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  • 121 ἄμωμος

    ἄμωμος, ον (Hes.+; Arrian: 156 Fgm. 121 Jac.; CIG 1974; ins of Herod: APF 1, 1901, 220; LXX; Test12Patr; TestAbr A; GrBar 1:2; Philo, Congr. Erud. Grat. 106; Jos., Bell. 5, 229 al.; Just.; Mel.).
    ① pert. to being without defect or blemish, unblemished of the absence of defects in sacrificial animals (Num 6:14; 19:2 al.; TestAbr A; Philo, Sacr. Abel. 51, Somn. 1, 62; Mel., P.) ἀμνάδας ἀσπίλους καὶ ἀ. GJs 4:3; hence of Christ as sacrificial lamb ὡς ἀμνοῦ ἀ. καὶ ἀσπίλου 1 Pt 1:19 (Mel., P. 12, 78). Cp. ἑαυτὸν προσήνεγκεν ἄ. τῷ θεῷ presented himself as an offering without blemish to God Hb 9:14.
    ② pert. to being without fault and therefore morally blameless, blameless (Semonides 4; Aeschyl., Pers. 185; Hdt. 2, 177; Theocr. 18, 25; 2 Km 22:24; Ps 14:2; 17:24 al.).
    ⓐ of pers. (Sb 625; Sir 31:8; 40:19; Philo, Mut. Nom 60; Jos., Ant. 3, 279 w. καθαρός Just., D 17, 1, 3; 35, 8; Mel., P. 44, 312 of Christ): of the Christian community (w. ἅγιος) Eph 1:4; 5:27; (w. ἅγιος, ἀνέγκλητος) Col 1:22; (w. ἄσπιλος) 2 Pt 3:14 v.l.; τέκνα θεοῦ ἄ. Phil 2:15 (cp. ἀμώμητος); ἄ. εἰσιν Rv 14:5; cp. Jd 24; 1 Cl 50:2; ITr 13:3.
    ⓑ of characteristics (Jos., Ant. 3, 27f δίαιτα=way of life): βούλησις 1 Cl 35:5. ὄψις 36:2. πρόσωπον IPol 1:1. χεῖρες (w. ἱεραί) 1 Cl 33:4. διάνοια ITr 1:1. καρδία (w. καθαρά) Hv 4, 2, 5 (cp. Ps 118:80). πρόθεσις (w. ὅσιος) 1 Cl 45:7. συνείδησις (w. σεμνός, ἁγνός) 1:3; cp. Pol 5:3. χαρά IEph ins; IMg 7:1. πνεῦμα ISm ins (not the Holy Spirit, for the greeting parallels IEph ins and the use of ἄμωμος IRo; cp. ITrall 1, IPol 1); ἑνότης IEph 4:2; προστάγματα 1 Cl 37:1.—ἄμωμον παθεῖν suffer as a blameless person (of Christ) MPol 17:2.—DELG s.v. μῶμος. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἄμωμος

  • 122 ἐξουθενέω

    ἐξουθενέω/ἐξουθενόω (s. prec. entry) fut. ἐξουθενήσω,-ωσω LXX; 1 aor. ἐξουθένησα,-ωσα; pf. ἐξουθένηκα,-ωκα LXX. Pass.: 1 aor. ἐξουθενήθην,-ώθην; pf. ἐξουθένημαι, ptc. ἐξουθηνημένος LXX, ἐξουθενωμένοι (only TestAsh 7:2 w. ἐξουδενωμένοι) (ἐξουθενέω: Herodian Gr. II 508, 10; Just.; Cass. Dio 7, 8, 8; En 99:14 [pres. ptc.]; Vi. Aesopi G 80 p. 60, last two lines P. ἐξουθενηθείς; Vi. Aesopi W 77b p. 97, 2 P. ἐξουθένησας [beside p. 96, 37 ἐξουδενῆσαι]; schol. on Pla., Gorg. 483b; TestSol 22:5 P ἐξουθενημένην; JosAs 13:10 ἐξουθένηκα; 2:1 [pres. ptc.]. ἐξουθενόω: Rhet. Gr. I 623, 27; PsSol 2:5 and 27; En 99:14 pres. ptc.; TestLevi 16:2; TestAsh 7:2; Mk 9:12 v.l.; 1 Cl 18:17=Ps 50:19. For the spelling s. New Docs 2, 83 and the reff. s.v. ἐξουδενέω.)
    ① to show by one’s attitude or manner of treatment that an entity has no merit or worth, disdain τινά someone (Ps.-Callisth. p. 72, 19; Achmes 128, 10; schol. on Soph., Ajax 368 p. 36 Papag. [1888]) Lk 18:9 (Field, Notes 72); Ro 14:3, 10; 1 Cor 16:11; σὺ τίς εἶ ἐξουθενῶν αὐτήν who in the world are you to disdain her? GMary 463, 23; τὶ someth. (Jos., Bell. 6, 315. Pass.: Philo, Leg. All. 2, 67) 1 Cl 18:17 (Ps 50:19). ἐξουθενημένος despised, of no account οἱ ἐ. (Philo, Mos. 2, 241; Just., D. 121, 3 παρουσίᾳ; 131, 2 μυστηρίου) 1 Cor 6:4; τὰ ἐ. 1:28. Of the speaking ability of the apostle when he appears in person (parall. ἀσθενής): it amounts to nothing 2 Cor 10:10. The expr. τ. πειρασμὸν ὑμῶν ἐν τ. σαρκί μου οὐκ ἐξουθενήσατε Gal 4:14 contains two major components: ‘My physical weakness did indeed distress you’ and ‘You did not despise me because of it’. The acc. in the phrase τ. πειρασμὸν ὑμῶν is prob. temporal, and the concluding verb is abs.; the thought can be rendered during your time of trial in connection with my physical disability, you showed no disdain. (See 2.)
    ② to have no use for someth. as being beneath one’s consideration, reject disdainfully (1 Km 8:7; PsSol 2:5; En 99:14). So 1 Th 5:20; Ac 4:11.—Bauer observed that at least for διαπτύω τι the mng. ‘reject someth.’ is well established (Dositheus, Ars Gramm. 68, 10 Tolk.: διέπτυσεν αὐτοῦ τὰς ἱκετείας) and likewise for περιπτύω (Simplicius in Epict. p. 58, 8; 61, 20; 98, 36; 119, 18). He suggested that Gal 4:14 might be translated: ‘You neither treated me w. contempt nor did you turn away from the temptation that my physical appearance might have become to you.’ (See 1.)
    ③ to regard another as of no significance and therefore worthy of maltreatment (=ἐξουδενέω), treat w. contempt (Just., A I, 63, 16 ἐξουθενηθῆναι καὶ παθεῖν) τινά Lk 23:11; B 7:9. Pass. Mk 9:12 v.l.—DELG s.v. οὐ. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἐξουθενέω

