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1 ACUTE
tereva (fine, piercing); ACUTE, ACUTENESS laicë (In the printed Etymologies, a similar word is also the adjective "keen, sharp, acute", but according to VT45:25, this is a misreading; the final vowel of the adjective should be -a, not -ë. However, the conceptual validity of the adjective laica, and therefore also the corresponding noun laicë, is questionable; see PIERCING.) –TER, LAIK -
2 BLOCK
\#tap- (stop). (Cited in the form tapë, 3 pers sg aorist; misreading "tápe" with a long vowel in the Etymologies as printed in LR: see VT46:17). The pa.t. tampë is given. –TAP/VT46:17 -
3 CELEBRINDAL
("Silver-foot", Idril's epithet) Taltyelemna ("Taltelemna" in the printed Etymologies is a misreading, see VT45:25) Tolkien apparently abandoned the form Taltelepsa. –KYELEP -
4 COLD
(adj) ringa (so in MC:222 and LT1:265; Etym has ringë, stem *ringi-), (damp, chilly), yelwa (but this is glossed "loathsome" elsewhere). IT IS COLD Ringa ná (VT49:23). COLD (noun?) niquë, also vb niquë- "it is cold, it freezes"; COLD POOL OR LAKE (in mountains) ringwë (in the Etymologies as printed in LR, this word is cited as "ringe", but according to VT46:11, ringwë is the proper reading), BE COLD, CHILL (of weather) nicu- –MC:222, RINGI/VT46:11, LT1:260, WJ:417 -
5 CROWN
ríë; CROWNED rína; STAR-CROWNED, CROWNED WITH STARS (a name of Taniquetil) Elerrína (so in Silm; Etym has Elerína) –RIG/VT46:11 (VT confirming that the proper reading is ríë with a long vowel, not "rie" as in the Etymologies as printed in LR), EL, Silm:42 -
6 DAY
aurë (sunlight; Etym gives arë, ari- instead). The word aurë is defined as “a day (of light), a day of special meaning or festival”; allative aurenna “upon the day” (VT49:45). Cf. also: arya (= 12 daylight hours; notice however that the word arya is assigned other meanings in late material), ré (= 24 hours, counted from sunset to sunset, allative rénna in VT49:45), sana (= also 24 hours, but this “Qenya” term clashes with a later demonstrative “that”), DAYTIME arië, EARLY DAY †amaurëa (dawn), DAYLIGHT: LT1:254 gives calma, but this word is defined "lamp" in LotR. LAST DAY OF YEAR quantien, FIRST DAY (meaning obscure, possibly first day of year) minyen. (In the entry YEN of the Etymologies as printed in LR, minyen is seemingly glossed both "first day" and "first year", but according to VT46:23, only "first day" is correct.) DAYSPRING tuilë –AR1/VT45:6, Silm:229/234/439, LotR:1141, LT1:250, MC:223, YEN -
7 DOT
pica (small spot), tixë (tiny mark, point), amatixë (point over the line of writing; variant amatexë in VT46:19), unutixë (point under the line of writing; the initial element unu- was misread as "nun-" in the Etymologies as printed in LR, see VT46:19) –PIK, TIK/VT46:19 -
8 DOVE
cucua –KŪ (in the Etymologies as printed in LR, this noun is erroneously split into two words, "ku" and "kua" instead of "kukua"; see VT45:24) -
9 END
(noun) metta, mentë, tyel (stem tyeld- as in the pl. tyeldi, misread as "tyelde" in the printed Etymologies; see VT45:25), tyelma, telu; THE ENDING OF THE WORLD Ambar-metta, ambarmetta; END (vb) tele- (intransitive) (finish – so in WJ:411; LT1:267 gives telu-), tyel- (cease), PUT AN END TO metya-, HAVE SOME END IN VIEW mína- (desire to go in some direction, wish to go to a place, make for it) –LotR:1003/VT44:36, MET, LT1:267, WJ:411, KYEL/VT45:25, VT39:11 -
10 FLOURISH
(noun) rincë (stem *rinci-) (quick stroke) –RIK, VT46:11 (the latter source indicating that the proper reading is "quick stroke", not "quick shake" as in the Etymologies as printed in LR) -
11 FOREIGN
ettelëa ("ettelen" in the printed Etymologies is probably a misreading; see VT45:12); this word may also be a noun "stranger", q.v. FOREIGN PARTS ettelë (outer lands) (but the Quenya word is singular) –ET, VT45:12 -
12 GLITTER
