-
1 joint
[dʒɔɪnt] 1. n ( TECH)złącze nt, spoina f; ( ANAT) staw m; ( BRIT, CULIN) sztuka f mięsa; ( inf) ( place) lokal m; ( of cannabis) skręt m (inf)2. adj* * *[‹oint] 1. noun1) (the place where two or more things join: The plumber tightened up all the joints in the pipes.) złącze2) (a part of the body where two bones meet but are able to move in the manner of eg a hinge: The shoulders, elbows, wrists, hips, knees and ankles are joints.) staw3) (a piece of meat for cooking containing a bone: A leg of mutton is a fairly large joint.) udziec2. adjective1) (united; done together: the joint efforts of the whole team.) połączony2) (shared by, or belonging to, two or more: She and her husband have a joint bank account.) wspólny3. verb(to divide (an animal etc for cooking) at the, or into, joints: Joint the chicken before cooking it.) rozebrać- jointed- jointly
- out of joint See also:- join -
2 clash
[klæʃ] 1. n(fight, disagreement) starcie nt; (of beliefs, cultures, styles) zderzenie nt; (of events, appointments) nałożenie się nt; ( of weapons) szczęk m; ( of cymbals) brzęk m2. vigangs, political opponents ścierać się (zetrzeć się perf); beliefs kolidować (ze sobą); colours, styles kłócić się (ze sobą); two events, appointments kolidować, nakładać się (nałożyć się perf) (na siebie); weapons szczękać (zaszczękać perf); cymbals brzękać (brzęknąć perf)* * *[klæʃ] 1. noun1) (a loud noise, like eg swords striking together: the clash of metal on metal.) szczęk2) (a serious disagreement or difference: a clash of personalities.) konflikt3) (a battle: a clash between opposing armies.) starcie4) ((of two or more things) an act of interfering with each other because of happening at the same time: a clash between classes.) kolizja2. verb1) (to strike together noisily: The cymbals clashed.) dźwięczeć2) (to fight (in battle): The two armies clashed at the mouth of the valley.) ścierać się3) (to disagree violently: They clashed over wages.) kłócić się4) (to interfere (with something or each other) because of happening at the same time: The two lectures clash.) kolidować5) ((of colours) to appear unpleasant when placed together: The (colour of the) jacket clashes with the (colour of the) skirt.) gryźć się, kłócić się -
3 but
[bʌt] 1. conj1) (yet, however) ale, lecz (fml)I'd love to come, but I'm busy — bardzo chciałabym przyjść, ale jestem zajęta
I'm sorry, but I don't agree — przykro mi, lecz nie zgadzam się
2) (showing disagreement, surprise etc) ależ2. prep(apart from, except)3. advI'll do anything but that — zrobię wszystko, tylko nie to
* * *1. conjunction(used to show a contrast between two or more things: John was there, but Peter was not.) ale2. preposition(except (for): no-one but me; the next road but one.) z wyjątkiem, oprócz -
4 sum
[sʌm] 1. n( calculation) obliczenie nt; ( result of addition) suma f; ( amount) suma f, kwota f2. vtPhrasal Verbs:- sum up* * *1) (the amount or total made by two or more things or numbers added together: The sum of 12, 24, 7 and 11 is 54.) suma2) (a quantity of money: It will cost an enormous sum to repair the swimming pool.) ilość pieniędzy, suma3) (a problem in arithmetic: My children are better at sums than I am.) słupek•- sum up -
5 fork
[fɔːk] 1. n( for eating) widelec m; ( for gardening) widły pl; (in road, river) rozwidlenie nt2. viroad rozwidlać sięPhrasal Verbs:- fork out* * *[fo:k] 1. noun1) (an instrument with two or more pointed pieces for piercing and lifting things: We usually eat with a knife, fork and spoon.) widelec, widły2) (the point at which a road, river etc divides into two or more branches or divisions: a fork in the river.) rozwidlenie3) (one of the branches or divisions of a road, river etc into which the road, river etc divides: Take the left fork (of the road).) odnoga2. verb1) ((of a road, river etc) to divide into (usually two) branches or divisions: The main road forks here.) rozwidlać się2) ((of a person or vehicle) to follow one of the branches or divisions into which a road has divided: The car forked left.) skręcić odnogę3) (to lift or move with a fork: The farmer forked the hay.) przerzucać widłami•- forked- fork-lift truck
- fork out -
6 alternative
[ɔl'təːnətɪv] 1. adj 2. n* * *[o:l'tə:nətiv] 1. adjective(offering a choice of a second possibility: An alternative arrangement can be made if my plans don't suit you.) alternatywny2. noun(a choice between two (or sometimes more) things or possibilities: You leave me no alternative but to dismiss you; I don't like fish. Is there an alternative on the menu?) alternatywa, inna możliwość -
7 heat
