κατελϑεῖν

κατέρχομαι

go down: aor inf act (attic epic doric)

κατέρχομαι

go down: aor inf act (attic epic doric)

κατελθεῖν s. κατέρχομαι.

κατέρχομαι, [tense] fut.

A

κατελεύσομαι Od.1.303

, Hdt.5.125, Arr.An.6.12.3 (but in good [dialect] Att. κάτειμι, as also κατῄειν is always used for the [tense] impf.): [tense] aor. κατήλῠθον or κατῆλθον, inf. κατελθεῖν; [dialect] Dor. subj.

κατένθῃ Berl.Sitzb.1927.165

([place name] Cyrene); Arc. part. κατενθών, [tense] pf. part. κατηνθηκώς, v. καθέρπω 11: [tense] pf.

κατελήλυθα SIG675.24

(ii B.C.):— go down,

Οὐλύμποιο κατήλθομεν Il.20.125

, etc.;

τιν' ἀθανάτων ἐξ οὐρανοῦ ἀστερόεντος.. κατελθέμεν 6.109

; go down to the grave, κ. Ἄϊδος εἴσω, Ἄϊδόσδε, ib. 284, 7.330;

εἰς Ἅιδου E.HF 1101

, etc.: rarely c. acc., τίς.. σκότου πύλας ἔτλη κατελθεῖν; Ar.Fr.149.2 (parod.); from high land to the coast,

ἐπὶ νῆα θοὴν κατελεύσομαι Od.1.303

; from country to town, 11.188; down the Nile,

εἰς Ἀλεξάνδρειαν PLille3.80

(iii B.C.), etc.

2 of things, κατερχομένης ὑπὸ πέτρης by the descending rock, Od.9.484, 541; of a river, κατέρχεται ὁ Νεῖλος πληθύων comes down in flood, Hdt.2.19;

κατελθόντος αἰφνιδίου τοῦ ῥεύματος Th.4.75

.

3 κ. εἰς τὸν ἀγῶνα, Lat. descendere in certamen, S.E.M.7.324.

4 c. acc., come to a place,

ὑμέτερον δῶ Od.24.115

;

ἀφθονία κατελήλυθε τὴν πόλιν Lyd.Mag.3.76

.

5 of property, pass to, PRein.42.28 (i/ii A.D.), POxy.1704.5(iii A.D.).

II come back, return, esp. come back from exile, Hdt.4.4, al., A.Ag. 1647, Ch.3, Eu. 462, S.OC 601, Ar.Ra. 1165, 1167, Pl.Ap. 21a, OGI90.20 (Rosetta, ii B.C.), etc.;

φυγὰς κατελθών S.Ant. 200

;

ὃς ἂν κατέλθῃ τήνδε γῆν E.IT39

: in pass. sense, ὑπ' ὀλιγαρχίας κατελθεῖν to be brought back by.., Th.8.68; cf.

κάτειμι 11

,

καθέρπω 11

.

πάλῐν [pron. full] [ᾰ], poet. also [full] πάλι (q.v), Adv.

1 of Place, back, backwards (the usual sense in early [dialect] Ep.), mostly joined with Verbs of going, coming, etc.;

π. χώρει Hdt.5.72

; π. ἐλεύσεται, κατελθεῖν, ἐπανέλθωμεν, A.Pr. 854, S.OC 601, Pl.Cra. 438a, etc.;

κέλευθον ἥνπερ ἦλθες ἐγκόνει π. A.Pr. 962

;

δίκα καὶ πάντα π. στρέφεται E.Med. 412

(lyr.); δεῦρο σωθήσῃ π. Id.Ph. 725, cf. 1400; δόμεναι π. give back, restore, Il.1.116, etc.;

π. ἀποδοῦναι And.2.23

; π. ἀγκαλέσαι to call back, A.Ag. 1021 (lyr.): less freq. c. gen., π. τράπεθ' υἷος ἑοῖο she turned back from her son, Il.18.138;

