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1 Joshua
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2 Joshua
Religion: Jos -
3 Joshua Chasez
Names and surnames: JC -
4 Joshua Clark
Names and surnames: JC -
5 Joshua High School
School: JHSУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Joshua High School
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6 Field, Joshua
SUBJECT AREA: Civil engineering, Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering, Steam and internal combustion engines[br]b. 1786 Hackney, London, Englandd. 11 August 1863 Balham Hill, Surrey, England[br]English mechanical engineer, co-founder of the Institution of Civil Engineers.[br]Joshua Field was educated at a boarding school in Essex until the age of 16, when he obtained employment at the Royal Dockyards at Portsmouth under the Chief Mechanical Superintendent, Simon Goodrich (1773–1847), and later in the drawing office at the Admiralty in Whitehall. At this time, machinery for the manufacture of ships' blocks was being made for the Admiralty by Henry Maudslay, who was in need of a competent draughtsman, and Goodrich recommended Joshua Field. This was the beginning of Field's long association with Maudslay; he later became a partner in the firm which was for many years known as Maudslay, Sons \& Field. They undertook a variety of mechanical engineering work but were renowned for marine steam engines, with Field being responsible for much of the design work in the early years. Joshua Field was the eldest of the eight young men who in 1818 founded the Institution of Civil Engineers; he was the first Chairman of the Institution and later became a vice-president. He was the only one of the founders to be elected President and was the first mechanical engineer to hold that office. James Nasmyth in his autobiography relates that Joshua Field kept a methodical account of his technical discussions in a series of note books which were later indexed. Some of these diaries have survived, and extracts from the notes he made on a tour of the industrial areas of the Midlands and the North West in 1821 have been published.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFRS 1836. President, Institution of Civil Engineers 1848–9. Member, Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers 1835; President 1848.Bibliography1925–6, "Joshua Field's diary of a tour in 1821 through the Midlands", introd. and notes J.W.Hall, Transactions of the Newcomen Society 6:1–41.1932–3, "Joshua Field's diary of a tour in 1821 through the provinces", introd. and notes E.C. Smith, Transactions of the Newcomen Society 13:15–50.RTS -
7 Heilmann, Joshua
See: Heilmann, Josué -
8 Heilmann, Josué (Joshua)
SUBJECT AREA: Textiles[br]b. 1796 Alsaced. 1848[br]Alsatian inventor of the first machine for combing cotton.[br]Josué Heilmann, of Mulhouse, was awarded 5,000 francs offered by the cotton spinners of Alsace for a machine that would comb cotton. It was a process not hitherto applied to this fibre and, when perfected, enabled finer, smoother and more lustrous yarns to be spun. The important feature of Heilmann's method was to use a grip or nip to hold the end of the sliver that was being combed. Two or more combs passed through the protruding fibres to comb them thoroughly, and a brush cylinder and knife cleared away the noils. The combed section was passed forward so that the part held in the nip could then be combed. The combed fibres were joined up with the length already finished. Heilmann obtained a British patent in 1846, but no machines were put to work until 1851. Six firms of cotton spinners in Lancashire paid £30,000 for the cotton-combing rights and Marshall's of Leeds paid £20,000 for the rights to comb flax. Heilmann's machine was used on the European continent for combing silk as well as flax, wool and cotton, so it proved to be very versatile. Priority of his patent was challenged in England because Lister had patented a combing machine with a gripper or nip in 1843; in 1852 the parties went to litigation and cross-suits were instituted. While Heilmann obtained a verdict of infringement against Lister for certain things, Lister also obtained one against Heilmann for other matters. After this outcome, Heilmann's patent was bought on speculation by Messrs Akroyd and Titus Salt for £30,000, but was afterwards resold to Lister for the same amount. In this way Lister was able to exploit his own patent through suppressing Heilmann's.[br]Bibliography1846, British patent no. 11,103 (cotton-combing machine).Further ReadingFor descriptions of his combing machine see: W.English, 1969, The Textile Industry, London; T.K.Derry and T.I.Williams, 1960, A Short History of Technology from the Earliest Times to AD 1900, Oxford; and C.Singer (ed.), 1958, A History of Technology, Vol.IV, Oxford: Clarendon Press.RLHBiographical history of technology > Heilmann, Josué (Joshua)
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9 Ward, Joshua