  • 123 ἐξουθενόω

    ἐξουθενέω/ἐξουθενόω (s. prec. entry) fut. ἐξουθενήσω,-ωσω LXX; 1 aor. ἐξουθένησα,-ωσα; pf. ἐξουθένηκα,-ωκα LXX. Pass.: 1 aor. ἐξουθενήθην,-ώθην; pf. ἐξουθένημαι, ptc. ἐξουθηνημένος LXX, ἐξουθενωμένοι (only TestAsh 7:2 w. ἐξουδενωμένοι) (ἐξουθενέω: Herodian Gr. II 508, 10; Just.; Cass. Dio 7, 8, 8; En 99:14 [pres. ptc.]; Vi. Aesopi G 80 p. 60, last two lines P. ἐξουθενηθείς; Vi. Aesopi W 77b p. 97, 2 P. ἐξουθένησας [beside p. 96, 37 ἐξουδενῆσαι]; schol. on Pla., Gorg. 483b; TestSol 22:5 P ἐξουθενημένην; JosAs 13:10 ἐξουθένηκα; 2:1 [pres. ptc.]. ἐξουθενόω: Rhet. Gr. I 623, 27; PsSol 2:5 and 27; En 99:14 pres. ptc.; TestLevi 16:2; TestAsh 7:2; Mk 9:12 v.l.; 1 Cl 18:17=Ps 50:19. For the spelling s. New Docs 2, 83 and the reff. s.v. ἐξουδενέω.)
    ① to show by one’s attitude or manner of treatment that an entity has no merit or worth, disdain τινά someone (Ps.-Callisth. p. 72, 19; Achmes 128, 10; schol. on Soph., Ajax 368 p. 36 Papag. [1888]) Lk 18:9 (Field, Notes 72); Ro 14:3, 10; 1 Cor 16:11; σὺ τίς εἶ ἐξουθενῶν αὐτήν who in the world are you to disdain her? GMary 463, 23; τὶ someth. (Jos., Bell. 6, 315. Pass.: Philo, Leg. All. 2, 67) 1 Cl 18:17 (Ps 50:19). ἐξουθενημένος despised, of no account οἱ ἐ. (Philo, Mos. 2, 241; Just., D. 121, 3 παρουσίᾳ; 131, 2 μυστηρίου) 1 Cor 6:4; τὰ ἐ. 1:28. Of the speaking ability of the apostle when he appears in person (parall. ἀσθενής): it amounts to nothing 2 Cor 10:10. The expr. τ. πειρασμὸν ὑμῶν ἐν τ. σαρκί μου οὐκ ἐξουθενήσατε Gal 4:14 contains two major components: ‘My physical weakness did indeed distress you’ and ‘You did not despise me because of it’. The acc. in the phrase τ. πειρασμὸν ὑμῶν is prob. temporal, and the concluding verb is abs.; the thought can be rendered during your time of trial in connection with my physical disability, you showed no disdain. (See 2.)
    ② to have no use for someth. as being beneath one’s consideration, reject disdainfully (1 Km 8:7; PsSol 2:5; En 99:14). So 1 Th 5:20; Ac 4:11.—Bauer observed that at least for διαπτύω τι the mng. ‘reject someth.’ is well established (Dositheus, Ars Gramm. 68, 10 Tolk.: διέπτυσεν αὐτοῦ τὰς ἱκετείας) and likewise for περιπτύω (Simplicius in Epict. p. 58, 8; 61, 20; 98, 36; 119, 18). He suggested that Gal 4:14 might be translated: ‘You neither treated me w. contempt nor did you turn away from the temptation that my physical appearance might have become to you.’ (See 1.)
    ③ to regard another as of no significance and therefore worthy of maltreatment (=ἐξουδενέω), treat w. contempt (Just., A I, 63, 16 ἐξουθενηθῆναι καὶ παθεῖν) τινά Lk 23:11; B 7:9. Pass. Mk 9:12 v.l.—DELG s.v. οὐ. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἐξουθενόω

  • 124 ἐπεί

    ἐπεί conj. (Hom.+. For early Gk. s. lit. LfgrE s.v. ἐπεί 626.).
    ① marker of time at which, when, after (Diod S 3, 35, 1; Ps.-Callisth. 3, 34, 4 ἐπεὶ ἦλθον=when they had come; Just., A II, 2, 2 [ἐπειδή v.l.]; Ath. 4:2) in NT only as a v.l. in Lk 7:1 for ἐπειδή (B-D-F §455, 1; Rob. 971); Dg 8:11; 9:2; MPol 8:1.
    ② marker of cause or reason, because, since, for Mt 18:32; 21:46; 27:6; Mk 15:42; Lk 1:34; J 13:29; 19:31; Ac 13:46 v.l.; 1 Cor 14:12; 2 Cor 11:18; 13:3; Hb 5:2, 11; 6:13; 9:17; 11:11; 2 Cl 2:3; B 6:2f, 11 al.; cp. Hs 5, 5, 1; 6, 5, 1; AcPt Ox 849, 28; AcPl Ha 8, 13. ἐπεὶ καί since indeed (as Appian, Bell. Civ. 5, 71 §302; Ar., Oxy 1778, 33; Just., D. 112, 2; 122, 3 al.) B 7:3; GPt 2:5; MPol 6:2. ἐ. οὖν inferential since, then (X., Mem. 3, 9, 5; Job 35:7; 4 Macc 4:26) Hb 2:14; 4:6; B 12:10; IEph 1:3; IMg 2; 5:1; 6:1; IPol 8:1. οὐκ ἐπεί not that IMg 11:1; ITr 8:1. ἐ. οὐχ ὅτι IMg 3:2 (see ὅτι 2b). W. ellipsis for (if it were different), for otherwise (also earlier Gk.: Pla., Euthyphro 9b; X., Cyr. 2, 2, 31; Aristot., EN 2, 2, 1 [1103b 28]. Also Plut., Agis 795 [2, 5]; Epict., Ench. 33, 9; BGU 530, 30; 4 Macc 1:33; 2:7, 19 al.; B-D-F §456, 3; Rob. 1025f) Ro 3:6; 11:6, 22; 1 Cor 14:16; 15:29; Hb 10:2; AcPlCor 2:9 (cp. UPZ 110, 204 [164 B.C.] ἐπεὶ οὐκ ἂν οὕτως ἀλόγητοι ἦτε=‘for otherwise you would not be so unreasonable’). In an anacolouthon IRo 1:1. ἐ. ἔδει αὐτὸν πολλάκις παθεῖν for otherwise he would have had to suffer many times Hb 9:26. ἐ. ἄρα for otherwise, you see 1 Cor 5:10; 7:14.—ἐπείπερ (Aeschyl. et al.; pap; Jos., Ant. 18, 296; 19, 268) inasmuch as, seeing that Ro 3:30 v.l. (for εἴπερ; s. also ἐπειδήπερ).—DELG. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἐπεί

