(consisting+of

n. [þing], mod. form alþing, by dropping the inflective i; the gen., however, still remains unchanged, alþingis. The parliament or general assembly of the Icel. Commonwealth, invested with the supreme legislative and judicial power, consisting of the legislative lögrétta (q. v.), and the courts, v. dómr, fimtardómr, fjórðungsdómar; v. also goði, goðorð, lügsögumaðr, lögsaga, lögberg, and many other words referring to the constitution and functions of the alþingi. It was founded by Ulfljot about A. D. 930, Ib. ch. 3; and reformed by Thord Gellir A. D. 964, who instituted the courts and carried out the political divisions of Icel. into goðorð, fjórðungar, and þing, ch. 5. In the years 1272 and 1281 the alþing, to some extent, changed its old forms, in order to comply with the new state of things. In the year 1800 it was abolished altogether. A kind of parliament, under the old name alþingi, was again established in the year 1843, and sat at Reykjavík. Before the year 930 a general assembly was held in Kjalarnes, whence it was removed under the name of alþingi to the river Öxará, near to the mountain Ármannsfell. The much-debated passage in Hænsaþ. S. ch. 14—en þingit var þá undir Ármannsfelli—therefore simply means that the events referred to happened after the removal of the Kjalarnesping. The parliament at first met on the Thursday beginning the tenth week of the summer, which fell between the 11th and the 17th of June; by a law of the year 999 its opening was deferred to the next following Thursday, between the 18th and 24th of June, old style; after the union with Norway, or after A. D. 1272 or 1281, the time of meeting was further deferred to June 29. July 2 (Vis. B. V. M.) is hence called Þing-Maríumessa. The parliament lasted for a fortnight; the last day of the session, called vápnatak, because the weapons having been laid aside during the session were again taken (cp. Engl. wapentake), thus fell on the first or second Wednesday in July. As to the rules of the alþingi, vide esp. the first chapter of the Þ. Þ. Grág. (Kb.) i. p. 38 sqq. The most eventful years in the history of the alþingi are, A. D. 930 (foundation), 964 (reform), 1000 (introduction of Christianity), 1004 (institution of the Fifth Court), 1024 (repudiation of the attempt of the king of Norway to annex Iceland), 1096 (introduction of tithes), 1117 (first codification of laws), 1262–1264 (submission to the king of Norway), 1272 and 1281 (new codes introduced). In the year 1338 there was no alþing held because of civil disturbances, eytt alþingi ok þóttu þat údærni, Ann. s. a., Grág. (Þ. Þ.) Íslend. bók, Kristni S., Njála, Sturl., Árna b. S., Ó. H. (1853), ch. 114; of modern writers, vide esp. Maurer, Entsteh. des Ísl. Staates; Dasent, Introd. to Burnt Njal; some of the Introductions by Jón Sigurðsson in D. I., esp. that to the Gamli Sáttmáli of the year 1262.

COMPDS: alþingisdómr, alþingisför, alþingishelgun, alþingislof, alþingismál, alþingisnefna, alþingisreið, alþingissátt, alþingissáttarhald, alþingissekt, alþingissektarhald.

1) great-grandmother;

2) the name of the book Edda, written by Snorri Sturluson, c. 1220.

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u, f. a great-grandmother, Rm. 2. 4; móðir ( mother) heitir ok amma (grandmother), þriðja edda (the third is edda), Edda 108: this sense is obsolete.

