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χρήσασθαι

  • 41 προΐημι

    προ-ΐημι, (1) act., vor-, vorausschicken, entsenden, vorwärts; Menschen, auch leblose Dinge; προΐει δολιχόσκιον ἔγχος, er entsendete, schleuderte vorwärts die Lanze; φήμην δ' ἐξ οἴκοιο γυνὴ προέηκεν, sie ließ ein vorbedeutendes Wort hören; ἔπος προέηκε, er ließ ein Wort fallen ohne Absicht; erteilen, verleihen; τήνδε ϑεῷ πρόες, diese entsende dem Gotte, laß sie dem Gotte zu Ehren los; πηδάλιον ἐκ χειρῶν προέηκε, er ließ das Steuer aus den Händen fahren; mit inf., πόδα προέηκε φέρεσϑαι, sie ließ den Fuß fahren, so daß er hinfiel; αἰετὼ προέηκε πετέσϑαι, er entsendete die Adler zu fliegen, daß sie flogen. Von einem Flusse: ὕδωρ προΐει ἐς Πηνειόν, er ergießt sein Wasser in den Peneios. Übh. preisgeben, dem Feinde verraten; χρήματα, sein Vermögen preisgeben; ἑαυτὸν ἐπί τι, εἴς τι, sich hineinstürzen in etwas, sich einer Sache hingeben; erlauben; (2) προΐεμαι, von sich schicken, schleudern; πᾶσαν φωνήν, sprechen, bes. bitten; das Seinige von sich werfen, verschwenden, verschleudern; λόγους προέσϑαι, vergebliche Worte machen; οὐδὲ λόγον ἔτι προέσϑαι δυνάσεται, ein Wort vorbringen; τούς σοι προεμένους εὐεργεσίαν, eine Wohltat jemandem zukommen lassen, wenn man nicht auf Ersatz rechnen kann; übh. schenken, geben, immer mit dem Nebenbegriffe des Freiwilligen; dah. etwas überlassen, ehe es bezahlt ist; σὺ μὲν χρήσασϑαι ἐϑέλων, ὁ δέ σοι μὴ προέσϑαι, überlassen, leihen; auch einfach lassen; zulassen; verraten; τὰ τέκνα Ῥωμαίοις εἰς ὁμηρίαν, zu Geiseln überlassen; auch τοὺς καιρούς, den günstigen Zeitpunkt vorübergehen lassen; den Feind entwischen lassen; vernachlässigen; auch im eigtl. Sinne: ϑοἰμάτιον προέσϑαι, das Kleid fahren lassen

    Wörterbuch altgriechisch-deutsch > προΐημι

  • 42 χράω

    χράω, (1) eigtl. die Oberfläche streifen, ritzen, leicht verwunden, daher überh. verletzen, plagen, angreifen; τίπτε σὸς υἱὸς ἐμὸν ῥόον ἔχραε κήδειν sagt der Flußgott in Bezug auf den Hephästus, der seine Fluten angreift, um ihn zu beschädigen; τόδε δῶμα ἐχράετ' ἐσϑιέμεν καὶ πινέμεν, ihr fielet über das Haus her, um zu essen; mit dem dat. der Person: auf einen losstürzen, ihm Unglück bringen, Schaden zufügen; (2) das Nötige, Erforderliche darreichen, geben, als Geschenk erteilen; von den Göttern und ihren Orakeln: eine Antwort geben, einen Ausspruch tun, einen Götterspruch erteilen oder verkündigen; ἱρέα χρῆσεν, die Priesterin verkündete das Orakel; τινί, einem ein Orakel erteilen; χρήσω βουλὴν Διὸς ἀνϑρώποισιν, ich will Zeus' Ratschluß den Menschen verkünden; (a) pass., ἐχρήσϑην, vom Orakel ausgesprochen, verkündet werden; τὸ χρησϑέν, der erteilte Orakelspruch; τινός, über eine Sache; ἐχρήσϑησαν αἱ νέες, die Schiffe waren vom Orakel angedeutet, gemeint; (b) med., sich von einem Gotte oder einem Orakel eine Antwort erteilen lassen, dah. einen Gott od. ein Orakel befragen, sich einen göttlichen Bescheid einholen; χρᾶσϑαι περί