(the+eternal+city)

1 poor (necesitado).

más pobre que las ratas (informal) as poor as a church mouse

2 poor (desdichado).

¡pobre hombre! poor man!

¡pobre de mí! poor me!

pobre de aquél que se atreva a comerse mi ración woe betide anyone who dares to eat my portion

3 poor (mediocre, defectuoso).

4 poor (escaso).

una dieta pobre en proteínas a diet with a low protein content

esta región es pobre en recursos naturales this region lacks natural resources

1 poor person (sin dinero, infeliz).

los pobres the poor, poor people

¡el pobre! poor thing!

la pobre está siempre luchando por dar de comer a sus hijos the poor woman is forever struggling to keep her children fed

2 beggar (mendigo).

* * *

► adjetivo

1 (gen) poor

2 (infeliz) poor

■ ¡ojalá estuviera aquí tu pobre padre! if only your dear father were here now!

■ pobre de ti si te acercas a ella otra vez don't go near her again or you'll be sorry

■ ¡ay, pobre de mí, que vieja estoy ya! poor old me, I'm getting old!

► nombre masulino o femenino

1 (con poco dinero) poor person; (mendigo) beggar

■ siempre les da dinero a los pobres she always gives money to the poor

2 (infeliz) poor thing

■ la pobre se cree que le van a devolver el dinero the poor thing thinks she is going to get her money back

\

no salir de pobres familiar to be condemned to eternal poverty

* * *

1) poor

2) weak

* * *

1. ADJ

1) [persona, familia, barrio] poor

2) (=escaso) poor

3) [indicando compasión] poor

2. SMF

1) (=necesitado) poor person; (=mendigo) beggar

2) [indicando compasión] poor thing

* * *

1)

a) <persona/barrio/nación> poor; < vestimenta> poor, shabby

b) ( escaso) < vocabulario> poor, limited

c) ( mediocre) <examen/trabajo/actuación> poor; < salud> poor, bad

d) < tierra> poor

2) (delante del n) ( digno de compasión) poor

•

- pobre diablo

masculino y femenino

1) ( necesitado) poor person, pauper (arch)

2) ( expresando compasión) poor thing

•

- pobre de espíritu

* * *

= poor [poorer -comp., poorest -sup.], weak [weaker -comp., weakest -sup.], denuded, penurious, impoverished, impecunious, down-and-out, destitute, pauper.

Ex. Examples are generally poor or obscure (often in Latin or German).

Ex. Problems arise from weak or outmoded structuring of subjects in the schedules of DC.

Ex. Which is a more effective location is a question that can be explored, but we do need to avoid the situation faced by other in situations developed in past ages, like the Church of England, whose physical plant (the church buildings) is over-provided for the denuded rural areas and under-provided for the city.

Ex. The article is entitled 'Periodicals: proliferation, pricing and the penurious librarian'.

Ex. Many books contain inaccuracies and generalisations about Africa, perpetuating stereotypes e.g. that of the malnourished, impoverished African.

Ex. Despite its impecunious state and lack of a home until 1928, the UK Library Association remained confident about the future of libraries and librarianship.

Ex. The story is based on an overheard conversation between a well-meaning librarian and a down-and-out old man seeking validation for his unpublished poetry.

Ex. The clarity of his drawings contrasts sharply with the total alienation in which he lived as a destitute mental patient with a diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia.

Ex. Gavarni's illustrations of waifs, paupers, and beggars were later published separately, with captions added by the artist.

----

* aprendizaje pobre en inteligencia = knowledge-sparse learning.

* asilo de pobres = almshouse.

* barrio de los pobres = lower town.

* barrios pobres del centro de la ciudad = inner city.

* estilo pobre = impoverished style.

* excusa muy pobre = lame excuse.

* los más pobres + Nombre = the poorest + Nombre.

* pariente pobre = poor relation.

* pobre en información = info-poor.

* pobre en recursos = resource-poor.

* pobre hombre = poor fellow.

* pobres = have-nots.

* pobres en información = information have-nots.

* pobres en información, los = information-poor, the.

* pobres en tecnología, los = technical poor, the.

* pobres, los = poor, the.

* pobre verbalmente = verbally impoverished.

* pretexto muy pobre = lame excuse.

* ricos y los pobres, los = haves and the have-nots, the.

* * *

1)

a) <persona/barrio/nación> poor; < vestimenta> poor, shabby

b) ( escaso) < vocabulario> poor, limited

c) ( mediocre) <examen/trabajo/actuación> poor; < salud> poor, bad

d) < tierra> poor

2) (delante del n) ( digno de compasión) poor

•

- pobre diablo

masculino y femenino

1) ( necesitado) poor person, pauper (arch)

2) ( expresando compasión) poor thing

•

- pobre de espíritu

* * *

* * *

1 ‹persona/barrio/vivienda› poor; ‹vestimenta› poor, shabby; ‹nación› poor

somos muy pobres we are very poor

los sectores más pobres de la población the poorest o the most deprived sectors of the population

2 (escaso) poor, limited

tiene un vocabulario muy pobre she has a very poor o limited vocabulary

aguas pobres en minerales water with a low mineral content

3 (mediocre) ‹examen/trabajo› poor; ‹salud› poor, bad

indica una comprensión pobre de la obra it shows a poor understanding of the work

un argumento bastante pobre a rather weak argument

su actuación en el festival fue bastante pobre his performance at the festival was fairly mediocre o rather poor

¡qué chiste más pobre! what a pathetic o terrible joke! ( colloq)

4 ‹tierra› poor

B ( delante del n) (digno de compasión) poor

tu pobre padre your poor father

pobrecito, tiene hambre poor little thing, he's hungry

se está quedando ciego, pobrecillo he's going blind, poor thing o poor man o poor devil

¡pobre de mí! poor (old) me!

¡pobre de ti si vuelves a tocarlo! if you touch it again, you'll be for it!, I wouldn't like to be in your shoes if you touch it again

un pobre desgraciado a poor devil

(infeliz) poor devil; (necesitado) poor soul

A (necesitado) poor person, pauper ( arch)

los pobres the poor

se le acercó un pobre pidiendo limosna a poor beggar came up to her asking for money

sacar de pobre ( fam); to make … rich

salir de pobre ( fam); to get somewhere in the world

nunca saldrás de pobre con ese hombre you'll never get rich o get on o get anywhere with him ( colloq)

B (expresando compasión) poor thing

la pobre está siempre sola the poor thing's always on her own

el pobre se está quedando sordo the poor thing o the poor man o the poor devil is going deaf

la pobre de la abuela está muy enferma poor grandmother's very ill

( Bib):

los pobres de espíritu the poor in spirit

* * *

a) ‹persona/barrio/nación› poor;

b) ( escaso) ‹ vocabulario› poor, limited;

◊ aguas pobres en minerales water with a low mineral content

c) ( mediocre) ‹examen/trabajo/actuación› poor;

d) ‹ tierra› poor

◊ pobre animal poor animal;

◊ los pobres the poor

* * *

♦ adj

1. [necesitado] poor;

un país pobre a poor country;

más pobre que las ratas as poor as a church mouse

2. [desdichado] poor;

el pobre bebé estaba llamando a su mamá the poor little baby was calling for its mother;

¡pobre hombre! poor man!;

¡pobre de mí! poor me!;

pobre de aquél que se atreva a comerse mi ración woe betide anyone who dares to eat my portion;

pobre de ti como te dejes engañar por sus encantos God help you if you fall for her charms

3. [mediocre, defectuoso] poor;

utilizó un razonamiento muy pobre the arguments she gave were very weak o poor

4. [escaso] poor;

utiliza un léxico muy pobre she has a very poor vocabulary;

una dieta pobre en proteínas a diet lacking in protein;

esta región es pobre en recursos naturales this region lacks natural resources

5. [poco fértil] poor

♦ nmf

1. [sin dinero] poor person;

los pobres the poor, poor people

2. [infeliz]

la pobre está siempre luchando por dar de comer a sus hijos the poor woman is forever struggling to keep her children fed;

el pobre no consigue aprobar el examen the poor thing just can't seem to pass the exam

3. [mendigo] beggar

* * *

I adj económicamente, en calidad poor;

pobre hombre poor man;

¡pobre de mí! poor me!

II m/f poor person;

los pobres the poor

* * *

pobre adj

1) : poor, impoverished

2) : unfortunate

¡pobre de mí!: poor me!

3) : weak, deficient

una dieta pobre: a poor diet

pobre nmf

: poor person

los pobres: the poor

¡pobre!: poor thing!

* * *

pobre¹ adj poor

pobre² n

1. (persona sin dinero) poor man [pl. men] / poor woman [pl. women]

2. (desgraciado) poor thing

λόγος, ου, ὁ (verbal noun of λέγω in the sense ‘pick’; Hom.+).

① a communication whereby the mind finds expression, word

ⓐ of utterance, chiefly oral.

α. as expression, word (oratorical ability plus exceptional performance were distinguishing marks in Hellenic society, hence the frequent association of λ. and ἔργον ‘deed’; a sim. formulation as early as Il. 9, 443 μύθων τε ῥητῆρʼ ἔμεναι πρηκτῆρά τε ἔργων; Polystrat. p. 33 μὴ λόγῳ μόνον ἀλλʼ ἔργω; Just., A II, 4, 2 ἢ λόγῳ ἢ ἔργῳ and D. 35, 7 λόγον ἢ πρᾶξιν) δυνατὸς ἐν ἔργῳ κ. λόγῳ, i.e. an exceptional personage Lk 24:19; pl. of Moses Ac 7:22 (the contrast expressed w. a verb Choix 20, 6–8 ποιεῖ ἀγαθὸν ὄτι δύναται καὶ λόγῳ καὶ ἔργῳ of Apollordorus, a benefactor in Cyzicus, a flourishing city in Phrygia; sim. New Docs 7, 233, no. 10, 8f πολιτευόμενος … λόγῳ καὶ ἔργῳ; cp. IKourion 32, 8; without contrast Diod S 13, 101, 3 ἄνδρας λόγῳ δυνατούς; for sim. constructions using λέγω and πράσσω s. Danker, Benefactor 339–43). Cp. Ro 15:18; 2 Cor 10:11; Col 3:17; 2 Th 2:17; Hb 13:21 v.l.; 1J 3:18 (cp. Theognis 1, 87f Diehl³ μή μʼ ἔπεσιν μὲν στέργε κτλ.—For the contrast λόγῳ … ἀληθείᾳ cp. Diod S 13, 4, 1). In contrast to a sinful deed we also have the λόγος ἁμαρτίας sinful word Judaicon 172, 9. W. γνῶσις: ἐν παντὶ λόγῳ κ. πάσῃ γνώσει 1 Cor 1:5. ἰδιώτης τῷ λόγῳ, ἀλλʼ οὐ τῇ γνώσει 2 Cor 11:6. (Opp. δύναμις ‘revelation of power’) 1 Cor 4:19, 20. τὸ εὐαγγέλιον οὐκ ἐγενήθη ἐν λόγῳ μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐν δυνάμει 1 Th 1:5 (cp. Ar. 13, 7 of mythical accounts οὐδέν εἰσιν εἰ μὴ μόνον λόγοι ‘they’re nothing but words’). W. ἐπιστολή: 2 Th 2:2, 15. W. ἀναστροφή: 1 Ti 4:12; 1 Pt 3:1b. Opp. ‘be silent’: IRo 2:1.—μόνον εἰπὲ λόγῳ just say the word Mt 8:8; cp. Lk 7:7 (Ath. 17, 1 ὡς λόγῳ εἰπεῖν; 29, 2; Phalaris, Ep. 121, 1 λόγῳ λέγειν; cp. schol. on Pla. 341a ἐν λόγῳ μόνον εἰπεῖν). οὐδεὶς ἐδύνατο ἀποκριθῆναι αὐτῷ λόγον no one was able to answer him a (single) word Mt 22:46; cp. 15:23 (cp. TestAbr A 16 p. 98, 11 [Stone p. 44] οὐκ ἀπεκρίθη αὐτῷ λόγον).— The (mighty) word (of one who performs miracles) ἐξέβαλεν τὰ πνεύματα λόγῳ Mt 8:16 (a rare use of λ. as ‘single utterance’, s. L-S-J-M s.v. VII).—διὰ λόγου by word of mouth (opp. ‘by letter’) Ac 15:27.—In the textually uncertain pass. Ac 20:24 the text as it stands in N., οὐδενὸς λόγου (v.l. λόγον) ποιοῦμαι τὴν ψυχὴν τιμίαν, may well mean: I do not consider my life worth a single word (cp. λόγου ἄξιον [ἄξιος 1a] and our ‘worth mention’; s. Conzelmann ad loc.).