  • 125 ἔχω

    ἔχω (Hom.+) impf. εἶχον, 1 pl. εἴχαμεν and 3 pl. εἶχαν (both as vv.ll.; Mlt-H. 194; B-D-F §82) Mk 8:7; Rv 9:8 or εἴχοσαν (B-D-F §84, 2; Mlt-H. 194; Kühner-Bl. II p. 55) J 15:22, 24; 2 aor. ἔσχον; mixed aor. forms include ἔσχαν Hv 3, 5, 1, ἔσχοσαν 1 Esdr 6:5; 1 Macc 10:15 (ἔσχον, εἴχον vv.ll.); pf. ἔσχηκα; plpf. ἐσχήκειν.—In the following divisions: act. trans. 1–9; act. intr. 10; mid. 11.
    ① to possess or contain, have, own (Hom.+)
    ⓐ to possess someth. that is under one’s control
    α. own, possess (s. esp. TestJob 9f) κτήματα πολλά own much property Mt 19:22; Mk 10:22. πρόβατα Lk 15:4; J 10:16. θησαυρόν Mt 19:21; Mk 10:21b. βίον living Lk 21:4; 1J 3:17. δραχμὰς δέκα Lk 15:8. πλοῖα Rv 18:19. κληρονομίαν Eph 5:5. θυσιαστήριον Hb 13:10a; μέρος ἔ. ἔν τινι have a share in someth. Rv 20:6. Gener. μηδὲν ἔ. own nothing (SibOr 3, 244) 2 Cor 6:10. ὅσα ἔχεις Mk 10:21; cp. 12:44; Mt 13:44, 46; 18:25. τί ἔχεις ὸ̔ οὐκ ἔλαβες; what do you have that you have not been given? 1 Cor 4:7. The obj. acc. is often used w. an adj. or ptc.: ἔ. ἅπαντα κοινά have everything in common Ac 2:44 (cp. Jos., Ant. 15, 18). ἔ. πολλὰ ἀγαθὰ κείμενα have many good things stored up Lk 12:19.—Hb 12:1. Abs. ἔ. have (anything) (Soph.et al.; Sir 13:5; 14:11) Mt 13:12a; Mk 4:25a; Lk 8:18a. ἐκ τοῦ ἔχειν in accordance w. what you have 2 Cor 8:11. ἔ. εἰς ἀπαρτισμόν have (enough) to complete Lk 14:28. W. neg. ἔ. have nothing Mt 13:12b; Mk 4:25b; Lk 8:18b.—ὁ ἔχων the one who has, who is well off (Soph., Aj. 157; Eur., Alc. 57; X., An. 7, 3, 28; Ar. 15:7). πᾶς ὁ ἔχων everyone who has (anything) Mt 25:29a; Lk 19:26a. ὁ μὴ ἔχων the one who has nothing (X., An. 7, 3, 28; 1 Esdr 9:51, 54; 2 Esdr 18:10) Mt 25:29b; Lk 19:26b; 1 Cor 11:22.
    β. have = hold in one’s charge or keeping ἔ. τὰς κλεῖς hold the keys Rv 1:18; cp. 3:7. τὸ γλωσσόκομον the money-box J 12:6; 13:29.
    ⓑ to contain someth. have, possess, of the whole in relation to its parts
    α. of living beings, of parts of the body in men and animals μέλη Ro 12:4a; cp. 1 Cor 12:12. σάρκα καὶ ὀστέα Lk 24:39 (Just., A I, 66, 2 καὶ σάρκα καὶ αἷμα) ἀκροβυστίαν Ac 11:3. οὖς Rv 2:7, 11. ὦτα Mt 11:15; Mk 7:16; Lk 8:8. χεῖρας, πόδας, ὀφθαλμούς Mt 18:8f; Mk 9:43, 45, 47. Of animals and animal-like beings ἔ. πρόσωπον Rv 4:7. πτέρυγας vs. 8. κέρατα 5:6. ψυχάς 8:9. τρίχας 9:8. κεφαλάς 12:3 (TestAbr B 14 p. 118, 19 [Stone p. 84]) al. ἔχοντες ὑγιῆ τὴν σάρκα AcPlCor 2:32 (Just., D. 48, 3 σάρκα ἔχων). Of plants (TestAbr B 3 p. 107, 6 [Stone p. 62] εὗρον δένδρον … ἔχον κλάδους) ῥίζαν ἔ. Mt 13:6; Mk 4:6.
    β. of inanimate things: of cities τ. θεμελίους ἔ. Hb 11:10; cp. Rv 21:14. Of a head-covering χαρακτῆρα ἔχει βασιλικόν has a royal emblem GJs 2:2.
    ⓒ to have at hand, have at one’s disposal have ἄρτους Mt 14:17; cp. 15:34; J 21:5, where the sense is prob. ‘Did you catch any fish for breakfast?’. οὐκ ἔχω ὸ̔ παραθήσω αὐτῷ I have nothing to set before him Lk 11:6. μὴ ἐχόντων τί φάγωσι since they had nothing to eat Mk 8:1; cp. Mt 15:32 (Soph., Oed. Col. 316 οὐκ ἔχω τί φῶ). οὐκ ἔχω ποῦ συνάξω I have no place to store Lk 12:17. ἄντλημα a bucket J 4:11a. οἰκίας ἔ. have houses (at one’s disposal) 1 Cor 11:22. Of pers.: have (at one’s disposal) (PAmh 92, 18 οὐχ ἕξω κοινωνόν and oft. in pap) Moses and the prophets Lk 16:29. παράκλητον an advocate, a helper 1J 2:1. οὐδένα ἔ. ἰσόψυχον Phil 2:20. ἄνθρωπον οὐκ ἔ. J 5:7.
    ⓓ to have within oneself have σύλλημα ἔχει ἐκ πνεύματος ἁγίου she has something conceived through the Holy Spirit GJs 18:1. Var. constr. w. ἐν: of women ἐν γαστρὶ ἔ. be pregnant (γαστήρ 2) Mt 1:18, 23 (Is 7:14); 24:19; Mk 13:17; Lk 21:23; 1 Th 5:3; Rv 12:2. ἔ. τινὰ ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ have someone in one’s heart Phil 1:7 (Ovid, Metam. 2, 641 aliquem clausum pectore habere). ἔ. τι ἐν ἑαυτῷ (Jos., Ant. 8, 171; cp. TestAbr A 3 p. 80, 14 [Stone p. 8] ἔκρυψεν τὸ μυστήριον, μόνος ἔχων ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ): ζωήν J 5:26. τὴν μαρτυρίαν 1J 5:10; τὸ ἀπόκριμα τοῦ θανάτου have a sentence of death within oneself 2 Cor 1:9.
    ⓔ to have with oneself or in one’s company have μεθʼ ἑαυτοῦ (X., Cyr. 1, 4, 17) τινά someone Mt 15:30; 26:11; Mk 2:19; 14:7; J 12:8; AcPl Ha 8, 35; σὺν αὐτῷ 4:18.—The ptc. w. acc. = with (Diod S 12, 78, 1 ἔχων δύναμιν with a [military] force; 18, 61, 1 ὁ θρόνος ἔχων τὸ διάδημα the throne with the diadem; JosAs 27:8 ἔχοντες ἐσπασμένας τὰς ῥομφαίας ‘with their swords drawn’) ἀνέβησαν ἔχοντες αὐτόν they went up with him Lk 2:42 D.
    ② to stand in a close relationship to someone, have, have as