τινος, sich über etwas ein Orakel einholen; mit dem dat. des Gottes od. Orakels, bei dem man anfragt, sich von einem Gotte od. Orakel Rat od. Bescheid holen; (3) med., sich geben, darreichen lassen, dah. haben, gew. gebrauchen, sich bedienen, benutzen, genießen, c. dat. der Sache, deren man sich bedient, die man braucht; übertr., φρεσὶ γὰρ κέχρητ' ἀγαϑῇσιν, besaß guten od. klugen Sinn und machte davon bei seinem Handeln Gebrauch; ἐμοί γε χρώμενος διδασκάλῳ, mich zum Lehrer habend; ὀργῇ χρωμένη, im Zorn, von Zorn aufgeregt; ἀληϑεῖ λόγῳ, ἀληϑείᾳ χρῆσϑαι, sich wahrhafter Rede, der Wahrheit bedienen, die Wahrheit reden; λόγοις βραχυτέροις καὶ φωνῇ ἡσυχαιτέρᾳ χρ., mit kürzeren Worten und ruhigerer Stimme reden; βοῇ καὶ κραυγῇ χρ., ein Geschrei erheben, schreien; συμφορᾷ, συντυχίᾳ, εὐτυχίᾳ χρῆσϑαι, sich in einer Glückslage befinden, Glück haben, glücklich sein; μόρῳ, sterben; ὁμολογίᾳ, übereinstimmen; ὠνῇ καὶ πράσει χρῆσϑαι, kaufen und verkaufen; νιφετῷ χρῆσϑαι, mit Schnee zu tun haben, vom Schnee leiden; ϑείῃ πομπῇ χρησάμενος, unter göttlichem Geleit; χειμῶνι χρ., Stürme ausstehen; ναυαγίῳ χρῆσϑαι, Schiffbruch leiden. Bes. auch von einer Kunst, einer Wissenschaft, oder einem Handwerke Anwendung machen, im Ggstz der Theorie; ὁ τὴν ἰατρικὴν κεκτημένος der sich im Besitze der theoretischen Heilkunde befindet; ὁ τῇ ἰατρικῇ χρώμενος der die Heilkunde praktisch ausübt, oder der Kranke, der seine Zuflucht zu ihr nimmt; τέχνῃ, das Handwerk treiben; ἐὰν ὁ ῥήτωρ τῇ ῥητορικῇ ἀδίκως χρῆται, wenn er eine ungerechte Anwendung macht; ϑαλάσσῃ χρ., = beschiffen; ταῖς τέχναις ταύταις παραπετάσμασιν ἐχρήσαντο, sie brauchten die Künste zum Vorwande; bes. von Personen: mit einem Umgang oder Verkehr haben; einem gut oder übel begegnen, ihn so oder so behandeln; χρῆσϑαί τινι ὡς ἀνδρὶ ψεύστῃ, mit einem wie mit einem Lügner umgehen, ihn wie einen Lügner behandeln; χρῆσϑαί τινι ὡς φίλῳ, auch φιλικῶς χρῆσϑαί τινι, einen als seinen Freund behandeln, u. χρῆσϑαί τινι ὡς πολεμίῳ, einem als einem Feinde begegnen, ; χρῆσϑαί τινι πολεμίῳ, = einen als einen Feind kennen lernen, zum Feinde haben. Dah. παρέχειν ἑαυτὸν χρῆσϑαι ὅ τί τις βούλεται, einen mit sich machen lassen, was er will, = sich ihm unbedingt, auf Gnade und Ungnade ergeben; χρῆσϑαί τινι allein, im schlimmen Sinne, einem übel mitspielen; χρῆσϑαι τοῖς ϑεοῖς, = die Götter zu Freunden haben. Von fleischlicher Gemeinschaft, χρῆσϑαι γυναικί, ein Weib gebrauchen, bei einem Weibe schlafen. Χρῆσϑαί τινι πρός τι, sich einer Sache wozu bedienen; περί τι, bei etwas; τί χρήσομαι αὐτῷ; was soll ich mit ihm machen, anfangen?; οὐκ ἔχω ὅ τι χρήσομαι τῷ ἀργυρίῳ, ich weiß nicht, was ich mit dem Gelde anfangen soll; οἷς οὐδὲν ἂν ἔχοι χρήσασϑαι Λακωνικὸς ἀνήρ, mit denen ein Lacedämonier nichts anzufangen wüßte; absol., ἠπόρει, ὅ τι χρήσαιτο, er wußte nicht, was er machen solle; perf. κέχρημαι, = brauchen, bedürfen, nötig haben, dah. entbehren, sich wonach sehnen; ohne Casus: arm, dürftig