β. The expression may take on a variety of formulations or topical nuances: what you say Mt 5:37; statement (PGM 4, 334) Lk 20:20; question (Sext. Emp., Math. 8, 295; 9, 133; Diog. L. 2, 116) ἐρωτήσω ὑμᾶς λόγον I will ask you a question (cp. TestJob 36:5; GrBar 5:1; ApcSed 13:6; Jos., Ant. 12, 99) Mt 21:24; cp. Mk 11:29; Lk 20:3; prayer (PGM 1, 25; 4, 90; 179; 230 al.; 5, 180; 196 al.) Mt 26:44; Mk 14:39. ἡγούμενος τοῦ λ. principal speaker Ac 14:12. W. epexeget. gen. λ. παρακλήσεως 13:15. W. κήρυγμα our manner of presentation and our proclamation 1 Cor 2:4a (but s. comm.). (W. διδασκαλία) preaching 1 Ti 5:17; prophecy (Biogr. p. 364 [Pythia]) J 2:22; 18:32. Command (Aeschyl., Pers. 363) Lk 4:36; 2 Pt 3:5, 7; via a letter 2 Th 3:14. Report, story (X., An. 1, 4, 7; Diod S 3, 40, 9; 19, 110, 1 λ. διαδιδόναι=spread a report; Appian, Iber. 80 §346, Maced. 4 §1 [both=rumor]; Diod S 32, 15, 3 ἦλθεν ὁ λ. ἐπί τινα=the report came to someone; Arrian, Anab. 7, 22, 1 λόγος λέγεται τοιόσδε=a story is told like this, Ind. 9, 2; Diod S 3, 18, 3 λ.=story, account; Jos., Ant. 19, 132; Tat. 27, 2 τοῦ καθʼ Ἡρακλέα λόγου) Mt 28:15; Mk 1:45; Lk 5:15 (λ. περί τινος as X., An. 6, 6, 13; Jos., Ant. 19, 127) 7:17; J 21:23. ἠκούσθη ὁ λόγος εἰς τὰ ὦτα τ. ἐκκλησίας the report came to the ears of the assembly in Jerusalem Ac 11:22. λόγον ἔχειν σοφίας have the appearance of wisdom, pass for wisdom Col 2:23 (cp. Pla., Epinomis 987b ἔχει λόγον; Demosth., C. Lept. 462 [20, 18] λόγον τινʼ ἔχον; but mng. 2f is possible). Proverb (Pla., Phdr. 17, 240c, Symp. 18, 195b, Gorg. 54, 499c, Leg. 6, 5, 757a; Socrat., Ep. 22, 1) J 4:37 (Ps.-Callisth. 1, 13, 7 ἀληθῶς ἐν τούτῳ ὁ λ. foll. by a proverb). Proclamation, instruction, teaching, message Lk 4:32; 10:39; J 4:41; 17:20; Ac 2:41; 4:4; 10:44; 20:7; 1 Cor 1:17; 2:1. In Ac18:15 ζητήματα περὶ λόγου καὶ ὀνομάτων καὶ νόμου the sense appears to be someth. like this: controversial issues involving disputes about words and your way of life with λ. prob. referring to the presentation of controversial subjects, which in turn arouses heated ζητήματα debates. λόγος σοφίας proclamation of wisdom, speaking wisely 1 Cor 12:8a (Ps.-Phoc. 129 τῆς θεοπνεύστου σοφίης λ.); corresp. λ. γνώσεως vs. 8b. Cp. 14:9; 15:2; 2 Cor 1:18; 6:7; 10:10. λ. μαρτυρίας word of witness Rv 12:11. ὁ κατὰ τ. διδαχὴν πιστὸς λ. the message of faith, corresponding to the teaching Tit 1:9; the opp. 2 Ti 2:17. A speech (Aristot. p. 14b, 2; Diod S 40, 5a) διὰ λόγου πολλοῦ in a long speech Ac 15:32; cp. 20:2. λ. κολακείας flattering speech 1 Th 2:5. Speaking gener. 2 Cor 8:7; Eph 6:19; Col 4:6; D 2:5. ἐν λόγῳ πταίειν make a mistake in what one says Js 3:2.—Of God’s word, command, commission (LXX; ParJer 5:19 κατηχῆσαι αὐτοὺς τὸν λόγον; SyrBar 13:2; ApcSed 14:10; Just., D. 84, 2; Ael. Aristid. hears a ἱερὸς λ. at night fr. a god: 28, 116 K.=49, p. 529 D.; Sextus 24) ἠκυρώσατε τ. λόγον τοῦ θεοῦ Mt 15:6 (v.l. νόμον, ἐντολήν); cp. Mk 7:13.—J 5:38; 8:55; 10:35; Ro 3:4 (Ps 50:6). Of God’s promise Ro 9:6, 9 (but these two vss., and Gal 5:14 below, prob. fit better under 2a), 28 (Is 10:22f). Cp. Hb 2:2; 4:2 (s. ἀκοή 4b); 7:28; 12:19. For B 15:1 see 1aδ. The whole law (as the expr. εἴ τι ἑτέρα ἐντολή indicates not limited to a narrow list of commandments), acc. to Ro 13:9. In what is prob. a play on words (s. 2a and b), Gal 5:14 (s. 2a below) is summed up in the λόγος as expressed in Lev 19:18.—That which God has created ἁγιάζεται διὰ λόγου θεοῦ 1 Ti 4:5; in line w. the context, this hardly refers to God’s creative word (so SibOr 3, 20; PtK 2; πάντα γὰρ λόγῳ ποιήσας ὁ θεός Theoph. Ant. 2, 18 [144, 8]), but to table prayers which use biblical expressions. The divine word as judge of thoughts Hb 4:12. τελεσθήσονται οἱ λ. τοῦ θεοῦ Ac 17:17; cp. 19:9.—Of the divine revelation through Christ and his messengers (Just., A I, 61, 9 λόγον … παρὰ τῶν ἀποστόλων ἐμάθομεν τοῦτον) θεὸς ἐφανέρωσεν τὸν λ. αὐτοῦ ἐν κηρύγματι Tit 1:3. δέδωκα αὐτοῖς τὸν λ. σου J 17:14; cp. vss. 6, 17; 1J 1:10; 2:14. ἵνα μὴ ὁ λ. τοῦ θεοῦ βλασφημῆται Tit 2:5. The apostles and other preachers, w. ref. to the λόγος of God, are said to: λαλεῖν Ac 4:29, 31; 13:46; Phil 1:14; Hb 13:7; καταγγέλλειν Ac 13:5; 17:13; διδάσκειν 18:11; μαρτυρεῖν Rv 1:2. Of their hearers it is said: τὸν λ. τοῦ θεοῦ ἀκούειν Ac 13:7; δέχεσθαι 8:14; 11:1. Of the λ. τοῦ θεοῦ itself we read: ηὔξανεν Ac 6:7; 12:24; 19:20; οὐ δέδεται 2 Ti 2:9. In these places and many others ὁ λόγος τοῦ θεοῦ is simply the Christian message, the gospel: Lk 5:1; 8:11, 21; 11:28 (Simplicius in Epict. p. 1, 20 μὴ μόνον ἀκουόντων ἀλλὰ πασχόντων καὶ ὑπὸ τῶν λόγων=let the message have its effect on oneself); Ac 6:2 (s. καταλείπω 7c; for prob. commercial metaph. s. 2a below); 13:44 v.l. (for κυρίου); 16:32 v.l.; 1 Cor 14:36; 2 Cor 2:17; 4:2; Col 1:25; 1 Pt 1:23; Rv 1:9; 6:9; 20:4; IPhld 11:1. Cp. 1 Th 2:13ab; 1J 2:5.—Since this ‘divine word’ is brought to humanity through Christ, his word can be used in the same sense: ὁ λόγος μου J 5:24; cp. 8:31, 37, 43, 51f; 12:48; 14:23f; 15:3, 20b; Rv 3:8. ὁ λόγος τοῦ Χριστοῦ Col 3:16; cp. Hb 6:1. ὁ λ. τοῦ κυρίου Ac 8:25; 12:24 v.l.; 13:44, 48f; 14:25 v.l.; 15:35, 36; 16:32 (cp. λ. θεοῦ); 19:10; 1 Th 1:8; 2 Th 3:1. Pl. Mk 8:38 (Lk 9:26); 1 Ti 6:3; cp. Lk 24:44; s. also 1aδ.—Or it is called simply ὁ λόγος=the ‘Word’, for no misunderstanding would be possible among Christians: Mt 13:20–23; Mk 2:2; 4:14–20, 33; 8:32 (s. 1aε below); 16:20; Lk 1:2; 8:12f, 15; Ac 6:4; 8:4; 10:36 (on the syntax s. FNeirynck, ETL 60, ’84, 118–23); 11:19; 14:25 (cp. λ. κυρίου above); 16:6; 17:11; 18:5; Gal 6:6; Phil 1:14; Col 4:3; 1 Th 1:6; 2 Ti 4:2; Js 1:21ff; 1 Pt 2:8; 3:1; 1J 2:7; AcPl Ha 7, 6 (so also Mel., HE 4, 26, 13; Ath. 2, 3).—Somet. the ‘Word’ is more closely defined by a gen.: ὁ λ. τῆς βασιλείας the word of the reign/rule (of God) Mt 13:19. τῆς σωτηρίας Ac 13:26. τῆς καταλλαγῆς 2 Cor 5:19. τοῦ σταυροῦ 1 Cor 1:18. δικαιοσύνης (q.v. 3a) Hb 5:13. ζωῆς Phil 2:16. (τῆς) ἀληθείας (Theoph. Ant. 3, 4 [p. 212, 2]; cp. περὶ ἀληθείας Hippol., Ref. 10, 6, 1) Eph 1:13; Col 1:5; 2 Ti 2:15; Js 1:18; AcPl Ha 8, 8 (Just., D. 121, 2). τῆς χάριτος αὐτοῦ (=τοῦ κυρίου) Ac 14:3; 20:32. (Differently the pl. οἱ λόγοι τ. χάριτος gracious words Lk 4:22; cp. Marcellinus, Vi. Thu. 57 Hude λόγοι εἰρωνείας.) ὁ λ. τοῦ εὐαγγελίου Ac 15:7; ὁ τοῦ Χριστιανισμοῦ λ. MPol 10:1. In Rv 3:10 the gospel is described by the ‘One who has the key of David’ as ὁ λ. τῆς ὑπομονῆς μου my word of endurance (W-S. §30, 12c). λ. τῶν ὑ[πο]μονῶν AcPl Ha 6, 11. παρελάβετε τὸν λ. ὅτι AcPl Ha 8, 25.—The pastoral letters favor the expr. πιστὸς ὁ λόγος (sc. ἐστίν, and s. πιστός 1b) 1 Ti 1:15; 3:1; 4:9; 2 Ti 2:11; Tit 3:8; cp. Rv 21:5; 22:6. λ. ὑγιής sound preaching Tit 2:8; cp. the pl. ὑγιαίνοντες λόγοι 2 Ti 1:13 (on medicinal use of words for the mind or soul s. VLeinieks, The City of Dionysos ’96, 115–22, on Eur.).—The pl. is also used gener. of Christian teachings, the words of the gospel Lk 1:4 (s. κατηχέω 2a); 1 Th 4:18. οἱ λ. τῆς πίστεως 1 Ti 4:6. On λόγοι κυριακοί for λόγια κυριακά in the title of the Papias document s. ἐξήγησις 2.—JSchniewind, Die Begriffe Wort und Evangelium bei Pls, diss. Bonn 1910; RAsting (εὐαγγέλιον, end).

