שעבר

כֹּהֵןm. (b. h.; כהן, v. כּוּן; cmp. b. h. כַּן) (standing, stationed, officer, esp. priest. Yoma 6a, a. fr. כ׳ גדול (abbr. כ״ג) high priest, כ׳ הדיוט ordinary priest. Meg.I, 9 כ׳ משוח an anointed high priest, contrad. to מרובה בגדים a high priest distinguished only by his robes (but not anointed, as in the days of the Second Temple). Ib. כ׳ משמש officiating highpriest, כ׳ שעבר a substitute of the high priest no longer required, ex-substitute. Hor.III, 8 ממזר … קודם לכ״גע״ה a bastard who is a scholar has the precedence of an ignorant high priest; a. v. fr.Pl. כֹּהֲנִים. Yeb.86b, a. e. בכ״ד מקומות נקראו חכ׳ וכ in twenty four Biblical passages the priests are designated as Levites; a. v. fr.תּוֹרַת כֹּהֲנִים (abbr. ת״כ) Torath Kohănim, a) name of the third book of Moses, Leviticus. Kidd.33a. Lev. R. s. 7 מפני מה … בת״כ why do we, in teaching children, commence with Leviticus? a. e.b) name of an halachic commentary to Leviticus, also named Sifra. Yeb.72b; a. fr.Fem. כֹּהֶנֶת, כּוֹהֶ׳ a priests daughter or wife. Ḥull.131b, sq.Keth.IV, 8 ובכ׳ and in the case of a priests wife. Ib. VII, 1, sq. (70a) ובכ׳ Mish. a. Y. ed. (Bab. ed. ובכהן). Ib. 71a; a. fr.Pl. כֹּהֲנוֹת, כּוֹחֲ׳. Ber.44a. Yeb.III, 10 אם חיו כ׳ (Y. ed. כוה׳) if they are daughters of priests; a. e.

כֹּהֵןm. (b. h.; כהן, v. כּוּן; cmp. b. h. כַּן) (standing, stationed, officer, esp. priest. Yoma 6a, a. fr. כ׳ גדול (abbr. כ״ג) high priest, כ׳ הדיוט ordinary priest. Meg.I, 9 כ׳ משוח an anointed high priest, contrad. to מרובה בגדים a high priest distinguished only by his robes (but not anointed, as in the days of the Second Temple). Ib. כ׳ משמש officiating highpriest, כ׳ שעבר a substitute of the high priest no longer required, ex-substitute. Hor.III, 8 ממזר … קודם לכ״גע״ה a bastard who is a scholar has the precedence of an ignorant high priest; a. v. fr.Pl. כֹּהֲנִים. Yeb.86b, a. e. בכ״ד מקומות נקראו חכ׳ וכ in twenty four Biblical passages the priests are designated as Levites; a. v. fr.תּוֹרַת כֹּהֲנִים (abbr. ת״כ) Torath Kohănim, a) name of the third book of Moses, Leviticus. Kidd.33a. Lev. R. s. 7 מפני מה … בת״כ why do we, in teaching children, commence with Leviticus? a. e.b) name of an halachic commentary to Leviticus, also named Sifra. Yeb.72b; a. fr.Fem. כֹּהֶנֶת, כּוֹהֶ׳ a priests daughter or wife. Ḥull.131b, sq.Keth.IV, 8 ובכ׳ and in the case of a priests wife. Ib. VII, 1, sq. (70a) ובכ׳ Mish. a. Y. ed. (Bab. ed. ובכהן). Ib. 71a; a. fr.Pl. כֹּהֲנוֹת, כּוֹחֲ׳. Ber.44a. Yeb.III, 10 אם חיו כ׳ (Y. ed. כוה׳) if they are daughters of priests; a. e.