[hiːt] 1. n( warmth) gorąco nt, ciepło nt; ( temperature) ciepło nt, temperatura f; ( weather) upał m; ( excitement) gorączka f; (also: qualifying heat) wyścig m eliminacyjny2. vtPhrasal Verbs:- heat up* * *[hi:t] 1. noun1) (the amount of hotness (of something), especially of things which are very hot: Test the heat of the water before you bath the baby.) temperatura2) (the warmth from something which is hot: The heat from the fire will dry your coat; the effect of heat on metal; the heat of the sun.) żar3) (the hottest time: the heat of the day.) skwar4) (anger or excitement: He didn't mean to be rude - he just said that in the heat of the moment.) uniesienie, zdenerwowanie5) (in a sports competition etc, one of two or more contests from which the winners go on to take part in later stages of the competition: Having won his heat he is going through to the final.) eliminacja2. verb((sometimes with up) to make or become hot or warm: We'll heat (up) the soup; The day heats up quickly once the sun has risen.) (pod)grzać- heated- heatedly
- heatedness
- heater
- heating
- heat wave
- in/on heat See also:- hot -
8 interact
[ɪntər'ækt]vito interact (with sb) — ( co-operate) współdziałać (z kimś)
* * *[intər'ækt]((of two or more people, things etc) to act, or have some effect, on each other.) oddziaływać na siebie wzajemnie- interactive -
9 most
[məust] 1. adj1) people, things większość f ( +gen)2) interest, money etc najwięcej +gen2. pron3. advmost of it/them — większość (tego)/z nich
(+verb) spend, eat, work etc najwięcej; (+adjective)the most expensive — najbardziej kosztowny, najkosztowniejszy; (+adverb) (carefully, easily etc) najbardziej; ( very) polite, interesting etc wysoce, wielce
* * *[məust] 1. superlative of many, much (often with the) - adjective1) ((the) greatest number or quantity of: Which of the students has read the most books?; Reading is what gives me most enjoyment.) najwięcej2) (the majority or greater part of: Most children like playing games; Most modern music is difficult to understand.) większość2. adverb1) (used to form the superlative of many adjectives and adverbs, especially those of more than two syllables: Of all the women I know, she's the most beautiful; the most delicious cake I've ever tasted; We see her mother or father sometimes, but we see her grandmother most frequently.) naj2) (to the greatest degree or extent: They like sweets and biscuits but they like ice-cream most of all.) bardzo, wyjątkowo3) (very or extremely: I'm most grateful to you for everything you've done; a most annoying child.) najbardziej4) ((American) almost: Most everyone I know has read that book.) prawie3. pronoun1) (the greatest number or quantity: I ate two cakes, but Mary ate more, and John ate (the) most.) najwięcej2) (the greatest part; the majority: He'll be at home for most of the day; Most of these students speak English; Everyone is leaving - most have gone already.) większość•- mostly- at the most
- at most
- for the most part
- make the most of something
- make the most of -
10 which
[wɪtʃ] 1. adj1) który2)the train may be late, in which case don't wait up — pociąg może się spóźnić. W takim wypadku nie czekaj na mnie
2. pronwe got there at 8 pm, by which time the cinema was full — dotarliśmy tam o ósmej. Do tego czasu kino było już pełne
1) ( interrogative) który2) ( relative) ( referring to preceding noun) który; ( referring to preceding clause) cothe chair on which you are sitting — krzesło, na którym siedzisz
she said I was late, which was true — powiedziała, że się spóźniłem, co było prawdą
* * *[wi ] 1. adjective, pronoun(used in questions etc when asking someone to point out, state etc one or more persons, things etc from a particular known group: Which (colour) do you like best?; Which route will you travel by?; At which station should I change trains?; Which of the two girls do you like better?; Tell me which books you would like; Let me know which train you'll be arriving on; I can't decide which to choose.) który2. relative pronoun((used to refer to a thing or things mentioned previously to distinguish it or them from others: able to be replaced by that except after a preposition: able to be omitted except after a preposition or when the subject of a clause) (the) one(s) that: This is the book which/that was on the table; This is the book (which/that) you wanted; A scalpel is a type of knife which/that is used by surgeons; The chair (which/that) you are sitting on is broken; The documents for which they were searching have been recovered.) który3. relative adjective, relative pronoun(used, after a comma, to introduce a further comment on something: My new car, which I paid several thousand pounds for, is not running well; He said he could speak Russian, which was untrue; My father may have to go into hospital, in which case he won't be going on holiday.) który, co- which is which? - which is which -
11 far
[fɑː(r)] 1. adj 2. adv( a long way) daleko; (much, greatly) w dużym stopniufar from speeding up, the car stopped — zamiast przyspieszyć, samochód zatrzymał się
as far as possible — na tyle, na ile (to) możliwe, w miarę możliwości