II. metaph. the name of the book Edda, written by Snorri Sturluson, and containing old mythological lore and the old artificial rules for verse making. The ancients only applied this name to the work of Snorri; it is uncertain whether he himself called it so; it occurs for the first time in the inscription to one of the MSS. of Edda, viz. the Ub., written about fifty or sixty years after Snorri’s death: Bók þessi heitir Edda, hann hefir saman setta Snorri Sturlusonr eptir þeim hætti sem hér er skipat (viz. consisting of three parts, Gylfagynning, Skáldskaparmál, and Háttatal), Edda ii. 250 (Ed. Arna-Magn.); sva segir í bók þeirri er Edda heitir, at sá maðr sem Ægir hét spurði Braga …, 532 (MS. of the 14th century); hann (viz. Snorri) samansetti Eddu, he put together the Edda, Ann. 1241 (in a paper MS., but probably genuine). As the Skáldskaparmál ( Ars Poëtica) forms the chief part of the Edda, teaching the old artificial poetical circumlocutions (kenningar), poetical terms and diction, and the mythical tales on which they were founded, the Edda became a sort of handbook of poets, and therefore came gradually to mean the ancient artificial poetry as opposed to the modern plain poetry contained in hymns and sacred poems; it, however, never applies to alliteration or other principles of Icel. poetry: reglur Eddu, the rules of Edda, Gd. (by Arngrim) verse 2, Lil. 96, Nikulas d. 4; Eddu list, the art of Edda, Gd. (by Arni) 79;—all poems of the 14th century. The poets of the 15th century frequently mention the Edda in the introduction to their Rímur or Rhapsodies, a favourite kind of poetry of this and the following time, Reinalds R. I. 1, Áns R. 7. 2, Sturlaugs R., Sigurðar þögla R. 5. 4, Rimur af Ill Verra og Vest, 4, 3, Jarlmanns R. 7. 1, 5, II. 3, Dímis R. 2. 4, Konraðs R. 7. 5;—all these in vellum and the greater part of them belonging to the 15th century. Poets of the 16th century (before 1612), Rollants R. 9. 6, 12. 1, Pontus R. (by Magnus Gamli, died 1591), Valdimars R., Ester R. 2. 2, 6. 3, Sýraks R. 1. 2, 6. 2, Tobias R. I. 2; from the first half of the 17th century, Grett. R., Flores R. 6. 3, 9. 2, Króka Refs R. 1. 7, Lykla Pétrs R. 4. 2, 12. 1, Apollonius R. 1. 5, Flovents R. 6. 3, Sjö Meistara R. 1. 7, 2. 1, 3. 8;—all in MS. In these and many other references, the poets speak of the art, skill, rules, or, if they are in that mood, the obscure puerilities and empty phrases of the Edda, the artificial phraseology as taught and expounded by Snorri; and wherever the name occurs (previous to the year 1643) it only refers to Snorri’s book, and such is still the use of the word in Icel.; hence compd words such as Eddu-lauss, adj. void of Eddic art; Eddu-borinn, part. poetry full of Eddic phrases; Eddu-kenningar, f. pl. Eddic circumlocutions, Kötlu Draumr 85, e. g. when the head is called the ‘sword of Heimdal,’ the sword the ‘fire or torch of Odin,’ etc.; Eddu-kendr = Edduborinn; Eddu-bagr, adj. a bungler in the Eddic art, etc. The Icel. bishop Brynjolf Sveinsson in the year 1643 discovered the old mythological poems, and, led by a fanciful and erroneous suggestion, he gave to that book the name of Sæmundar Edda, the Edda of Sæmund; hence originate the modern terms the Old or Poetical and New or Prose Edda; in foreign writers Eddic has been ever since used in the sense of plain and artless poetry, such as is contained in these poems, opposed to the artificial, which they call Scaldic (Skald being Icel. for a poet); but this has no foundation in old writers or tradition. Further explanation of this subject may be seen in Ersch and Gruber’s Encyclopedia, s. v. Graagaas.

f. number of five.

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or fimmt, f. a number of five: fimtar-tala, u, f. a set of five or multiple of five (as fifteen, fifty, etc.), Bs. i. 190.

2. [Swed. femt = a kind of court], a law phrase, a summoning before a court with a notice of five days: a standing phrase in the Norse law, so that the verb fimta means to summon: so, fimtar-grið, n. pl. a truce during a fimt, N. G. L. i. 342, 351; fimmtar-nafn, n. a citation with a fimt’s notice, 86; fimmtar-stefna, u, f. a citation before a court with a fimt’s notice, K. Á. 184: the phrase gera e-m fimt simply means to summon, N. G. L. i. 346, passim; one fimt is the shortest notice for summoning, five fimts the longest,—fimm fimtum hit lengsta, ef hann veit nær þing skal vera, 21:—the law provides that no summoning shall take place on Tuesday, because in that case the court-day would fall on Sunday, the day of summoning not being counted, N. G. L., Jb., and K. Á. passim.—This law term is very curious, and seems to be a remnant of the old heathen division of time into fimts (pentads), each month consisting of six such weeks; the old heathen year would then have consisted of seventy-two fimts, a holy number, as composed of 2 × 36 and 6 × 12. With the introduction of the names of the planetary days (vide dagr) and the Christian week, the old fimt only remained in law and common sayings; thus in Hm. 73,—‘there are many turns of the weather in five days (viz. a fimt), but more in a month,’ which would be unintelligible unless we bear in mind that a fimt just answered to our week; or verse 50,—‘among bad friends love flames high for five days, but is slaked when the sixth comes;’ in a few cases, esp. in ecclesiastical law, sjaund (hebdomad) is substituted for the older fimt, N. G. L. passim; it is curious that in Icel. law (Grág.) the fimt scarcely occurs, as in Icel. the modern week seems to have superseded the old at an early time.

