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21 brush
1. noun1) (an instrument with bristles, wire, hair etc for cleaning, scrubbing etc: a toothbrush; He sells brushes.) kef(k)a2) (an act of brushing.) kefovanie3) (a bushy tail of a fox.) chvost4) (a disagreement: a slight brush with the law.) nepríjemnosť (s)2. verb1) (to rub with a brush: He brushed his jacket.) (vy)kefovať2) (to remove (dust etc) by sweeping with a brush: brush the floor.) zamiesť3) (to make tidy by using a brush: Brush your hair!) vykefovať (si)4) (to touch lightly in passing: The leaves brushed her face.) ľahko sa dotknúť•- brush away
- brush up
- give
- get the brush-off* * *• štetec• štetka• kefa• kefka• kefovat• otriet sa• natriet -
22 brush
1. noun1) (an instrument with bristles, wire, hair etc for cleaning, scrubbing etc: a toothbrush; He sells brushes.) perie2) (an act of brushing.) periere3) (a bushy tail of a fox.) coadă4) (a disagreement: a slight brush with the law.) ciocnire, ceartă (cu)2. verb1) (to rub with a brush: He brushed his jacket.) a peria2) (to remove (dust etc) by sweeping with a brush: brush the floor.) a mătura3) (to make tidy by using a brush: Brush your hair!) a pieptăna4) (to touch lightly in passing: The leaves brushed her face.) a atinge (uşor)•- brush away
- brush up
- give
- get the brush-off -
23 brush
1. noun1) (an instrument with bristles, wire, hair etc for cleaning, scrubbing etc: a toothbrush; He sells brushes.) βούρτσα, πινέλο2) (an act of brushing.) βούρτσισμα3) (a bushy tail of a fox.) φουντωτή ουρά4) (a disagreement: a slight brush with the law.) αψιμαχία2. verb1) (to rub with a brush: He brushed his jacket.) βουρτσίζω2) (to remove (dust etc) by sweeping with a brush: brush the floor.) σκουπίζω3) (to make tidy by using a brush: Brush your hair!) βουρτσίζω4) (to touch lightly in passing: The leaves brushed her face.) αγγίζω ελαφρά•- brush away
- brush up
- give
- get the brush-off -
24 brush
[braʃ]1. nounأداةٌ مَع فُرشاهHe sells brushes.
2) an act of brushing.تَنْظيفٌ بالفُرشاه3) a bushy tail of a fox.ذَنَبُ الثَّعْلَب4) a disagreement:خِلافٌ ، مُناوَشَهa slight brush with the law.
2. verb1) to rub with a brush:يَنْفُضُ الغُبارHe brushed his jacket.
2) to remove (dust etc) by sweeping with a brush:يُنَظَّفُ، يُكَنِّسُ بالفُرشاهbrush the floor.
3) to make tidy by using a brush:يُنَظِّفُ الشَّعْرَ بالفُرشاههBrush your hair!
4) to touch lightly in passing:يُلامِسُ بِنُعومَهThe leaves brushed her face.
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25 brush
1. noun1) (an instrument with bristles, wire, hair etc for cleaning, scrubbing etc: a toothbrush; He sells brushes.) brosse2) (an act of brushing.) brossage3) (a bushy tail of a fox.) queue4) (a disagreement: a slight brush with the law.) ennuis (avec)2. verb1) (to rub with a brush: He brushed his jacket.) brosser2) (to remove (dust etc) by sweeping with a brush: brush the floor.) balayer3) (to make tidy by using a brush: Brush your hair!) brosser4) (to touch lightly in passing: The leaves brushed her face.) frôler•- brush away - brush up - give - get the brush-off -
26 brush
1. noun1) (an instrument with bristles, wire, hair etc for cleaning, scrubbing etc: a toothbrush; He sells brushes.) escova2) (an act of brushing.) escovadela3) (a bushy tail of a fox.) cauda peluda4) (a disagreement: a slight brush with the law.) atrito, altercação2. verb1) (to rub with a brush: He brushed his jacket.) escovar2) (to remove (dust etc) by sweeping with a brush: brush the floor.) varrer3) (to make tidy by using a brush: Brush your hair!) escovar4) (to touch lightly in passing: The leaves brushed her face.) roçar•- brush away - brush up - give - get the brush-off -
27 Tesla, Nikola
SUBJECT AREA: Electricity[br]b. 9 July 1856 Smiljan, Croatiad. 7 January 1943 New York, USA[br]Serbian (naturalized American) engineer and inventor of polyphase electrical power systems.