hann sé sjúkr, Stj. 520; nú er niðr slegit allri vináttu, an end to all friendship, Fms. vi. 286, xi. 72: slá út, to throw out, N. G. L. i. 31; slá út eitrinu, to pour it out, Edda 40: slá saman liðinu, to join the army, Fms. x. 268: slá upp ópi, to strike up, raise a cry, viii. 414, Fb. ii. 125: slá í sundr kjöptunum, ii. 26: slá á e-t, to take to a thing; slá á glens ok glímur, he took to play and sport, Fms. ii. 182; hann sló á fagrmæli við þá, begun flattering, Nj. 167; slá í rán, to betake oneself to robbery, Stj. 400: slá á heit, to take to making a vow, Fs. 91: slá á, to take on oneself; slá á sik sótt, to feign illness, Fms. vi. 32; slá á sik úlfúð, to show anger, ill-will, Eb. 114; skaltú ekki slíku á þik slá, at þrá eptir einni konu, do not betake thyself to that, Ísl. ii. 250: slá e-u af, to put off; eg hefi slegið því af.
    III. impers., it strikes or breaks out to a thing, i. e. the thing happens; loganum sló út um keröldin, flames broke out round the casks, Fms. i. 128; þá sleri ljósi fyrir hann sem elding væri, x. 394; sló á hann hlátri, he was taken in a fit of laughter, vii. 150; sló ópi á herinn, the men fell a-shouting, viii. 225; þá sleri á uþefjani ok ýldu, x. 379; sló þá í verkjum fyrir brjóstið, Sturl. ii. 127 C. Bs. i. 119; sló þá felmt ok flótta á liðit, the men were panic-stricken and took to flight, Fms. i. 45; þótt þunga eðr geispa slái á hana, vi. 199; sló mikilli hræðslu á konu þá, viii. 8; sló ifa í skap honum, 655 xii. 3, Stj. 424; því slær á ( it so happens), at hann réttir höndina í ljósit, Bs. i. 462; slær þegar í bardaga, it came to a fight, Fms. xi. 32; sló með þeim í mestu deilu, x. 99; í kappmæli, Fb. i. 327; hér slær í allmikit úefni, Nj. 246; var mjök í gadda slegit, at hann mundi fá hennar (cp. Dan. klapped og klart), 280; þá sló því á þá, at þeir fóru í á með net, Bs. i. 119.
    B. Reflex. to throw oneself, betake oneself; slósk hón at fram eldinum, she rushed to the fireside, Fms iv. 339; slásk á bak e-m, to go behind another, Sturl. i. 197 C; slásk aptr, to draw back; gæta þess at eigi slægisk aptr liðit, Ó. H. 214; þeir kómu í Valadal, ok slósk (sic = slógusk) þar inn, broke into the houses, Sturl. ii. 208 C; þá slógusk í Suðreyjar víkingar, Vikings infested, invaded the islands, Fms. i. 245; slásk í för með e-m, to join another in a journey, xi. 129; ef nokkurr slæsk í mat eðr mungát, ok rækir þat meirr enn þingit, Gþl. 15; hann slósk á tal við Guðrúnu, entered into conversation with G., Nj. 129; slásk í sveit með e-m, Ó. H. 202; slásk á spurdaga við e-n, to ask questions, Sks. 302 B; slásk á svikræði, Fms. vi. 179. ☞ The slæsk in Ld. 144 is an error for slævask, see sljófa.
    II. recipr. to fight; hann slóst við Enska í hafi, Ann. 1420, cp. Dan. slaaes, but it is unclass., for berjask is the right word.
    III. part. sleginn; með slegnu hári, with dishevelled hair, Finnb. 250: hón var mörgu sleginn, whimsical, Gþl. 3 (= blandin): sleginn, surrounded, Akv. 14, 29; sleginn regni, beaten with rain, Vtkv. 5: sleginn, coined, N. G. L. i. 5.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > SLÁ

  • 20 SPRETTA

    I)
    (sprett; spratt, spruttum; sprottinn), v.
    1) to spring up, issue forth (þar sprettr einn mikill brunnr);
    spratt honum sveiti í enni, sweat burst out on his forehead;
    also s. upp (spratt þar vatn upp);
    2) to start, spring;
    s. á fœtr, s. upp, to start to one’s feet, jump up;
    spratt upp lássinn, up sprang the lock;
    spratt henni fótr ok féll hón, she slipped and fell;
    spratt þat upp af heimamönnum, at, it was rumoured that;
    3) to sprout, grow, of hair, grass, crops (piltar tveir léku á gólfi; þeim var sprottit hár ór kolli).
    (-tta, -tt), v.
    1) to make spring up, unfasten, loosen;
    s. gjörðum, to ungird;
    s. frá loku, to unlock;
    2) to rip open or up (s. saum);
    ek lét s. berkinum, I had the bark peeled off;
    Þjálfi spretti á knífi sínum, Th. split the bone with his knife.
    * * *
    pres. sprett; pret. spratt, sprazt, spratt, pl. spruttu; subj. sprytti; part. sprottinn: [an iterative from springa; Swed. spritta; Engl. spirt; Germ. spritzen]:—to spirt out, of water; þar sprettr einn brunnr, Ver. 2; spratt þar vatn upp, Edda (pref.); þar spratt upp brunnr, Fms. vii. 251; helli þeim sprettr vatn ór berginu, i. 232; veita vötnum þeim er spretta upp í engi manns, Grág. ii. 289; sá er næstr býr vötnum þeim í héraði, er upp spretta næst líki á fjalli, K. Þ. K. 34; spratt honum sveiti í enni, sweat burst out on his forehead, Nj. 68.
    2. to start, spring; hann sprettr upp, starts to his feet, Fms. xi. 151, Bs. i. 420; Hrútr vildi upp s. ok fagna henni, Nj. 6; þeir spruttu upp með íllyrðum, 128; hann spratt upp skjótt ok hart, Eg. 717; s. á fætr 129; s. af baki, to spring off horseback, Ld. 220; s. ór snöru, to spring out of a snare, 623. 36; spratt upp lássinn, up sprang the latch, Gullþ. 27; þá sprettr tjaldskörin, Sturl. i. 117; ok sprettr þá láss af limum, Gg.; sprettr mér af fótum fjöturr, Hm.; spruttu honum fætr á jakanum, he slipped, Eb. 238; spratt henni fótr ok féll hón, Bs. i. 385; spratt upp fjándskapr, Sturl. ii. 57; spretta upp af honum einstaka mansöngs-vísur, Fbr. 69; spratt þat upp af heima-mönnum ( it was rumoured), at …, Dropl. 17.
    3. to sprout, grow, of hair, grass, crops; hárið spratt á sauðum, Þryml. 8; honum var sprottið hár ór kolli, Fms. iii. 125; svá ungr at eigi mun grön sprottin, Sturl. iii. 129; honum var ekki grön sprottin, Ld. 272, v. l.; þá er blómin spruttu, Karl. 546; vel sprottið (illa sprottið) tún; sprottnar engjar, good, bad crops.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > SPRETTA

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