COMPDS: Fimtardómr, Fimtardómseiðr, Fimtardómslög, Fimtardómsmal, Fimtardomsstefna, Fimtardómssök, fimtarþing.

(-s, -ar), m.

1) body of men (f. eru fimm menn);

2) company, host (þeir gengu allir í einum flokki);

3) band, troop, party; hefja, reisa, flokk, to raise a band; fylla flokk e-s, to join one’s party, to side with one;

4) short poem, without refrains (opp. to drápa).

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m. akin to fólk, [A. S. floc; Engl. flock; Dan. flok; Swed. flock]

I. a body of men; in law five men make a flokkr; flokkr eru fimm menn, Edda 108; þat heitir f. er fimm menn eru saman, N. G. L. i. 61:—a company, host, party, þeir gengu allir í einum flokki, Nj. 100; engla flokkar, a host of angels, Greg. 34; marga flokka, Th. 3; hlaupa í gegn ór öðrum flokki, Grág. ii. 10: adverb., flokkum, in crowds, 656. 18; flokkum þeir fóru, Sl. 63:—a troop, band, hefja flokk, to raise a band, to rebel, Fms. viii. 273, ix. 4; ofríki flokkanna, vii. 293; fara með flokk, to roam about, 318:—a tribe, company, in a good sense, Stj. 321, 322, passim, and so in mod. usage.

COMPDS: flokkaatvígi, flokkaferð, flokksforingi, flokkshöfðingi, flokksmaðr, flokksvíg.

II. a short poem, Ísl. ii. 237, Fms. v. 227, vi. 391, xi. 203, 204: as the name of poems, Brands-flokkr, Sturl. iii. 90; Tryggva-f., Fms. iii. 54, 116; Kálfs-f., 123; Valþjófs-f., vi. 426; cp. esp. Gunnl. S. and Knytl. S. l. c., vide drápa.

2. in mod. usage an epic poem consisting of several cantos is called flokkr or rímna-flokkr; thus Úlfars-rímur, Núma-rímur, Þrymlur, etc. are each of them a flokkr, but the Skíða-ríma or Ólafs-ríma, being single rhapsodies, are not so called.

m. heathen priest; chief (in Iceland during the republic).

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a, m. [Ulf, renders ἱερεύς by gudja (ufar-gudja, ahumista-gudja, etc.), ἱερατεία by gudjinassus, ἱερατεύειν by gudjinôn; an Icel. gyði, gen. gyðja, would answer better to the Goth. form, but it never occurs, except that the fem. gyðja = goddess and priestess points not to goði, but to a masc. with a suppressed final i, gyði; a word coting occurs in O. H. G. glossaries, prob. meaning the same; and the form guþi twice occurs on Danish-Runic stones in Nura-guþi and Saulva-guþi, explained as goði by P. G. Thorsen, Danske Runem.; (Rafn’s explanation and reading of Nura-guþi qs. norðr á Gauði, is scarcely right): with this exception this word is nowhere recorded till it appears in Icel., where it got a wide historical bearing]:—prop. a priest, sacerdos, and hence a liege-lord or chief of the Icel. Commonwealth.