[br]While at the technical institute in Graz, Austria, Tesla's attention was drawn to the desirability of constructing a motor without a commutator. He considered the sparking between the commutator and brushes of the Gramme machine when run as a motor a serious defect. In 1881 he went to Budapest to work on the telegraph system and while there conceived the principle of the rotating magnetic field, upon which all polyphase induction motors are based. In 1882 Tesla moved to Paris and joined the Continental Edison Company. After building a prototype of his motor he emigrated to the United States in 1884, becoming an American citizen in 1889. He left Edison and founded an independent concern, the Tesla Electric Company, to develop his inventions.The importance of Tesla's first patents, granted in 1888 for alternating-current machines, cannot be over-emphasized. They covered a complete polyphase system including an alternator and induction motor. Other patents included the polyphase transformer, synchronous motor and the star connection of three-phase machines. These were to become the basis of the whole of the modern electric power industry. The Westinghouse company purchased the patents and marketed Tesla motors, obtaining in 1893 the contract for the Niagara Falls two-phase alternators driven by 5,000 hp (3,700 kW) water turbines.After a short period with Westinghouse, Tesla resigned to continue his research into high-frequency and high-voltage phenomena using the Tesla coil, an air-cored transformer. He lectured in America and Europe on his high-frequency devices, enjoying a considerable international reputation. The name "tesla" has been given to the SI unit of magnetic-flux density. The induction motor became one of the greatest advances in the industrial application of electricity. A claim for priority of invention of the induction motor was made by protagonists of Galileo Ferraris (1847–1897), whose discovery of rotating magnetic fields produced by alternating currents was made independently of Tesla's. Ferraris demonstrated the phenomenon but neglected its exploitation to produce a practical motor. Tesla himself failed to reap more than a small return on his work and later became more interested in scientific achievement than commercial success, with his patents being infringed on a wide scale.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsAmerican Institute of Electrical Engineers Edison Medal 1917. Tesla received doctorates from fourteen universities.Bibliography1 May 1888, American patent no. 381,968 (initial patent for the three-phase induction motor).1956, Nikola Tesla, 1856–1943, Lectures, Patents, Articles, ed. L.I.Anderson, Belgrade (selected works, in English).1977, My Inventions, repub. Zagreb (autobiography).Further ReadingM.Cheney, 1981, Tesla: Man Out of Time, New Jersey (a full biography). C.Mackechnie Jarvis, 1969, in IEE Electronics and Power 15:436–40 (a brief treatment).T.C.Martin, 1894, The Inventions, Researches and Writings of Nikola Tesla, New York (covers his early work on polyphase systems).GW -
28 Thomson, Elihu
SUBJECT AREA: Electricity[br]b. 29 March 1853 Manchester, Englandd. 13 March 1937 Swampscott, Massachusetts, USA[br]English (naturalized) American electrical engineer and inventor.[br]Thomson accompanied his parents to Philadelphia in 1858; he received his education at the Central High School there, and afterwards remained as a teacher of chemistry. At this time he constructed several dynamos after studying their design, and was invited by the Franklin Institute to give lectures on the subject. After observing an arc-lighting system operating commercially in Paris in 1878, he collaborated with Edwin J. Houston, a senior colleague at the Central High School, in working out the details of such a system. An automatic regulating device was designed which, by altering the position of the brushes on the dynamo commutator, maintained a constant current irrespective of the number of lamps in use. To overcome the problem of commutation at the high voltages necessary to operate up to forty arc lamps in a series circuit, Thomson contrived a centrifugal blower which suppressed sparking. The resulting system was efficient and reliable with low operating costs. Thomson's invention of the motor meter in 1882 was the first of many such instruments for the measurement of electrical energy. In 1886 he invented electric resistance welding using low-voltage alternating current derived from a transformer of his own design. Thomson's work is recorded in his technical papers and in the 700plus patents granted for his inventions.The American Electric Company, founded to exploit the Thomson patents, later became the Thomson-Houston Company, which was destined to be a leader in the electrical manufacturing industry. They entered the field of electric power in 1887, supplying railway equipment and becoming a major innovator of electric railways. Thomson-Houston and Edison General Electric were consolidated to form General Electric in 1892. Thomson remained associated with this company throughout his career.