δόρυ Ἀχιλλῆος π. ἔτραπεν 20.439

, cf. Od.7.143: coupled with other Advbs.,

π. αὖτις ἔβαινον νηὸς ἐπὶ γλαφυρῆς 14.356

, cf. Pi.O.1.65; αὖ π. Od.13.125;

ἂψ π. Il.18.280

;

π. εἶσιν ὀπίσσω Od.11.149

;

π. φέρεσθαι ἐξοπίσω Hes.Th. 181

; ἄψορρον π. S.El.53; π. οἴκαδε, π. οἴκαδ' αὖ, Ar.Lys. 792, Ra. 1486;

π. αὖ Pl.Prt. 318e

, etc.: with the Art.,

ἡ π. ὁδός E.Or. 125

.

2 to express contradiction, π. ἐρέει gainsay, Il.9.56; π. ὅ γε λάζετο μῦθον took back his word, unsaid it, 4.357; opp. ἀληθέα εἰπεῖν, Od.13.254; μηδέ τῳ δόξῃ π. let no one think contrariwise, A.Th. 1045: in Prose, contrariwise, Pl.Grg. 482d;

π. αὖ Id.R. 507b

; αὖ.. π. Id.Ap. 27d: in this sense sts. c. gen., τὸ π. νεότατος youth's opposite, Pi.O.10(11).87; χρόνου τὸ π. the change of time, E.HF 777(lyr.); cf. ἔμπαλιν.

II of Time, again, once more, rare in Hom., Il.2.276, cf. S.OT 1166, X. Mem.1.6.11, etc.: freq. coupled with αὖ, αὖθις (q.v.);

π. ἐξ ἀρχῆς Ar. Pax 997

, etc.; π. καὶ π. Str.17.1.3, Plu.2.565d, Ael.VH1.4; ἔγχει καὶ π. εἰπέ, π. π. Ἡλιοδώρας" AP5.135 (Mel.): both senses (I and II) are appropriate in Od.16.456, Pl.Prt. 322b, etc.

III in turn, S.El. 371, Ar.Ach. 342, Call.Dian.87, etc.;

π. ὁ Κῦρος ἠρώτα X.An. 1.6.7

;

π. ἀπαιτῶ Pl.R. 612d

; again, πρῶτον μέν.. ἔπειτα π. Arist.Pol. 1289b29, etc. (In compos. πάλιν sts. means doubly, as in παλιμμήκης, παλίνσκιος.)

πάροιθε [pron. full] [ᾰ], and before a vowel [suff] πάροιδ-θεν (but sts. elided, as Il.3.162, E.Hec.58): ([etym.] πάρος):

I Prep. c. gen. loci, before, and c. gen. pers., in the presence of, π. μεγάροιο, αὐτοῖο, Od.4.625, Il.1.360, etc.; separated from its case,

π. ἐλθοῦσα, φίλον τέκος, ἵζευ ἐμεῖο 3.162

, cf. 14.427, etc.; after its case, Κορωνήας.. π. Alc.9.

2 of Time, π. ἐμοῦ before me, A.Pr. 503 ; κείνου π. S. Tr. 605.

II Adv.,

1 of Place, before, in front,

οἵ δεύτεροι οἵ τε πάροιθεν Il. 23.498

, cf. 213, 6.319, etc.

2 of Time, formerly, 23.20, 180, Od. 6.174, Pi.O.13.102, A. Ag. 1372 ; before it got so far, Il.4.185 ;

τὸ πάροιθεν Od. 1.322

, 2.312, 18.275 ; οἱ π. men of old, Pi. P. 2.60 ;

τῆς π. ἡμέρας E. Ph. 853

, cf. A. Pers. 180 ; πάροιθεν πρὶν.. ἐκπέμψαι, = Lat. priusquam, S.El. 1131 : also c. inf., = πρίν, π. ἐπὶ νῆα κατελθεῖν Theoc. 17.48 ; cf. παροίτερος, παροίτατος.