    ⓐ of relatives πατέρα ἔ. J 8:41. ἀδελφούς Lk 16:28. ἄνδρα (Aristot., Cat. 15b, 27f λεγόμεθα δὲ καὶ γυναῖκα ἔχειν καὶ ἡ γυνὴ ἄνδρα; Tob 3:8 BA) be married (of the woman) J 4:17f; 1 Cor 7:2b, 13; Gal 4:27 (Is 54:1). γυναῖκα of the man (cp. Lucian, Tox. 45; SIG 1160 γυναικὸς Αἴ., τῆς νῦν ἔχει; PGM 13, 320; 1 Esdr 9:12, 18; Just., D. 141, 4 πολλὰς ἔσχον γυναίκας. As early as Od. 11, 603 Heracles ἔχει Ἥβην) 1 Cor 7:2a, 12, 29 (for the wordplay cp. Heliod. 1, 18, 4 in connection w. the handing over of a virgin: σὺ ἔχων οὐκ ἕξεις; Crates, 7th Ep. [p. 58, 8 Malherbe] πάντʼ ἔχοντες οὐδὲν ἔχετε). τέκνα Mt 21:28; 22:24; 1 Ti 3:4; 5:4; Tit 1:6. υἱούς (Artem. 5, 42 τὶς τρεῖς ἔχων υἱούς; cp. θυγατέρα TestAbr B 10 p. 114, 17 [Stone p.76]) Lk 15:11; Gal 4:22. σπέρμα have children Mt 22:25. W. acc. as obj. and in predicate (Ar. 8, 4 τούτους συνηγόρους ἔχοντες τῆς κακίας; 11, 3 ἔσχε μοιχὸν τὸν Ἄρην; Ath. 7, 2 ἔχομεν προφήτας μάρτυρας) ἔ. τινὰ πατέρα have someone as father Mt 3:9. ἔ. τινὰ γυναῖκα (w. γυναῖκα to be understood fr. the context) 14:4; cp. Mk 6:18; ὥστε γυναῖκά τινα τοῦ πατρὸς ἔ. that someone has taken his father’s wife (as his own wife: the simple ἔχειν in this sense as Plut., Cato Min. 21, 3; Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 10 §34; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 147. Perh. an illicit relationship is meant, as Longus 4, 17; Hesychius Miles. [VI A.D.], Viri Ill. 4 JFlach [1880] ἔχω Λαί̈δα) 1 Cor 5:1 (Diod S 20, 33, 5 of a man who had illicit relations with his stepmother: ἔχειν λάθρᾳ τοῦ πατρὸς τὴν Ἀλκίαν).
    ⓑ more gener. φίλον have a friend Lk 11:5. ἀσθενοῦντας have sick people Lk 4:40 and χήρας widows 1 Ti 5:16 to care for; παιδαγωγοὺς ἔ. 1 Cor 4:15. δοῦλον Lk 17:7. οἰκονόμον 16:1; κύριον ἔ. have a master, i.e. be under a master’s control Col 4:1; δεσπότην ἔ. 1 Ti 6:2; βασιλέα J 19:15. ἀρχιερέα Hb 4:14; 8:1. ποιμένα Mt 9:36. ἔχων ὑπʼ ἐμαυτὸν στρατιώτας I have soldiers under me Lk 7:8. W. direct obj. and predicate acc. ἔ. τινὰ ὑπηρέτην have someone as an assistant Ac 13:5 (Just., A I, 14, 1) ἔ. τινὰ τύπον have someone as an example Phil 3:17.—Of the relation of Christians to God and to Jesus ἔ. θεόν, τὸν πατέρα, τὸν υἱόν have God, the Father, the Son, i.e. be in communion w. them 1J 2:23; 2J 9; AcPl Ha 4, 7.—HHanse, at end of this entry.
    ③ to take a hold on someth., have, hold (to), grip
    ⓐ of holding someth. in one’s hand ἔ. τι ἐν τῇ χειρί have someth. in one’s hand (since Il. 18, 505) Rv 1:16; 6:5; 10:2; 17:4. Of holding in the hand without ἐν τῇ χειρί (Josh 6:8; JosAs 5:7) ἔ. κιθάραν 5:8. λιβανωτὸν χρυσοῦν 8:3, cp. vs. 6; 14:17 and s. ἀλάβαστρον Mt 26:7 and Mk 14:3.
    ⓑ of keeping someth. safe, a mina (a laborer’s wages for about three months) in a handkerchief keep safe Lk 19:20.
    ⓒ of holding fast to matters of transcendent importance, fig. τὴν μαρτυρίαν Rv 6:9; 12:17; 19:10; the secret of Christian piety 1 Ti 3:9; an example of sound teaching 2 Ti 1:13; keep (Diod S 17, 93, 1 τὴν βασιλείαν ἔχειν=keep control) Mk 6:18.
    ⓓ of states of being hold, hold in its grip, seize (Hom. et al.; PGiss 65a, 4 παρακαλῶ σε κύριέ μου, εἰδότα τὴν ἔχουσάν με συμφορὰν ἀπολῦσαί μοι; Job 21:6; Is 13:8; Jos., Ant. 3, 95 δέος εἶχε τοὺς Ἑβρ.; 5, 63; Just., D. 19, 3) εἶχεν αὐτὰς τρόμος καὶ ἔκστασις trembling and amazement had seized them Mk 16:8.
    ④ to carry/bear as accessory or part of a whole, have on, wear, of clothing, weapons, etc. (Hom. et al.; LXX; TestAbr B p. 114, 22 [Stone p. 76]) τὸ ἔνδυμα Mt 3:4; 22:12 (cp. ἔνδυσιν TestJob 25:7). κατὰ κεφαλῆς ἔχων w. τὶ to be supplied while he wears (a covering) on his head 1 Cor 11:4. ἔ. θώρακας Rv 9:9, 17. ἔ. μάχαιραν wear a sword (Jos., Ant. 6, 190) J 18:10. Sim. of trees ἔ. φύλλα have leaves Mk 11:13 (ApcSed. 8:8).
    ⑤ be in a position to do someth., can, be able, ἔ. w. inf. foll. (Hom. et al.; cp. Eur., Hec. 761; Hdt. 1, 49; Pla., Phd. p. 76d; Demosth., Ep. 2, 22; Theocr. 10, 37 τὸν τρόπον οὐκ ἔχω εἰπεῖν=I cannot specify the manner; Lucian, Dial. Mort. 21, 2, Hermot. 55; Epict. 1, 9, 32; 2, 2, 24 al.; Ael. Aristid. 51, 50 K.=27 p. 546 D.: οὐκ ἔχω λέγειν; PPetr II, 12, 1, 16; PAmh 131, 15; Pr 3:27; ApcEsdr 2:24; 3:7; 6:5; TestAbr A 8, p. 86, 13 [Stone p. 20]; Jos., Ant. 1, 338; 2, 58; Just., A I, 19, 5, D. 4, 6 οὐκ ἔχω εἰπεῖν) ἔ. ἀποδοῦναι be able to pay Mt 18:25a; Lk 7:42; 14:14. μὴ ἔ. περισσότερον τι ποιῆσαι be in a position to do nothing more 12:4. οὐδὲν ἔ. ἀντειπεῖν be able to make a reply Ac 4:14; cp. Tit 2:8. ἔ. κατηγορεῖν αὐτοῦ J 8:6 (cp. 9a below, end). ἀσφαλές τι γράψαι οὐκ ἔχω I have nothing definite to write Ac 25:26a; cp. 26b. ἔ. μεταδιδόναι Eph 4:28a. ἔ. τὴν τούτων μνήμην ποιεῖσθαι be able to recall these things to mind 2 Pt 1:15. κατʼ οὐδενὸς εἶχεν μείζονος ὀμόσαι he could swear by no one greater Hb 6:13. In the same sense without the actual addition of the inf., which is automatically supplied fr. context (X., An. 2, 1, 9) ὸ̔ ἔσχεν (i.e. ποιῆσαι) ἐποίησεν she has done what she could Mk 14:8.
    ⑥ to have an opinion about someth., consider, look upon, view w. acc. as obj. and predicate acc. (POxy 292, 6 [c. 25 A.D.] ἔχειν αὐτὸν συνεσταμένον=look upon him as recommended; 787 [16 A.D.]; PGiss 71, 4; Job 30:9; Ps.-Clem., Hom. 16, 19; Ath. 32, 3 τοὺς μὲν υἱοὺς … νοοῦμεν, τοὺς δὲ ἀδελφούς ἔχομεν) ἔχε με παρῃτημένον consider me excused (= don’t expect me to come) Lk 14:18b, 19 (cp. Martial 2, 79 excusatum habeas me). τινὰ ἔντιμον ἔ. hold someone in honor Phil 2:29. ἔ. τινὰ ὡς προφήτην consider someone a prophet Mt 14:5; 21:26, 46 v.l. (cp. GNicod 5 [=Acta Pilati B 5 p. 297 Tdf.] ἔχειν [Jannes and Jambres] ὡς θεούς; Just., D. 47, 5 τὸν μετανοοῦντα … ὡς δίκαιον καὶ ἀναμάρτητον ἔχει). ἔ. τινὰ εἰς προφήτην consider someone a prophet Mt 21:46 (cp. Duris [III B.C.]: 76 Fgm. 21 Jac. ὸ̔ν εἰς θεοὺς ἔχουσιν). εἶχον τ. Ἰωάννην ὄντως ὅτι προφήτης ἦν they thought that John was really a prophet Mk 11:32.
    ⑦ to experience someth., have (freq. in auxiliary capacity CTurner, JTS 28, 1927, 357–60)
    ⓐ of all conditions of body and soul (Hom. et al.; LXX)