    Wörterbuch altgriechisch-deutsch > χράω

  • 43 Borrow

    v. trans.
    Ar. and P. δανείζεσθαι, χρήσασθαι ( 1st aor. mid. κιχράναι).
    Borrow in addition: P. προσδανείζεσθαι.

    Woodhouse English-Greek dictionary. A vocabulary of the Attic language > Borrow

  • 44 Take

    v. trans.
    P. and V. λαμβνειν, αἱρεῖν; see Catch.
    Take ( a town): P. and V. αἱρεῖν.
    Be taken: P. and V. λίσκεσθαι.
    Help in taking: P. and V. συνεξαιρεῖν (acc.).
    Easy to take, adj.: P. εὐάλωτος. P. and V. λώσιμος, λωτός.
    Take in the act: P. and V. αἱρεῖν, λαμβνειν, καταλαμβνειν (Eur., Cycl.); see Catch.
    Overtake: P. and V. καταλαμβνειν.
    Receive: P. and V. δέχεσθαι; see Receive.
    Carry: P. and V. φέρειν, κομίζειν, γειν; see Bring.
    Lead: P. and V. γειν.
    Choose: P. and V. αἱρεῖσθαι, ἐξαιρεῖν (or mid.); see Choose.
    Seize: P. and V. λαμβνειν, ἁρπάζειν, ναρπάζειν, συναρπάζειν, V. καθαρπάζειν, συμμάρπτειν (Eur., Cycl.), Ar. and V. μάρπτειν, συλλαμβνειν; see Seize.
    Take as helper or ally: P. and V. προσλαμβνειν (acc.).
    Hire: Ar. and P. μισθοῦσθαι.
    Use up: P. and V. ναλίσκειν.
    This ( cloak) has taken easily a talent's worth of wool: Ar. αὕτη γέ τοι ἐρίων τάλαντον καταπέπωκε ῥᾳδίως (Vesp. 1146).
    Take the road leading to Thebes: P. τὴν εἰς Θήβας φέρουσαν ὁδὸν χωρεῖν (Thuc. 3, 24).
    Take in thought, apprehend: P. καταλαμβνειν, P. and V. ἅπτεσθαι (gen.), συνιέναι (acc. or gen.); see Grasp.
    Interpret in a certain sense: P. ἐκλαμβνειν (acc.), ὑπολαμβνειν (acc.); see Construe.
    Take advantage of, turn to account: P. and V. χρῆσθαι (dat.).
    Enjoy: P. and V. πολαύειν (gen.).
    Get the advantage of: P. πλεονεκτεῖν (gen.).
    Take after, resemble: P. and V. ἐοικέναι (dat.) (rare P.), ὁμοιοῦσθαι (dat.), ἐξομοιοῦσθαι (dat.); see Resemble.
    Take arms: see take up arms.
    Take away: P. and V. φαιρεῖν (or mid.), παραιρεῖν (or mid.), ἐξαιρεῖν (or mid.), V. ἐξαφαιρεῖσθαι; see also Deprive.
    Remove: P. and V. μεθιστναι; see Remove.
    Lead away: P. and V. πγειν.
    Take away secretly: P. and V. πεκτθεσθαι; see under Remove.
    Take away besides: P. προσαφαιρεῖσθαι.
    Take care, take care of: see under Care.
    Take down, lit.: P. and V. καθαιρεῖν.
    met., humble: P. and V. καθαιρεῖν, συστέλλειν, Ar. and V. ἰσχναίνειν; see Humble.
    Reduce in bulk: P. and V. ἰσχναίνειν (Plat.).
    Take down in writing: P. and V. γρφειν, Ar. and P. συγγρφειν.
    Take effect, gain one's end: P. ἐπιτυγχάνειν.
    Be in operation: use P. ἐνεργὸς εἶναι.
    Take for, assume to be so and so: P. ὑπολαμβάνειν (acc.).
    Take from: see take away.
    Detract from: P. ἐλασσοῦν (gen.).
    Take heart: P. and V. θαρσεῖν, θρασνεσθαι, V. θαρσνειν, P. ἀναρρωσθῆναι (aor. pass. of ἀναρρωννύναι).
    Take heed: see under Heed, Care.
    Take hold of: see Seize.
    Take in, encluse: Ar. and P. περιλαμβνειν.
    Furl: Ar. συστέλλειν, V. στέλλειν, καθιέναι.
    Receive in one's house: P. and V. δέχεσθαι; see Receive.
    Cheat: see Cheat.
    Take in hand: Ar. and P. μεταχειρίζειν (or mid.), P. and V. ἐγχειρεῖν (dat.), ἐπιχειρεῖν (dat.), ἅπτεσθαι (gen.), ἀναιρεῖσθαι (acc.), αἴρεσθαι (acc.).
    Take in preference: V. προλαμβνειν (τι πρό τινος); see Prefer.
    Take leave of: P. and V. χαίρειν ἐᾶν (acc.), χαίρειν λέγειν (acc.); see under Leave.
    Take notice: see Notice.
    Take off, strip off: P. περιαιρεῖν.
    Take off ( clothes) from another: P. and V. ἐκδειν, Ar. and P. ποδειν.
    From oneself: P. and V. ἐκδειν.
    From oneself: P. and V. ἐκδεσθαι, Ar. and P. ποδεσθαι.
    Take off ( shoes) for another: Ar. and P. πολειν.
    For oneself: Ar. and P. πολεσθαι.
    Let one quickly take off my shoes: V. ὑπαί τις ἀρβύλας λύοι τάχος (Æsch., Ag. 944).
    Imitate: P. and V. μιμεῖσθαι: see Imitate.
    Parody: Ar. and P. κωμῳδεῖν (acc.).
    Take on oneself: see Undertake, Assume.
    Are these men to take on themselves the results of your brutality and evil-doing? P. οὗτοι τὰ τῆς σῆς ἀναισθησίας καὶ πονηρίας ἔργα ἐφʼ αὑτοὺς ἀναδέξωνται; (Dem. 613).
    Take out, v. trans.: P. and V. ἐξγειν.
    Pick out: P. and V. ἐξαιρεῖν.
    Extract: P. and V. ἐξέλκειν (Plat. but rare P.).
    Take over: P. and V. παραλαμβνειν, ἐκδέχεσθαι.
    Take pains: P. and V. σπουδὴν ποιεῖσθαι, Ar. and P. μελετᾶν, V. σπουδὴν τθεσθαι.
    Take part in: see under Part.
    Take place: see under Place.
    Take root: P. ῥιζοῦσθαι (Xen.).
    Take the air, walk: Ar. and P. περιπατεῖν.
    Take the field: see under Field.
    Take time: see under Time.
    Take to, have recourse to: P. and V. τρέπεσθαι (πρός, acc. or εἰς, acc.).
    Take to flight: see under Flight.
    When the Greeks took more to the sea: P. ἐπειδὴ οἱ Ἕλληνες μᾶλλον ἐπλώιζον (Thuc. 3, 24).
    Take a fancy to: P. φιλοφρονεῖσθαι (acc.) (Plat.).
    Desire: P. and V. ἐπιθυμεῖν (gen.); see Desire.
    Take to heart: P. ἐνθύμιόν τι ποιεῖσθαι.
    Be vexed at: P. and V. ἄχθεσθαι (dat.), P. χαλεπῶς φέρειν (acc.), V. πικρῶς φέρειν (acc.); see be vexed, under Vex.
    Take to wife: P. λαμβάνειν (acc.); see Marry.
    Take up: P. and V. ναιρεῖσθαι, P. ἀναλαμβάνειν.
    Lift: P. and V. αἴρειν; see Lift.
    Resume: P. ἀναλαμβάνειν, ἐπαναλαμβάνειν.
    Succeed to: P. διαδέχεσθαι (acc.).
    Take in hand: Ar. and P. μεταχειρίζειν (or mid.), P. and V. ἐγχειρεῖν (dat.), ἐπιχειρεῖν (or dat.), ἅπτεσθαι (gen.), αἴρεσθαι (acc.), ναιρεῖσθαι (acc.).
    Practise: P. and V. ἀσκεῖν, ἐπιτηδεύειν: see Practise.
    Use up: P. and V. ναλίσκειν.
    Nor should we be able to useour whole force together since the protection of the walls has taken up a considerable part of our heavy-armed troops: P. οὐδὲ συμπάσῃ τῇ στρατιᾷ δυναίμεθʼ ἂν χρήσασθαι ἀπαναλωκυίας τῆς φυλακῆς τῶν τειχῶν μέρος τι τοῦ ὁπλιτικοῦ (Thuc. 7, 11).
    Take up arms: P. and V. πόλεμον αἴρεσθαι.
    Take up arms against: V. ὅπλα ἐπαίρεσθαι (dat.).