ἀποσυν-ίστημι,

A appoint a representative,

τινὰ κατελθεῖν εἰς Ἀλεξάνδρειαν Poxy.1274.9

(iii A. D.):—[voice] Pass., PGen.44.28 (iii A. D.).

2 recommend, introduce one person to another, c. acc. et dat., Phamb.27.1, AB436.

ὑπόσπονδος, ον, ([etym.] σπονδή)

A under a truce or treaty, secured by treaty,

ὑπόσπονδοί τε ἔφασαν εἶναι ἕτοιμοι.. ἐκχωρὴσαι ἐκ τῆς νήσου Hdt.3.144

;

ὑ. ἐξέρχονται ἐκ τῆς χώρης Id.5.72

, cf. 126;

κατελθεῖν ἐπὶ τὰ ἑωυτοῦ ὑ. Id.6.103

, cf. E.Ph.81;

ὑ. ἀφιέναι τοὺς ἀφεστῶτας X.HG1.2.18

, cf. 2.2.1;

τὴν Ταυρικὴν ὑ. λαβών IPE2.423

([place name] Tanais): esp. in phrases of taking up the dead from a field of battle, τοὺς νεκροὺς ὑ. ἀποδοῦναι to allow a truce for taking up the dead, Th.1.63, 6.103, X.HG2.4.19; τοὺς νεκροὺς ὑ. κομίσασθαι, ἀνελέσθαι, etc., to demand a truce for so doing, which was an acknowledgement of defeat, Th. 2.79, 4.44, etc.

βάλλω fut. βαλῶ; 2 aor. ἔβαλον, 3 pl. ἔβαλον Lk 23:34 (Ps 21:19); Ac 16:23 and ἔβαλαν Ac 16:37 (B-D-F §81, 3; Mlt-H. 208); pf. βέβληκα (on this form s. lit. in LfgrE s.v. βάλλω col. 25). Pass.: 1 fut. βληθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἐβλήθην; pf. βέβλημαι; plpf. ἐβεβλήμην (Hom.+) gener. to put someth. into motion by throwing, used from the time of Hom. either with a suggestion of force or in a gentler sense; opp. of ἁμαρτάνω ‘miss the mark’.

① to cause to move from one location to another through use of forceful motion, throw

ⓐ w. simple obj. scatter seed on the ground (Diod S 1, 36, 4; Ps 125:6 v.l. [ARahlfs, Psalmi cum Odis ’31]) Mk 4:26; 1 Cl 24:5; AcPlCor 2:26; in a simile, of the body τὸ σῶμα … βληθέν vs. 27; εἰς κῆπον Lk 13:19; cast lots (Ps 21:19; 1 Ch 25:8 al.; Jos., Ant. 6, 61) Mt 27:35; Mk 15:24; Lk 23:34; J 19:24; B 6:6.