    α. of illness, et al. (ApcMos 6 νόσον καὶ πόνον ἔχω; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 305) ἀσθενείας have sicknesses/diseases Ac 28:9. μάστιγας physical troubles Mk 3:10. πληγὴν τῆς μαχαίρης Rv 13:14. θλῖψιν J 16:33b; 1 Cor 7:28; Rv 2:10. Esp. of possession by hostile spirits: δαιμόνιον ἔ. be possessed by an evil spirit Mt 11:18; Lk 7:33; 8:27; J 7:20; 8:48f, 52; 10:20. Βεελζεβούλ Mk 3:22. πνεῦμα ἀκάθαρτον vs. 30; 7:25; Ac 8:7. πνεῦμα δαιμονίου ἀκαθάρτου Lk 4:33. πνεῦμα πονηρόν Ac 19:13. πνεῦμα ἄλαλον Mk 9:17. πνεῦμα ἀσθενείας spirit of sickness Lk 13:11. τὸν λεγιῶνα (the evil spirit called) Legion Mk 5:15.
    β. gener. of conditions, characteristics, capabilities, emotions, inner possession: ἀγάπην ἔ. have love (cp. Diod S 3, 58, 3 φιλίαν ἔχειν; Just., D. 93, 4 φιλίαν ἢ ἀγάπην ἔχοντε) J 5:42; 13:35; 15:13; 1J 4:16; 1 Cor 13:1ff; 2 Cor 2:4; Phil 2:2; 1 Pt 4:8. ἀγνωσίαν θεοῦ fail to know God 1 Cor 15:34. ἁμαρτίαν J 9:41; 15:22a. ἀσθένειαν Hb 7:28. γνῶσιν 1 Cor 8:1, 10 (Just., A II, 13, 1; D. 28, 4). ἐλπίδα Ac 24:15; Ro 15:4; 2 Cor 3:12; 10:15; Eph 2:12; 1J 3:3 (Ath. 33, 1). ἐπιθυμίαν Phil 1:23. ἐπιποθίαν Ro 15:23b; ζῆλον ἔ. have zeal Ro 10:2. Have jealousy Js 3:14. θυμόν Rv 12:12. λύπην (ApcMos 3 p. 2, 16 Tdf.) J 16:21f; 2 Cor 2:3; Phil 2:27; μνείαν τινὸς ἔ. remember someone 1 Th 3:6. παρρησίαν Phlm 8; Hb 10:19; 1J 2:28; 3:21; 4:17; 5:14. πεποίθησιν 2 Cor 3:4; Phil 3:4. πίστιν Mt 17:20; 21:21; Mk 4:40; Ac 14:9; Ro 14:22; 1 Cor 13:2; 1 Ti 1:19 al. (Just., A I, 52, 1). προφητείαν have the gift of prophecy 1 Cor 13:2. σοφίαν (X., Mem. 2, 3, 10) Rv 17:9. συνείδησιν ἁμαρτιῶν Hb 10:2. καλὴν συνείδησιν 13:18; ἀγαθὴν ς. 1 Ti 1:19; 1 Pt 3:16; ἀπρόσκοπον ς. Ac 24:16; ὑπομονήν Rv 2:3. φόβον 1 Ti 5:20. χαράν Phlm 7. χάριν ἔ. τινί be grateful to someone Lk 17:9; 1 Ti 1:12; 2 Ti 1:3; σιγὴν ἔ. be silent Hs 9, 11, 5. ἀνάγκην ἔσχον I felt it necessary Jd 3 (HKoskenniemi, Studien zur Idee und Phraseologie des Griechischen Briefes bis 400 n. Chr. ’56, 78–87).
    γ. of advantages, benefits, or comforts that one enjoys: ἔ. τὰ αἰτήματα to have been granted the requests 1J 5:15; ἀνάπαυσιν ἔ. have rest Rv 4:8; 14:11; ἀπόλαυσιν τινος ἔ. enjoy someth. Hb 11:25. βάθος γῆς Mt 13:5b; Mk 4:5b; γῆν πολλήν Mt 13:5a; Mk 4:5a. τὴν προσέλευσιν τὴν πρὸς τὸν κύριον AcPl Ha 8, 22f; εἰρήνην Ro 5:1. ἐλευθερίαν Gal 2:4. S. ἐξουσία, ἐπαγγελία, ἔπαινος, ζωή, ἰκμάς, καιρός, καρπός, καύχημα, καύχησις, λόγος, μισθός, νοῦς, πνεῦμα, προσαγωγή, πρόφασις, τιμή, χάρις (=favor), χάρισμα.
    δ. of a sense of obligation in regard to someth.—W. dir. object have = have someth. over one, be under someth.: ἀνάγκην ἔχειν be under necessity 1 Cor 7:37a; w. inf. foll. have a need (ἀνάγκη 1) Lk 14:18; 23:16 v.l.; Hb 7:27; χρείαν ἔ. be in need abs. Eph 4:28b; τινός need someth. (Aeschyl. et al.; SIG 333, 20; 421, 35 al.; PPetr III, 42 G 9, 7 [III B.C.] ἐάν τινος χρείαν ἔχῃς; Ath. 13, 2 ποίας ἔτι χρείαν ἑκατόμβης ἔχει;) Mt 6:8; 9:12a; Mk 11:3; Lk 19:31, 34; J 13:29; 1 Cor 12:21; Hb 10:36 al.; w. inf. foll. (TestSol 13:2) Mt 3:14; 14:16; J 13:10; 1 Th 1:8; 4:9; 5:1. νόμον J 19:7. ἐπιταγήν 1 Cor 7:25. ἐντολήν (SIG 559, 9 ἔ. τὰς ἰντολάς; 1 Esdr 4:52; 2 Macc 3:13; Jos., Bell. 1, 261) Hb 7:5; 1J 2:7; 4:21; 2J 5; cp. J 14:21. διακονίαν 2 Cor 4:1. ἀγῶνα Phil 1:30; Col 2:1. πρᾶξιν Ro 12:4b. ἔγκλημα Ac 23:29. κόλασιν ApcPt Bodl. (ApcEsdr 1:22 p. 25, 17 Tdf.).
    ε. of a sense of inevitability in respect to some action.—W. inf. foll. one must (Ps.-Callisth. 2, 1, 3 καθαιρεθῆναι ἔχεις=you must be deposed; Porphyr., Against the Christians 63 Harnack [ABA 1916] παθεῖν; Gen 18:31; Jos., Ant. 19, 348 τοῦ τεθνάναι; TestSol 5:12 σίδηρα ἔχεις φορέσαι; TestAbr A 18 p. 100, 22 [Stone p. 48] τοῦ βίου τοῦτου ἀπαλλάξαι εἶχες; Just., D. 51, 2 ἔργῳ πεισθήναι ὑμῶν ἐχόντων) βάπτισμα ἔχω βαπτισθῆναι I must undergo a baptism Lk 12:50. ἔχω σοί τι εἰπεῖν I have someth. to say to you (Lucian, Philops. 1 ἔχεις μοι εἰπεῖν. Without dat. Aelian, VH 2, 23; Jos., Ant. 16, 312) 7:40. καινόν σοι θέαμα ἔχω ἐξηγήσασθαι I have a wonderful new thing to tell you=‘I must tell you about something wonderful that I’ve just seen’ GJs 19:3. ἀπαγγεῖλαι Ac 23:17, 19; cp. vs. 18. πολλὰ γράφειν 2J 12; 3J 13.
    ⓑ of temporal circumstances w. indications of time and age: πεντήκοντα ἔτη οὔπω ἔχεις you are not yet fifty years old J 8:57 (cp. Jos., Ant. 1, 198). τριάκοντα κ. ὀκτὼ ἔτη ἔχων ἐν τῇ ἀσθενείᾳ αὐτοῦ who had been sick for 38 years 5:5 (Cyranides p. 63, 25 πολὺν χρόνον ἔχων ἐν τῇ ἀρρωστίᾳ. W. cardinal numeral TestJob 26:1 δέκα ἑπτὰ ἔτη ἔχω ἐν ταῖς πληγαῖς; POxy 1862, 17 τέσσαρες μῆνας ἔχει. Mirac. S. Georgii 44, 7 [JAufhauser 1913] ἔσχεν … ἔτη ἑπτά); cp. Mt 9:20 v.l. τέσσαρας ἡμέρας ἔ. ἐν τῷ μνημείῳ have lain in the grave for four days J 11:17 (Jos., Ant. 7, 1 αὐτοῦ δύο ἡμέρας ἔχοντος ἐν τῇ Σεκέλλᾳ). πολὺν χρόνον ἔ. be (somewhere or in a certain condition) for a long time 5:6. ἡλικίαν ἔχειν be of age (Pla., Euthyd. 32, 306d; Plut., Mor. 547a; BGU 168 τοῖς ἀτελέσι ἔχουσι τὴν ἡλικίαν) 9:21, 23. τέλος ἔχειν have an end, be at an end (Lucian, Charon 17; UPZ 81 III, 20 [II A.D.] τέλος ἔχει πάντα; Ar. 4:2 ἀρχὴν καὶ τέλος) Mk 3:26; Lk 22:37 (on the latter pass. s. τέλος 2); cp. Hb 7:3.
    ⑧ as connective marker, to have or include in itself, bring about, cause w. acc. (Hom. et al.; Wsd 8:16) of ὑπομονή: ἔργον τέλειον Js 1:4. Of πίστις: ἔργα 2:17. Of φόβος: κόλασιν 1J 4:18. Of παρρησία: μεγάλην μισθαποδοσίαν Hb 10:35. Of πολυτέλεια: λύπην, χαράν Hs 1, 10. ἐσχάτην εὐλογίαν, ἥτις διαδοχὴν οὐκ ἔχει ultimate blessing, which has no successor GJs 6:2.