    Woodhouse English-Greek dictionary. A vocabulary of the Attic language > Take

  • 45 ὡς

    ὡς (Hom.+; loanw. in rabb.) relative adv. of the relative pron. ὅς. It is used as
    a comparative particle, marking the manner in which someth. proceeds, as, like
    corresponding to οὕτως=‘so, in such a way’: σωθήσεται, οὕτως ὡς διὰ πυρός he will be saved, (but only) in such a way as (one, in an attempt to save oneself, must go) through fire (and therefore suffer fr. burns) 1 Cor 3:15. τὴν ἑαυτοῦ γυναῖκα οὕτως ἀγαπάτω ὡς ἑαυτόν Eph 5:33; cp. vs. 28. ἡμέρα κυρίου ὡς κλέπτης οὕτως ἔρχεται 1 Th 5:2. The word οὕτως can also be omitted ἀσφαλίσασθε ὡς οἴδατε make it as secure as you know how = as you can Mt 27:65. ὡς οὐκ οἶδεν αὐτός (in such a way) as he himself does not know = he himself does not know how, without his knowing (just) how Mk 4:27. ὡς ἀνῆκεν (in such a way) as is fitting Col 3:18. Cp. 4:4; Eph 6:20; Tit 1:5 (cp. Just., A I, 3, 1 ὡς πρέπον ἐστίν). ὡς πᾶσα γυνὴ γεννᾷ GJs 11:2; ὡς ἀπεκαλύφθη AcPlCor 1:8.
    special uses
    α. in ellipses (TestAbr A 12 p. 90, 22 [Stone p. 28] θρόνος … ἐξαστράπτων ὡς πῦρ; TestJob 20:3 χρήσασθαι … ὡς ἐβούλετο; JosAs 12:7 πρὸς σὲ κατέφυγον ὡς παιδίον ἐπὶ τὸν πατέρα) ἐλάλουν ὡς νήπιος I used to speak as a child (is accustomed to speak) 1 Cor 13:11a; cp. bc; Mk 10:15; Eph 6:6a; Phil 2:22; Col 3:22. ὡς τέκνα φωτὸς περιπατεῖτε walk as (is appropriate for) children of light Eph 5:8; cp. 6:6b. ὡς ἐν ἡμέρᾳ as (it is one’s duty to walk) in the daylight Ro 13:13. The Israelites went through the Red Sea ὡς διὰ ξηρᾶς γῆς as (one travels) over dry land Hb 11:29. οὐ λέγει ὡς ἐπὶ πολλῶν ἀλλʼ ὡς ἐφʼ ἑνός he speaks not as one would of a plurality (s. ἐπί 8), but as of a single thing Gal 3:16.—Ro 15:15; 1 Pt 5:3. Also referring back to οὕτως (GrBar 6:16 ὡς γὰρ τὰ δίστομα οὕτως καὶ ὁ ἀλέκτωρ μηνύει τοῖς ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ like articulate beings the rooster informs earth’s inhabitants) οὕτως τρέχω ὡς οὐκ ἀδήλως I run as (a person) with a fixed goal 1 Cor 9:26a. Cp. ibid. b; Js 2:12.
    β. ὡς and the words that go w. it can be the subj. or obj., of a clause: γενηθήτω σοι ὡς θέλεις let it be done (= it will be done) for you as you wish Mt 15:28. Cp. 8:13; Lk 14:22 v.l. (for ὅ; cp. ὡς τὸ θέλημά σου OdeSol 11:21). The predicate belonging to such a subj. is to be supplied in οὐχ ὡς ἐγὼ θέλω (γενηθήτω) Mt 26:39a.—ἐποίησεν ὡς προσέταξεν αὐτῷ ὁ ἄγγελος he did as (= that which) the angel commanded him (to do) Mt 1:24; cp. 26:19 (on the structure s. RPesch, BZ 10, ’66, 220–45; 11, ’67, 79–95; cp. the formula Job 42:9 and the contrasting negation Ex 1:17; s. also Ex 3:21f); 28:15.—Practically equivalent to ὅ, which is a v.l. for it Mk 14:72 (JBirdsall, NovT 2, ’58, 272–75; cp. Lk 14:22 above).
    γ. ἕκαστος ὡς each one as or according to what Ro 12:3; 1 Cor 3:5; 7:17ab; Rv 22:12. ὡς ἦν δυνατὸς ἕκαστος each person interpreted them as best each could Papias (2:16).
    δ. in indirect questions (X., Cyr. 1, 5, 11 ἀπαίδευτοι ὡς χρὴ συμμάχοις χρῆσθαι) ἐξηγοῦντο ὡς ἐγνώσθη αὐτοῖς ἐν τῇ κλάσει τοῦ ἄρτου they told how he had made himself known to them when they broke bread together Lk 24:35. Cp. Mk 12:26 v.l. (for πῶς); Lk 8:47; 23:55; Ac 10:38; 20:20; Ro 11:2; 2 Cor 7:15.
    a conjunction marking a point of comparison, as. This ‘as’ can have a ‘so’ expressly corresponding to it or not, as the case may be; further, both sides of the comparison can be expressed in complete clauses, or one or even both may be abbreviated.
    ὡς is correlative w. οὕτως=so. οὕτως … ὡς (so, in such a way) … as: οὐδέποτε ἐλάλησεν οὕτως ἄνθρωπος ὡς οὗτος λαλεῖ ὁ ἄνθρωπος J 7:46. ὡς … οὕτως Ac 8:32 (Is 53:7); 23:11; Ro 5:15 (ὡς τὸ παράπτωμα, οὕτως καὶ τὸ χάρισμα, both halves to be completed), 18. ὡς κοινωνοί ἐστε τῶν παθημάτων, οὕτως καὶ τῆς παρακλήσεως as you are comrades in suffering, so (shall you be) in comfort as well 2 Cor 1:7. Cp. 7:14; 11:3 v.l.—ὡς … καί as … so (Plut., Mor. 39e; Ath. 15, 2) Mt 6:10; Ac 7:51; 2 Cor 13:2; Gal 1:9; Phil 1:20.