SUBJECT AREA: Chemical technology[br]b. 1685d. 21 November 1761 London, England[br]English doctor and industrial chemist.[br]Ward is perhaps better described as a "quack" than a medical doctor. His remedies, one containing a dangerous quantity of antimony, were dubious to say the least. A fraudulent attempt to enter Parliament in 1717 forced him to leave the country quickly. After his pardon in 1733, he returned to London and established a successful practice. His medical prowess is immortalized in Hogarth's picture The Harlot's Progress.Sulphuric acid had been an important chemical for centuries and Ward found that he needed large quantities of it to make his remedies. He set up works to manufacture it at Twickenham, near London, in 1736 and then at Richmond three years later. His process consisted of burning a mixture of saltpetre (nitre; potassium nitrate) and sulphur in the neck of a large glass globe containing a little water. Dilute sulphuric acid was thereby formed, which was concentrated by distillation. Although the method was not new, having been described in the seventeenth century by the German chemist Johann Glauber, Ward was granted a patent for his process in 1749. An important feature was the size of the globes, which had no less than fifty gallons' capacity, which must have entailed considerable skill on the part of the glassblowers. Through the adoption of Ward's process, the price of this essential commodity fell from £2 per pound to only 2 shillings. It provided the best method of manufacture until the advent of the lead-chamber process invented by John Roebuck.[br]Further ReadingA.Clow and N.Clow, 1952, The Chemical Revolution: A Contribution to Social Technology, London: Batch worth.C.Singer et al. (eds), 1958, A History of Technology, 7 vols, Oxford: Clarendon Press, Vol. IV.LRD -
10 Josué
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11 Джошуа
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12 Hohua
Joshua -
13 Иисус Навин
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14 джошуа
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15 Josua
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16 Hohua
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17 Joŝuo
Joshua -
18 Джошуа
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19 יהושע בן-נון
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20 Джошуа Рейнолдс
Joshua Reynolds (известный художник)Дополнительный универсальный русско-английский словарь > Джошуа Рейнолдс
См. также в других словарях:
JOSHUA — (Heb. יְהוֹשֻׁעַ; YHWH is salvation ), son of Nun of the tribe of Ephraim and leader of the Israelites in the conquest and apportionment of the land of Canaan; his name was originally Hosea (Num. 13:8, 16; Deut. 32:44). Joshua, who appears in the … Encyclopedia of Judaism
Joshua — ist ein männlicher Vorname. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Herkunft und Bedeutung 2 Namensträger 3 Einzelnachweise 4 Siehe auch … Deutsch Wikipedia
Joshua — 1 Joshua 2 Joshua 3 Joshua 4 Joshua 5 Joshua 6 Joshua 7 Joshua 8 Joshua 9 Joshua 10 Joshua 11 Joshua 12 Joshua 13 … The King James version of the Bible
Joshua — • The name of eight persons in the Old Testament, and of one of the Sacred Books Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Joshua Josue (Joshua) … Catholic encyclopedia
JOSHUA — JOSHUA, early liturgical poet of unknown period. Joshua, who apparently lived in Palestine, is mentioned by saadiah in his introduction to the Iggaron, in conjunction with Eleazar (i.e., kallir ) and phinehas , as one of the first composers of… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
JOSHUA — (mid second century C.E.), tanna, son of akiva . It is told that he stipulated in his marriage contract that his wife had to support him so that he could devote himself to study. Later, during a famine, she contested the validity of the… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
Joshua — Joshua, TX U.S. city in Texas Population (2000): 4528 Housing Units (2000): 1723 Land area (2000): 6.512122 sq. miles (16.866317 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.010301 sq. miles (0.026679 sq. km) Total area (2000): 6.522423 sq. miles (16.892996 sq.… … StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places
Joshua, TX — U.S. city in Texas Population (2000): 4528 Housing Units (2000): 1723 Land area (2000): 6.512122 sq. miles (16.866317 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.010301 sq. miles (0.026679 sq. km) Total area (2000): 6.522423 sq. miles (16.892996 sq. km) FIPS… … StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places
Joshua — masc. proper name, biblical successor of Moses, from Hebrew Yehoshua, lit. the Lord is salvation. Joshua tree (1867) is perhaps so called because its shape compared to pictures of Joshua brandishing a spear (Josh. viii:18). In the top 10 list of… … Etymology dictionary
Joshua — supposedly lived sometime in the late Bronze Age, around 1200 BCE (Before Common Era). However, he is associated with problems concerning the evidence for the Exodus from Egypt. Various reconstructions of the Biblical data about the Exodus have… … Wikipedia
Joshua — m Biblical name (meaning ‘God is salvation’ in Hebrew) borne by the Israelite leader who took command of the children of Israel after the death of Moses and led them, after many battles, to take possession of the promised land. Other forms of his … First names dictionary