ⓑ throw τινί τι Mt 15:26; Mk 7:27. τὶ ἔμπροσθέν τινος Mt 7:6 (β.= throw something before animals: Aesop, Fab. 275b H./158 P./163 H.). τὶ ἀπό τινος throw someth. away (fr. someone) Mt 5:29f; 18:8f (Teles p. 60, 2 ἀποβάλλω of the eye). τὶ ἔκ τινος: ὕδωρ ἐκ τοῦ στόματος ὀπίσω τινός spew water out of the mouth after someone Rv 12:15f; β. ἔξω = ἐκβάλλειν throw out J 12:31 v.l.; 2 Cl 7:4; s. ἐκβάλλω 1. Of worthless salt Mt 5:13; Lk 14:35; of bad fish throw away Mt 13:48 (cp. Κυπρ. I p. 44 no. 43 κόπρια βάλλειν probably = throw refuse away); τὶ ἐπί τινα: throw stones at somebody J 8:7, 59 (cp. Sir 22:20; 27:25; Jos., Vi. 303); in a vision of the future dust on one’s head Rv 18:19; as an expression of protest τὶ εἴς τι dust into the air Ac 22:23 (D εἰς τ. οὐρανόν toward the sky); cast, throw nets into the lake Mt 4:18; J 21:6; cp. vs. 7; a fishhook Mt 17:27 (cp. Is 19:8). Pass., into the sea, lake Mt 13:47; Mk 9:42; βλήθητι εἰς τὴν θάλασσαν throw yourself into the sea Mt 21:21; Mk 11:23.— Throw into the fire (Jos., Ant. 10, 95 and 215) Mt 3:10; Mk 9:22; Lk 3:9; J 15:6; into Gehenna Mt 5:29; 18:9b; 2 Cl 5:4; into the stove Mt 6:30; 13:42, 50 (cp. Da 3:21); Lk 12:28; 2 Cl 8:2. β. ἑαυτὸν κάτω throw oneself down Mt 4:6; Lk 4:9 (cp. schol. on Apollon. Rhod. 4, 1212–14a εἰς τὸν κρημνὸν ἑαυτὸν ἔβαλε; Jos., Bell. 4, 28).—Rv 8:7f; 12:4, 9 (schol. on Apollon. Rhod. 4, 57; 28 p. 264, 18 of throwing out of heaven ἐκβληθέντα κατελθεῖν εἰς Ἅιδου), 13; 14:19; 18:21; 19:20; 20:3, 10, 14f; thrown into a grave AcPlCor 2:32 (cp. τὰ νεκρούμενα καὶ εἰς γῆν βαλλόμενα Just., A I, 18, 6).—Of physical disability βεβλημένος lying (Jos., Bell. 1, 629) ἐπὶ κλίνης β. Mt 9:2; cp. Mk 7:30. Throw on a sickbed Rv 2:22. Pass. abs. (Conon [I B.C./I A.D.] 26 Fgm. 1, 17 Jac. βαλλομένη θνήσκει) lie on a sickbed (cp. Babrius 103, 4 κάμνων ἐβέβλητο [ἔκειτο L-P.]) Mt 8:6, 14. ἐβέβλητο πρὸς τὸν πυλῶνα he lay before the door Lk 16:20 (ἐβέβλητο as Aesop, Fab. 284 H.; Jos., Ant. 9, 209; Field, Notes 70).—Fig. εἰς ἀθυμίαν β. τινά plunge someone into despondency 1 Cl 46:9.

ⓒ to cause or to let fall down, let fall of a tree dropping its fruit Rv 6:13; throw down 18:21a, to destruction ibid. b.

② to force out of or into a place, throw (away), drive out, expel ἐβλήθη ἔξω he is (the aor. emphasizes the certainty of the result, and is gnomic [B-D-F §333; Rob. 836f; s. Hdb. ad loc.]) thrown away/out, i.e. expelled fr. the fellowship J 15:6. drive out into the desert B 7:8; throw into prison Mt 18:30; Rv 2:10 (Epict. 1, 1, 24; 1, 12, 23; 1, 29, 6 al.; PTebt 567 [53/54 A.D.]). Pass. be thrown into the lions’ den 1 Cl 45:6 (cp. Da 6:25 Theod. v.l.; Bel 31 Theod. v.l.); εἰς τὸ στάδιον AcPl Ha 4, 13. Fig. love drives out fear 1J 4:18.

③ to put or place someth. in a location, put, place, apply, lay, bring

ⓐ w. simple obj. κόπρια β. put manure on, apply m. Lk 13:8 (POxy 934, 9 μὴ οὖν ἀμελήσῃς τοῦ βαλεῖν τὴν κόπρον).