    ⑨ special combinations
    ⓐ w. prep. ἐν: τὸν θεὸν ἔ. ἐν ἐπιγνώσει acknowledge God Ro 1:28 (cp. ἐν ὀργῇ ἔ. τινά=‘be angry at someone’, Thu. 2, 18, 5; 2, 21, 3; ἐν ὀρρωδίᾳ ἔ. τ. 2, 89, 1; ἐν ἡδονῇ ἔ. τ.=‘be glad to see someone’ 3, 9, 1; ἐν εὐνοίᾳ ἔ. Demosth. 18, 167). ἐν ἑτοίμῳ ἔ. 2 Cor 10:6 (ἕτοιμος b). ἐν ἐμοὶ οὐκ ἔχει οὐδέν he has no hold on me J 14:30 (Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 32 §125 ἔχειν τι ἔν τινι=have someth. [hope of safety] in someone). κατά τινος: on 1 Cor 11:4 s. above 4. ἔ. τι κατά τινος have someth. against someone Mt 5:23; Mk 11:25; w. ὅτι foll. Rv 2:14. ἔ. κατά τινος w. sim. mng. Hm 2:2; Hs 9, 23, 2; w. ὅτι foll. Rv 2:4, 20. ἔ. τινὰ κατὰ πρόσωπον meet someone face to face Ac 25:16. μετά: ἔ. τι μετά τινος have someth. w. someone κρίματα lawsuits 1 Cor 6:7. περί: ἔ. περί τινος have (a word, a reference, an explanation) about someth. B 12:1; with adv. τελείως 10:10. πρός τινα have someth. against someone (Ps.-Callisth. 2, 21, 21 ὅσον τις ὑμῶν ἔχει πρὸς ἕτερον) Ac 24:19. ζητήματα ἔ. πρός τινα have differences w. someone (on points in question) 25:19. λόγον ἔ. πρός τινα 19:38. πρᾶγμα (=Lat. causa, ‘lawsuit’: BGU 19 I, 5; 361 II, 4) ἔ. πρός τινα (POxy 743, 19 [2 B.C.] εἰ πρὸς ἄλλους εἶχον πρᾶγμα; BGU 22:8) 1 Cor 6:1. ἵνα ἔχωσιν κατηγορίαν αὐτοῦ J 8:4 D (cp. 5 above). πρός τινα ἔ. μομφήν have a complaint against someone Col 3:13.
    ⓑ τοῦτο ἔχεις ὅτι you have this (in your favor), that Rv 2:6. ἔ. ὁδόν be situated (a certain distance) away (cp. Peripl. Eryth. 37: Ὡραία ἔχουσα ὁδὸν ἡμερῶν ἑπτὰ ἀπὸ θαλάσσης) of the Mt. of Olives ὅ ἐστιν ἐγγὺς Ἰερουσαλὴμ σαββάτου ἔχον ὁδόν Ac 1:12.—ἴδε ἔχεις τὸ σόν here you have what is yours Mt 25:25. ἔχετε κουστωδίαν there you have a guard (=you can have a guard) 27:65 (cp. POxy 33 III, 4).
    ⑩ to be in some state or condition, act. intr. (spatially: Ath. 25, 1 οἱ ἄγγελοι … περὶ τόν ἀέρα ἔχοντες καὶ τὴν γῆν) w. adv. (Hom. et al.; ins, pap, LXX).
    ⓐ impers. it is, the situation is (Himerius, Or. 48 [=Or. 14], 10 πῶς ὑμῖν ἔχειν ταῦτα δοκεῖ; =how does this situation seem to you? Just., D. 3, 5 τὸ … ὡσαύτως ἀεὶ ἔχων) ἄλλως 1 Ti 5:25. οὕτως (Antig. Car. 20; Cebes 4, 1; POxy 294, 11 [22 A.D.] εἰ ταῦτα οὕτως ἔχει; TestSol 20:8; Jos., Ant. 15, 261; Just., D. 3:5 οὐχ οὕτως ἔχει) Ac 7:1; 12:15; 17:11; 24:9. τὸ καλῶς ἔχον what is right 1 Cl 14:2 (Michel 543, 12 [c. 200 B.C.] καλῶς ἔχον ἐστὶ τιμᾶσθαι τοὺς εὔνους ἄνδρας). τὸ νῦν ἔχον for the present Ac 24:25 (cp. Plut., Mor. 749a; Lucian, Anachars. 40, Catapl. 13 τὸ δὲ νῦν ἔχον μὴ διάτριβε; Tob 7:11).
    ⓑ pers. be (in a certain way) πῶς ἔχουσιν how they are Ac 15:36 (cp. Gen 43:27; Jos., Ant. 4, 112). ἑτοίμως ἔ. be ready, hold oneself in readiness w. inf. foll. (BGU 80, 17 [II A.D.] ἡ Σωτηρία ἑτοίμως ἔχουσα καταγράψαι; Da 3:15 LXX; Jos., Ant. 13, 6; Just., D. 50, 1) 21:13; 2 Cor 12:14; 1 Pt 4:5. Also ἐν ἑτοίμῳ ἔ. 2 Cor 10:6 (s. ἕτοιμος b end). εὖ ἔ. be well-disposed πρός τινα toward someone Hs 9, 10, 7 (cp. Demosth. 9, 63 ἥδιον ἔχειν πρός τινα; SIG 1094, 4 φιλανθρώπως ἔχει πρὸς πάντας). κακῶς ἔ. be sick (Aristoph. et al.; POxy 935, 15; Ezk 34:4) Mt 4:24; 8:16; 9:12b; 17:15 v.l. (see πάσχω 2). καλῶς ἔ. be well, healthy (Epict. 1, 11, 4; PGen 54, 8; PFlor 230, 24) Mk 16:18; ἐσχάτως ἔ. (s. ἐσχάτως) 5:23; κομψότερον ἔ. feel better (κομψῶς ἔ.: Epict. 2, 18, 14; 3, 10, 13; PParis 18; PTebt 414, 10 ἐὰν κομψῶς σχῶ) J 4:52.
    ⑪ to be closely associated, in a variety of renderings, hold fast, be next to, be next, mid. (Hom. et al.) in NT only ptc.
    ⓐ of proper situation or placement, esp. of inner belonging hold fast, cling to. The ‘to’ of belonging and the ‘with’ of association are expressed by the gen. (Theognis 1, 32 ἀεὶ τῶν ἀγαθῶν ἔχεο=ever hold fast to the good people; X., Oec. 6, 1; Pla., Leg. 7, 811d; Lucian, Hermot. 69 ἐλπίδος οὐ μικρᾶς ἐχόμενα λέγεις; Sallust. 14 p. 26, 24 τ. θεῶν; Philo, Agr. 101 τὰ ἀρετῆς ἐχόμενα; Jos., Ant. 10, 204 οὐδὲν ἀνθρωπίνης σοφίας ἐχόμενον, C. Ap. 1, 83 παλαιᾶς ἱστορίας ἐχόμενον; Just., A I, 68, 1 λόγου καὶ ἀληθείας ἔχεσθαι; Tat. 33, 1 μανίας ἔχεται πολλῆς; Ath., R. 48, 3 λόγῳ … ἀληθείας ἐχομένῳ) τὰ ἐχόμενα σωτηρίας things that belong to salvation Hb 6:9.
    ⓑ of proximity
    α. spatial, to be next to someth: ἐχόμενος neighboring (Isocr. 4, 96 νῆσος; Hdt. 1, 134 al. οἱ ἐχόμενοι=‘the neighbors’; Diod S 5, 15, 1; Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 71 §294; Arrian, Peripl. 7, 2; PParis 51, 5 and oft. in pap; 1 Esdr 4:42; Jos., Ant. 6, 6 πρὸς τὰς ἐχομένας πόλεις; 11, 340) κωμοπόλεις Mk 1:38.
    β. temporal, to be next, immediately following (Thu. 6, 3, 2 τ. ἐχομένου ἔτους al.; SIG 800, 15; PRev 34, 20; PAmh 49, 4; PTebt 124, 43; LXX) τῇ ἐχομένῃ (sc. ἡμέρᾳ, as Polyb. 3, 112, 1; 5, 13, 9; 2 Macc 12:39; Jos., Ant. 6, 235; 7, 18 al.; cp. εἰς τὴν ἐχομένην [i.e. ἡμέραν] PMich 173, 16 [III B.C.]) on the next day Lk 13:33 (v.l. ἐρχομένῃ); Ac 20:15; w. ἡμέρᾳ added (PAmh 50, 17) 21:26. τῷ ἐχομένῳ σαββάτῳ 13:44 v.l. (for ἐρχομένῳ; cp. 1 Macc 4:28, where the witnesses are similarly divided).—On the whole word HHanse, ‘Gott Haben’ in d. Antike u. im frühen Christentum ’39.—B. 641; 740. EDNT. M-M. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἔχω

  • 126 ὑπό

    ὑπό (Hom.+; ins, pap, LXX, En, TestSol; TestAbr A; TestAbr B 14 p. 148, 20 [Stone p. 84 gen.]; TestJob, Test12Patr, JosAs, ParJer, GrBar [gen.], ApcEsdr [gen.], ApcSed [gen.], ApcMos [gen.], AscIs [gen.], EpArist, Philo, Joseph.; apolog. [in Ath. only gen.]) prep. w. gen. and acc., in our lit. not w. dat. (s. B-D-F §203; Rob. 634; for usage s. B-D-F §232; Rob. 633–36; w. dat. TestSol 13:6 C; Just., D. 126, 5; 132, 2).—Lit. s.v. ἀνά, beg.
    A. w. gen. marker of agency or cause, by (in our lit. as well as the LXX no longer in a local sense)
    ⓐ w. the pass. of a verb
    α. w. gen. of pers. τὸ ῥηθὲν ὑπὸ κυρίου (cp. Gen 45:27; SIG 679, 85; Just., D. 44, 1 εἰρῆσθαι ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ; τὰ εἰρημένα ὑπὸ τῶν προφητῶν) Mt 1:22 (Jos., Ant. 8, 223 ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ διὰ τ. προφήτου; Just., A I, 5, 4 διὰ Σωκράτους ὑπὸ λόγου); 2:15. Cp. vs. 16; Mk 1:13; Lk 2:18; J 14:21; Ac 4:11; 1 Cor 1:11; 2 Cor 1:4; Gal 1:11; Eph 2:11; Phil 3:12; 1 Th 1:4; 1 Cl 12:2; 2 Cl 1:2; Hm 4, 3, 6 and oft.; AcPlCor 2:7. Also w. the pass. in the sense ‘allow oneself to be … by’ Mt 3:6, 13; Mk 1:5, 9.
    β. w. gen. of thing (cp. X., An. 1, 5, 5 ὑπὸ λιμοῦ ἀπολέσθαι; Diod S 5, 54, 3 ὑπὸ σεισμῶν διεφθάρησαν; Nicol. Dam.: 90 Fgm. 22 p. 342, 17 Jac. ὑπὸ φαρμακῶν διαφθαρείς; Appian, Liby. 35 §147 ὑπὸ τοῦ χειμῶνος κατήγοντο, Bell. Civ. 4, 123 §515; Longus 2, 18 a nose smashed ὑπὸ πληγῆς τινος; Herm. Wr. 10, 4b; Tat. 8, 5 ὑπὸ βραχείας αὔρας νικηθείς; UPZ 42, 9 [162 B.C.]) καλύπτεσθαι ὑπὸ τῶν κυμάτων Mt 8:24. Cp. 11:7; 14:24; Lk 7:24; 8:14; Ac 27:41; Ro 3:21; 12:21; 1 Cor 10:29; 2 Cor 5:4; Col 2:18; Js 1:14; 3:4ab; 2 Pt 2:17; Jd 12; Rv 6:13; Hm 10, 1, 4.
    ⓑ w. verbs and verbal expressions that have a pass. sense πάσχειν ὑπό τινος (Mel., P. 75, 546ff; s. πάσχω 3aβ; 3b) Mt 17:12; Mk 5:26; 1 Th 2:14ab. ὑπὸ χειρὸς ἀνθρώπων παθεῖν B 5:5 (cp. Mel., P. 96, 737 ὑπὸ δεξιᾶς Ἰσραηλίτιδος). ἀπολέσθαι 1 Cor 10:9f (Jos., Ant. 2, 300; cp. Sb 1209 Ἀπολλώνιος ἐτελεύτησεν ὑπὸ σκορπίου). ὑπομένειν ἀντιλογίαν Hb 12:3. τεσσεράκοντα παρὰ μίαν λαβεῖν 2 Cor 11:24. ἃ … παρέλαβον ὑπὸ τῶν … ἀποστόλων what I received from the apostles AcPlCor 2:2; ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ ἀναστάς raised by God Pol 9:2. γίνεσθαι ὑπό τινος be done by someone (s. γίνομαι 2a) Lk 13:17; 23:8; Ac 20:3; 26:6; Eph 5:12. Cp. Ac 23:30 v.l. The text of GJs 18:3 (not pap) is suspect. W. ὑπὸ γυναικός Hv 1, 2, 3 someth. like ‘it was brought about’ is to be supplied.
    ⓒ w. nouns ἡ ἐπιτιμία ἡ ὑπὸ τῶν πλειόνων the punishment at the hands of the majority 2 Cor 2:6 (cp. X., Cyr. 3, 3, 2 ἡ ὑπὸ πάντων τιμή; SIG 1157, 10 διὰ τὰς εὐεργεσίας τὰς ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ; Esth 1:20 ὁ νόμος ὁ ὑπὸ τοῦ βασιλέως).
    ⓓ When used w. an act., ὑπό introduces the one through whose agency the action expressed by the verb becomes poss. (Hdt. 9, 98; Pla., Phlb. 66a ὑπʼ ἀγγέλων φράζειν=‘say through messengers’; cp. Herm. Wr. 9, 9 ὑπὸ δεισιδαιμονίας βλασφημεῖν; Just., D. 2, 6 ὑπὸ βλακείας ἤλπιζον αὐτίκα κατόψεσθαι τὸν θεόν=in my stupidity I thought that I would forthwith look upon God) ἀποκτεῖναι ὑπὸ τῶν θηρίων Rv 6:8. ὑπὸ ἀγγέλου βλέπεις you see under the guidance of an angel Hs 9, 1, 2b; cp. ibid. 2a and s. Mayser II/2, 511f; to the ref. there add PLeid XI, 1, col. 1, 15.
    B. w. acc.
    ① a position below an object or another position, under, w. acc. of place under, below
    ⓐ answering the question ‘whither?’ ἔρχεσθαι 1 Cl 16:17; Hs 8, 1, 1 (PsSol 18:7). εἰσέρχεσθαι ὑπὸ τὴν στέγην Mt 8:8 (cp. Ar. 15, 7 ὑπὸ στέγην εἰσάγουσιν); Lk 7:6. συνάγειν 1 Cl 12:6. ἐπισυνάγειν Mt 23:37; Lk 13:34. τιθέναι Mt 5:15; Mk 4:21ab; Lk 11:33. κρύπτειν (cp. Job 20:12) 1 Cl 12:3. Also (below) at κάθου ὑπὸ τὸ ὑποπόδιόν μου Js 2:3 (cp. ParJer 5:1 ἐκάθισεν ὑπὸ τὴν σκίαν; Just., D. 107, 3). ὑπὸ τοὺς πόδας under the feet (Hdt. 7, 88, 1) 1 Cor 15:25, 27; Eph 1:22. ὁ θεὸς συντρίψει τὸν σατανᾶν ὑπὸ τοὺς πόδας ὑμῶν God will crush Satan so that he will lie at your feet Ro 16:20.
    ⓑ in answer to the question ‘where?’ (Il. 5, 267; Ael. Aristid. 39 p. 734 D.: τὰ ὑπὸ τὸν ἥλιον; Maximus Tyr. 35, 5b) Mk 4:32. ὄντα ὑπὸ τὴν συκῆν J 1:48. Cp. Ro 3:13 (Ps 13:3; 139:4); 1 Cor 10:1; Jd 6. ὑπὸ τὸν οὐρανόν under heaven=on earth Ac 4:12; as adj. ὁ ὑπὸ τὸν οὐρανόν (found) under heaven=on earth (Demosth. 18, 270; UPZ 106, 14 [99 B.C.] τῶν ὑπὸ τὸν οὐρανὸν χωρῶν; Just., A II, 5, 2; cp. without the art. PsSol 2:32; TestAbr A 15 p. 96, 5 [Stone p. 40]) 2:5; Col 1:23; Hm 12, 4, 2; ἡ ὑπὸ τὸν οὐρανόν (χώρα to be supplied; cp. Ex 17:14; Job 28:24) Lk 17:24a; cp. b. ὑπὸ ζυγὸν δοῦλοι (ζυγός 1) 1 Ti 6:1.
    ② marker of that which is in a controlling position, under, under the control of, under obligation in ref. to power, rule, sovereignty, command, etc. w. acc. (OGI 56, 13 [237 B.C.] ὑπὸ τὴν βασιλείαν τασσόμενοι; PHib 44 [253 B.C.] et al. in pap; Just., D. 52, 4 εἶναι … ὑπὸ ἴδιον βασιλέα) ἄνθρωπος ὑπὸ ἐξουσίαν τασσόμενος (ἐξουσία 4) Lk 7:8a; cp. Mt 8:9a; Hs 1:3 (Vett. Val. 209, 35 ὑπὸ ἑτέρων ἐξουσίαν ὄντας). ἔχων ὑπʼ ἐμαυτὸν στρατιώτας (Polyb. 4, 87, 9 Μεγαλέαν ὑφʼ αὐτὸν εἶχεν) Mt 8:9b; Lk 7:8b (OGI 86, 11 [III B.C.] οἱ ὑπʼ αὐτὸν τεταγμένοι στρατιῶται). ὑπό τινα εἶναι be under someone’s power (Thu. 6, 86, 4; PSI 417, 36 [III B.C.] ὑπὸ τὸν ὅρκον εἶναι) Gal 3:25; 4:2; ὑφʼ ἁμαρτίαν Ro 3:9; ὑπὸ νόμον 6:14, 15 (both opp. ὑπὸ χάριν); 1 Cor 9:20abcd; Gal 4:21; 5:18; ὑπὸ κατάραν 3:10. ὑπὸ νόμον ἐφρουρούμεθα vs. 23. γενόμενος ὑπὸ νόμον Gal 4:4 (γινομαι 9d and Thu. 1, 110, 2 Αἴγυπτος ὑπὸ βασιλέα ἐγένετο). ὑπὸ τὰ στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου ἤμεθα δεδουλωμένοι vs. 3. συνέκλεισεν ἡ γραφὴ τὰ πάντα ὑπὸ ἁμαρτίαν 3:22 (s. συγκλείω 2). πεπραμένος ὑπὸ τὴν ἁμαρτίαν Ro 7:14. ταπεινώθητε ὑπὸ τὴν χεῖρα τοῦ θεοῦ 1 Pt 5:6 (s. ταπεινόω 3); cp. οὐκ ἔκλινας τὴν κεφαλήν σου ὑπὸ τὴν κραταιὰν χεῖραν GJs 15:4; τὸ αἷμά σου ὑπὸ τὴν χεῖράν μού ἐστιν 23:2. οἱ ὑπὸ νόμον those who are under (the power of, obligation to) the law Gal 4:5 (Just., D. 45, 3 [w. art.]; cp. X., Cyr. 3, 3, 6 τινὰς τῶν ὑφʼ ἑαυτούς).
    ③ marker of the approximate time of a period, about w. acc. (w. varying degrees of precision: in earlier Gk.: Aristoph et al.; PTebt 50, 18 [112 B.C.]; Jos., Ant. 14, 420. Rare in LXX and our lit.) ὑπὸ τὸν ὄρθρον about daybreak Ac 5:21 (s. ὄρθρος).
    ④ Special uses
    ⓐ ὑφʼ ἕν at one stroke (Epict. 3, 22, 33; Wsd 12:9; Just., D. 65, 3 of topics treated ‘collectively’) B 4:4. ὑπὸ χεῖρα continually (see s.v. χείρ 3) Hv 3, 10, 7; 5, 5; m 4, 3, 6.
    ⓑ ὑπὸ τὰ ἴχνη IEph 12:2 is translated in the footsteps. Can ὑπό mean this, someth. like Ezk 13:8 (ed. JZiegler ’52 v.l.), where it stands for עַל? But if it = ‘under’, then τὰ ἴχνη would require a different interpretation. See ἴχνος 2. S. the grammarians: Kühner-Gerth II/1 521–26; Schwyzer II 522–23; Mayser II/2 509–15; Radermacher 114–19.—DELG. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ὑπό

