ὠνή

v. trans. or absol.

Attack: P. and V. προσβάλλειν (dat.), εἰσβάλλειν (εἰς or πρός, acc.), προσπίπτειν (dat.), εἰσπίπτειν (πρός, acc.), ἐμπίπτειν (dat.) (Xen., also Ar.), V. ἐφορμᾶν (dat.) or pass. (rare P.), P. προσφέρεσθαι (dat.), Ar. and P. ἐπιτίθεσθαι (dat.); see Attack.

Demand as payment: P. and V. εἰσπράσσεσθαι; see Exact.

He charges half the amount to himself, the rest is reckoned as theirs: P. τὸ μὲν ἥμισυ αὑτῷ τίθησι τὸ δὲ τούτοις λελόγισται (Lys. 211.)

Intrust: Ar. and P. ἐπιτρέπειν (τινί τι), P. πιστεύειν (τινί τι), ἐγχειρίζειν (τινί τι), V. εἰσχειρίζειν (τινί τι).

Exhort, command: P. and V. κελεύειν (acc.), ἐπιτάσσειν (dat.), προστάσσειν (dat.), ἐπιστέλλειν (dat.), ἐπισκήπτειν (dat.), Ar. and V. ἐφίεσθαι (dat.), V. ἐξεφίεσθαι (absol.).

Accuse: see Accuse.

Fill: P. and V. πληροῦν, ἐμπιπλάναι, πιμπλάναι (rare P. uncompounded), γεμίζειν.

Attack: P. and V. προσβολή, ἡ, εἰσβολή, ἡ, P. ἐπίθεσις, ἡ, ἐπιχείρησις, ἡ, ἔφοδος, ἡ, ἐπιδρομή, ἡ.

Rush: P. and V. ὁρμή, ἡ, V. ῥιπή, ἡ, Ar. and P. ῥύμη. ἡ.

Run: P. and V. δρόμος, ὁ.

Of ships: P. and V. ἐμβολή, ἡ.

Like a bull ready for the charge, he bellows fiercely: V. ταῦρος ὣς εἰς ἐμβολὴν δεινὰ μυκᾶται (Eur., H.F. 869).

Price: P. ὠνή, ἡ, Ar. and P. τιμή, ἡ; see Price.

Exaction: P. εἴσπραξις, ἡ.

Expense: P. and V. δαπάνη, ἡ.

At his own charges: P. τοῖς αὑτοῦ τέλεσι, τοῖς ἰδίοις τέλεσι.

At the public charge: P. δημοσία.

Duty, task: P. and V. ἔργον, τό; see Task.

Guardianship: P. ἐπιτροπεία, ἡ.

Something intrusted to one's care: V. μέλημα, τό, φρούρημα, τό.

Put in charge of: Ar. and P. ἐπιτρέπειν (τινί τι); see Intrust.

Take charge of: P. and V. ἐπιστατεῖν (dat.), θεραπεύειν (acc.), Ar. and P. ἐπιμέλεσθαι (gen.), V. κηδεύειν (acc.), μέλεσθαι (gen.); see Manage, Guard.

Command: P. πρόσταγμα, τό, ἐπίταγμα, τό, V. ἐντολή, ἡ (Plat. but rare P.), κέλευσμα, τό, κελευσμός, ὁ, ἐφετμή, ἡ, ἐπιστολαί, αἱ.

I impose this service as a charge upon you: V. ὑμῖν... τήνδʼ ἐπισκήπτω χάριν (Soph., Aj. 566).

Accusation: see Accusation.

On a charge of: P. and V. ἐπί (dat.).

Price: Ar. and P. τιμή, ἡ, P. ὠνή, ἡ, P. and V. ἀξία, ἡ, V. τῖμος, ὁ; see Price.

Legal costs (paid by the loser in an action.): P. ἐπωβελία, ἡ.

Expense: P. and V. ἀνάλωμα, τό, δαπάνη, ἡ (Eur., H.F. 592).

You shall speak to your cost: V. κλάων ἐρεῖς (Soph., O.R. 1152; same construction often in Aristophanes).

To make plans to avoid death at all costs: P. μηχανᾶσθαι ὅπως (τις) ἀποφεύξεται πᾶν ποιῶν θάνατον (Plat., Ap. 39^A).

Without cost, adj.: Ar. ἀδάπανος, or use adv., V. ἀδαπάνως; see Free.