מָשִׁיחַm. (b. h.; מָשַׁח I) anointed, esp. 1) כֹּהֵן מ׳ or מ׳ (v. מָשוּחַ, s. v. מָשַׁח I, v. Lev. 4:3) the high priest installed by anointment. Tosef.Meg.I, 18 כ׳ מ׳ משמש the active high priest; כ׳ מ׳ שעבר the unfitted high priest (prevented from officiating on the Day of Atonement). Hor.III, 4 ואיזהו המ׳ המשוחוכ׳ what high priest is called mashiaḥ? He who has been anointed Sifra Vayikra, Ḥobah, ch. I, Par. 2, a. e. מ׳ יכול זה המלך by mashiaḥ (Lev. 4:3) you might understand the king. Ib. המ׳ זה מ׳וכ׳ ‘the anointed means an anointed who has no superior anointed; a. fr. 2) מֶלֶךְ הַמָּ׳, or מָ׳ the Messiah, the future redeemer of Israel from captivity. Gen. R. s. 2 (ref. to Gen. 1:2) זה רוחו של מ׳ המ׳ that means the divine spirit of the king Messiah (with ref. to Is. 11:2). Succ.52a, a. fr. מ׳ בן דוד the Davidic Messiah, contrad. to מ׳ בן יוסף the M., son of Joseph, who is to precede the former. Snh.98b אין מ׳ לישראלוכ׳ Israel has no Messiah to expect, for it has enjoyed him (the glory which he was predicted to bring) in the days of Hezekiah. Ib. 97a; a. fr.ימות המ׳ the Messianic epoch. Ib. bot. Ber.I, 5 להביא לימות מ׳ this includes (the duty of remembering the exodus from Egypt) even in the Messianic days; a. fr.חבלו של מ׳, v. חֵבֶל.Pl. מְשִׁיחִים. Pesik. R. s. 8 (ref. to Zech. 4:3) אלו שני המ׳ אחד משוח מלחמהוכ׳ these are the two expected Messiahs, one appointed to conduct war (מ׳ בן יוסף) ; Yalk. Zech. 570.

מָשִׁיחַm. (b. h.; מָשַׁח I) anointed, esp. 1) כֹּהֵן מ׳ or מ׳ (v. מָשוּחַ, s. v. מָשַׁח I, v. Lev. 4:3) the high priest installed by anointment. Tosef.Meg.I, 18 כ׳ מ׳ משמש the active high priest; כ׳ מ׳ שעבר the unfitted high priest (prevented from officiating on the Day of Atonement). Hor.III, 4 ואיזהו המ׳ המשוחוכ׳ what high priest is called mashiaḥ? He who has been anointed Sifra Vayikra, Ḥobah, ch. I, Par. 2, a. e. מ׳ יכול זה המלך by mashiaḥ (Lev. 4:3) you might understand the king. Ib. המ׳ זה מ׳וכ׳ ‘the anointed means an anointed who has no superior anointed; a. fr. 2) מֶלֶךְ הַמָּ׳, or מָ׳ the Messiah, the future redeemer of Israel from captivity. Gen. R. s. 2 (ref. to Gen. 1:2) זה רוחו של מ׳ המ׳ that means the divine spirit of the king Messiah (with ref. to Is. 11:2). Succ.52a, a. fr. מ׳ בן דוד the Davidic Messiah, contrad. to מ׳ בן יוסף the M., son of Joseph, who is to precede the former. Snh.98b אין מ׳ לישראלוכ׳ Israel has no Messiah to expect, for it has enjoyed him (the glory which he was predicted to bring) in the days of Hezekiah. Ib. 97a; a. fr.ימות המ׳ the Messianic epoch. Ib. bot. Ber.I, 5 להביא לימות מ׳ this includes (the duty of remembering the exodus from Egypt) even in the Messianic days; a. fr.חבלו של מ׳, v. חֵבֶל.Pl. מְשִׁיחִים. Pesik. R. s. 8 (ref. to Zech. 4:3) אלו שני המ׳ אחד משוח מלחמהוכ׳ these are the two expected Messiahs, one appointed to conduct war (מ׳ בן יוסף) ; Yalk. Zech. 570.