γ. of an individual declaration or remark: assertion, declaration, speech ἀκούσαντες τὸν λ. when they heard the statement Mt 15:12; cp. 19:11, 22; 22:15; Mk 5:36. διὰ τοῦτον τὸν λ. because of this statement of yours 7:29 (TestAbr A 15 p. 95, 29 [Stone p. 38] τὸν λ. τοῦτον; ApcMos 25 εἰς τὸν λόγον σου κρινῶ σε). Cp. 10:22; 12:13; Lk 1:29; 22:61 v.l. (for ῥήματος); J 4:39, 50; 6:60; 7:36, 40 v.l.; 15:20a; 18:9; 19:8; Ac 6:5; 7:29; 20:38; 22:22; 1 Th 4:15. ὸ̔ς ἐὰν εἴπῃ λόγον κατὰ τοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου whoever utters a (defamatory) word against the Son of Humanity Mt 12:32 (λ. εἰπεῖν κατά τινος as Jos., Ant. 15, 81); cp. Lk 12:10. λόγος σαπρός unwholesome talk Eph 4:29. λόγον ποιεῖσθαι make a speech Ac 11:2 D (cp. Hyperid. 3, 20; Jos., Ant. 11, 86).

δ. the pl. (οἱ) λόγοι is used, on the one hand, of words uttered on various occasions, of speeches or instruction given here and there by humans or transcendent beings (TestAbr A 14 p. 94, 19 [Stone p. 36]; Jos., Ant. 4, 264; Just., D. 100, 3) ἐκ τῶν λόγων σου δικαιωθήσῃ (καταδικασθήσῃ) Mt 12:37ab; 24:35; Mk 13:31; Lk 21:33; Ac 2:40; 7:22 (ἐν λόγοις καὶ ἔργοις αὐτοῦ. On the word-deed pair cp. Dio Chrys. 4, 6 the λόγοι and ἔργα of Diogenes; s. α above). οἱ δέκα λόγοι the ten commandments (Ex 34:28; Dt 10:4; Philo, Rer. Div. Her. 168, Decal. 32; Jos., Ant. 3, 138; cp. 91f; Did., Gen. 36, 10) B 15:1. Ac 15:24; 20:35; 1 Cor 2:4b, 13; 14:19ab; κενοὶ λ. Eph 5:6; AcPl Ox 6, 13 (cp. Aa 1, 241, 14); Dg 8:2; πλαστοὶ λ. 2 Pt 2:3. λ. πονηροί 3J 10.—Also of words and exprs. that form a unity, whether it be connected discourse (Jos., Ant. 15, 126; Just., A II, 12, 6, D. 11, 5; 81, 3 al.), a conversation, or parts of one and the same teaching, or expositions on the same subject (Diod S 16, 2, 3 μετέσχε τῶν Πυθαγορίων λόγων; Dio Chrys. 37 [54], 1; Ael. Aristid. 50, 55 K.=26 p. 519 D.: οἱ Πλάτωνος λόγοι; PsSol 17:43 [words of the Messiah]; AscIs 3:12 οἱ λόγοι τοῦ Βελχειρά) πᾶς ὅστις ἀκούει μου τοὺς λόγους τούτους Mt 7:24; cp. vss. 26, 28; 10:14; 19:1; 26:1; Mk 10:24; Lk 1:20; 6:47; 9:28, 44. ἐπηρώτα αὐτὸν ἐν λόγοις ἱκανοῖς he questioned him at some length 23:9. τίνες οἱ λ. οὗτοι οὓς ἀντιβάλλετε; what is this conversation that you are holding? 24:17; J 7:40 (s. γ); 10:19; J 14:24a; 19:13; Ac 2:22; 5:5, 24; 16:36; 2 Ti 4:15; 1 Cl 13:1; 46:7. λόγοις φθοριμαίοις AcPlCor 1:2.

ε. the subject under discussion, matter, thing gener. (Theognis 1055 Diehl; Hdt. 8, 65 μηδενὶ ἄλλῳ τὸν λόγον τοῦτον εἴπῃς. Cp. Hebr. דָּבָר) τὸν λ. ἐκράτησαν they took up the subject Mk 9:10; cp. Mt. 21:24 (s. 1aβ beg.). οὐκ ἔστιν σοι μερὶς ἐν τῷ λόγῳ τούτῳ you have no share in this matter Ac 8:21. ἰδεῖν περὶ τ. λόγου τούτου look into this matter 15:6. ἔχειν πρός τινα λόγον have a complaint against someone (cp. Demosth. 35, 55 ἐμοὶ πρὸς τούτους ὁ λόγος; PIand 16, 3 δίκαιον λόγον ἔχει πρὸς σέ) 19:38. παρεκτὸς λόγου πορνείας Mt 5:32; 19:9 v.l. (2d is also prob.).—Perh. also Mk 8:32 he discussed the subject quite freely (but s. 1aβ above).

ⓑ of literary or oratorical productions: of the separate books of a work (Hdt. 5, 36 ἐν τῷ πρώτῳ τ. λόγων; Pla., Parmen. 2, 127d ὁ πρῶτος λόγος; Philo, Omn. Prob. Lib. 1 ὁ μὲν πρότερος λόγος ἦν ἡμῖν, ὦ Θεόδοτε, περὶ τοῦ …) treatise Ac 1:1 (s. on the prologue to Ac: AHilgenfeld, ZWT 41, 1898, 619ff; AGercke, Her 29, 1894, 373ff; RLaqueur, Her 46, 1911, 161ff; Norden, Agn. Th. 311ff; JCreed, JTS 35, ’34, 176–82; Goodsp., Probs. 119–21). Παπίας … πέντε λόγους κυριακῶν λογίων ἔγραψεν Papias (11:1; cp. 3:1 e; 11:2; 12:2).—περὶ οὗ πολὺς ἡμῖν ὁ λόγος about this we have much to say Hb 5:11. Hb is described as ὁ λ. τῆς παρακλήσεως a word of exhortation (in literary form) 13:22. Of writings that are part of Holy Scripture ὁ λ. Ἠσαί̈ου J 12:38. ὁ λ. ὁ ἐν τῷ νόμῳ γεγραμμένος 15:25; ὁ προφητικὸς λ. 2 Pt 1:19; 2 Cl 11:2 (quot. of unknown orig.); AcPl Ha 8, 27/BMM recto 35 (Just., D. 77, 2 al.). ὁ ἅγιος λ. the holy word 1 Cl 56:3. ὁ λ. ὁ γεγραμμένος 1 Cor 15:54 (Is 25:8 and Hos 13:14 follow). Pl. οἱ λόγοι τ. προφητῶν Ac 15:15. ὡς γέγραπται ἐν βίβλῳ λόγων Ἠσαί̈ου Lk 3:4 (Pla., 7th Epistle 335a πείθεσθαι ἀεὶ χρὴ τοῖς παλαιοῖς καὶ ἱεροῖς λόγοις; TestJob 1:1 βίβλος λόγων Ἰώβ; ParJer 9:32 v.l. τὰ λοιπὰ τῶν λόγων Ἱερεμίου; ApcEsdr 1:1 καὶ ἀποκάλυψις τοῦ … Ἐσδράμ; ApcSed prol.; Just., D. 72, 3f).—Of the content of Rv: ὁ ἀναγινώσκων τ. λόγους τῆς προφητείας 1:3. οἱ λόγοι (τ. προφητείας) τ. βιβλίου τούτου 22:7, 9f, 18f.

② computation, reckoning

ⓐ a formal accounting, esp. of one’s actions, and freq. with fig. extension of commercial terminology account, accounts, reckoning λόγον δοῦναι (Hdt. 8, 100; X., Cyr. 1, 4, 3; Diod S 3, 46, 4; SIG 1099, 16; BGU 164, 21; Jos., Ant. 16, 120; Just., D. 115, 6) give account, make an accounting ἕκαστος περὶ ἑαυτοῦ λόγον δώσει τ. θεῷ Ro 14:12. Also λ. ἀποδοῦναι abs. (Just., D. 116, 1 al.; Diod S 16, 56, 4; 19, 9, 4) Hb 13:17. τινί to someone (Diod S 16, 27, 4; Plut., Alcib. 7, 3; Chariton 7, 6, 2; SIG 631, 13 τᾷ πόλει; 2 Ch 34:28; Da 6:3 Theod.; Jos., Bell. 1, 209) τῷ ἑτοίμως ἔχοντι κρῖναι 1 Pt 4:5. τινὸς of someth. (SIG 1044, 46; 1105, 10 τοῦ ἀναλώματος; Jos., Ant. 19, 307) Lk 16:2 (here λ. w. the art.; on the subject of undergoing an audit cp. Aeschin. 3, 22). Likew. περί τινος (Diod S 18, 60, 2 δοὺς αὑτῷ περὶ τούτων λόγον=taking account [considering] with himself; BGU 98, 25 περὶ τούτου) Mt 12:36; Ac 19:40. ὑπέρ τινος concerning someone Hv 3, 9, 10.—αἰτεῖν τινα λόγον περί τινος call someone to account for someth. 1 Pt 3:15 (cp. Pla., Pol. 285e; Dio Chrys. 20 [37], 30; Apc4Esdr Fgm. b ἕκαστος ὑπὸ τοῦ οἰκείου ἔργου τὸν λόγον ἀπαιτηθήσεται; Just., A I, 17, 4. For another perspective s. d below.).—Of banking responsibility ὁ λόγος τοῦ θεοῦ (PStras 72, 10 [III A.D.] ὁ τῶν θεῶν λ.; PHerm 108 [III A.D.] λ. τοῦ Σαραπείου) in wordplay Ac 6:2 (w. τράπεζα q.v. 1c); s. also 1aβ.—Of a ledger heading (POxy 1333 [II/III A.D.] δὸς αὐτῳ λόγῳ θεωρικῶν=credit him under ‘festivals’; for others s. Preisig., Wörterbuch s.v. λ. 14; s. also Fachwörter 119) Ro 9:6 (the point is that God’s ‘list’ of Israelites is accurate; on ἐκπίπτω in the sense ‘is not deficient’ s. s.v. 4); vs. 9 (the ‘count’ is subsumed by metonymy in divine promise); Gal 5:14 (all moral obligations come under one ‘entry’: ‘you shall love your neighbor as yourself’; for commercial association of ἀναλίσκω vs. 15, which rounds out the wordplay, s. s.v.). The contexts of these three passages suggest strong probability for commercial associations; for another view s. 1aβ.