  • 127 ὑπομένω

    ὑπομένω impf. ὑπέμενον; fut. ὑπομενῶ; 1 aor. ὑπέμεινα; pf. ptc. ὑπομεμενηκώς, inf. ὑπομεμενηκέναι (Just., D. 67, 6) (Hom.+; ins, pap, LXX; TestSol 11:6; TestJob; EpArist 175; Philo, Joseph., Just.; Tat. 11, 1; Mel., P. 69, 497; Ath. 35, 1)
    ① to stay in a place beyond an expected point of time, remain/stay (behind), while others go away ἐν w. dat. of place (Jos., Ant. 18, 328) Lk 2:43. ἐκεῖ Ac 17:14.
    ② to maintain a belief or course of action in the face of opposition, stand one’s ground, hold out, endure (Il. et al.; remain instead of fleeing: Pla., Tht. 177b ἀνδρικῶς ὑπομεῖναι … ἀνάνδρως φεύγειν) in trouble, affliction, persecution (of Christ: ἐν τῷ νικᾶν καὶ ὑπομένειν Iren. 3, 19, 3 [Harv. II 104, 4]), abs. Mt 10:22 (s. PJoüon, RSR 28, ’38, 310f); 24:13; Mk 13:13 (all three times w. εἰς τέλος); 2 Ti 2:12 (TestJob 4:6 ἐὰν ὑπομείνης); Js 5:11; 1 Cl 35:3f; 45:8 (ἐν πεποιθήσει=full of confidence); 2 Cl 11:5 (ἐλπίσαντες=in joyful hope); IMg 9:2 (διὰ τοῦτο, ἵνα); MPol 2:2 (w. μέχρι and inf.); τοῖς ὑπομείνασιν vs. 3; D 16:5 (ἐν τῇ πίστει αὐτῶν=in their faith, i.e. endure the fiery trial). Hence of Christ simply = submit to, suffer B 5:1, 12 (in both cases w. εἰς τοῦτο=for this purpose); 14:4: IPol 3:2 (both w. διʼ ἡμᾶς); Pol 1:2 (ὑπὲρ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ἡμῶν). κύριος ὑπέμεινεν παθεῖν B 5:5a; cp. 5b and 6; 2 Cl 1:2.—The purpose of the endurance is indicated by εἰς παιδείαν Hb 12:7 (cp. Nicander in Anton. Lib. 28, 1 εἰς ἀλκήν).—The affliction under which one remains steadfast is expressed in var. ways: τῇ θλίψει in tribulation Ro 12:12; 8:24 v.l. (here perh. ‘put up with’, cp. Plut., Mor. 503b). By a ptc. (Jos., Ant. 12, 122) εἰ κολαφιζόμενοι ὑπομενεῖτε 1 Pt 2:20a; cp. vs. 20b. By acc. of thing (Hdt., Thu. et al.; ins, pap, LXX; TestJob 26:4; TestDan 5:13; Philo, Cher. 2; Jos., Ant. 3, 53; Just., A I, 39, 5 πάντα; Tat., Mel.; Orig., C. Cels. 8, 26, 5 πᾶν; Hippol., Ref. 10, 34, 3 πάθη; Did., Gen. 101, 13 κάματον) ταῦτα Dg 2:9. πάντα 1 Cor 13:7; 2 Ti 2:10; ISm 4:2; 9:2; IPol 3:1; Dg 5:5; of Christ πάντα διʼ ἡμᾶς Pol 8:1. σταυρόν Hb 12:2. τὰς βασάνους 2 Cl 17:7. δεινὰς κολάσεις MPol 2:4. τὸ πῦρ 13:3; cp. Dg 10:8. τὴν θλῖψιν Hv 2, 2, 7. τὴν ἐπήρειαν IMg 1:3. ἄθλησιν Hb 10:32. ἀντιλογίαν 12:3. παιδείαν vs. 7 v.l. πειρασμόν Js 1:12; cp. AcPl Ha 8, 22. τὴν ψῆφον τοῦ μαρτυρίου Phlm subscr. v.l.—W. cognate obj. ὑπομονήν Pol. 9:1.—In a weakened sense μηδὲν ἀηδὲς ὑπομείνατος without experiencing anything unpleasant Papias (2:9).—S. Leutzsch, Hermas 399 n. 185 for lit. on endurance of God’s people.
    ③ to wait for with persistence, wait for τινὰ someone (X., An. 4, 1, 21; Appian, Bell. Civ. 5, 81 §343; Sb 4369 II, 22; Ps 24:3, 5; 26:14 al.; Jos., Ant. 5, 121) 1 Cl 34:8; abs. 35:4. In a difft. sense Ox 840, 6, s. ἀπολαμβάνω 1.—PGoicoechea, De conceptu ὑπομονή apud s. Paulum, diss. Rome ’65.—M-M. TW. Spicq.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ὑπομένω

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См. также в других словарях:

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  • не снилось — (не видал и во сне не только наяву) иноск.: никак не думал, и в голову никак не приходило Ср. ούδέ όναρ άν ποτε παθείν. И во сне никогда не испытать. Plut. Philos. 18. См. есть много, друг Горацио …   Большой толково-фразеологический словарь Михельсона

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  • Око за око, зуб за зуб — Око за око, зубъ за зубъ. (Законъ возмездія.) Ср. Gleiches mit Gleichem vergelten. Ср. Par pari refertur. Пер. Равное равному воздается. Hieron. Ep. 45, 5. Ср. Denique Par pari referto. Terent. Eunuch. 3, 1, 55. Ср. Plaut. Merc. 3, 4, 44. Truc. 5 …   Большой толково-фразеологический словарь Михельсона (оригинальная орфография)

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