עָבַר(b. h.) 1) to be thick, swell; to run over. Par. VI, 4 כדי שיַעַבְרוּ המיםוכ׳ that the water may overflow into a vessel; a. e.Ex. R. s. 15 שאני עוֹבֵר, v. עֶבְרָה. 2) (cmp. סְגֵי I a. II) to pass, to cross. Tosef.Sot.VIII, 1; Sot.33b כיצד עָבְרוּ ישראל אתוכ׳ in what manner did the Israelites cross the Jordan? Cant. R. to V, 13 עוֹבֵר הוא וחוזרוכ׳ he goes over his studies once and again ; a. fr.ע׳ את הדין to cross the line of justice, to be too severe. Midd. II, 2 כאילו עברו עליווכ׳ as if they had treated him too severely (arbitrarily). Ex. R. s. 30 כשם שאני יכול לַעֲבוֹר … ואני איני מַעֲבִירוכ׳ as I (the Lord) have power to treat the nations with rigor, but refrain from doing so, so shall you not go beyond the line of justice. Ib. עִיבְּרָה את הדין (Pi.); a. e. 3) (with על) to pass over (a sin); to forgive. Cant. R. to V, 5 (play on מור עובר, ib.) מר עובר ע׳ על מררי the bitterness passes away, he (the Lord) passes over my bitterness (sin). R. Hash. 17a (ref. To Mic. 7:18) למי נושא עון למי שעובר על פשע whose iniquity does he pardon? the iniquity of him who forgives (his neighbors) transgression; a. e. 4) to transgress, sin. Yoma 86b, a. e. כיון שע׳ אדם עבירה ושנהוכ׳ as soon as a man has committed a sin and repeated it, it becomes to him a permitted act. Ib. a, a. e. ע׳ על עשה when one has transgressed a positive law (committed a sin of omission). Ib. ע׳ על כריתותוכ׳ when one has committed sins punishable with extinction or death by a court. Erub.100a, a. fr. עובר על בלוכ׳, v. בַּל. Keth.VII, 6 העוֹבֶרֶת על דתוכ׳ if a wife offends against Mosaic or Jewish customs, v. דַּת; Y. ib. VII, 31c top נשים המְעַבְּרוֹת על הדת (Pi.); a. v. fr. 5) to pass, overtake, precede. Pes.7b כל המצות מברך עליהן עובר לעשייתן in the performance of all religious ceremonies one must say the benediction over them before doing them; מאי משמע דהאי עובר לישנא דאקדומי היא what evidence is there that this ‘ober has the meaning of precedence? Answ. by ref. to ויעבר (2 Sam. 18:23) ‘and he arrived before the Cushite. 6) to pass by, go away, be removed. Pes.III, 1 אלו עוֹבְרִין בפסח the following things must pass away (their use must be suspended) during Passover. Bets.26a, a. fr. מום עובר a transitory blemish, opp. קבוע. Ber.26a ע׳ יומו בטל קרבנו when its day is passed, the sacrifice of the day is void. Pes.II, 2 חמץ … שע׳ עליו הפסח leavened matter … over which Passover has passed (which had been in the house during Passover). Ber.IX, 3 הצועק לַשֶּׁעָבַרוכ׳ praying for what is passed (decided) is a vain prayer, e. g. if ones wife is with child, and one prays, may it be the will of God that my wife bear a male child; Y.Taan.II, 65c bot. נותן הודייה לשעבר וצועקוכ׳ one gives thanks for what is passed, and prays for what is to come. Gitt.VII, 7 כל זמן שאֱעֶבוֹר מכנגד פניךוכ׳ as soon as I shall have been out of thy sight for thirty days; Tosef. ib. VII (V), 10. Keth.17a ע׳ מלפני כלה he passed aside to make room for a bridal procession. Yoma 66a, a. e. חטאת שעָבְרָה שנתה a sin-offering whose year is passed (that is older than one year); Tem.22a שעִיבְּרָה שנתה (Pi.) whose year is completed (v. infra). Ib. 21b בכור שעברה שנתו a first-born animal older than one year; R. Hash. 5b; Zeb.29a bot. שעיברה; Tosef.Snh.III, 6 בכור שעיברה זמנו ed. Zuck. (read with Var.: שעבר). Keth.87a על שֶׁעָ׳ as regards the past, v. עָתִיד; a. v. fr.לַשֶּׁעָ׳ in former days. Gen. R. s. 47, opp. עַכְשָׁיו; a. fr. Hif. חֶעֱבִיר 1) to lead past, stroke gently. Tosef.Sabb.VII (VIII), 23 (read:) מַעֲבִירִין על גבי העין בשבת you are permitted to stroke a sore eye on the Sabbath; Y. ib. XIV, 14c bot. מעבירין על העין. Ib. הֶעֱבִירוּ עליו כלים they passed garments over it. 2) to cause to pass; to remove, displace. Keth.17a מַעֲבִירִין את המת מלפני כלהוכ׳ a funeral procession is made to make way for a bridal procession, and both of them for the king, v. supra. Gitt.57b שאין אנו מעבירין אותו באל אחר that we shall never displace him for another god; שאין מַעֲבִיר אותנווכ׳ that he will never displace us for another nation. Ex. R. s. 30 כאילו היא מעביר איקיניןוכ׳ as if he removed (defaced) the kings portrait; a. fr. 3) to go beyond. Ib. איני מעבירוכ׳, v. supra. Ib. הבריות מעבירין על הדיןוכ׳ men go beyond the line of justice (are treacherous, cruel), and they are punished; a. e. 4) to skip over; to forego, postpone.