ⓑ settlement (of an account) (εἰς λόγον commercial t.t. ‘in settlement of an account’ POxy 275, 19; 21) εἰς λόγον δόσεως κ. λήμψεως in settlement of a mutual account (lit., ‘of giving and receiving’, ‘of debit and credit’) Phil 4:15 (cp. Plut., Mor. 11b λόγον δοῦναι καὶ λαβεῖν; a parallel formulation POxy 1134,10 [421 A.D.] λ. λήμματος καὶ ἐξοδιασμοῦ=ledger of income and expenditures); for the linked accounting terms δόσις and λήμψις s. PCairMasp 151, 208 [VI A.D.]. The same ideas are in the background of εἰς λόγον ὑμῶν credited to your account vs 17.—συναίρειν λόγον settle accounts (BGU 775, 18f. The mid. in the same mng. PFay109, 6 [I A.D.]; POxy 113, 27f.—Dssm., LO 94 [LAE 118f]) μετά τινος Mt 18:23; 25:19.

ⓒ reflection, respect, regard εἰς λόγον τινός with regard to, for the sake of (Thu. 3, 46, 4; Demosth. 19, 142 εἰς ἀρετῆς λόγον; Polyb. 11, 28, 8; Ath. 31, 1; Ael. Aristid. 39 p. 743 D.: εἰς δεινότητος λ.) εἰς λ. τιμῆς IPhld 11:2. εἰς λ. θεοῦ ISm 10:1.

ⓓ reason for or cause of someth., reason, ground, motive (Just., D. 94, 3 δότε μοι λόγον, ὅτου χάριν … ; Ath. 30, 3 τὶς γὰρ … λόγος; Dio Chrys. 64 [14], 18 ἐκ τούτου τ. λόγου; Appian, Hann. 29 §126 τῷ αὐτῷ λόγῳ; Iambl., Vi. Pyth. 28, 155) τίνι λόγω; for what reason? Ac 10:29 (cp. Pla., Gorg. 512c τίνι δικαίῳ λ.; Appian, Mithrid. 57 §232 τίνι λόγῳ;). λόγον περὶ τῆς ἐν ὑμῖν ἐλπίδος 1 Pt 3:15 (but s. a above); κατὰ λόγον Ac 18:14 (s. κατά B 5bβ). παρεκτὸς λόγου πορνείας Mt 5:32; 19:9 v.l. (though 1aε is also poss.).

ⓔ πρὸς ὸ̔ν ἡμῖν ὁ λόγος (ἐστίν) with whom we have to do (i.e. to reckon) (Dio Chrys. 31, 123; other exx. in FBleek, Hb II/1, 1836, 590ff), in his capacity as judge (Libanius, Legat. Ulixis [=Declamatio IV] 2 F. τοῖς δὲ ἀδίκως ἀποκτενοῦσι καὶ πρὸς θεοὺς καὶ πρὸς ἀνθρώπους ὁ λόγος γίγνεται) Hb 4:13. οὐ πρὸς σάρκα ὁ λόγος, ἀλλὰ πρὸς θεόν he has to do not with flesh, but with God IMg 3:2.

ⓕ In Col 2:23 (s. 1aβ) λόγον μὲν ἔχοντα σοφίας may= make a case for wisdom (cp. λόγος ἡμῖν οὐδείς Plut., Mor. 870b).

③ the independent personified expression of God, the Logos. Our lit. shows traces of a way of thinking that was widespread in contemporary syncretism, as well as in Jewish wisdom lit. and Philo, the most prominent feature of which is the concept of the Logos, the independent, personified ‘Word’ (of God): GJs 11:2 (word of the angel to Mary) συνλήμψῃ ἐκ Λόγου αὐτοῦ (sc. τοῦ πάντων Δεσπότου). J 1:1abc, 14 (cp. Just., A I, 23, 2; Mel., P. 9, 61 and oft. by all apolog., exc.. Ar.). It is the distinctive teaching of the Fourth Gospel that this divine ‘Word’ took on human form in a historical person, that is, in Jesus (s. RSeeberg, Festgabe für AvHarnack ’21, 263–81.—Λόγος w. ζωή in gnostic speculation: Iren.1, 1, 1 [Harv. 1, 10, 4]; Aelian, VH 4, 20 ἐκάλουν τὸν Πρωταγόραν Λόγον. Similarly Favorinus [II A.D.]: Vorsokr. 80 A 1 ln. 22 [in Diog. L. 9, 50] of Democritus: ἐκαλεῖτο Σοφία. Equating a divinity with an abstraction that she personifies: Artem. 5, 18 φρόνησις εἶναι νομίζεται ἡ θεός [Athena]). Cp. 1J 1:1; Rv 19:13. εἷς θεός ἐστιν, ὁ φανερώσας ἑαυτὸν διὰ Ἰ. Χριστοῦ τοῦ υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ, ὅς ἐστιν αὐτοῦ λόγος, ἀπὸ σιγῆς προελθών there is one God, who has revealed himself through Jesus Christ his Son, who is his ‘Word’ proceeding from silence (i.e., without an oral pronouncement: in a transcendent manner) IMg 8:2 (s. σιγή). The Lord as νόμος κ. λόγος PtK 1. Cp. Dg 11:2, 3, 7, 8; 12:9.—HClavier, TManson memorial vol., ’59, 81–93: the Alexandrian eternal λόγος is also implied in Hb 4:12; 13:7.—S. also the ‘Comma Johanneum’ (to the bibliography in RGG³ I, ’54 [HGreeven] add AJülicher, GGA 1905, 930–35; AvHarnack, SBBerlAk 1915, 572f [=Studien I ’31, 151f]; MMeinertz, Einl. in d. NT⁴ ’33, 309–11; AGreiff, TQ 114, ’33, 465–80; CDodd, The Joh. Epistles ’46; WThiele, ZNW 50, ’59, 61–73) ὁ πατήρ, ὁ λόγος καὶ τὸ ἅγιον πνεῦμα 1J 5:7 v.l. (s. N. app.; Borger, TRu 52, ’87, 57f). (Such interpolations were not unheard of. According to Diog. L. 1, 48 some people maintain that Solon inserted the verse mentioning the Athenians after Il. 2, 557.—τῆς τριάδος, τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ τοῦ λόγου αὐτοῦ καὶ τῆς σοφίας αὐτοῦ Theoph. Ant. 2, 15 [p. 138, 19].)—On the Logos: EZeller, D. Philosophie der Griechen III 2⁴ 1903, 417–34; MHeinze, D. Lehre v. Logos in d. griech. Philosophie 1872; PWendland, Philo u. d. kynisch-stoische Diatribe (Beiträge z. Gesch. der griech. Philosophie u. Religion by Wendl. and OKern 1895, 1–75); AAall, Gesch. d. Logosidee 1896, 1899; MPohlenz, D. Stoa ’48f, I 482; 490 (index); LDürr, D. Wertung des göttl. Wortes im AT u. im ant. Orient ’38 (§9 of the Joh. Logos); EBréhier, Les idées philosophiques et religieuses de Philon d’Alexandrie 1907, 83–111; (² ’25); JLebreton, Les théories du Logos au début de l’ère chrétienne 1907; ESchwartz, NGG 1908, 537–56; GVos, The Range of the Logos-Title in the Prologue of the Fourth Gospel: PTR 11, 1913, 365–419; 557–602; RHarris, The Origin of the Prologue to St. John’s Gospel 1917, Athena, Sophia and the Logos: BJRL 7, 1, 1922 p. 56–72; M-JLagrange, Vers le Logos de S. Jean: RB 32, 1923, 161–84, Le Logos de Philon: ibid. 321–71; HLeisegang, Logos: Pauly-W. XIII 1926, 1035–81; TGlasson, Heraclitus’ Alleged Logos Doctr., JTS 3, ’52, 231–38.—NWeinstein, Z. Genesis d. Agada 1901, 29–90; Billerb. II 302–33.—Rtzst., Zwei religionsgeschichtl. Fragen 1901, 47–132, Mysterienrel.³ 1927, 428 index; WBousset, Kyrios Christos² 1921, 304ff; 316f; JKroll, D. Lehren d. Hermes Trismegistos1914, 418 index.—RBultmann, D. religionsgesch. Hintergrund des Prol. z. Joh.: HGunkel Festschr., 1923, II 1–26, Comm. ’41, 5ff; AAlexander, The Johannine Doctrine of the Logos: ET 36, 1925, 394–99; 467–72; (Rtzst. and) HSchaeder, Studien z. antiken Synkretismus 1926, 306–37; 350; GAvdBerghvanEysinga, In den beginne was de Logos: NThT 23, ’34, 105–23; JDillersberger, Das Wort von Logos ’35; RBury, The 4th Gosp. and the Logos-Doctrine ’40; EMay, CBQ 8, ’46, 438–47; GKnight, From Moses to Paul ’49, 120–29. TW IV 76–89; 126–40 (on this s. SLyonnet, Biblica 26, ’45, 126–31); CStange, ZST 21, ’50, 120–41; MBoismard, Le Prologue de St. Jean ’53; HLangkammer, BZ 9, ’65, 91–94; HRinggren, Word and Wisdom [hypostatization in Near East] ’47; WEltester, Haenchen Festschr., ’64, 109–34; HWeiss, Untersuchungen zur Kosmologie etc., TU 97, ’66, 216–82; MRissi, Die Logoslieder im Prolog des vierten Evangeliums, TZ 31, ’75, 321–36; HLausberg, NAWG, Ph. ’87, 1 pp. 1–7.—B. 1262. DELG s.v. λέγω B 1. M-M. EDNT. TW.

अवन्तिः न्ती f. [अव्-बाहु˚ झिच् Uṇ.3.5.]