A. HISTORICAL REMARKS.—The Norse chiefs who settled in Icel., finding the country uninhabited, solemnly took possession of the land (land-nám, q. v.); and in order to found a community they built a temple, and called themselves by the name of goði or hof-goði, ‘temple-priest;’ and thus the temple became the nucleus of the new community, which was called goðorð, n.:—hence hof-goði, temple-priest, and höfðingi, chief, became synonymous, vide Eb. passim. Many independent goðar and goðorð sprang up all through the country, until about the year 930 the alþingi (q. v.) was erected, where all the petty sovereign chiefs (goðar) entered into a kind of league, and laid the foundation of a general government for the whole island. In 964 A. D. the constitution was finally settled, the number of goðorð being fixed at three in each þing ( shire), and three þing in each of the three other quarters, (but four in the north); thus the number of goðar came to be nominally thirty-nine, really thirty-six, as the four in the north were only reckoned as three, vide Íb. ch. 5. On the introduction of Christianity the goðar lost their priestly character, but kept the name; and the new bishops obtained seats in the Lögrétta (vide biskup). About the year 1004 there were created new goðar (and goðorð), who had to elect judges to the Fifth Court, but they had no seats in the Lögrétta, and since that time the law distinguishes between forn ( old) and ný ( new) goðorð;—in Glúm. ch. 1 the word forn is an anachronism. It is curious that, especially in the 12th century, the goðar used to take the lesser Orders from political reasons, in order to resist the Romish clergy, who claimed the right of forbidding laymen to be lords of churches or to deal with church matters; thus the great chief Jón Loptsson was a sub-deacon; at last, about 1185, the archbishop of Norway forbade the bishops of Icel. to ordain any holder of a goðorð, unless they first gave up the goðorð, fyrir því bjóðum vér biskupum at vígja eigi þá menn er goðorð hafa, D. I. i. 291. In the middle of the 13th century the king of Norway induced the goðar to hand their power over to him, and thus the union with Norway was finally brought about in the year 1262; since that time, by the introduction of new codes (1272 and 1281), the name and dignity of goðar and goðorð disappeared altogether, so that the name begins and ends with the Commonwealth.

B. DUTIES.—In the alþingi the goðar were invested with the Lögrettu-skipan (q. v.), that is to say, they composed the Lögrétta (the Legislative consisting of forty-eight members—on the irregularity of the number vide Íb. ch. 5), and were the lawgivers of the country; secondly, they had the dómnefna (q. v.), or right of naming the men who were to sit in the courts, vide dómr:—as to their duties in the quarter-parliaments (vár-þing) vide Grág. Þ. Þ. and the Sagas. The authority of the goðar over their liegemen at home was in olden times somewhat patriarchal, vide e. g. the curious passage in Hænsaþ. S. ch. 2; though no section of law relating to this interesting part of the old history is on record, we can glean much information from the Sagas. It is to be borne in mind that the goðar of the Saga time (10th century) and those of the Grágás and Sturlunga time (12th and 13th centuries) were very different; the former were a kind of sovereign chiefs, who of free will entered into a league; the latter had become officials, who for neglecting their duties in parliament might be fined, and even forfeit the goðorð to their liegemen, vide Grág. Þ. Þ. Neither þing (q. v.) nor goðorð was ever strictly geographical (such is the opinion of Konrad Maurer), but changed from time to time; the very word goðorð is defined as ‘power’ (veldi), and was not subject to the payment of tithe, K. Þ. K. 142. The goðorð could be parcelled out by inheritance or by sale; or they might, as was the case in the latter years of the Commonwealth, accumulate in one hand, vide esp. Sturl. passim, and Grág. The liegemen (þingmenn) were fully free to change their lords (ganga í lög með goða, ganga ór lögum); every franklin (þingmaðr) had in parliament to declare his þingfesti, i. e. to name his liegeship, and say to what goði and þing he belonged, and the goði had to acknowledge him; so that a powerful or skilful chief might have liegemen scattered all over the country. But the nomination to the courts and the right of sitting in the legislative body were always bound to the old names, as fixed by the settlement of the year 964; and any one who sought the name or influence of a goði had first (by purchase, inheritance, or otherwise) to become possessor of a share of one of the old traditionary goðorð; see the interesting chapter in Nj. The three goðar in one þing ( shire) were called sam-goða, joint-goðar; for the sense of allsherjar-goði vide p. 17.