    The clause beginning w. ὡς can easily be understood and supplied in many cases; when this occurs, the noun upon which the comparison depends can often stand alone, and in these cases ὡς acts as a particle denoting comparison. οἱ δίκαιοι ἐκλάμψουσιν ὡς ὁ ἥλιος the righteous will shine out as the sun (shines) Mt 13:43. ὡς ἐπὶ λῃστὴν ἐξήλθατε συλλαβεῖν με as (one goes out) against a robber, (so) you have gone out to arrest me 26:55 (Mel., P. 79, 574 ὡς ἐπὶ φόνιον λῄστην). γίνεσθε φρόνιμοι ὡς οἱ ὄφεις be (as) wise as serpents (are) 10:16b. Cp. Lk 12:27; 21:35; 22:31; J 15:6; 2 Ti 2:17; 1 Pt 5:8.
    Semitic infl. is felt in the manner in which ὡς, combined w. a subst., takes the place of a subst. or an adj.
    α. a substantive
    א. as subj. (cp. Da 7:13 ὡς υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου ἤρχετο; cp. 10:16, 18) ἐνώπιον τοῦ θρόνου (ἦν) ὡς θάλασσα ὑαλίνη before the throne there was something like a sea of glass Rv 4:6. Cp. 8:8; 9:7a. ἀφʼ ἑνὸς ἐγενήθησαν ὡς ἡ ἄμμος from one man they have come into being as the sand, i.e. countless descendants Hb 11:12.
    ב. as obj. (JosAs 17:6 εἶδεν Ἀσενὲθ ὡς ἅρμα πυρός) ᾂδουσιν ὡς ᾠδὴν καινήν they were singing, as it were, a new song Rv 14:3. ἤκουσα ὡς φωνήν I heard what sounded like a shout 19:1, 6abc; cp. 6:1.
    β. as adjective, pred. (mostly εἶναι, γίνεσθαι ὡς; the latter also in rendering of ךְּ to express the basic reality of something: GDelling, Jüd. Lehre u. Frömmigkeit ’67, p. 58, on ParJer 9:7) ἐὰν μὴ γένησθε ὡς τὰ παιδία if you do not become child-like Mt 18:3. ὡς ἄγγελοί εἰσιν they are similar to angels 22:30. πᾶσα σὰρξ ὡς χόρτος 1 Pt 1:24. Cp. Mk 6:34; 12:25; Lk 22:26ab; Ro 9:27 (Is 10:22); 29a (Is 1:9a); 1 Cor 4:13; 7:7f, 29–31; 9:20f; 2 Pt 3:8ab (Ps 89:4); Rv 6:12ab al. (cp. GrBar 14:1 ἐγένετο φωνὴ ὡς βροντή). Sim. also ποίησόν με ὡς ἕνα τῶν μισθίων σου treat me like one of your day laborers Lk 15:19.—The adj. or adjectival expr. for which this form stands may be used as an attribute πίστιν ὡς κόκκον σινάπεως faith like a mustard seed=faith no greater than a tiny mustard seed Mt 17:20; Lk 17:6. προφήτης ὡς εἷς τῶν προφητῶν Mk 6:15. Cp. Ac 3:22; 7:37 (both Dt 18:15); 10:11; 11:5. ἐγένετο ὡς εἷς τῶν φευγόντων AcPl Ha 5, 18. ἀρνίον ὡς ἐσφαγμένον a lamb that appeared to have been slaughtered Rv 5:6.—In expressions like τρίχας ὡς τρίχας γυναικῶν 9:8a the second τρίχας can be omitted as self-evident (Ps 54:7 v.l.): ἡ φωνὴ ὡς σάλπιγγος 4:1; cp. 1:10; 9:8b; 13:2a; 14:2c; 16:3.
    other noteworthy uses
    α. ὡς as can introduce an example ὡς καὶ Ἠλίας ἐποίησεν Lk 9:54 v.l.; cp. 1 Pt 3:6; or, in the combination ὡς γέγραπται, a scripture quotation Mk 1:2 v.l.; 7:6; Lk 3:4; Ac 13:33; cp. Ro 9:25; or even an authoritative human opinion Ac 17:28; 22:5; 25:10; or any other decisive reason Mt 5:48; 6:12 (ὡς καί).
    β. ὡς introduces short clauses: ὡς εἰώθει as his custom was Mk 10:1. Cp. Hs 5, 1, 2. ὡς λογίζομαι as I think 1 Pt 5:12. ὡς ἐνομίζετο as was supposed Lk 3:23 (Diog. L. 3, 2 ὡς Ἀθήνησιν ἦν λόγος [about Plato’s origin]; TestAbr A 5 p. 82, 32 [Stone p. 12] ὡς ἐμοὶ δοκεῖ; Just., A I, 6, 2 ὡς ἐδιδάχθημεν). ὡς ἦν as he was Mk 4:36. ὡς ἔφην Papias (2:15) (ApcMos 42; cp. Just., A I, 21, 6 ὡς προέφημεν).
    γ. The expr. οὕτως ἐστὶν ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ ὡς ἄνθρωπος βάλῃ τὸν σπόρον Mk 4:26 may well exhibit colloquial syntax; but some think that ἄν (so one v.l. [=ἐάν, which is read by many mss.]) once stood before ἄνθρωπος and was lost inadvertently. S. the comm., e.g. EKlostermann, Hdb. z. NT4 ’50 ad loc.; s. also Jülicher, Gleichn. 539; B-D-F §380, 4; Mlt. 185 w. notes; Rdm.2 154; Rob. 928; 968.