1 N. of a city, the modern उज्जयिनी, one of the seven sacred cities of the Hindus, to die at which is said to secure eternal happiness; cf. अयोध्या मथुरा माया काशी काञ्चिरव- न्तिका । पुरी द्वारावती चैव सप्तैता मौक्षदायिकाः ॥ The women of Avanti are said to be very skilful in all erotic arts; cf. आवन्त्य एव निपुणाः सुदृशो रतकर्मणि B. R.1.82.

-2 N. of a river. m. (pl.) N. of a country and its inhabitants; its capital being उज्जयिनी on the river सिप्रा; and there is also the temple of महाकाल in the suburbs. [According to Hemachandra अवन्ति is syno- nymous with Mālava or the modern Mālavā; but the latter country covered in ancient times, as now, a wider area than Avanti, as Bāṇa applies the name to a neighbouring kingdom in the east, whose capital was Vidiśā on the Vetravatī or Betvā. In the time of the Mahābhārata Avanti appears to have extended on the south to the banks of the Narmadā and on the west probably to the banks of the Myhe or Mahī]; अवन्तिनाथो$यमुदग्रबाहुः R.6.32; असौ महाकाल- निकेतनस्य वसन्नदूरे किल चन्द्रमौलेः 6.34,35; प्राप्यावन्तीनुदयन- कथाकोविदग्रामवृद्धान् Me.3; अवन्तीषूज्जयिनी नाम नगरी K.52.

-Comp. -पुरम् the city of Avanti उज्जयिनी.

-ब्रह्मः [अवन्तिषु ब्रह्मा अच् समासान्तः ब्रह्मणोजानपदाख्यायाम् P.V. 4.14] a Brāhmaṇa residing in Avanti.

-भूपालः Bhoja, the king of Avanti.

-सोमः [अवन्तिषु सोम इव] sour gruel (prepared from the fermentation of rice- water (काञ्जिकम्).

- życie na ziemi life on earth

- poszukiwanie form życia w kosmosie the search for life forms in the universe

- wiosną budzi się życie in spring everything comes to life

- uratować komuś życie to save sb’s life

- zamach na życie cara an attempt on the tsar’s life

- pożegnać się a. rozstać się z życiem to depart this life

- odebrać sobie życie to take one’s (own) life

- stracić życie to lose one’s life

- jej syn przypłacił to życiem her son paid for it with his life

- ujść z życiem to escape with one’s life

- ten błąd kosztował ją życie that mistake cost her her life

- oddać za kogoś/coś życie to lay down a. give one’s life for sb/sth książk.

- pozostawać przy życiu to remain alive

- lekarze utrzymywali pacjenta przy życiu przez dwie doby the doctors managed to keep the patient alive for two days

- tylko praca trzyma go przy życiu work is the only thing that keeps him going pot. a. keeps him alive

- nieliczni pasażerowie pozostali przy życiu the few surviving passengers

- nigdy w życiu nie widziałam czegoś takiego I’ve never seen anything like it (in my life)

- już za życia był postacią legendarną he was a legend in his own lifetime

- za życia babci to było nie do pomyślenia it was unthinkable in grandma’s time

- kalendarium życia poety significant dates in the poet’s life

- całe swoje dorosłe życie spędził w tym mieście he spent his entire adult life in this town

- cieszyć się życiem to enjoy life

- używać życia to live life to the full

- ułożyć sobie życie na nowo to make a new life for oneself

- nadawać sens czyjemuś życiu to give sb’s life meaning

- styl życia a lifestyle, a way of life

- szkoła przystosowuje dzieci do życia the purpose of a school is to adjust children to social life

- życie duchowe/seksualne/zawodowe sb’s spiritual/sex/working life

- wtrącać się w czyjeś życie to interfere in sb’s affairs a. life

- urządzić sobie życie to arrange one’s life

- mieć łatwe/trudne życie to have an easy/a hard life

- życie go nie rozpieszcza his life is not all roses

- zarabiać na życie to earn a living, to make one’s living

- zarabia na życie malowaniem portretów he makes his living painting portraits

- poziom życia the standard of living, living standards

- ludzie pozbawieni środków do życia people deprived of a means of livelihood

- ledwo mu starcza na życie he barely has enough to live on

- życie w stolicy jest bardzo drogie life in the capital is very expensive

- pieniądze na życie housekeeping (money)

- tak jest w teorii, ale nie w życiu that’s how it is in theory, but not in practice a. real life

- zupełnie nie zna życia he’s totally inexperienced

- historia z życia wzięta a true-life story

- być pełnym życia to be full of life a. vigour

- tryskać życiem to be bursting with energy

- z życiem, panowie! look lively, men! pot.

- miasto od świtu tętni a. kipi życiem the city pulsates with life from the crack of dawn

- po latach zastoju życie budzi się w tutejszych miasteczkach after years of stagnation the local villages are coming (back) to life

- poznać życie mieszkańców/szlachty to learn about the life of the locals/nobility

- życie publiczne/społeczne/kulturalne public/social/cultural life

- średni czas życia samochodu the average life of a car

- państwo nie może utrzymywać przy życiu nierentownych przedsiębiorstw the state can’t keep unprofitable companies alive

- □ nocne życie miasta the city’s nightlife

- życie intymne sb’s love life

- życie osobiste a. prywatne private life

- życie wieczne Relig. eternal a. everlasting life

■ bój a. walka a. wojna na śmierć i życie a life-and-death struggle, a struggle to the death

- brać życie lekko to be light-hearted

- brać życie na serio a. patrzeć poważnie na życie to take life seriously

- być bez życia to be lifeless

- być czyimś życiem książk. to be sb’s life

- być nie do życia (być słabym) to be half dead a. more dead than alive; (być niezaradnym) to not be cut out for this life a. world; (o mieście) to be impossible a. hard to live in

- dać komuś życie książk. to give sb the gift of life

- dać znak życia (napisać list) to drop a line

- darować komuś życie książk. to spare sb’s life

- jeśli ci życie miłe książk. if you value your life

- w szkole nie miał życia, koledzy go szykanowali pot. he had a hard a. tough time at school, he was bullied all the time

- mężczyzna/kobieta mojego życia the man/woman in my life

- mieć święte życie to live a. lead the life of Riley pot.

- mieć własne życie to have a life of one’s own, to live one’s own life

- ma życie usłane różami his life is a bed of roses

- nie zaznać a. zakosztować życia to not taste life

- póki życia przest. until a. to the end of one’s days

- przypłacić a. okupić coś życiem książk. to pay for sth with one’s life, to lay down a. give one’s life for sth

- samo życie that’s life, such is life

- sprawa a. kwestia życia i śmierci a matter of life and death

- szkoła życia książk. school of hard knocks

- tchnąć w coś życie książk. to breathe (new) life into sth

- usunąć się z czyjegoś życia książk. to part company with sb

- wchodzić w życie [młodzież, nastolatek] to leave home; [ustawa, przepis] to come into a. to take effect

- wprowadzić a. wcielić coś w życie to bring a. put sth into effect

- zatruwać a. obrzydzać komuś życie to make life hell for sb pot.

- złamać sobie/komuś życie to make one’s/sb’s life a misery

- życie się ledwie w nim kołacze he’s ready to give up the ghost

उत्तर a. [उद्-तरप्]

1 Being or produced in the north, northern (declined like a pronoun).

-2 Upper, higher P.I.1.34 (opp. अधर); उत्तरे-अधरे दन्ताः Śat. Br.; अवनतोत्तरकायम् R.9.6; P.II.2.1.

-3 (a) Later-latter, following, subsequent (opp. पूर्व); पूर्वमेघः, उत्तरमेघः, ˚मीमांसा; उत्तरार्धः &c. ˚रामचरितम् later adventures of Rāma U.1.2; पूर्वः उत्तरः former-latter H.1.9; एतानि मान्यस्थानानि गरीयो यद्यदुत्तरम् Ms.2.136. (b) Future; concluding; ˚कालः subsequent time; ˚फलम्; ˚वचनम् a reply.

-4 Left (opp. दक्षिण).

-5 Superior, chief, excellent; dominant, power- ful. आनयेङ्गुदिपिण्याकं चीरमाहर चोत्तरम् Rām.2.13.2; वाद्यमानेषु तूर्येषु मल्लतारोत्तरेषु च Bhāg.1.42.36.

-6 Exceeding, transgressing, beyond; तर्कोत्तराम् Mv.2.6.

-7 More, more than (generally as the last member of a comp. with numerals); षडुत्तरा विंशतिः 26; अष्टोत्तरं शतं 18; दशनागबलाः केचित् केचिद्दशगुणोत्तराः Rām.5.43.22.

-8 Accompanied or attended with, full of, consisting chiefly of, followed by (at the end of comp.); राज्ञां तु चरितार्थता दुःखोत्तरैव Ś.5; चषकोत्तरा R.7.49; अस्रोत्तर- मीक्षिताम् Ku.5.61; उत्सवोत्तरो मङ्गलविधिः Dk.39,166; K.311; H.1.15; प्रवाल ˚पुष्पशय्ये R.6.5 over spread with; धर्मोत्तरम् 13.7 rich in; 18.7; कम्प ˚ 13.28;17.12; 19.23.

-9 To be crossed over.

-रः 1 Future time, futurity.

-2 N. of Viṣṇu.

-3 N. of Śiva.

-रा 1 The north; अस्त्युत्तरस्यां दिशि देवतात्मा Ku.1.1.

-2 A lunar mansion.

-3 N. of the daughter of Virāṭa and wife of Abhimanyu.

-4 N. of a plant (Mar. पिंपरी).

-रम् 1 An answer, reply; प्रचक्रमे च प्रतिवक्तुमुत्तरम् R.3.47; उत्तरादुत्तरं वाक्यं वदतां संप्रजायते Pt.1.6; a reply is suggested to a reply वचस्तस्य सपदि क्रिया केवलमुत्तरम् Śi.

-2 (In law) Defence, a rejoinder.

-3 The last part or following member of a compound.

-4 (In Mīm.) The fourth member of an अधिकरण q. v. the answer.

-5 The upper surface or cover.

-6 Con- clusion.

-7 Remainder, rest, what followed or took place next; शान्तमथवा किमिहोत्तरेण U.3.26.

-8 Superiority, excellence.

-9 Result, the chief or prevalent result or characteristic.

-1 Excess, over and above; see above (उत्तर a. 8).

-11 Remainder, difference (in arith.).

-12 A rectangular moulding (Mānasāra 13.67.)

-13 The next step, further action; उत्तरं चिन्तयामास वानरो मरुतात्मजः Rām.5.13.59.

-14 A cover (आच्छादन); सू<?>स्करं सोत्तरबन्धुरेषम् Mb.6.6.9.

-रम् ind.

1 Above.

-2 Afterwards, after; तत उत्तरम्, इत उत्तरम् &c. शापं तं ते$भिविज्ञाय कृतवन्तः किमुत्तरम् Mb.1.36.1.

-Comp. -अगारम् An upper room, garet.

- अधर a. higher and lower (fig. also). (

-रौ du.) the upper and under lip, the two lips; पुनर्विवक्षुःस्फुरितोत्तराधरः Ku.5.83 (स्फुरण- भूयिष्ठो$धरो यस्य Malli.).

-अधिकारः, -रिता, -त्वम् right to property, heirship, inheritance.