ה׳ על מדותיו, v. מִדָּה.Yoma 33a; 58b, a. fr. אין מעבירין על המצות you must not forego the occasion for performing a religious act. Erub.64b אין מעבירין על האוכלין you must not pass by eatables (and let them lie in the street); B. Mets.23a; a. fr. 5) to forego, overlook, pardon. R. Hash. 17a (ref. to Mic. 7:18) מעביר ראשון ראשין וכך היא המדה (Ms. M. על ראשוןוכ׳; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) he pardons one sin after the other (before they are put on the scale), and such is the divine dealing. Ib. מעבירין לו על כל פשעיו all his transgressions are pardoned; a. fr. 6) to cause to forego or disregard. Erub.41b שלשה דברים מעבירין … עלוכ׳ three things make a man disregard his own sense (of right) and the sense of his Maker; a. e. Pi. עִיבֵּר 1) to be completed, full. Tem.22a, a. e., v. supra. 2) to transgress repeatedly. Y.Keth.VII, 31c top, v. supra. 3) to go beyond. Ex. R. l. c. עיברה את הדין, v. supra. Tosef.B. Kam. VI, 22 שעיברה הדליקה עד, read with Y. ib. VII, 5c. שעברה … את. 4) (v. עוּבָּר) to carry, be with young. Kidd.31b כי עִבַּרְתּוֹ אמווכ׳ while his mother was pregnant with him, his father died. Tosef.B. Kam. X, 1 ועִיבְּרָה אצלו (B. Kam.IX, 1 ונִתְעַבְּרָה) and the cow became pregnant while she was in his possession. Ḥull.58a; a. fr.Part. pass. f. מְעוּבֶּרֶת; pl. מְעוּבָּרוֹת pregnant. Yeb.XVI, 1. Ib. 36b, a. e. מע׳ חבירו a woman who is with child of another man (divorced or widowed during pregnancy). Gen. R. s. 85 מלכים אני מע׳ גיאלים אני מע׳ I am pregnant with kings, with redeemers (kings and redeemers are destined to be of my offspring). Yeb.III, 10; a. fr. 4) (v. עִיבּוּר) to extend the city limits, for the purpose of defining Sabbath distances, in cases of buildings projecting beyond the city lines (outskirts). Erub.V, 1 כיצד מְעַבְּרִיןוכ׳ (v. אָבַר), defined ib. 53a; Y. ib. V, beg.22b; Y.Ber.VII, 12c top כאשה עוברה like a pregnant woman; Tosef. ib. VI (V), 1; a. e. 6) to complement, add to, esp. to intercalate a month, (second Adar); proclaim a leap year; to complement a month (v. מָלֵא) by assigning to it an additional day (thirty days). Tosef.Snh.II, 1 שנים אומרים צריכה לְעַבֵּר if two judges say, it is necessary to intercalate a month. Ib. 2 על שלשה סימנים מעבריןוכ׳ on three indications the intercalation is decided; על שנים מעבריןוכ׳ when two of them exist, the intercalation is decreed. Ib. ואם עִיבְּרוּהָ הרי זו מעוברת but if they proclaimed it a leap-year, it remains a leap-year; a. fr.Part. pass. מְעוּבָּר; f. מְעוּבֶּרֶת. R. Hash. 19b אלול מע׳ an Elul of thirty days. Snh.11b אינה מע׳ the year is not a leap-year (the declared intercalation is invalid); a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְעַבֵּר, Nithpa. נִתְעַבֵּר 1) to swell (with anger), to become wroth. Sifré Num. 135 (expl. ויתעבר, Deut. 3:26) כאדם שאומר נ׳ בי פלוני נתמלאוכ׳ as a man says, that man (became full) got wroth with me, meaning, he was filled with wrath against me; Yalk. Deut. 818; Sifré Deut. 29 כאשה שאינה יכולה לשוח מפני עוברה ( swelled,) like a woman that cannot bend down on account of the child she is pregnant with; v. עֶבְרָה. 2) to become pregnant. Gen. R. s. 45 מביאה … נִתְעַבְּרָה she conceived on her first intercourse; אין אשה מִתְעַבֶּרֶתוכ׳ no woman conceives on ; Yeb.34a. Ib. b כדי שלא תִתְעַבֵּרוכ׳ that she may not become with child, and her beauty, v. כָּחַש. B. Kam.IX, 1 ונתעברה אצלו, v. supra; a. fr. 3) to be extended, to be consolidated into one township. Y.Erub.V, 22b bot. יכול אני … בית מעון מתעברתוכ׳ I can cause Beth Ma‘on and Tiberias to be considered one township (as regards Sabbath distances). 4) to be added to, to be proclaimed a full month (of thirty days), a leap-year (of thirteen months). Y.R. Hash. III, beg. 58c ניסן לא נ׳ מימיו Nisan was never made a full month (by decree of the court); Y.Shebi.X, beg.39b; a. e.Snh.12a ראויה … שתִּתְעַבֵּר that year ought to have been a leap-year. B. Mets. נִתְעַבְּרָה השנה נתע׳ לשוכר if the year was made a leap-year, the tenant (that rented by the year) reaps the benefit of the intercalation. R. Hash. 19b; a. fr. Nif. נֶעֱבַר (with עֲבֵרָה) to be committed. Tosef.B. Kam. X, 3 בהמה ונֶעֶבְרָה בה עבירה if one stole a beast, and some sinful act was committed on it (by which it became forbidden for any benefit); (B. Kam.IX, 2, a. fr. נעבדה … עבירה).