    marker introducing the perspective from which a pers., thing, or activity is viewed or understood as to character, function, or role, as
    w. focus on quality, circumstance, or role
    α. as (JosAs 26:7 ἔγνω … Λευὶς … ταῦτα πάντα ὡς προφήτης; Just., A I, 7, 4 ἵνα ὡς ἄδικος κολάζηται) τί ἔτι κἀγὼ ὡς ἁμαρτωλὸς κρίνομαι; why am I still being condemned as a sinner? Ro 3:7. ὡς σοφὸς ἀρχιτέκτων 1 Cor 3:10. ὡς ἀρτιγέννητα βρέφη as newborn children (in reference to desire for maternal milk) 1 Pt 2:2. μή τις ὑμῶν πασχέτω ὡς φονεύς 4:15a; cp. b, 16.—1:14; 1 Cor 7:25; 2 Cor 6:4; Eph 5:1; Col 3:12; 1 Th 2:4, 7a.—In the oblique cases, genitive (ApcSed 16:2 ὡς νέου αὐτοῦ ἐπαράβλεπον τὰ πταίσματα αὐτοῦ; Just., A I, 14, 4 ὑμέτερον ἔστω ὡς δυνατῶν βασιλέων): τιμίῳ αἵματι ὡς ἀμνοῦ ἀμώμου Χριστοῦ with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish 1 Pt 1:19. δόξαν ὡς μονογενοῦς παρὰ πατρός glory as of an only-begotten son, coming from the Father J 1:14. Cp. Hb 12:27. Dative (Ath. 14, 2 θύουσιν ὡς θεοῖς; 28, 3 πιστεύειν ὡς μυθοποιῷ; Stephan. Byz. s.v. Κυνόσαργες: Ἡρακλεῖ ὡς θεῷ θύων): λαλῆσαι ὑμῖν ὡς πνευματικοῖς 1 Cor 3:1a; cp. bc; 10:15; 2 Cor 6:13; Hb 12:5; 1 Pt 2:13f; 3:7ab; 2 Pt 1:19. Accusative (JosAs 22:8 ἠγάπα αὐτὸν ὡς ἄνδρα προφήτην; Just., A I, 4, 4 τὸ ὄνομα ὡς ἔλεγχον λαμβάνετε; Tat. 27, 1 ὡς ἀθεωτάτους ἡμᾶς ἐκκηρύσσετε; Ath. 16, 4 οὐ προσκυνῶ αὐτὰ ὡς θεοὺς): οὐχ ὡς θεὸν ἐδόξασαν Ro 1:21; 1 Cor 4:14; 8:7; Tit 1:7; Phlm 16; Hb 6:19; 11:9. παρακαλῶ ὡς παροίκους καὶ παρεπιδήμους 1 Pt 2:11 (from the perspective of their conversion experience the recipients of the letter are compared to temporary residents and disenfranchised foreigners, cp. the imagery 1 Pt 1:19 above and s. παρεπίδημος and πάροικος 2).—This is prob. also the place for ὸ̔ ἐὰν ποιῆτε, ἐργάζεσθε ὡς τῷ κυρίῳ whatever you have to do, do it as work for the Lord Col 3:23. Cp. Eph 5:22. εἴ τις λαλεῖ ὡς λόγια θεοῦ if anyone preaches, (let the pers. do so) as if (engaged in proclaiming the) words of God 1 Pt 4:11a; cp. ibid. b; 2 Cor 2:17bc; Eph 6:5, 7.
    β. ὡς w. ptc. gives the reason for an action as one who, because (X., Cyr. 7, 5, 13 κατεγέλων τῆς πολιορκίας ὡς ἔχοντες τὰ ἐπιτήδεια; Appian, Liby. 56 §244 μέμφεσθαι τοῖς θεοῖς ὡς ἐπιβουλεύουσι=as being hostile; Polyaenus 2, 1, 1; 3, 10, 3 ὡς ἔχων=just as if he had; TestAbr B 8 p. 112, 17 [Stone p. 72] ὡς αὐτῷ ὄντι φίλῳ μου (do it for) him [Abraham] as a friend of mine; TestJob 17:5 καθʼ ἡμῶν ὡς τυραννούντων against us as though we were tyrants; ApcMos 23 ὡς νομίζοντες on the assumption that (we would not be discovered); Jos., Ant. 1, 251; Ath. 16, 1 ὁ δὲ κόσμος οὐχ ὡς δεομένου τοῦ θεοῦ γέγονεν; SIG 1168, 35); Paul says: I appealed to the Emperor οὐχ ὡς τοῦ ἔθνους μου ἔχων τι κατηγορεῖν not that I had any charge to bring against my (own) people Ac 28:19 (PCairZen 44, 23 [257 B.C.] οὐχ ὡς μενῶν=not as if it were my purpose to remain there). ὡς foll. by the gen. abs. ὡς τὰ πάντα ἡμῖν τῆς θείας δυνάμεως αὐτοῦ δεδωρημένης because his divine power has granted us everything 2 Pt 1:3. Cp. Dg. 5:16.—Only in isolated instances does ὡς show causal force when used w. a finite verb for, seeing that (PLeid 16, 1, 20; Lucian, Dial. Mort. 17, 2, end, Vit. Auct. 25; Aesop, Fab. 109 P.=148 H.; 111 H-H.: ὡς εὐθέως ἐξελεύσομαι=because; Tetrast. Iamb. 1, 6, 3; Nicetas Eugen. 6, 131 H. Cp. Herodas 10, 3: ὡς=because [with the copula ‘is’ to be supplied]) Mt 6:12 (ὡς καί as Mk 7:37 v.l.; TestDan 3:1 v.l.; the parallel Lk 11:4 has γάρ). AcPlCor 1:6 ὡς οὖν ὁ κύριος ἠλέησεν ἡμᾶς inasmuch as the Lord has shown us mercy (by permitting us). So, more oft., καθώς (q.v. 3).
    γ. ὡς before the predicate acc. or nom. w. certain verbs functions pleonastically and further contributes to the aspect of perspective ὡς προφήτην ἔχουσιν τὸν Ἰωάννην Mt 21:26. Cp. Lk 16:1. λογίζεσθαί τινα ὡς foll. by acc. look upon someone as 1 Cor 4:1; 2 Cor 10:2 (for this pass. s. also c below). Cp. 2 Th 3:15ab; Phil 2:7; Js 2:9.