-अधिकारिन् m. an heir or claimant (subsequent to the death of the ori- ginal owner).

-अपरा north-west.

-अभिमुख a. Turned towards the north.

-अयनम् (˚यणं. न being changed to ण)

1 the progress of the sun to the north (of the equator); अग्निर्ज्योतिरहः शुक्लः षण्मासा उत्तरायणम् Bg.8.24. cf. भानोर्मकरसंक्रान्तेः षण्मासा उत्तरायणम् । कर्कादेस्तु तथैव स्यात् षण्मासा दक्षिणायनम् ॥

-2 the period or time of the sum- mer solstice.

-अरणिः, -णी f. the upper अरणि (which by cutting becomes the प्रमन्थ or churner); दारुपात्राणि सर्वाणि अरणिं चोत्तरारणिम् (दत्त्वा) Rām.6.111.116.

-अर्थ a. for the sake of what follows.

-अर्धम् 1 the upper part of the body.

-2 the northern part.

-3 the latter half (opp. पूर्वार्ध).

-4 the further end.

-अर्ध्य a. being on the northern side.

-अहः the following day.

-आभासः a false reply, an indirect, evasive, or prevaricating reply. ˚ता, -त्वम् the semblance of a reply without reality.

-आशा the northern direction. ˚अधिपतिः, -पतिः the regent of the northern direction, an epithet of Kubera.

-आषाढा 1 the 21st lunar mansion consisting of three stars.

-2 N. of bread-fruit or Jak tree (Mar. फणस).

-आसङ्गः 1 an upper garment; कृतोत्तरासङ्गम् K.43; Śi.2.19; Ku.5.16.

-2 contact with the north.

- इतर a. other than उत्तर i. e. southern. (

-रा) the southern direction.

-उत्तर a. [उत्तरस्मादुत्तरः]

1 more and more, higher and higher, further and further.

-2 successive, ever increasing; ˚स्नेहेन दृष्टः Pt. 1; Y.2.136.

(-रम्) 1 a reply to an answer, reply on reply; अलमुत्तरोत्तरेण Mu.3.

-2 conversation, a rejoinder.

-3 excess, exceeding quantity or degree.

-4 succession, gradation, sequence.

-5 descending. (

-रम्) ind. higher and higher, in constant continuation, more and more. उत्तरोत्तरमुत्कर्षः K. P.1; उत्तरोत्तरं वर्धते H.1.

-उत्तरिन् a.

1 ever-increasing.

-2 one following the other.

-ओष्ठः the upper lip (उत्तरो-रौ-ष्ठः). Vārt. on P.VI.1.94. ओत्वोष्ठयोस्समासे वा

-काण्डम् the seventh book of the Rāmāyaṇa.

-कायः the upper part of the body; तं वाहनादवनतोत्तरकायमीषत् R.9.6.

-कालः 1 future time.

-2 time calculated from one full moon to another.

-कुरु (m. pl.) one of the nine divisions of the world, the country of the northern Kurus (said to be a country of eternal beatitude).

-कोसलाः (m. pl.) the northern Kosalas; पितुरनन्तरमुत्तरकोसलान् R.9.1.

-कोशला the city of Ayodhyā; यदुपतेः क्व गता मथुरा पुरी रघुपतेः क्व गतोत्तरकोशला ॥ Udb.

-क्रिया funeral rites, obsequies.

-खण्डम् the last section of book.

-खण्डनम् refutation.

-गीता N. of a section of the sixth book of the Mahābhārata.

-ग्रन्थः supplement to a work.

-च्छदः a bed-covering, covering (in general); शय्योत्तरच्छदविमर्द- कृशाङ्गरागम् R.5.65,17.21; नागचर्मोत्तरच्छदः Mb.

-ज a. born subsequently or afterwards; चतुर्दश प्रथमजः पुनात्युत्तरजश्च षट् Y.1.59.

-ज्या the versed sine of an arc (Wilson); the second half of the chord halved by the versed sine (B. and R.).

-ज्योतिषाः (m. pl.) the northern Jyotiṣas.

-ततिः f. Ectype (lit. subequent proceedings) उत्तरस्यां ततौ तत्प्रकृतित्वात् MS.1.4.25. शबर explains उत्तरस्यां ततौ as विकृतौ),

-तन्त्रम् N. of a supplementary section in the medical work of Suśruta.

-तापनीयम् N. of the second part of the नृसिंहतापनीयो- पनिषद्.

-दायक a. replying, disobedient, pert, imperti- nent; दुष्टा भार्या शठं मित्रं भृत्याश्चोत्तरदायकाः H.2.11.

-दिश् f. the north.

˚ईशः, -पालः 1 Kubera, the regent of the north.

-2 the planet बुध. ˚बलिन्

1 the planet Venus.

-2 the moon.

-देशः the country towards the north.

-धेय a. to be done subsequently.

-नारायणः the second part of the नारायणसूक्त or पुरुषसूक्त (Rv.1.9.).

-पक्षः 1 the northern wing or side.

-2 the dark half of a lunar month.

-3 the second part of an argument, i. e. a reply, the reason pro. (opp. पूर्वपक्ष); प्रापयन् पवनव्याधेर्गिरमुत्तरपक्षताम् Śi.2.15.

-4 a demonstrated truth or conclusion.

-5 the minor proposition in a syllogism.

-6 (in Mīm.) the fifth member of an Adhikaraṇa, q. v.

-पटः 1 an upper garment.

-2 a bed-covering (उत्तरच्छदः).

-पथः the northern way, way leading to the north; the northern country; P.V.1 77. उत्तरपथेनाहृतं च.

-पथिक a. travelling in the northern country.

-पदम् 1 the last member of a compound.

-2 a word that can be compounded with another.

-पदिक, -पदकीय a. relating to, studying, or knowing the last word or term.

-पर्वतकम् A variety of hides. Kāu. A.2.11.

-पश्चार्धः the northwestern half.

-पश्चिम a. northwestern. (

-मः) the north-western country. (

-मा) [उत्तरस्याः पश्चिमायाश्च दिशोन्तरालम्] the north-west; आलोकयन्नुत्तरपश्चिमेन Mb.12.335.8.

-पादः the second division of a legal plaint, that part which relates to the reply or defence; पूर्वपक्षः स्मृतः पादो द्वितीयश्चोत्तरः स्मृतः । क्रियापादस्तृतीयः स्याच्चतुर्थो निर्णयः स्मृतः ॥

-पुरस्तात् ind. north-eastward (with gen.).

-पुराणम् N. of a Jaina work.

-पुरुषः = उत्तमपुरुषः q. v.

-पूर्व a. north-eastern. (

-र्वा) the north-east.

-प्रच्छदः a cover lid, quilt.

-प्रत्युत्तरम् 1 a dispute, debate, a rejoinder, retort.

-2 the pleadings in a law-suit.

-फ (फा) ल्गुनी the twelfth lunar mansion consisting of two stars (having the figure of a bed).

-भागः The second part.

-भाद्रपद्, -दा 1 the 26 th lunar mansion consisting of two stars (figured by a couch).

-2 N. of a plant (Mar. कडुनिंब).

-मन्द्रा a loud but slow manner of singing. ˚मन्द्राद्या a. particular मूर्च्छना in music.

-मात्रम् a mere reply.

-मीमांसा the later Mīmāmsā, the Vedānta Philosophy, an inquiry into the nature of Brahman or Jñāna Kāṇḍa (distinguished from मीमांसा proper which is usually called पूर्वमीमांसा).

-युगम् A particular measure (= 13 Aṅgulas).

-रहित a. without a reply.

-रामचरितम् -त्रम् N. of a celebrated drama by Bhavabhūti, which describes the later life of Rāma.

-रूपम् The second of two combined vowels or consonants.

-लक्षणम् the indication of an actual reply.

-लोमन् a. having the hair turned upwards.

-वयसम्, -स् n. old age, the declining period of life.

-वरितः a kind of small syringe.

-वल्ली f. N. of the second section of the काठकोपनिषद् when divided into two अध्यायs.

-वस्त्रम्, -वासस् n. an upper garment, mantle, cloak; जग्राह तामुत्तरवस्त्रदेशे Mb.3.268. 24.

-वादिन् m.

1 a defendant, respondent; (Opp. पूर्ववादिन्.) साक्षिषूभयतः सत्मु साक्षिणः पूर्ववादिनः । पूर्वपक्षे$धरीभूते भवन्त्युत्तरवादिनः ॥ Y.2.17.

-2 one whose claims are of later date than another's.

-विद् -वेदन or

वेदिन् An elephant sensitive to slight stimuli (Mātaṅga L.1.29; 9.39).

-वीथिः f. The northern orbit; Bṛi. S.

-वेदिः 1 the northern altar made for the sacred fire.

-2 N. of a Tīrtha near the कुरुक्षेत्र.

-सक्थम् the left thigh.

-संझित a. denoted or named in reply (as a witness). (

-तः) hearsay-witness.

-साक्षिन् m.

1 a witness for the defence.

-2 a witness deposing to facts from the reports of others.

-साधक a.

1 finishing what remains or follows, assisting at a ceremony.

-2 who or what proves a reply. (

-कः) an assistant, helper

-हनुः Ved. the upper jaw-bone.

उत्तर a.

1 Crossing over.

-2 To be crossed over, as in दुरुत्तर.

सत्य a. [सते हितं यत्]

1 True, real, genuine; as in सत्यव्रत, सत्यसंध.

-2 Honest, sincere, truthful, faithful.

-3 Fulfilled, realized.

-4 Virtuous, upright.

-5 Un- failing; कच्चिच्छुश्रूषसे तात पितुः सत्यपराक्रम Rām.2.1.7.

-त्यः 1 The abode of Brahman and of truth, the upper- most of the seven worlds or lokas above the earth; see लोक.

-2 The Aśvattha tree.

-3 N. of Rāma.

-4 Of Viṣṇu; सत्यव्रतं सत्यपरं त्रिसत्यं सत्यस्य योनिं निहितं च सत्ये । सत्यस्य सत्यमृतसत्यनेत्रं सत्यात्मकं त्वां शरणं प्रपन्नाः ॥ Bhāg.1.2.26.

-5 The deity presiding over नान्दीमुखश्राद्ध q. v.

-6 N. of Brahman; अव्ययस्याप्रमेयस्य सत्यस्य च तथाग्रतः Mb.1.37.5.

-त्यम् 1 Truth; मौनात्सत्यं विशिष्यते Ms.2.83; सत्यं ब्रू 'to speak the truth'.

-2 Sincerity.

-3 Goodness, virtue, purity,

-4 An oath, a promise, solemn asseveration; सत्याद् गुरुमलोपयन् R.12.9; Ms.8.113.

-5 A truism demonstra- ted truth of dogma.

-6 The first of the four Yugas. or ages of the world, the golden age, the age of truth and purity.

-7 Water

-8 The Supreme Spirit; हिरण्मयेन पात्रेण सत्यस्यापिहितं मुखम् Īśop.15.

-9 Final eman- cipation (मोक्ष); इह चेदवेदीदथ सत्यमस्ति न चेदिहावेदीन् महती विनष्टिः Ken.2.5.

