(from+noise)

irrelevant or insignificant data which overload a feedback process. The presence of noise can confuse or divert attention from relevant information; efficiency in a system is enhanced as the ratio of information to noise increases.

 

звукоотражающий барьер
—
[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]

EN

noise barrier
Barriers for reducing the propagation of sound: they are widely used in industry and alongside roads and railways to shield receivers from noise sources. Barriers will not reduce the noise on the receivers side, but will increase it, unless the barrier is also covered in absorbing material. (Source: PARCOR)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]

Тематики

• охрана окружающей среды

EN

• noise barrier

DE

• Lärmschutzwall

FR

• écran antibruit

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борьба́ с шу́мом — noise abatement

шум возника́ет — noise arises from …, noise has its source in …

шум искажа́ет сигна́л свз. — noise corrupts the signal

заглуша́ть шум — damp out (the) noise

заглуша́ть шум, напр. вы́хлопа — muffle, silence, e. g., exhaust

ослабля́ть шум — abate noise

ослабля́ть эне́ргию [си́лу] шу́ма — abate noise

поглоща́ть шум — deaden sound

рабо́тать [при́нимать сигна́л] в усло́виях шу́ма или шумо́в — read through noise

шум си́льно забива́ет сигна́л — signals are obscured by noise

аддити́вный шум — additive noise

акусти́ческий шум — acoustic noise

аппарату́рные шумы́ — receiver noise

атмосфе́рный шум — atmospheric noise

аэродинами́ческий шум — aerodynamic noise

бе́лый шум — white noise

высокочасто́тный шум — r.f. noise

шум вы́хлопа авто — exhaust noise, exhaust roar

шумы́ Гала́ктики — galactic noise

га́уссов шум — Gaussian noise

га́уссовский шум — Gaussian noise

генерацио́нно-рекомбинацио́нный шум — generation-recombination [gr] noise

дробово́й шум — shot noise, Schottky noise, shot effect

избы́точный шум — excess noise

и́мпульсный шум — impulse noise

кавитацио́нный шум — cavitation noise

шумы́ кана́ла — channel noise

шумы́ квантова́ния — quantization noise

ква́нтовый шум — quantum noise

косми́ческий шум — cosmic noise

шумы́ ла́зера — laser noise

шум ла́мпы — брит. valve noise; амер. tube noise

лине́йный шум — circuit noise

шумы́ ма́зера — maser noise

модуляцио́нный шум — modulation noise, noise behind the signal

шумы́ нака́чки — pump noise

шумы́ не́ба — sky noise

шумы́ несу́щей — carrier noise

шумы́ окружа́ющей среды́ — ambient noise

шум от се́ти — power-supply noise, mains hum

шум перехо́да — junction noise

шум пла́змы — plasma noise

свистя́щий шум — hissing [whistling] noise

СВЧ шумы́ — microwave noise

случа́йный шум — random noise

со́бственные шумы́ — internal [intrinsic] noise

со́бственные шумы́ приё́мника — receiver noise

шумы́ со́лнечного радиоизлуче́ния — solar (radio) noise

су́перный шум радио — superregenerative hiss

теплово́й шум — thermal [Johnson] noise

шум то́ка — current noise

фа́зовый шум — phase noise

фли́ккер шум — flicker noise

фо́новый шум — background noise, hum (noise)