עָבַר(b. h.) 1) to be thick, swell; to run over. Par. VI, 4 כדי שיַעַבְרוּ המיםוכ׳ that the water may overflow into a vessel; a. e.Ex. R. s. 15 שאני עוֹבֵר, v. עֶבְרָה. 2) (cmp. סְגֵי I a. II) to pass, to cross. Tosef.Sot.VIII, 1; Sot.33b כיצד עָבְרוּ ישראל אתוכ׳ in what manner did the Israelites cross the Jordan? Cant. R. to V, 13 עוֹבֵר הוא וחוזרוכ׳ he goes over his studies once and again ; a. fr.ע׳ את הדין to cross the line of justice, to be too severe. Midd. II, 2 כאילו עברו עליווכ׳ as if they had treated him too severely (arbitrarily). Ex. R. s. 30 כשם שאני יכול לַעֲבוֹר … ואני איני מַעֲבִירוכ׳ as I (the Lord) have power to treat the nations with rigor, but refrain from doing so, so shall you not go beyond the line of justice. Ib. עִיבְּרָה את הדין (Pi.); a. e. 3) (with על) to pass over (a sin); to forgive. Cant. R. to V, 5 (play on מור עובר, ib.) מר עובר ע׳ על מררי the bitterness passes away, he (the Lord) passes over my bitterness (sin). R. Hash. 17a (ref. To Mic. 7:18) למי נושא עון למי שעובר על פשע whose iniquity does he pardon? the iniquity of him who forgives (his neighbors) transgression; a. e. 4) to transgress, sin. Yoma 86b, a. e. כיון שע׳ אדם עבירה ושנהוכ׳ as soon as a man has committed a sin and repeated it, it becomes to him a permitted act. Ib. a, a. e. ע׳ על עשה when one has transgressed a positive law (committed a sin of omission). Ib. ע׳ על כריתותוכ׳ when one has committed sins punishable with extinction or death by a court. Erub.100a, a. fr. עובר על בלוכ׳, v. בַּל. Keth.VII, 6 העוֹבֶרֶת על דתוכ׳ if a wife offends against Mosaic or Jewish customs, v. דַּת; Y. ib. VII, 31c top נשים המְעַבְּרוֹת על הדת (Pi.); a. v. fr. 5) to pass, overtake, precede. Pes.7b כל המצות מברך עליהן עובר לעשייתן in the performance of all religious ceremonies one must say the benediction over them before doing them; מאי משמע דהאי עובר לישנא דאקדומי היא what evidence is there that this ‘ober has the meaning of precedence? Answ. by ref. to ויעבר (2 Sam. 18:23) ‘and he arrived before the Cushite. 6) to pass by, go away, be removed. Pes.III, 1 אלו עוֹבְרִין בפסח the following things must pass away (their use must be suspended) during Passover. Bets.26a, a. fr. מום עובר a transitory blemish, opp. קבוע. Ber.26a ע׳ יומו בטל קרבנו when its day is passed, the sacrifice of the day is void. Pes.II, 2 חמץ … שע׳ עליו הפסח leavened matter … over which Passover has passed (which had been in the house during Passover). Ber.IX, 3 הצועק לַשֶּׁעָבַרוכ׳ praying for what is passed (decided) is a vain prayer, e. g. if ones wife is with child, and one prays, may it be the will of God that my wife bear a male child; Y.Taan.II, 65c bot. נותן הודייה לשעבר וצועקוכ׳ one gives thanks for what is passed, and prays for what is to come. Gitt.VII, 7 כל זמן שאֱעֶבוֹר מכנגד פניךוכ׳ as soon as I shall have been out of thy sight for thirty days; Tosef. ib. VII (V), 10. Keth.17a ע׳ מלפני כלה he passed aside to make room for a bridal procession. Yoma 66a, a. e. חטאת שעָבְרָה שנתה a sin-offering whose year is passed (that is older than one year); Tem.22a שעִיבְּרָה שנתה (Pi.) whose year is completed (v. infra). Ib. 21b בכור שעברה שנתו a first-born animal older than one year; R. Hash. 5b; Zeb.29a bot. שעיברה; Tosef.Snh.III, 6 בכור שעיברה זמנו ed. Zuck. (read with Var.: שעבר). Keth.87a על שֶׁעָ׳ as regards the past, v. עָתִיד; a. v. fr.