    w. focus on a conclusion existing only in someone’s imagination or based solely on someone’s assertion (PsSol 8:30; Jos., Bell. 3, 346; Just., A I, 27, 5; Mel., P. 58, 422) προσηνέγκατέ μοι τὸν ἄνθρωπον τοῦτον ὡς ἀποστρέφοντα τὸν λαόν, καὶ ἰδοὺ … you have brought this fellow before me as one who (as you claim) is misleading the people, and nowLk 23:14. τί καυχᾶσαι ὡς μὴ λαβών; why do you boast, as though you (as you think) had not received? 1 Cor 4:7. Cp. Ac 3:12; 23:15, 20; 27:30. ὡς μὴ ἐρχομένου μου as though I were not coming (acc. to their mistaken idea) 1 Cor 4:18. ὡς μελλούσης τῆς πόλεως αἴρεσθαι assuming that the city was being destroyed AcPl Ha 5, 16.
    w. focus on what is objectively false or erroneous ἐπιστολὴ ὡς διʼ ἡμῶν a letter (falsely) alleged to be from us 2 Th 2:2a (Diod S 33, 5, 5 ἔπεμψαν ὡς παρὰ τῶν πρεσβευτῶν ἐπιστολήν they sent a letter which purported to come from the emissaries; Diog. L. 10:3 falsified ἐπιστολαὶ ὡς Ἐπικούρου; Just., A, II, 5, 5 ὡς ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ σπορᾷ γενομένους υἱούς). τοὺς λογιζομένους ἡμᾶς ὡς κατὰ σάρκα περιπατοῦντας 2 Cor 10:2 (s. also aγ above). Cp. 11:17; 13:7. Israel wishes to become righteous οὐκ ἐκ πίστεως ἀλλʼ ὡς ἐξ ἔργων not through faith but through deeds (the latter way being objectively wrong) Ro 9:32 (Rdm.2 26f). ὡς ἐκ παραδόσεως ἀγράφου εἰς αὐτὸν ἥκοντα (other matters he recounts) as having reached him through unwritten tradition (Eus. about Papias) Papias (2:11).
    conj., marker of result in connection with indication of purpose=ὥστε so that (Trag., Hdt.+, though nearly always w. the inf.; so also POxy 1040, 11; PFlor 370, 10; Wsd 5:12; TestJob 39:7; ApcMos 38; Jos., Ant. 12, 229; Just., A I, 56, 2; Tat. 12, 2. W. the indic. X., Cyr. 5, 4, 11 οὕτω μοι ἐβοήθησας ὡς σέσῳσμαι; Philostrat., Vi. Apoll. 8, 7 p. 324, 25f; Jos., Bell. 3, 343; Ath. 15, 3; 22, 2) Hb 3:11; 4:3 (both Ps 94:11). ὡς αὐτὸν καθόλου τὸ φῶς μὴ βλέπειν Papias (3:2) (s. φῶς 1a). ὡς πάντας ἄχθεσθαι (s. ἄχθομαι) AcPl Ha 4, 14. ὡς πάντας … ἀγαλλιᾶσθαι 6, 31 al.
    marker of discourse content, that, the fact that after verbs of knowing, saying (even introducing direct discourse: Maximus Tyr. 5:4f), hearing, etc.=ὅτι that (X., An. 1, 3, 5; Menand., Sam. 590 S. [245 Kö.]; Aeneas Tact. 402; 1342; PTebt 10, 6 [119 B.C.]; 1 Km 13:11; EpArist; Philo, Op. M. 9; Jos., Ant. 7, 39; 9, 162; 15, 249 al.; Just., A I, 60, 2; Tat. 39, 2; 41, 1; Ath. 30, 4.—ORiemann, RevPhilol n.s. 6, 1882, 73–75; HKallenberg, RhM n.s. 68, 1913, 465–76; B-D-F §396) ἀναγινώσκειν Mk 12:26 v.l. (for πῶς); Lk 6:4 (w. πῶς as v.l.). μνησθῆναι Lk 24:6 (D ὅσα); cp. 22:61 (=Lat. quomodo, as in ms. c of the Old Itala; cp. Plautus, Poen. 3, 1, 54–56). ἐπίστασθαι (Jos., Ant. 7, 372) Ac 10:28; 20:18b v.l. (for πῶς). εἰδέναι (MAI 37, 1912, 183 [= Kl. T. 110, 81, 10] ἴστε ὡς [131/132 A.D.]) 1 Th 2:11a. μάρτυς ὡς Ro 1:9; Phil 1:8; 1 Th 2:10.—ὡς ὅτι s. ὅτι 5b.
    w. numerals, a degree that approximates a point on a scale of extent, about, approximately, nearly (Hdt., Thu. et al.; PAmh 72, 12; PTebt 381, 4 [VSchuman, ClW 28, ’34/35, 95f: pap]; Jos., Ant. 6, 95; Ruth 1:4; 1 Km 14:2; TestJob 31:2; JosAs 1:6) ὡς δισχίλιοι Mk 5:13. Cp. 8:9; Lk 1:56; 8:42; J 1:39; 4:6; 6:10, 19; 19:14, 39; 21:8; Ac 4:4; 5:7, 36; 13:18, 20; 27:37 v.l. (Hemer, Acts 149 n. 140); Rv 8:1.
    a relatively high point on a scale involving exclamation, how! (X., Cyr. 1, 3, 2 ὦ μῆτερ, ὡς καλός μοι ὁ πάππος! Himerius, Or. 54 [=Or. 15], 1 ὡς ἡδύ μοι τὸ θέατρον=how pleasant … ! Ps 8:2; 72:1; TestJob 7:12) ὡς ὡραῖοι οἱ πόδες τῶν εὐαγγελιζομένων ἀγαθά Ro 10:15 (cp. Is 52:7). Cp. 11:33. ὡς μεγάλη μοι ἡ σήμερον ἡμέρα GJs 19:2.
    temporal conjunction (B-D-F §455, 2; 3; Harnack, SBBerlAk 1908, 392).