фото́нный шум — photon noise

шум це́пи

1. радио circuit noise

2. авто chain rattle

электри́ческие шумы́ — electric noise

"1. head. 2. mind, mental attitude. 3. intelligence. 4. a large marble, shoooter. - ya almak slang 1. /ı/ to silence (a bothersome person). 2. to find the right person (to do a job). -sı almamak /ı/ 1. not to be able to understand. 2. to be too tired to understand. 3. not to be able to believe. -dan atmak to make up something and try to pass it off as the truth. - boşluğu cranial cavity, cavum cranii. -sı bozulmak colloq. to blow one´s top, get angry. -sı bulanmak to get confused. -yı bulmak slang to be pleasantly tipsy (from drink). -sı çalışmak to be on the ball. -yı çekmek colloq. to do some serious drinking, Brit. have a booze-up. -sından çıkarmak /ı/ to put (an idea) out of one´s head. -sına dank etmek/demek to dawn on one at last. - değiştirmek to change one´s mind; to change one´s way of thinking. - dengi 1. kindred spirit. 2. (someone) who is a kindred spirit, like-minded. -sının dikine gitmek to go one´s own way, do as one pleases. -sı dinç olmak to feel fresh and alert. -sı dönmek 1. to be confused and perplexed. 2. to feel dizzy. -sı dumanlı 1. tipsy, tight. 2. tired and confused. -sı durmak to be too tired to think. -dan gayri müsellah colloq. nutty, not quite right in the head. -sına girmek /ın/ 1. to make good sense, seem to be right (to). 2. to comprehend, understand. - göz yarmak to be awkward and unskillful. - işçisi white-collar worker. -sı işlemek to be on the ball. -sı izinli olmak slang for one´s mind to be elsewhere; to wool-gather. - kafaya vermek to put their heads together. - kalmamak /da/ to be so worn out one can´t think. -sı karışmak (for someone) to get confused. -sını kaşıyacak vakti olmamak to be too busy to think, not to have time to turn around. -sı kazan (gibi) olmak for one´s head to be ringing (from noise); to feel fuddled (after a lot of mental effort). -sını kızdırmak /ın/ to make (someone´s) blood boil. -sı kızmak to get angry. -dan kontak colloq. cracked, nutty, touched in the head. -sına koymak /ı/ to get hold of (some idea); to take it into one´s head (to do something). -sını kullanmak to use one´s head. -sını kurcalamak /ın/ to make (one) think. - patlatmak to do a lot of hard mental work. -dan sakat colloq. cracked, nutty, touched in the head. - sallamak to rubber-stamp everything, be a yes-man. -sına sığmamak not to be able to comprehend. -sında şimşek çakmak to get a sudden inspiration. - şişirmek (for noise, a complicated problem) to drive one crazy, make one unable to think straight. -sı şişmek for one´s head to be ringing (from noise); to feel fuddled (after a lot of mental effort). -sına takılıp kalmak to stick in one´s mind, not to leave one´s mind. -sı taşa çarpmak to learn something the hard way. -sını taştan taşa çarpmak/vurmak 1. to regret bitterly a lost opportunity. 2. to feel very remorseful. - tutmak /a/ to defy; to oppose challengingly. -yı tütsülemek slang to get tight, get tipsy. - ütülemek slang to talk someone to death, talk someone´s ear off. -sına vur, ekmeğini elinden al. colloq. He is so meek you can walk all over him. -sına vura vura by force. -sına vurmak (for drink) to go to one´s head. -sını vurmak /ın/ to behead. -yı (yere) vurmak 1. to hit the sack, hit the hay. 2. to take to one´s bed, get laid up (owing to illness). - vuruşu soccer header. - yağı slang sperm, semen. -sı yerinde olmamak to wool-gather; for one´s mind to be elsewhere. -sı yerine gelmek to come back to earth; to start thinking straight again. - yormak to ponder, think hard, rack one´s brains."

SUBJECT AREA: Electronics and information technology, Telecommunications

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As a child, Shannon tinkered with radio kits and enjoyed solving puzzles, particularly crypto-graphic ones. He graduated from the University of Michigan in 1936 with a Bachelor of Science in mathematics and electrical engineering, and earned his Master's degree from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1937. His thesis on applying Boolean algebra to switching circuits has since been acclaimed as possibly the most significant this century. Shannon earned his PhD in mathematics from MIT in 1940 with a dissertation on the mathematics of genetic transmission.

Shannon spent a year at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, then in 1941 joined Bell Telephone Laboratories, where he began studying the relative efficiency of alternative transmission systems. Work on digital encryption systems during the Second World War led him to think that just as ciphers hide information from the enemy, "encoding" information could also protect it from noise. About 1948, he decided that the amount of information was best expressed quantitatively in a two-value number system, using only the digits 0 and 1. John Tukey, a Princeton colleague, named these units "binary digits" (or, for short, "bits"). Almost all digital computers and communications systems use such on-off, or two-state logic as their basis of operation.

Also in the 1940s, building on the work of H. Nyquist and R.V.L. Hartley, Shannon proved that there was an upper limit to the amount of information that could be transmitted through a communications channel in a unit of time, which could be approached but never reached because real transmissions are subject to interference (noise). This was the beginning of information theory, which has been used by others in attempts to quantify many sciences and technologies, as well as subjects in the humanities, but with mixed results. Before 1970, when integrated circuits were developed, Shannon's theory was not the preferred circuit-and-transmission design tool it has since become.

Shannon was also a pioneer in the field of artificial intelligence, claiming that computing machines could be used to manipulate symbols as well as do calculations. His 1953 paper on computers and automata proposed that digital computers were capable of tasks then thought exclusively the province of living organisms. In 1956 he left Bell Laboratories to join the MIT faculty as Professor of Communications Science.

On the lighter side, Shannon has built many devices that play games, and in particular has made a scientific study of juggling.

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(adj.) = returning

Ex. Unfortunately, the length of a satellite link is such that the returning signal is very weak, hardly distinguishable from noise.

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<el> ■ noise-free; free from noise; noiseless

1) free from noise:

2) not speaking:

3) not making any noise:

1) Engineering: signal extraction from noise

2) Makarov: signal enhancement

daze, ear-deafening

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cause someone to suffer from noise, deafen; cause ringing in ears

http://www.balifolder.com

[ca co med pa]

not rash or noisy in speech, free from noise or chatter, without fuss, attribute of buddha