לַשֶּׁעָ׳ in former days. Gen. R. s. 47, opp. עַכְשָׁיו; a. fr. Hif. חֶעֱבִיר 1) to lead past, stroke gently. Tosef.Sabb.VII (VIII), 23 (read:) מַעֲבִירִין על גבי העין בשבת you are permitted to stroke a sore eye on the Sabbath; Y. ib. XIV, 14c bot. מעבירין על העין. Ib. הֶעֱבִירוּ עליו כלים they passed garments over it. 2) to cause to pass; to remove, displace. Keth.17a מַעֲבִירִין את המת מלפני כלהוכ׳ a funeral procession is made to make way for a bridal procession, and both of them for the king, v. supra. Gitt.57b שאין אנו מעבירין אותו באל אחר that we shall never displace him for another god; שאין מַעֲבִיר אותנווכ׳ that he will never displace us for another nation. Ex. R. s. 30 כאילו היא מעביר איקיניןוכ׳ as if he removed (defaced) the kings portrait; a. fr. 3) to go beyond. Ib. איני מעבירוכ׳, v. supra. Ib. הבריות מעבירין על הדיןוכ׳ men go beyond the line of justice (are treacherous, cruel), and they are punished; a. e. 4) to skip over; to forego, postpone.ה׳ על מדותיו, v. מִדָּה.Yoma 33a; 58b, a. fr. אין מעבירין על המצות you must not forego the occasion for performing a religious act. Erub.64b אין מעבירין על האוכלין you must not pass by eatables (and let them lie in the street); B. Mets.23a; a. fr. 5) to forego, overlook, pardon. R. Hash. 17a (ref. to Mic. 7:18) מעביר ראשון ראשין וכך היא המדה (Ms. M. על ראשוןוכ׳; v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) he pardons one sin after the other (before they are put on the scale), and such is the divine dealing. Ib. מעבירין לו על כל פשעיו all his transgressions are pardoned; a. fr. 6) to cause to forego or disregard. Erub.41b שלשה דברים מעבירין … עלוכ׳ three things make a man disregard his own sense (of right) and the sense of his Maker; a. e. Pi. עִיבֵּר 1) to be completed, full. Tem.22a, a. e., v. supra. 2) to transgress repeatedly. Y.Keth.VII, 31c top, v. supra. 3) to go beyond. Ex. R. l. c. עיברה את הדין, v. supra. Tosef.B. Kam. VI, 22 שעיברה הדליקה עד, read with Y. ib. VII, 5c. שעברה … את. 4) (v. עוּבָּר) to carry, be with young. Kidd.31b כי עִבַּרְתּוֹ אמווכ׳ while his mother was pregnant with him, his father died. Tosef.B. Kam. X, 1 ועִיבְּרָה אצלו (B. Kam.IX, 1 ונִתְעַבְּרָה) and the cow became pregnant while she was in his possession. Ḥull.58a; a. fr.Part. pass. f. מְעוּבֶּרֶת; pl. מְעוּבָּרוֹת pregnant. Yeb.XVI, 1. Ib. 36b, a. e. מע׳ חבירו a woman who is with child of another man (divorced or widowed during pregnancy). Gen. R. s. 85 מלכים אני מע׳ גיאלים אני מע׳ I am pregnant with kings, with redeemers (kings and redeemers are destined to be of my offspring). Yeb.III, 10; a. fr. 4) (v. עִיבּוּר) to extend the city limits, for the purpose of defining Sabbath distances, in cases of buildings projecting beyond the city lines (outskirts). Erub.V, 1 כיצד מְעַבְּרִיןוכ׳ (v. אָבַר), defined ib. 53a; Y. ib. V, beg.22b; Y.Ber.VII, 12c top כאשה עוברה like a pregnant woman; Tosef. ib. VI (V), 1; a. e. 6) to complement, add to, esp. to intercalate a month, (second Adar); proclaim a leap year; to complement a month (v. מָלֵא) by assigning to it an additional day (thirty days). Tosef.Snh.II, 1 שנים אומרים צריכה לְעַבֵּר if two judges say, it is necessary to intercalate a month. Ib. 2 על שלשה סימנים מעבריןוכ׳ on