C. NAMES.—Sometimes a chief’s name referred to the god whom he especially worshipped, as Freys-Goði, Hrafn., Gísl., whence Freys-gyðlingar, q. v.; (the ör-goði is dubious); more frequently the name referred to the liegemen or county, e. g. Ljósvetninga-Goði, Tungu-Goði, etc.; but in the Saga time, goði was often added to the name almost as a cognomen, and with some, as Snorri, it became a part of their name (as Cato Censor in Latin); hann varðveitti þá hof, var hann þá kallaðr Snorri Goði, Eb. 42; seg, at sá sendi, er meiri vin var húsfreyjunnar at Fróðá en Goðans at Helgafelli, 332. Names on record in the Sagas:—men living from A. D. 874 to 964, Hallsteinn Goði, Landn., Eb.; Sturla Goði, Landn. 65; Jörundr Goði and Hróarr Tungu-Goði, id.; Ljótólfr Goði, Sd.; Hrafnkell Freys-Goði, Hrafn.; Oddr Tungu-Goði, Landn.; Þormóðr Karnár-Goði, Vd.; Áskell Goði, Rd.; Úlfr Ör-goði, Landn.; Grímkell Goði, Harð. S.; Þorgrímr Freys-goði, Gísl. 100, 110:—964 to 1030, Arnkell Goði, Landn., Eb.; Þorgrímr Goði, Eb.; Geirr Goði, Landn., Nj.; Runólfr Goði, id.; Þóroddr Goði, Kristni S.; Þormóðr Allsherjar-Goði, Landn.; Þorgeirr Goði, or Ljósvetninga-Goði, Nj., Landn.; (Þorkell Krafla) Vatnsdæla-Goði, Vd.; Helgi Hofgarða-Goði, Landn., Eb.; Snorri Hlíðarmanna-Goði, Lv.; Þórarinn Langdæla-Goði, Heiðarv. S.; and last, not least, Snorri Goði:—in the following period goði appears, though very rarely, as an appellative, e. g. Þormóðr Skeiðar-Goði (about 1100):—of the new goðar of 1004, Höskuldr Hvítaness-Goði, Nj.:—used ironically, Ingjaldr Sauðeyja-Goði, Ld.

2. goðorð mentioned by name,—in the south, Allsherjar-goðorð, Landn. (App.) 336; Dalverja-goðorð, Sturl. ii. 48; Lundarmanna-goðorð, i. 223; Reykhyltinga-goðorð, 104, iii. 166, 169; Bryndæla-goðorð, Kjaln. S. 402: in the north, Ljósvetninga-goðorð, Lv. ch. 30; Möðruvellinga-goðorð, Bs. i. 488; Vatnsdæla-goðorð, Fs. 68; Fljótamanna-goðorð, Sturl. i. 138: in the west, Snorrunga-goðorð, 55; Jöklamanna-goðorð, iii. 166; Rauðmelinga-goðorð, Eb. 288; Reyknesinga-goðorð, Sturl. i. 9, 19; Þórsnesinga-goðorð, 198: the new godords of the Fifth Court, Laufæsinga-goðorð, Nj. 151; Melamanna-goðorð, id., Band., Sturl. i. 227. Passages in the Sagas and Laws referring to goðar and goðorð are very numerous, e. g. Íb. ch. 5, Nj. ch. 98, Grág., Lögréttu-þáttr, and Þ. Þ. passim, esp. ch. 1–5, 17, 35, 37, 39, 44, 58, 60, 61, Lv. ch. 4 (interesting), Vd. ch. 27, 41 (in fine), and 42, Vápn., Hrafn. ch. 2, Eb. ch. 10, 56, Sturl. iii. 98, 104, passim; for the accumulation of godords, see i. 227 (3, 22), Bs. i. 54; for the handing over the godords to the king of Norway, D. I. i; and esp. article 3 of the Sáttmáli, D. I. i. 631, 632. The godords were tithe-free, ef maðr á goðorð, ok þarf eigi þat til tíundar at telja, vald er þat en eigi fé:, K. Þ. K. 142.

COMPDS: goðakviðr, goðalýrittr, goðaþáttr.

II. = goð, i. e. good genius, in the Icel. game at dice called goða-tafl, with the formula, heima ræð eg goða minn bæði vel og lengi, … og kasta eg svo fyrir þig, cp. also ást-goði.

n. a metric. term, a ‘cleft-burden,’ a kind of refrain, consisting of several lines inserted separately in different lines of a stanza, Sturl. ii. 59.