ⓑ w. indication of the place to which τὶ εἴς τι: put money into the temple treasury Mk 12:41–44; Lk 21:1–4 (in the context Mk 12:43f; Lk 21:3f suggest sacrifical offering by the widow); τὰ βαλλόμενα contributions (s. γλωσσόκομον and cp. 2 Ch 24:10) J 12:6; put a finger into an ear when healing Mk 7:33; difft. J 20:25, 27 (exx. from medical lit. in Rydbeck 158f); to determine virginal purity by digital exploration GJs 19:3; put a sword into the scabbard J 18:11; place bits into mouths Js 3:3; εἰς τὴν κολυμβήθραν take into the pool J 5:7; cp. Ox 840, 33f; πολλὰ θηρία εἰς τὸν Παῦλον many animals let loose against Paul AcPl Ha 5, 4f (here β. suggests the rush of the animals); β. εἰς τὴν καρδίαν put into the heart J 13:2 (cp. Od. 1, 201; 14, 269; Pind., O. 13, 16 [21] πολλὰ δʼ ἐν καρδίαις ἔβαλον; schol. on Pind., P. 4, 133; Plut., Timol. 237 [3, 2]; Herm. Wr. 6, 4 θεῷ τῷ εἰς νοῦν μοι βαλόντι). Of liquids: pour (Epict. 4, 13, 12; PLond III, 1177, 46 p. 182 [113 A.D.]; Judg 6:19 B) wine into skins Mt 9:17; Lk 5:37f; water into a basin (TestAbr B 3 p. 107, 18 [Stone p. 62] βάλε ὕδωρ ἐπὶ τῆς λεκάνης ἵνα νίψωμεν τοὺς πόδας τοῦ ξένου [cp. TestAbr A 3 p. 80, 1 [Stone p. 8] ἔνεγκέ μοι ἐπὶ τῆς λ.]; Vi. Aesopi W 61 p. 92, 29f P. βάλε ὕδωρ εἰς τ. λεκάνην καὶ νίψον μου τοὺς πόδας; PGM 4, 224; 7, 319 βαλὼν εἰς αὐτὸ [the basin] ὕδωρ) J 13:5; wormwood in honey Hm 5, 1, 5; ointment on the body Mt 26:12.—βάρος ἐπί τινα put a burden on some one Rv 2:24. δρέπανον ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν swing the sickle on the earth as on a harvest field Rv 14:19. Cp. ἐπʼ αὐτὸν τὰς χείρας J 7:44 v.l. (s. ἐπιβάλλω 1b). Lay down crowns (wreaths) before the throne Rv 4:10.

ⓒ other usage ῥίζας β. send forth roots, take root like a tree, fig. (Polemon, Decl. 2, 54 ὦ ῥίζας ἐξ ἀρετῆς βαλλόμενος) 1 Cl 39:8 (Job 5:3).

④ to bring about a change in state or condition, εἰρήνην, μάχαιραν ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν bring peace, the sword on earth Mt 10:34 (Jos., Ant. 1, 98 ὀργὴν ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν βαλεῖν); χάριν ἐπʼ αὐτήν God showed her (Mary) favor GJs 7:3. τὶ ἐνώπιόν τινος: σκάνδαλον place a stumbling-block Rv 2:14.

⑤ to entrust money to a banker for interest, deposit money (τί τινι as Quint. Smyrn. 12, 250 in a difft. context) w. the bankers (to earn interest; cp. Aristoxenus, Fgm. 59 τὸ βαλλόμενον κέρμα; so also Diog. L. 2, 20) Mt 25:27.

⑥ to move down suddenly and rapidly, rush down, intr. (Hom.; Epict. 2, 20, 10; 4, 10, 29; POslo 45, 2; En 18:6 ὄρη … εἰς νότον βάλλοντα ‘in a southern direction’. Cp. Rdm.² 23; 28f; Rob. 799; JStahl, RhM 66, 1911, 626ff) ἔβαλεν ἄνεμος a storm rushed down Ac 27:14. (s. Warnecke 36 n. 9).—B. 673. Schmidt, Syn. III 150–66. DELG. M-M. TW.