    w. the aor. when, after (Hom., Hdt. et al.; Diod S 14, 80, 1; pap [POxy 1489, 4 al.]; LXX; TestAbr B 3 p. 107, 6 [Stone p. 62]; JosAs 3:2; ParJer 3:1; ApcMos 22; Jos., Bell. 1, 445b; Just., D. 2, 4; 3, 1) ὡς ἐπλήσθησαν αἱ ἡμέραι Lk 1:23. ὡς ἐγεύσατο ὁ ἀρχιτρίκλινος J 2:9.—Lk 1:41, 44; 2:15, 39; 4:25; 5:4; 7:12; 15:25; 19:5; 22:66; 23:26; J 4:1, 40; 6:12, 16; 7:10; 11:6, 20, 29, 32f; 18:6; 19:33; 21:9; Ac 5:24; 10:7, 25; 13:29; 14:5; 16:10, 15; 17:13; 18:5; 19:21; 21:1, 12; 22:25; 27:1, 27; 28:4. AcPl Ha 3, 20.
    w. pres. or impf. while, when, as long as (Menand., Fgm. 538, 2 K. ὡς ὁδοιπορεῖς; Cyrill. Scyth. [VI A.D.] ed. ESchwartz ’39 p. 143, 1; 207, 22 ὡς ἔτι εἰμί=as long as I live) ὡς ὑπάγεις μετὰ τοῦ ἀντιδίκου σου while you are going with your opponent Lk 12:58. ὡς ἐλάλει ἡμῖν, ὡς διήνοιγεν ἡμῖν τὰς γραφάς while he was talking, while he was opening the scriptures to us 24:32.—J 2:23; 8:7; 12:35f ( as long as; cp. ἕως 2a); Ac 1:10; 7:23; 9:23; 10:17; 13:25; 19:9; 21:27; 25:14; Gal 6:10 ( as long as); 2 Cl 8:1; 9:7; IRo 2:2; ISm 9:1 (all four as long as).—ὡς w. impf., and in the next clause the aor. ind. w. the same subject (Diod S 15, 45, 4 ὡς ἐθεώρουν …, συνεστήσαντο ‘when [or ‘as soon as’] they noticed …, they put together [a fleet]’; SIG 1169, 58 ὡς ἐνεκάθευδε, εἶδε ‘while he was sleeping [or ‘when he went to sleep’] [in the temple] he saw [a dream or vision]’) Mt 28:9 v.l.; J 20:11; Ac 8:36; 16:4; 22:11. Since (Soph., Oed. R. 115; Thu. 4, 90, 3) ὡς τοῦτο γέγονεν Mk 9:21.
    ὡς ἄν or ὡς ἐάν w. subjunctive of the time of an event in the future when, as soon as.
    α. ὡς ἄν (Hyperid. 2, 43, 4; Herodas 5, 50; Lucian, Cronosolon 11; PHib 59, 1 [c. 245 B.C.] ὡς ἂν λάβῃς; UPZ 71, 18 [152 B.C.]; PTebt 26, 2. Cp. Witkowski 87; Gen 12:12; Josh 2:14; Is 8:21; Da 3:15 Theod.; Ath. 31, 3 [ἐάν Schwartz]) Ro 15:24; 1 Cor 11:34; Phil 2:23.
    β. ὡς ἐάν (PFay 111, 16 [95/96 A.D.] ὡς ἐὰν βλέπῃς) 1 Cl 12:5f; Hv 3, 8, 9; 3, 13, 2.
    w. the superlative ὡς τάχιστα (a bookish usage; s. B-D-F §244, 1; Rob. 669) as quickly as possible Ac 17:15 (s. ταχέως 1c).
    a final particle, expressing intention/purpose, with a view to, in order to
    w. subjunctive (Hom.+; TestAbr A 4 p. 80, 33 [Stone p. 8]; SibOr 3, 130; Synes., Hymni 3, 44 [NTerzaghi ’39]) ὡς τελειώσω in order that I might finish Ac 20:24 v.l. (s. Mlt. 249).
    w. inf. (X.; Arrian [very oft.: ABoehner, De Arriani dicendi genere, diss. Erlangen 1885 p. 56]; PGen 28, 12 [II A.D.]; ZPE 8, ’71, 177: letter of M. Ant. 57, cp. 44–46; 3 Macc 1:2; Joseph.; cp. the use of the opt. Just., D. 2, 3) Lk 9:52. ὡς τελειῶσαι Ac 20:24. ὡς ἔπος εἰπεῖν Hb 7:9 (s. ἔπος).
    used w. prepositions to indicate the direction intended (Soph., Thu., X. [Kühner-G. I 472 note 1]; Polyb. 1, 29, 1; LRadermacher, Philol 60, 1901, 495f) πορεύεσθαι ὡς ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν Ac 17:14 v.l.—WStählin, Symbolon, ’58, 99–104. S. also ὡσάν, ὡσαύτως, ὡσεί 2, ὥσπερ b, ὡσπερεί, ὥστε 2b. DELG. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ὡς

См. также в других словарях:

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  • Саврас без узды — Саврасъ безъ узды (иноск.) необузданный юнецъ кутила (брыкающійся, какъ саврасъ (конь) безъ узды). Ни конь безъ узды, ни богатство безъ ума. Ср. Саврасовъ нашихъ безъ узды Училъ въ пансьонѣ мистеръ Гирстъ, Тамъ тятенькинымъ (ради мзды) Богатымъ… …   Большой толково-фразеологический словарь Михельсона (оригинальная орфография)

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  • χερνίβιον — τὸ, Α [χέρνιψ, ιβος] 1. μικρό χέρνιβον*, λεκανάκι («χρήσασθαι τοῑς χρυσοῑς χερνιβίοις καὶ θυμιατηρίοις», Ανδοκ.) 2. ουροδοχείο …   Dictionary of Greek

  • χρήσασθ' — χρήσασθε , χράω 2 proclaim aor imperat mid 2nd pl χρήσασθαι , χράω 2 proclaim aor inf mid χρήσασθε , χράω 2 proclaim aor ind mid 2nd pl (homeric ionic) …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

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