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f. rhyming lay, ballad.

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u, f., gen. rímna, a rhyme, lay, ballad, and in plur. rímur, an epic consisting of many lays; ríma is the name for the epical paraphrases, which first appear in Icel. about the middle of the 14th century; the Olafs-ríma, Fb. i. 8 sqq., being the first specimen preserved; then Völsungs-rímur, Skíða-ríma, Skáld-Helga-rímur, and then very many others; for almost every Icel. Saga or Romance has been turned into such lays, even the historical books of the Bible.

COMPDS: rímnabók, rímnaskáld.

adj. consisting of twelve tens, epithet of a hundred; tólfrætt hundrað, a duodecimal hundred, i. e. a hundred and twenty, Ó. H. (pref.), Grág. ii. 91, Sks. 56, Fb. i. 271 (see hundrað).

a. consisting of two different things or kinds, twofold (tvenn frásögn); í tvennu lagi, in two parts; tvennir, two (á skóginum voru tvennar leiðir); nú ferr tvennum sögunum fram, two tales now run parallel; tvennir skór, two pair of shoes; neut. tvennt, two things (sides, parts); hefir mér tvennt um sýnzt, there has seemed to be two sides to the matter.

* * *

and tvinnr, adj. (tviðr, Hom. 74), [Ulf. twaihnai], a distrib., two and two, twin, in pairs; tviðr skriptar-gangr, Hom. 74; tvennr burðr, twins, Stj.; til tveðra gjalda, Grág. ii. 188; guldu opt tvennar landskyldir, Ó. H. 27; heimta tvennar fulgur, Grág. i. 258, 447; eigi má tvær sakir af því göra þótt tvennum sé lýst, ii. 15; á skóginum vóru tvennar leiðir, Eg. 576; tvenna tólf-mánuðr, Grág. ii. 227; vóru tvennar hallir, aðrar yfir öðrum, Fms. vi. 147; bjóða tvenn verð, Ld. 146; gjalda konungi tvenn (gjöld) slík, Jb. 208; tvinnir flokkar engla, Sks. 142 new Ed.; skjóta tvennum örum, Clem. 37; í tvennu lagi, Hom. 74; ok er tvenn frásögn um, Sturl. i. 107; tvennar (ii Cod.) frásagnir, Bs. i. l. c.; nú ferr tvennum sögunum fram, two tales running parallel, Ó. H. 100.

2. two different things; lengi hefir mér þat í hug verit, ok hefir mér þó tvennt um sýnt, Nj. 3; þó segja menn nokkut tvennt til, Eg. 63: tvennu mun skipta, there are two chances, either … or, Fas. ii. 515; hefir Guð fram í tvennu verk sitt, annat tveggja, eða …, 677. 6.

3. two pairs; tvennir skór, two pairs of shoes, Skíða R. 193; tvenn pör skæða, id., 32; tvennir sokkar, tvennir vetlingar ( gloves); tvennar buxur; skaltú Nói taka tvinn karlkyns ok kvennkyns, Stj.

4. indecl. tvinni or tvinni, two or two, as indecl. adj.; tvinni or tynni, indecl.; tvinni tólf-mánuðr, aðra tynni tólf-mánuðr, N. G. L. i. 344: skaltú æ taka með sama hætti tvinni ok tvinni, Stj. 57, Barl. 24.

(þrjár, þrjú), card. numb. three.

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þrjár, þrjú; gen. þriggja; dat. þrimr and þrim, later and mod. þremr, þrem; acc. þrjá, þrjár, þrjú: [Goth. þreis; A. S. þrî; Engl. three; O. H. G. drî; Germ. drei; Dan. tre; Lat.-Gr. tres, τρεις; etc.]:—three, Nj. 16, 23, 81, Grág. i. 82, ii. 392, Landn. 126, K. Þ. K. 164, Fms. v. 8, vii. 235, and passim; brjóta í þrjú (cp. í tvau), to break into three (mod. í þrennt), Hom. 141, Ísl. ii. 337.