At the cost of: P. and V. ἀντί (gen.).

At what cost? P. and V. πόσου;

Be valued at: P. τιμᾶσθαι (gen.).

met., deprive of: P. and V. στερίσκειν (τινά τινος).

I refused to charge more than they cost me: P. οὐκ ἠθέλησα πράξασθαι πλέον ἢ ὅσου ἐμοὶ κατέστησαν (Andoc. 21).

Be at a price: use Ar. and P. γίγνεσθαι (gen.).

Costing nothing, adj.: Ar. ἀδάπανος, or adv., V. ἀδαπάνως.

P. and V. ἔθος, τό, νόμος, ὁ, νόμιμον, τό (Eur., Hel. 1270; but generally pl.), P. συνήθεια, ἡ, ἐπιτήδευμα, τό, V. νόμισμα, τό.

Customs: P. and V. τὰ καθεστῶτα, Ar. and P. τὰ νομιζόμενα.

Hereditary customs: Ar. and P. τὰ πάτρια.

The custom of the country: Ar. and P. τὸ ἐπιχώριον.

Alas! how bad the custom that prevails in Greece: οἴμοι καθʼ Ἑλλάδʼ ὡς κακῶς νομίζεται (Eur., And. 693).

We will say it is not the custom in Greece to bury on land such as die at sea: V. ἀλλʼ οὐ νομίζειν φήσομεν καθʼ Ἑλλάδα χέρσῳ καλύπτειν τοὺς θανόντας ἐναλίους (Eur., Hel. 1065).

It is a custom: P. and V. νομίζεται.

Buying: P. and V. ὠνή, ἡ.

Ar. and P. τιμή, ἡ, P. ὠνή, ἡ, P. and V. ἀξία, ἡ, V. τῖμος, ὁ.

Pay: P. and V. μισθός, ὁ.

What is the price of corn? Ar. πῶς ὁ σῖτος ὤνιος; (Ach. 758).

When the price of corn went up: P. ὅτε ὁ σῖτος ἐπετιμήθη (Dem. 918).

At what price? P. and V. πόσου;

At a high price: P. and V. πολλοῦ.

At the price of, lit.: Ar. and P. ἐπί (dat.).

met., in exchange for: P. and V. ἀντί (gen.).

I would not buy at any price: V. οὐκ ἂν πριαίμην οὐδένος λόγου (Soph., Aj. 477).

At any price: see at all costs, under Cost.

Put a price on a man's head: P. χρήματα ἐπικηρύσσειν (dat.) (Dem. 347).

He put a price upon his head: V. χρυσὸν εἶφʼ ὃς ἂν κτάνῃ (Eur., El. 33).

They set a price on their heads: P. ἐπανεῖπον ἀργύριον τῷ ἀποκτείναντι (Thuc. 6, 60).

P. τιμᾶν; see Value.

P. and V. ὠνεῖσθαι (aor. πρίασθαι), Ar. and V. ἐμπολᾶν, Ar. and P. ἀγοράζειν.

Purchase one's safety: use P. and V. σώζεσθαι.

P. and V. ὠνή, ἡ.

Something bought: P. and V. ἐμπολή, ἡ (Xen. and Eur., Cycl. 254), V. ἐμπόλημα, τό (Eur., Cycl. 137).

Assessment: P. σύνταξις, ἡ, σύνταγμα, τό.

Tax: Ar. and P. τέλος, τό.

Price: Ar. and P. τιμή, ἡ, P. ὠνή, ἡ, P. and V. ἀξία, ἡ, V. τῖμος, ὁ; see Price.

At the rate of: Ar. and P. ἐπί (dat.).

At a high rate: P. ἐπὶ πολλῷ.

Rate of interest: see per cent.

At this rate, as things are going: use P. and V. οὕτω, οὕτως, ταύτῃ.

At any rate: γε, γοῦν, γε μήν, ἀλλά, ἀλλά... γε.

Rate of motion: P. φορά, ἡ.

Speed: P. and V. τάχος, τό.

Estimate, assess: P. τάσσειν, συντάσσειν.

Rate highty, value: P. περὶ πολλοῦ ποιεῖσθαι (acc.).

Reckon, consider: P. and V. νομίζειν, ἡγεῖσθαι; see Consider.