(vb) mirilya-; GLITTERING rilya (in the Etymologies as printed in LR, this word also seemed to be glossed "brilliance", but according to VT46:11, this gloss properly refers to another word), GLITTERING LIGHT rilma; GLITTERING REFLECTION (from jewels, glass, polished metals, or water) nalta (radiance – alata in Silm:433 is the Telerin form. In PM:347, nalta is spelt with initial ñ, that is, ng. Initial ng had become n in Third Age Quenya, and I follow the system of LotR and transcribe it accordingly. But if this word is written in Tengwar, the initial n should be transcribed with the letter noldo, not númen.) –MBIRIL, RIL/VT46:11, PM:347 -
13 GO
lelya- or lenna- (pa.t. lendë in both cases; the printed Etymologies gives "linna" instad of lenna-, but according to VT45:27 this is a misreading) (proceed, travel); \#men- (attested in the aorist: menë "goes"), vanya- (pa.t. vannë) (depart, disappear – it may be that Tolkien abandoned the verb vanya-, if it is regarded as the conceptual predecessor of auta-, see GO AWAY below), GO ROUND pel- (revolve, return; the Silmarillion Appendix also mentions “encircle” as a meaning of the root PEL, cf. also “Qenya” pele- “surround, fence in, pen in”; pa.t. pellë given, QL:73). GO OVER, see CROSS. GO ATHWART tara- (cross); GO AWAY auta- (leave, pass); pa.t. oantë, perf. oantië (in the physical sense "went away [to another place]", vánë ("the most frequently used past [tense]" – less "physical" than oantë, rather meaning to be lost or to disappear), also anwë (this pa.t. was "only found in archaic language"), perf. avánië (pl. avánier is attested); perf. vánië with no augment may occur in verse. GO FORTH TOWARDS (with the thing approached as direct object) tenta-, pa.t. tentanë (the verb can also mean “direct toward” or “be directed toward”, in the intransitive tense apparently with the pa.t. tenantë). CAUSE TO GO (in a desired direction) menta- (send), GONE vanwa (departed, vanished, dead, lost, past and over, no longer to be had) BE GONE! heca! – also with pronominal affixes: sg hecat, pl hecal "you be gone!" (stand aside!) LET GO lerya- (release, set free), sen- (let loose, free) –WJ:363, LED/VT45:27, VT47:11, 30, PEL, LT2:347, WAN, Nam, WJ:364, VT41:5, VT49:23, WJ:366, VT41:5, VT43:18 -
14 HUNT
(noun), HUNTING roimë (the misreading "raime" occurs in the Etymologies as printed in LR; see VT46:12 for this correction). No verb "to hunt" is given in Etym, but roita- "pursue" is derived from the same stem and can probably be translated *"hunt" as well. LT1:260 has rauta- "hunt". –ROY1 -
15 ICE
helcë; ICE-COLD helca (the final –a is missing in the printed Etymologies, entry KHEL, but VT45:21 confirms that this is a typo; the full form also occurs in LT1:254 and Silm) –LT1:254/Silm:433/KHEL -
16 IMPULSE
felmë (emotion), hórë; BODY-IMPULSE hroafelmë (impulses provided by the body, e.g. physical fear, hunger, thirst, sexual desire), SPIRIT-IMPULSE fëafelmë (impulses originating with the spirit, e.g. love, pity, anger, hate); IMPULSIVE hórëa (the gloss "impulsion" in the printed Etymologies is a misreading, VT45:22); HAVE AN IMPULSE horya- (be compelled to do something, set vigorously out to do) –KHOR, VT41:19 cf. 13, VT45:22 -
17 ISLAND, ISLE
lóna, tol (stem toll- as in the pl tolli; the plural was misread as "tolle" in the Etymologies as printed in LR, see VT46:19). According to Silm:438, tol is used of islands "rising with sheer sides from the sea or from a river". LT1:269 defines a tol as "any rise standing alone in water, plain of green, etc.") STEEP ISLE tollë (apparently simply the fuller form of tol). THE LONELY ISLE Tol Eressëa (tol "isle" often being omitted) –LONO, TOL/VT46:19/VT47:13, 26, RGEO:70 -
18 KEEN
laica (the printed Etymologies has a final –e instead of –a, but this is a misreading; see VT45:25) (sharp, acute, *piercing); KEENNESS (of perception) laicë (acuteness). The conceptual validity of these words is questionable; see PIERCING. –LAIK -
19 LAKE
ailin (pool) (LT2:339 also has ailo), ringwë (cold lake, pool [in mountains]). In the Etymologies as printed in LR, this word is cited as "ringe", but according to VT46:11, ringwë is the proper reading. –AY/LT2:339, RINGI/VT46:11 -
20 LOOSE
lenca- (in the printed Etymologies, the n of this word was misread as u, VT45:27), lehta- (slacken). LET LOOSE sen- (let go, free) –LEK, VT43:18
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