κατέρχομαι 2 aor. κατῆλθον (κατῆλθα Ac 27:5, s. B-D-F §81, 3; W-S. §13, 13; cp. Mlt-H. 208f); pf. inf. κατεληλυθέναι (Tat. 27, 2) (s. ἔρχομαι; Hom.+; also Herm. 10, 25 οὐδεὶς τῶν οὐρανίων θεῶν ἐπὶ γῆν κατελεύσεται).

① to move in a direction considered the opposite of up but not necessarily with suggestion of a gradient, come down w. indication of the place fr. which ἀπό τινος: ἀπὸ τοῦ ὄρους (cp. Jos., Ant. 1, 109) Lk 9:37. ἀπὸ τῆς Ἰουδαίας Ac 15:1; 21:10.—18:5. ἐκεῖθεν GPt 9:36. The place from which is supplied fr. the context 11:44. W. indication of the place fr. which and the goal ἀπό τινος εἴς τι from … to Ac 11:27; 12:19. W. indication of the goal εἴς τι (TestJud 9:8 εἰς Αἴγυπτον; Jos., Ant. 8, 106 θεὸς κ. εἰς τὸ ἱερόν; Just., D. 56, 13 and 15 εἰς Σόδομα) Lk 4:31; Ac 8:5; 13:4; 15:30; 19:1. πρός τινα to someone 9:32. Fig. (cp. Philo, Det. Pot. Ins. 117 ὅταν κατέρχηται [ἡ τῆς θείας σοφίας πηγή]) ἡ σοφία ἄνωθεν κατερχομένη that comes from above i.e. fr. God Js 3:15.

② to arrive at a place, arrive, put in, nautical t.t. of ships and those who sail in them, who ‘come down’ fr. the ‘high seas’ (Eustath. ad Hom. 1408, 29 [Od. 1, 182] κατελθεῖν, οὐ μόνον τὸ ἁπλῶς κάτω που ἐλθεῖν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ ἐς λιμένα ἐλθεῖν, ὥσπερ καὶ καταβῆναι καὶ καταπλεῦσαι κ. καταχθῆναι κ. κατᾶραι, τὸ ἐλλιμενίσαι λέγεται=κ. does not only simply mean ‘to come down somewhere’, but also ‘to come into a port’, just as καταβῆναι etc. are used to refer to ‘putting into port’; 1956, 35 [Od. 24, 115]) εἴς τι at someth. a harbor Ac 18:22; 21:3; 27:5.—M-M.

Ἑρμῆς, οῦ, ὁ Hermes

① the Greek god (SEitrem, Hermes: Pauly-W. VIII 1, 1912, 738–92; LFarnell, The Cults of the Gk. States V, 1909, 1–84; also LfgrE s.v. Ἑρμείας col. 708 (lit.)) Ac 14:12 (s. the lit. on Λύστρα and cp. Ael. Aristid. 46 p. 135 D.: Ἑρμῆν ῥητορικὴν ἔχοντα; 46 p. 398 D. of Demosth., ὸ̔ν ἐγὼ φαίην ἄν Ἑρμοῦ τινος λογίου τύπον εἰς ἀνθρώπους κατελθεῖν; Orph. Hymn. 28, 4 Q: Hermes as λόγου θνητοῖσι προφήτης; Ar. 10:3 λόγων ἑρμηνευτήν; Just., Ath.).

② receiver of a greeting Ro 16:14 (H. as a man’s name [cp. OGI 481, 4; 597, 4; PVindBosw 6, 2 (250 A.D.); 4, 2; Jos., Ant. 14, 245] is either simply the name of the god [HMeyersahm, Deorum nomina hominibus imposita, diss. Kiel 1891; HUsener, Götternamen 1896, 358] or a short form like Ἑρμᾶς [q.v.]; a slave’s name SEG XLI, 1414, 1; CIL 6, 8121; B-D-F §125, 1; Rob. 172).—DELG. M-M.