Be rated among: P. and V. τελεῖν εἰς (acc.), P. συντελεῖν εἰς (acc.).

Blame: P. and V. μέμφεσθαι (acc. or dat.), ψέγειν; see Blame.

Abuse: P. and V. κακῶς λέγειν; see Abuse.

Selling: P. and V. πρᾶσις, ἡ (Soph., frag.).

Buying: P. and V. ὠνή, ἡ (Soph., frag.).

met., intrigue: P. παρασκευή, ἡ.

τελώνης, ου, ὁ (τέλος, ὠνέομαι or the related noun ὠνή ‘buying, purchasing’; Aristoph., Aeschin. et al.; ins, pap, ostraca) tax-collector, revenue officer (cp. τέλος 5; Goodsp., Probs. 28; on the semantic range of τελώνη s. New Docs 5, 103; cp. JVergote, Eos 48, ’56, 149–60, s. p. 149). The τελ. in the synoptics (the only part of our lit. where they are mentioned) are not the holders (Lat. publicani) of the ‘taxfarming’ contracts themselves, but subordinates (Lat. portitores) hired by them; the higher officials were usu. foreigners, but their underlings were, as a rule, taken fr. the native population. The prevailing system of tax collection afforded a collector many opportunities to exercise greed and unfairness. Hence tax collectors were particularly hated and despised as a class (s. these condemnatory judgments on the τελῶναι: Demochares [300 B.C.] 75 Fgm. 4 Jac. τελ. βάναυσος; Xeno Com. III 390 Kock πάντες τελῶναι ἅρπαγες; Herodas 6, 64; Diogenes, Ep. 36, 2; Lucian, Necyom. 11; Artem. 1, 23; 4, 42; 57; Heraclid. Crit., Reisebilder 7 p. 76, 6 Pfister; Ps.-Dicaearchus p. 143, 7 Fuhr.; Iambl. Erot. 34; Cicero, De Off. 1, 150; UPZ 113, 9; 16 [156 B.C.]; O. Wilck I 568f; PPrinc II, 20, 1ff [on this OReinmuth, ClPh 31, ’36, 146–62]; Philo, Spec. Leg. 2, 93ff. Rabbinic material in Schürer I 374–76; Billerb. I 377f, 498f). A strict Israelite was further offended by the fact that tax-collectors had to maintain continual contact w. non-Israelites in the course of their work; this rendered an Israelite tax-collector ceremonially unclean. The prevailing attitude is expressed in these combinations: τελῶναι καὶ ἁμαρτωλοί (s. ἁμαρτωλός bβ) Mt 9:10f; 11:19; Mk 2:15, 16ab (RPesch, BRigaux Festschr., ’70, 63–87; cp. Theophr., Characters 6, 47); Lk 5:30; 7:34; 15:1 (JJeremias, ZNW 30, ’31, 293–300). ὁ ἐθνικὸς καὶ ὁ τελώνης Mt 18:17. οἱ τελῶναι καὶ αἱ πόρναι 21:31f. As typically selfish 5:46.—Lk 3:12 (Sb 8072, 6 [II A.D.] a prefect reprimands τελ. who demand τὰ μὴ ὀφιλόμενα αὐτοῖς); 5:29; 7:29. A Pharisee and a tax-collector Lk 18:10f, 13. Μαθθαῖος ὁ τελώνης Mt 10:3 (Jos., Bell. 2, 287 Ἰωάννης ὁ τελώνης). τελ. ὀνόματι Λευί Lk 5:27 (cp. Λευί 4).—Schürer I 372–76; JMarquardt, Staatsverw. II² 1884, 261ff; 289ff; AJones, Studies in Rom. Gov’t. and Law, ’60, 101–14; JDonahue, CBQ 33, ’71, 39–61; EBadian, Publicans and Sinners ’72; WWalker, JBL 97, ’78, 221–38; FHerrenbrück, ZNW 72, ’81, 178–94, Jesus und die Zöllner ’90; DBraud, Gabinus, Caesar, and the ‘publicani’ of Judaea: Klio 65, ’83, 241–44; MGoodman, The Ruling Class of Judaea ’87. S. κῆνσος.—Kl. Pauly V 1551; BHHW III 2245f.—New Docs 5, 103, also 8, 47–56. DELG s.v. τέλο and ὀνέομαι. Frisk s.v. τέλο and ὦνο. M-M. EDNT. TW.