three indications the intercalation is decided; על שנים מעבריןוכ׳ when two of them exist, the intercalation is decreed. Ib. ואם עִיבְּרוּהָ הרי זו מעוברת but if they proclaimed it a leap-year, it remains a leap-year; a. fr.Part. pass. מְעוּבָּר; f. מְעוּבֶּרֶת. R. Hash. 19b אלול מע׳ an Elul of thirty days. Snh.11b אינה מע׳ the year is not a leap-year (the declared intercalation is invalid); a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְעַבֵּר, Nithpa. נִתְעַבֵּר 1) to swell (with anger), to become wroth. Sifré Num. 135 (expl. ויתעבר, Deut. 3:26) כאדם שאומר נ׳ בי פלוני נתמלאוכ׳ as a man says, that man (became full) got wroth with me, meaning, he was filled with wrath against me; Yalk. Deut. 818; Sifré Deut. 29 כאשה שאינה יכולה לשוח מפני עוברה ( swelled,) like a woman that cannot bend down on account of the child she is pregnant with; v. עֶבְרָה. 2) to become pregnant. Gen. R. s. 45 מביאה … נִתְעַבְּרָה she conceived on her first intercourse; אין אשה מִתְעַבֶּרֶתוכ׳ no woman conceives on ; Yeb.34a. Ib. b כדי שלא תִתְעַבֵּרוכ׳ that she may not become with child, and her beauty, v. כָּחַש. B. Kam.IX, 1 ונתעברה אצלו, v. supra; a. fr. 3) to be extended, to be consolidated into one township. Y.Erub.V, 22b bot. יכול אני … בית מעון מתעברתוכ׳ I can cause Beth Ma‘on and Tiberias to be considered one township (as regards Sabbath distances). 4) to be added to, to be proclaimed a full month (of thirty days), a leap-year (of thirteen months). Y.R. Hash. III, beg. 58c ניסן לא נ׳ מימיו Nisan was never made a full month (by decree of the court); Y.Shebi.X, beg.39b; a. e.Snh.12a ראויה … שתִּתְעַבֵּר that year ought to have been a leap-year. B. Mets. נִתְעַבְּרָה השנה נתע׳ לשוכר if the year was made a leap-year, the tenant (that rented by the year) reaps the benefit of the intercalation. R. Hash. 19b; a. fr. Nif. נֶעֱבַר (with עֲבֵרָה) to be committed. Tosef.B. Kam. X, 3 בהמה ונֶעֶבְרָה בה עבירה if one stole a beast, and some sinful act was committed on it (by which it became forbidden for any benefit); (B. Kam.IX, 2, a. fr. נעבדה … עבירה).

עָתִידm. עֲתִידָה f. (b. h.; עָתַד) standing (cmp. עָמַד); ready, designated; in future. Meg.15b; Snh.111b ע׳הקב״ה להיותוכ׳ at a future time the Lord shall be a crown on the head of every righteous man. Sabb.138b ע׳ תורה שתשתכחוכ׳ a time will come when the Law will be forgotten in Israel; a. fr.הֶעָ׳ לָבֹא (or הֶעָ׳) the future. Keth.87a משביעין אותה על הע׳ לבא we administer an oath to her in regard to her conduct in the future, opp. על שעבר; a. fr.Esp. לֶעָתִיד לָבֹא (abbrev. לע״ל) in the Messianic future; in the hereafter (v. עוֹלָם). Ab. Zar.3b לע״ל באין אומותוכ׳ in the Messianic days the nations of the world will come and ask to be converted. Ib. אין גהינם לע״ל there is no Gehenna (hell) in the hereafter, but the Lord leads the sun forth Ab. II, 16 ודע שמתן … לע״ל but remember that the reward of the righteous is reserved for the hereafter; a. fr.Pl. עֲתִידִים, עֲתִידִין; עֲתִידוֹת. Ber.43b ע׳ בחורי ישראלוכ׳ the time will come when the youths of Israel shall give forth a flavor Sabb.152b ע׳ צדיקים דהוו עפרא (even) the righteous are destined to turn to dust. Yeb.63a ע׳ כל בעלי … שיעמדווכ׳ time will be when all tradesmen will turn to agriculture; a. fr.Tosef.Kel.B. Mets.VII, 12 עתידין, v. עֲכִירִים.