-त्यम् ind. Truly, really, indeed, verily, forsooth; सत्यं शपामि ते पादपङ्कजस्पर्शेन K.; Ku.6.19.

-Comp. -अग्निः N. of the sage Agastya.

-अनुरक्त a. devoted to truth, honest, upright, true.

-अनृत a.

1 true and false; सत्यानृता च परुषा H.2.183.

-2 appa- rently true, but really false.

(-तम्, -ते) 1 truth and falsehood.

-2 practice of truth and falsehood; i. e. trade, commerce; सत्यानृताभ्यामपि वा न श्ववृत्त्या कदाचन Ms.4.4 and 6.

-अभिसंध a. true to one's promise, sincere.

-आत्मन् true. (-m.) a virtuous or upright man.

-आश्रमः renunciation of the world (संन्यास); दीक्षा बहुविधा राजन् सत्याश्रमपदं भवेत् Mb.12.66.13.

-उत्कर्षः 1 pre-eminence in truth.

-2 true excellence.

-उद्य a. speaking the truth.

-उपयाचन a. fulfilling a request.

-कामः a lover of truth.

-क्रिया a promise, oath.

-जित् N. of Indra in the third Manvantara; इन्द्रस्तु सत्यजित् Bhāg.8.1.24.

-तपस् m. N. of a sage.

-दर्शिन् a. truth-seeing, fore-seeing truth.

-धन a. rich in truth, exceedingly truthful.

-धर्मः the law of truth, eternal truth. ˚परायण a. devoted to truth and virtue.

-धृति a. strictly truthful.

-नारायणः 1 A form of Viṣṇu.

-2 A form of divinity (called Satyapīr in Bengāli).

-पुरम् 1 the world of Viṣṇu.

-2 The city of Satya-nārayaṇa; अन्ते सत्यपुरं ययौ (सत्यनारायणव्रतकथा).

-पुष्टिः true or permanent prosperity.

-पूत a. purified by truth (as words); सत्यपूतां वदेद्वाणीम् Ms.6.46.

-प्रतिज्ञ a. true to one's promise.

-प्रतिष्ठान, -मूल a. grounded in truth.

-फलः the Bilva tree.

-भामा N. of the daughter of Satrājit and the favourite wife of Kṛiṣṇa; (it was for her that Kṛiṣṇa fought with Indra and brought the Pārijāta tree from the Nand- ana garden and planted it in her garden).

-भारतः N. of Vyāsa.

-भेदिन् a. promise-breaking.

-मानम् a true measure.

-युगम् the golden age; the first or कृतयुग; see सत्यम् (6) above.

-यौवनः a Vidyādhara.

-रत a. devoted to truth, honest, sincere. (

-तः) N. of Vyāsa.

-लौकिकम् spiritual and worldly matters; मया प्रोक्तं हि लोकस्य प्रमाणं सत्यलौकिके Bhāg.3.24.35.

-वचनम् 1 the speaking of truth.

-2 a promise, solemn assurance.

-वचस् a. truthful, veracious. (-m.)

1 a saint, Ṛiṣi.

-2 a seer. (-n.) truth, veracity.

-वद्य a. veracious; सत्यवद्यो रघूत्तमः Bk.5.1. (

-द्यम्) truth, veracity.

-वाक्यम् truth-speaking, veracity,

-वाच् a. truthful, veracious, candid. (-m.)

1 a saint, seer.

-2 a crow.

-वादिन् a.

1 truth-speaking.

-2 sincere, outspoken, candid.

-व्यवस्था ascertainment of truth.

-व्रत, -संगर, -संध a.

1 true or faithful to an agree- ment, promise or word, adhering to truth veracious; Bhāg.1.2.26; see सत्यः (4).

-2 honest, sincere.

-श्रवसी Ved. an epithet of Uṣas.

-श्रावणम् taking a solemn oath.

-संश्रवः a promise, vow.

-संकल्प a. true in purpose of resolve.

-संकाश a. specious, plausible

-संगरः N. of Kubera. -a. true to an agreement or promise.

-संधः 1 an epithet of Rāma; राजेन्द्रं सत्यसंधं दशरथतनयम् Rāma-rakṣā 26.

-2 of Bharata.

-3 of king Janamejaya. (

-धा) an epithet of Draupadī. -a. keeping one's promise, faithful.

-साक्षिन् m. a trustworthy witness; यथोक्तेन नयन्तस्ते पूयन्ते सत्यसाक्षिणः Ms.8.257.

vie [vi]

   a. life

• vie sentimentale love life

• vie conjugale married life

• vie professionnelle professional life

• vie privée private life

• la vie de famille family life

• la vie d'étudiant student life

• mode de vie way of life

• dans la vie courante in everyday life

• vie de bohème Bohemian lifestyle

• mener la vie de château to live a life of luxury

• avoir la vie facile to have an easy life

• mener la vie dure à qn to give sb a hard time

• rendre la vie impossible à qn to make sb's life intolerable

• elle a refait sa vie avec lui she made a new life with him

• c'est la belle vie ! this is the life!

• c'est la vie ! that's life!

• la vie continue life goes on

• faire qch une fois dans sa vie to do sth once in one's life

• tu as la vie devant toi you've got your whole life ahead of you

• donner la vie to give birth

• risquer sa vie pour risk one's life for

• avoir la vie dure [préjugé, superstition] to die hard

• être entre la vie et la mort to be at death's door

• avoir droit de vie et de mort sur qn to have the power of life and death over sb

• passer de vie à trépas to pass on

• sans vie lifeless

• revenir à la vie to come back to life

• être plein de vie to be full of life

• un portrait plein de vie a lively portrait

► à vie for life

• condamné à la prison à vie sentenced to life imprisonment

• cet accident l'a marqué à vie this accident marked him for life

• président (nommé) à vie life president► à la vie à la mort [amitié, fidélité] undying

• amis à la vie à la mort friends for life

• entre nous, c'est à la vie à la mort we are friends for life► en vie alive

• être en vie to be alive

• maintenir qn en vie to keep sb alive► pour la vie for life

• amis pour la vie friends for life

• à Lulu pour la vie (tatouage) Lulu forever

   b. (Economics) le coût de la vie the cost of living

• la vie augmente the cost of living is rising

• ils manifestent contre la vie chère they are demonstrating against the high cost of living

* * *

1) gén, Biologie life

2) ( période) life

3) ( activité) life

4) ( vitalité) life

5) ( biographie) life

6) Technologie ( durabilité) life

••

* * *

* * *

vie nf

1 gén, Biol life; sauver la vie de qn to save sb's life; rendre la vie à qn to bring sb back to life; risquer sa vie to risk one's life; sacrifier ou donner sa vie pour qn to give one's life for sb; devoir la vie à qn to owe sb one's life; être en vie to be alive; maintenir qn en vie to keep sb alive; il y a laissé sa vie that was how he lost his life; sans vie lifeless; on l'a retrouvé sans vie they found him dead; donner la vie à qn to bring sb into the world; sauver des vies to save lives; vie végétale/animale/humaine plant/animal/human life; être entre la vie et la mort [malade] to hover between life and death; y a-t-il une vie après la mort? is there life after death?; y a-t-il de la vie sur Mars? is there life on Mars?;

2 ( période) life; avoir une vie dure to have a hard life; pour la vie for life; courte/longue vie short/long life; sur or vers la fin de leur vie toward(s) the end of their lives; la peur/course de ma vie the fright/race of my life; elle a travaillé toute sa vie she worked all her life; je ne vous ai jamais vu de ma vie I've never seen you in my life; pour la première fois de ma vie for the first time in my life; il n'y a pas que le travail/l'amour dans la vie there's more to life than work/love; avoir quelqu'un dans sa vie to have somebody in one's life; partager la vie de qn to share one's life with sb; ce n'est pas la femme de ma vie she's not the love of my life; que feras-tu dans la vie? what are you going to do in life?; faciliter la vie à qn to make life easier for sb; vivre sa vie to lead one's own life; passer sa vie à faire gén to spend one's life doing; ( tout le temps) to spend all one's time doing; à vie [bannir, défigurer, marquer] for life; [bannissement, suspension] lifetime ( épith); [emprisonnement, adhésion, président] life ( épith); œuvre d'une vie work of a lifetime; c'est la chance de ta vie it's the chance of a lifetime; durer toute une vie to last a lifetime; tu as toute la vie devant toi you've got your whole life in front of you;

3 ( activité) life; la vie urbaine/rurale city/country life; la vie culturelle/professionnelle cultural/professional life; la vie moderne/actuelle modern/ present day life; la vie d'entreprise corporate life; mener une vie de luxe to lead a life of luxury; la vie est chère the cost of living is high; avoir une vie active/sédentaire to lead an active/a sedentary life; mode de vie lifestyle; apprendre/connaître la vie to learn/know what life is all about; notre vie de couple our relationship, our life together (as a couple); comment réussir sa vie de couple how to live together and make it work; ⇒ bâton, enterrer;

4 ( vitalité) life; prendre vie to come to life; reprendre vie to come back to life; déborder de vie to be bursting with life; donner de la vie à un personnage to bring a character to life; donner de la vie à une fête to liven up a party; mettre de la vie dans qch to liven sth up; plein de vie [personne, lieu] full of life; manquant de vie, sans vie [personne, lieu] lifeless;

5 ( biographie) life; écrire la vie de qn to write a life of sb; la vie de Mozart the life of Mozart;

6 Tech ( durabilité) life; vie d'un appareil/d'une pile life of a machine/of a battery.

vie active Sociol working life; vie antérieure former life; vie chère high cost of living; vie éternelle eternal life; vie de famille family life; vie intérieure inner life; vie privée private life; vie quotidienne daily life; vie spirituelle spiritual life.

c'est la vie! that's life!; ça c'est la vie!, c'est la vie d'artiste! this is the life!; ce n'est pas une vie! it's no life!; quelle vie! what a life!; ainsi va la vie that's the way it goes; ils ont la belle vie they have a good life; c'est la belle vie! what a life!; ( en ce moment) this is the life!; une vie de chien○ a dog's life; avoir la vie dure [préjugés] to be ingrained; mener la vie dure à qn to make life hard for sb, to give sb a hard time; faire la vie○ [enfants] to have a wild time; [adultes] to live it up○; à la vie, à la mort! till death us do part!; entre eux c'est à la vie à la mort with them it's for life.