B. COMPDS with þrí- = three-, thrice-: þrí-angaðr, adj. three-forked, Stj. 430, MS. 544. 15. þrí-boginn, part. thrice-bent, Bárð. 175. þrí-breiðr, adj. of triple breadth, of cloth, Rb. 120, D. N. i. 410. þrí-bryddr, part. with threefold mounting, Landn. 190. þrí-deila, u, f. the rule of three. þrí-deildr, part. divided into three parts, A.A. 283. þrí-deili, n. a third part (?), N. G. L. i. 356. þrí-delningr, m. a third part, B. K. 40. þrí-engdr, part. three-pronged, Stj. 430. þri-falda, að, to make threefold, Stj. 551. þrí-faldr, adj. threefold, = þrefaldr, Fb. i. 423. þrí-forn, adj. thrice-old, i. e. three years old; þrífornt smjör, Skíða R. 197. þrí-fættr, adj. three-legged, Vápn. 24; þrífættr piltr þrifinn ok vandstilltr, in a riddle of the distaff. þrí-gilda, d, to pay threefold, Fms. x. 172, Gþl. 359. þrí-gildr, part. of threefold value. þrí-greindr, part. three-branched, Stj. 57, 67. þrí-hendr, adj. a metrical term, each line having three rhyming syllables, Edda i. 648. þrí-heilagr, adj. lasting three days, of feasts, e. g. halda Jól þríheilagt, to keep Christmas three days. þrí-húsaðr, part. consisting of three houses, Stj. 57. þrí-hyrndr, part. [A. S. þryhyrned], three-horned, triangular, Fms. iii. 180. þrí-hyrningr, m. a triangle, Pr. 477, 478: a local name of a mountain, Landn., Nj. þrí-höfðaðr, adj. three-headed, Niðrst. 6, Skm. 31. þrí-kvíslaðr, part. three-branched, Stj. ch. 135, Al. 168, Karl. 299. þrí-liða, u, f. the rule of three, mathem. þrí-menningr, m. a third cousin, Fb. i. 287, Nj. 235, Gþl. 247; in K. Á. 140 even of a woman. þrí-merkingr, m. a ring weighing three ounces, Grág. ii. 171. þrí-mútaðr, thrice-moulted, of a falcon, Karl. 10. þrí-nættr, adj. three nights old, Edda 58; þing þrínætt, lasting three nights (days), Js. 37. þrí-skafinn, part. thrice-polished, Fas. ii. 326. þrí-skeptr, part. wadmal of three strands, cp. tvískeptr, Grág. (Kb.) ii. 246. þrí-skeyta, u, f. a triangle, Rb. (1812) 25. þrí-skipta, t, to divide into three parts, Stj. 451, N. G. L. i. 389. þrí-strendingr, m. a kind of shell, Eggert Itin. ch. 901. þrí-taka, tók, to repeat thrice. þrí-tíðungr, m. a bull three years old, N. G. L. i. 31, 99, Gþl. 111. þrí-tugandi, -undi (mod. þrí-tugasti), [A. S. þryttigoða], the thirtieth. Fms. x. 194, Rb. (1812) 3. þrítug-nátti, of thirty nights (days), of a month, Jb., Rb. 10, 56. þrí-tugr and þrí-tögr, adj. aged thirty, Fms. iv. 2, Hom. 55; þrítögr, Íb. 15: having thirty oars, þrítugt skip, Fms. vii. 234, N. G. L. i. 104: measuring thirty (fathoms, ells), Fas. i. 159, Landn. 51, Rb. 12 ( of thirty days). þrítugs-aldr, m. the age of thirty. þrítug-sessa, u, f. a thirty-oared ship, Nj. 42. þrítugs-morginn, m. the morning of the thirtieth day, N. G. L. i. 14. þrí-tugti, the thirtieth, D. N. iv. 343, 369. þrítög-náttr, adj. = þrítugnátti, of thirty nights, epithet of a month, Íb. 7. þrí-valdi, a, m. the name of a giant, Edda (in a verse). þrí-vegis, adv. thrice. þrí-vetr, adj. three winters old, = þrévetr, Eluc. 149, Stj. 111, O. H. L. ch. 77. þrí-vægr, adj. of triple weight, 732. 16. þrí-þættr, adj. three-twisted. þrí-æri, n. a period of three years, D. N. þrí-ærr, adj. three years old, Stj. 111.

a. consisting of dust (duptligr maðr).

a. consisting of twelve tens; tólfrœtt hundrað, a duodecimal hundred, 120.