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsChevalier and Officier de la Légion d'honneur 1889. American Academy of Arts and Sciences Rumford Medal 1901. American Institute of Electrical Engineers Edison Medal 1909. Royal Society Hughes Medal 1916. Institution of Electrical Engineers Kelvin Medal 1923, Faraday Medal 1927.Bibliography1934, "Some highlights of electrical history", Electrical Engineering 53:758–67 (autobiography).Further ReadingD.O.Woodbury, 1944, Beloved Scientist, New York (a full biography). H.C.Passer, 1953, The Electrical Manufacturers: 1875–1900, Cambridge, Mass, (describes Thomson's industrial contribution).K.T.Compton, 1940, Biographical Memoirs of Elihu Thomson, Washington, DCovides an abridged list of Thomson's papers and patents).GW -
29 مجموعة
مَجْمُوعَة \ body: a group of people, united in some way: a small body of helpers.. bunch: a group of things of the same kind, growing or placed together: a bunch of keys. category: a group or division in which each member is like the rest in a certain way; a kind or sort: Fishing may be placed in the category of sport, or in that of earning a living, according to its purpose. cluster: a group of people gathered close together. collection: things collected: His friend has a collection of ancient coins. crew: a group of people working together, doing certain jobs: a repair crew. group: a number of people or things, gathered together or considered together: They stood in a group under the tree. He controls a group of companies. set: a group of things that look like one another or are used together: a coffee set (coffee pot and cups, etc., of the same pattern); a set of rules. \ See Also جمهور (جُمهور)، طقم (طَقْم) \ مَجْمُوعَة أشياء مُخْتَلِطة \ jumble: a confused mixture: a jumble of sounds. \ مَجْمُوعَة أشياء من صِنف واحِد \ line: a kind or class of goods: We sell a cheap line in brushes. \ مَجْمُوعَة الأَغاني \ repertoire: all the songs or pieces of music that a singer or musician can perform. \ See Also القِطَع المُوسيقيّة \ مَجْمُوعَة أوراق اللَّعب ذات النَّقْش الوَاحِد \ suit: one of the four patterns in a set of playing cards (clubs, diamonds, hearts, spades). \ مَجْمُوعَة دَرَج \ flight: a set of stairs: His room was up three flights of stairs. step: pl. usu. outside a building, compared with stairs in a building) a set of these: He ran down the steps into the street. \ مَجْمُوعَة رموز سِرّيّة \ code: a special way of using words, letters, numbers, etc. instead of writing, to keep messages secret. \ مَجْمُوعَة سَكَنِيّة متكامِلة \ housing estate: a large group of houses that are built together at one time, often with their own shops, like a small new town. \ مَجْمُوعَة قوانين \ code: a special collection of laws, rules, or customs: an established code of behaviour; Christianity’s moral code. \ مَجْمُوعَة كاملة من وَرَق اللّعب \ pack: a set of playing cards. \ مَجْمُوعَة متجانِسَة \ colony: a group of people or animals of the same kind, living together: a colony of artists; a colony of ants; a colony of Americans in Rome. \ مَجْمُوعَة متجانِسة من الطّلاب يدرسون مَعًا (في المدارس) \ stream: (in schools) a division of children of the same age according to their ability. \ مَجْمُوعَة مُتَرابِطَة \ complex: sth. (esp. a building) made up of many different but related parts: a factory complex. \ مَجْمُوعَة المُفردات ومعانِيها (في آخر كتاب) \ vocabulary: a list of words with their meanings (at the end of a school book; in a student’s notebook). \ مَجْمُوعَة مَقالات \ omnibus: a large book that contains various works of one writer (or of several writers, on related subjects): an omnibus of murder stories. \ مَجْمُوعَة من ورق الرسائِل \ pad: a block of writing-paper, in which the sheets are stuck together at one end. \ مَجْمُوعَة مُنَوّعَة \ assortment: an assorted collection: Our new shop has a large assortment of kitchen goods. choice: a variety from which to choose: The shop had a good choice of shoes. range: a variety (between limits that may not be stated): a wide range of colours (from light yellow to dark brown). \ مَجْمُوعَة نجوم ثابِتَة \ constellation: a group of fixed stars, often with a name, such as the Great Bear.
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