[vi] nom féminin

1. BIOLOGIE life

2. [existence] life

a. [ne pas être pressé] to have all the time in the world

b. [être jeune] to have one's whole life in front of one

3. [personne] life

4. [entrain] life

a. [ressemblant] true to life, lifelike

b. [énergique] lively, full of life

5. [partie de l'existence] life

6. [façon de vivre - d'une personne, d'une société] life, lifestyle, way of life ; [ - des animaux] life

7. [biographie] life

8. [conditions économiques] (cost of) living

9. RELIGION life

10. TECHNOLOGIE life

vie d'un neutron neutron lifetime

————————

à vie locution adjectivale

membre à vie life member

————————

en vie locution adjectivale

être toujours en vie to be still alive ou breathing

————————

sans vie locution adjectivale

[corps] lifeless, inert

[œuvre] lifeless, dull

εἰσέρχομαι fut. εἰσελεύσομαι (En 25:6; TestJob 40:4; Just., A I, 35, 10; M. Ant. 10, 8); 2 aor. εἰσῆλθον (also εἰσῆλθα, B-D-F §81, 3; Mlt-H. 208; Mt 7:13; Lk 11:52; impv. εἰσελθάτω Mk 13:15); pf. εἰσελήλυθα LXX; ptc. εἰσεληλυθώς Hs 9, 12, 4; 9, 13, 4; plpf. εἰσεληλύθει 2 Macc 9:2 (Hom.+)

① to move into a space, enter

ⓐ of geographical and other types of localities and areas as goal

α. cities and villages w. specific names (Jos., Ant. 9, 122): into Jerusalem Mt 21:10 (Just., D. 88, 6). εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα εἰς τὸ ἱερόν into Jerusalem and into the temple Mk 11:11. Caesarea Ac 10:24; 23:33. Capernaum Mt 8:5; Mk 2:1; Lk 7:1.

β. the world gener. εἰς τὸν κόσμον come into the world (Philo, Op. M. 78) in var. mngs.: of first appearance, of sin and death Ro 5:12; 1 Cl 3:4 (cp. Wsd 2:24); of birth (M. Ant. 6, 56) 1 Cl 38:3; of the incarnation of Christ Hb 10:5.

γ. structural areas and establishments: into the sanctuary Hb 9:12, 24f; temple (Jos., Ant. 3, 319) Lk 1:9; Rv 15:8; house Mt 10:12; 12:29; 17:25 v.l.; Mk 7:17; Lk 1:40; 8:41; Ac 11:12; 16:15; 21:8; synagogue (unless the sense ‘gathering’ applies in certain pass., s. συναγωγή 4) Mk 1:21; 3:1; Lk 4:16; 6:6; Ac 13:14; 14:1; 18:19; cp. Js 2:2; city Mt 10:11; 27:53; Mk 1:45; Lk 10:8, 10; 22:10; Ac 9:6; 14:20 al.; village Mk 8:26; Lk 9:52; 17:12; barracks Ac 23:16; praetorium J 18:28; 19:9; cp. Ac 25:23; Mt 6:6; J 18:1; Mk 16:5; J 20:6; 10:1; Mt 24:38; Lk 17:27; 1 Cl 9:4. εἰς τ. νεφέλην Lk 9:34 (cp. Ex 24:18).—W. indication of place from which, εἰ. ἔκ τινος: ἐξ ἀγροῦ come in from the field Lk 17:7 (cp. PEleph 13, 6 [223/22 B.C.] οὔπω εἰσελήλυθεν ἐξ ἀγροῦ; Gen 30:16).—W. indication of place through which, διά τινος (2 Ch 23:20; Jo 2:9; Jer 17:25; Jos., Ant. 13, 229 εἰ. διʼ ἄλλης πύλης) Mt 7:13; 19:24 v.l.; Lk 13:24; 18:25a; J 10:1, 2 (ἐρχόμενος P⁷⁵), 9.—W. ὑπὸ: τὴν στέγην under the roof, i.e., enter the house (Gen 19:8 v.l.) Mt 8:8; Lk 7:6.—W. adv. εἰ. ἔσω go inside (2 Ch 29:18; Bel 19 Theod.) Mt 26:58; AcPl Ha 4, 3. ὧδε come in here (Zech 7:3; Ezk 40:4) 22:12. ὅπου ἐὰν εἰσέλθῃ wherever he goes in Mk 14:14; Hb 6:20.—Without emphasis on the preposition Mt 9:18 v.l. (s. on εἷς 3b; προσέρχομαι 1a).

δ. Freq. the ‘place to which’ is not mentioned, but can be inferred fr. the context (Tob 5:9; 8:13; Jdth 14:14; 1 Macc 7:36; 2 Macc 1:15 al.; PTebt 418, 6ff): εἰσελθὼν διήρχετο τὴν Ἰεριχώ he entered Jericho and was passing through it Lk 19:1. καὶ ὅτε εἰσῆλθον (sc. εἰς τ. οἶκον) and when they had entered Ac 1:13. μὴ εἰσελθάτω (sc. εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν) Mk 13:15, also εἰσελθοῦσα 7:25 v.l.; εἰσελθών Mt 9:25; cp. Ac 5:7, 10; 10:25; 1 Cor 14:23f; AcPl Ha 3, 13. But the idea of destination can be so unimportant that εἰ. comes to mean simply come, go Lk 18:25a; cp. Mt 19:24 (s. 1aγ above).—Of things go (in, into), come (in, into), enter of food: into the mouth (Ezk 4:14; Da 10:3) Mt 15:11 (cp. Sextus 110; TestJob 38:3 διὰ στόματος τροφὴ εἰσέρχεται); Ac 11:8.

ⓑ of being(s) as goal

α. to come or go to πρός τινα come or go to someone (X., Mem. 3, 10, 1; Cebes, Tab. 29; Jos., Ant. 8, 235; Gen 16:4; Ps 50:2; Jdth 12:13; 15:9) Mk 15:43; J 14:23 v.l.; Ac 10:3; 11:3; 16:40; Rv 3:20; 1 Cl 12:4.

β. to come or go in among εἴς τινα come or go in among εἰς τὸν δῆμον the crowd Ac 19:30. εἰς ὑμᾶς 20:29. ἐπί τινα come to someone (cp. Ezk 44:25) ἐν παντὶ χρόνῳ ᾧ εἰσῆλθεν καὶ ἐξῆλθεν ἐφʼ ἡμᾶς went in and out among us = associated with us Ac 1:21 (on εἰ. καὶ ἐξέρχ. cp. Eur., Phoen. 534 ἐς οἴκους … εἰσῆλθε κἀξῆλθʼ [καὶ ἐξῆλθε]; Num 27:17; 2 Ch 1:10; J 10:9).

γ. to enter into persons or animals enter into someone (Wsd 1:4 of wisdom; Jos., Ant. 4, 121 of the divine spirit entering into prophets) esp. of hostile spirits which take possession of someone’s body as their dwelling Mk 9:25; Lk 8:30 (Lucian, Philops. 16: the exorcist asks the spirits ὅθεν [οἱ δαίμονες] εἰσεληλύθασιν εἰς τὸ σῶμα; ApcSed 5:5 [διάβολος] ὡς καπνὸς εἰσέρχεται εἰς τὰς καρδίας τῶν ἀνθρώπων). Of hostile spirits: into the swine Mk 5:12f; Lk 8:32f. Of Satan: into Judas 22:3; J 13:27; into a person Hm 12, 5, 4. For this εἰ. ἔν τινι (s. ἐν 3) εἰσῆλθεν ἐν αὐτοῖς Rv 11:11; cp. Lk 9:46; 1 Cl 48:2 (Ps 117:19).

② to enter into an event or state, of pers.: come into someth. = share in someth., come to enjoy someth. (Jos., C. Ap. 2, 123 εἰς τοὺς ἡμετέρους νόμους) εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν τ. θεοῦ (τ. οὐρανῶν) Mt 5:20; 7:21; 19:24; Mk 9:47; 10:15, 23ff; Lk 18:17, 25; J 3:5; 2 Cl 6:9 al. (cp. Da 11:9). For this εἰς τὴν ζωήν enter into eternal life=attain it Mt 18:8f; 19:17; Mk 9:43, 45. HWindisch, D. Sprüche v. Eingehen in d. Reich Gs.: ZNW 27, 1928, 163–92.—εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσιν enter into rest Hb 3:11, 18; 4:1, 3, 5f, 10f (all Ps 94:11). μέχρι δουλείας εἰσελθεῖν even to the extent of slavery 1 Cl 4:9. Of Christ εἰ. εἰς τ. δόξαν αὐτοῦ into his glory Lk 24:26. Of temptations εἰ. εἰς πειρασμόν come into temptation Mt 26:41; Lk 22:40, 46; εἰς χαράν Mt 25:21, 23; Pol 1:3. εἰς τὸν κόπον τινός enter into someone’s labor, i.e. enjoy the fruit of another’s labor J 4:38 (cp. Pr 23:10).—W. this usage, too (s. 1aδ above), the goal need not be mentioned, but can be implied Mt 7:13; 23:13; Lk 11:52 (cp. 3 Macc 1:12); Ro 11:25.

③ to happen, with focus on initial aspect, happen, develop, of thoughts: εἰσῆλθεν δὲ διαλογισμὸς ἐν αὐτοῖς an argument arose among them Lk 9:46. εἰς τὰ ὦτά τινος come to someone’s ears (Ps 17:7) Js 5:4; reach into Hb 6:19.—M-M. TW.

θανατόω fut. θανατώσω; 1 aor. ἐθανάτωσα. Pass.: 1 fut. θανατωθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἐθανατώθην; pf. τεθανάτωμαι LXX (s. prec. entry; Aeschyl., Hdt. et al.; LXX; TestSol 20:5; 22:20 P; Philo, Joseph., Test12Patr, Just.)

① to cause cessation of life, put to death lit. τινά kill someone, hand someone over to be killed, esp. of the death sentence and its execution (as X., An. 2, 6, 4; Pla., Leg. 9, p. 872c; Aelian, VH 5, 18; Ex 21:12ff; Sus 28; 1 Macc 1:57; 4 Macc 8:25) Mt 10:21; 26:59; 27:1; Mk 13:12; 14:55. The obj. acc. is easily supplied in θανατώσουσιν ἐξ ὑμῶν they will put some of you to death Lk 21:16. Pass. 2 Cor 6:9 (for the wordplay ἀποθνῄσκοντες … καὶ μὴ θανατούμενοι dying … but not under penalty of death cp. Ps.-Callisth. 1, 33, 11 p. 36, 21 θανὼν καὶ μὴ θανών); 1 Pt 3:18; 1 Cl 12:2; B 12:2; Dg 5:12. Be in danger of death Ro 8:36 (Ps 43:23.—Vi. Aesopi W 9 P. of ill treatment over a period of time: κατὰ πᾶσαν ἀποκτείνεις ἡμέραν).

② to cause total cessation of an activity, put to death, extirpate (Lycurgus 61 πολεώς ἐστι θάνατος ἀνάστατον=destruction spells a city’s death) fig. ext. of 1 τὶ someth. τὰς πράξεις τοῦ σώματος Ro 8:13.

③ to cause death that transcends the physical, bring death

ⓐ of spiritual or eternal death 1 Cl 39:7 (Job 5:2); Hs 9, 20, 4. θ. τινὰ ἔν τινι bring death to someone by someth. m 12, 1, 3; cp. 12, 2, 2.

ⓑ of the death that the believer dies through mystic unity w. the body of the crucified Christ; τῷ νόμῳ (dat. of disadvantage) Ro 7:4 (on rabb. associations s. WDiezinger, NovT 5, ’62, 268–98).—DELG s.v. θάνατος. EDNT. TW.

1) Poetical language: The City of Eternal Spring (Мексика)

2) Geography: Cuernavaca (Мексика)

1) Poetical language: (г.) The City of Eternal Spring (Мексика)

2) Geography: (г.) Cuernavaca (Мексика)