far be it from me to criticise — daleki jestem od tego, by krytykować
so far — (jak) dotąd or do tej pory, dotychczas
the far left/right ( POL) — skrajna lewica/prawica
* * *1. adverb1) (indicating distance, progress etc: How far is it from here to his house?) daleko2) (at or to a long way away: She went far away/off.) hen, daleko3) (very much: She was a far better swimmer than her friend (was).) dużo2. adjective1) (distant; a long way away: a far country.) daleki2) (more distant (usually of two things): He lives on the far side of the lake.) drugi, tamten•- farther- farthest
- faraway
- far-fetched
- as far as
- by far
- far and away
- far from
- so far -
12 intermediate
[ɪntə'miːdɪət]adj* * *[intə'mi:diət](in the middle; placed between two things, stages etc: An intermediate English course is more advanced than a beginners' course, but not as difficult as an advanced course.) pośredni -
13 realistic
[rɪə'lɪstɪk]adj* * *1) (showing things as they really are: a realistic painting.) realistyczny2) (taking a sensible, practical view of life: I'd like to think we'd sell five of these a day, but it would be more realistic to say two.) realistyczny -
14 set
[sɛt] 1. n( of problems) zespół m; (of saucepans, books) komplet m; ( of people) grupa f; (also: radio set) radio nt, odbiornik m radiowy; (also: TV set) telewizor m, odbiornik m telewizyjny; (TENNIS) set m; ( MATH) zbiór m; (FILM) plan m; ( THEAT) dekoracje pl; ( of hair) ułożenie nt, modelowanie nt2. adj 3. vt; pt, pp setplace, stage przygotowywać (przygotować perf); time, rules ustalać (ustalić perf); record ustanawiać (ustanowić perf); alarm, watch nastawiać (nastawić perf); task, exercise zadawać (zadać perf); exam układać (ułożyć perf); ( TYP) składać (złożyć perf)4. vi; pt, pp setsun zachodzić (zajść perf); jelly, concrete tężeć (stężeć perf); glue wysychać (wyschnąć perf); bone zrastać się (zrosnąć się perf)to set the table — nakrywać (nakryć perf) do stołu
to set sth to music — komponować (skomponować perf) muzykę do czegoś
to set free — uwalniać (uwolnić perf), zwalniać (zwolnić perf)
to set sail — podnosić (podnieść perf) żagle
Phrasal Verbs:- set back- set in- set off- set out- set up* * *[set] 1. present participle - setting; verb1) (to put or place: She set the tray down on the table.) kłaść2) (to put plates, knives, forks etc on (a table) for a meal: Please would you set the table for me?) nakrywać do3) (to settle or arrange (a date, limit, price etc): It's difficult to set a price on a book when you don't know its value.) ustalać, określać4) (to give a person (a task etc) to do: The witch set the prince three tasks; The teacher set a test for her pupils; He should set the others a good example.) dawać5) (to cause to start doing something: His behaviour set people talking.) skłaniać do6) ((of the sun etc) to disappear below the horizon: It gets cooler when the sun sets.) zachodzić7) (to become firm or solid: Has the concrete set?) zastygnąć, wiązać8) (to adjust (eg a clock or its alarm) so that it is ready to perform its function: He set the alarm for 7.00 a.m.) nastawić9) (to arrange (hair) in waves or curls.) ułożyć10) (to fix in the surface of something, eg jewels in a ring.) osadzić11) (to put (broken bones) into the correct position for healing: They set his broken arm.) nastawić, złożyć2. adjective1) (fixed or arranged previously: There is a set procedure for doing this.) ustalony, stały2) ((often with on) ready, intending or determined (to do something): He is set on going.) gotowy, zdeterminowany3) (deliberate: He had the set intention of hurting her.) rozmyślny, postanowiony4) (stiff; fixed: He had a set smile on his face.) nieruchomy5) (not changing or developing: set ideas.) stały, ustalony6) ((with with) having something set in it: a gold ring set with diamonds.) wysadzony3. noun1) (a group of things used or belonging together: a set of carving tools; a complete set of (the novels of) Jane Austen.) zestaw, komplet2) (an apparatus for receiving radio or television signals: a television/radio set.) odbiornik3) (a group of people: the musical set.) zespół4) (the process of setting hair: a shampoo and set.) ułożenie5) (scenery for a play or film: There was a very impressive set in the final act.) dekoracje, plan6) (a group of six or more games in tennis: She won the first set and lost the next two.) set•- setting- setback
- set phrase
- set-square
- setting-lotion
- set-to
- set-up
- all set
- set about
- set someone against someone
- set against someone
- set someone against
- set against
- set aside
- set back
- set down
- set in
- set off
- set something or someone on someone
- set on someone
- set something or someone on
- set on
- set out
- set to
- set up
- set up camp
- set up house
- set up shop
- set upon
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