עָתִידm. עֲתִידָה f. (b. h.; עָתַד) standing (cmp. עָמַד); ready, designated; in future. Meg.15b; Snh.111b ע׳הקב״ה להיותוכ׳ at a future time the Lord shall be a crown on the head of every righteous man. Sabb.138b ע׳ תורה שתשתכחוכ׳ a time will come when the Law will be forgotten in Israel; a. fr.הֶעָ׳ לָבֹא (or הֶעָ׳) the future. Keth.87a משביעין אותה על הע׳ לבא we administer an oath to her in regard to her conduct in the future, opp. על שעבר; a. fr.Esp. לֶעָתִיד לָבֹא (abbrev. לע״ל) in the Messianic future; in the hereafter (v. עוֹלָם). Ab. Zar.3b לע״ל באין אומותוכ׳ in the Messianic days the nations of the world will come and ask to be converted. Ib. אין גהינם לע״ל there is no Gehenna (hell) in the hereafter, but the Lord leads the sun forth Ab. II, 16 ודע שמתן … לע״ל but remember that the reward of the righteous is reserved for the hereafter; a. fr.Pl. עֲתִידִים, עֲתִידִין; עֲתִידוֹת. Ber.43b ע׳ בחורי ישראלוכ׳ the time will come when the youths of Israel shall give forth a flavor Sabb.152b ע׳ צדיקים דהוו עפרא (even) the righteous are destined to turn to dust. Yeb.63a ע׳ כל בעלי … שיעמדווכ׳ time will be when all tradesmen will turn to agriculture; a. fr.Tosef.Kel.B. Mets.VII, 12 עתידין, v. עֲכִירִים.

שְׁמָדm. (preced.) (attempt at destruction,) religious persecution. Tosef.Ab. Zar. V (VI), 6 בי מוסייאות … שעת חש׳אע״פ שעבר הש׳וכ׳ altars which gentiles have put up at a time of religious persecution are forbidden (as to the use of the materials) even after the persecution is over; Y. ib. V, 45a top; Bab. ib. 54a Ms. M. (ed. בשעת הגזירה). Tosef.Sabb. XV (XVI), 17 במה דברים אמורים שלא בשעת הש׳ אבל בשעת הש׳וכ׳ this (that one may violate religious laws to save his life) is said only when there is no general religious persecution, but during a persecution one must give up his life even for the least essential law; Snh.74a Ms. M. (ed. גזירת המלכות). Cant. R. to II, 5 שלפי הש׳, v. שֶׁלֶף; Sabb.60a Ms. M. (ed. הגזרה); a. fr.Pl. שְׁמָדִים, שְׁמָדִין. Gen. R. s. 67 (ref. to Gen. 27:40) אם ראית … גזור עליו ש׳וכ׳ when thou (Esau-Rome) seest thy brother (Jacob) cast off the yoke of the Law, decree persecutions over him, and thou shalt have power over him. Midr. Till. to Ps. 18:5 שכמה ש׳ גזרו עלינו בימיה for they decreed many persecutions over us in her (Romes) days; a. e.

שְׁמָדm. (preced.) (attempt at destruction,) religious persecution. Tosef.Ab. Zar. V (VI), 6 בי מוסייאות … שעת חש׳אע״פ שעבר הש׳וכ׳ altars which gentiles have put up at a time of religious persecution are forbidden (as to the use of the materials) even after the persecution is over; Y. ib. V, 45a top; Bab. ib. 54a Ms. M. (ed. בשעת הגזירה). Tosef.Sabb. XV (XVI), 17 במה דברים אמורים שלא בשעת הש׳ אבל בשעת הש׳וכ׳ this (that one may violate religious laws to save his life) is said only when there is no general religious persecution, but during a persecution one must give up his life even for the least essential law; Snh.74a Ms. M. (ed. גזירת המלכות). Cant. R. to II, 5 שלפי הש׳, v. שֶׁלֶף; Sabb.60a Ms. M. (ed. הגזרה); a. fr.Pl. שְׁמָדִים, שְׁמָדִין. Gen. R. s. 67 (ref. to Gen. 27:40) אם ראית … גזור עליו ש׳וכ׳ when thou (Esau-Rome) seest thy brother (Jacob) cast off the yoke of the Law, decree persecutions over him, and thou shalt have power over him. Midr. Till. to Ps. 18:5 שכמה ש׳ גזרו עלינו בימיה for they decreed many persecutions over us in her (Romes) days; a. e.