-
81 quén(quen-)
as in pl. queni; as final element in compounds -quen noun "one, somebody, person, individual, man or woman", pl. queni = "persons", "some people", "they" with the most general meaning as in "they = people in general say that...". The element is combined with noun and adjective stems in old compounds to denote habitual occupations or functions, or to describe those having some notable permanent quality; examples include roquen, ciryaquen, arquen, q.v. Also in aiquen whoever, ilquen everybody WJ:361 cf. 360, 372. -
82 únë
vb., the pa.t. of ua-, q.v. Only attested with a 1st person sg. pronominal suffix: únen. -
83 -mmo
we two, abandoned pronominal suffix for the 1st person dual exclusive, which ending Tolkien later revised to -mmë VT49:48. -
84 -lma
pronominal ending our, 1st person pl. exclusive VT49:16, also attested with the genitive ending -o that displaces final -a in the word omentielmo "of our meeting" nominative omentielma, PE17:58. Tolkien emended omentielmo to omentielvo in the Second Edition of LotR, reflecting a revision of the Quenya pronominal system cf. VT49:38, 49, Letters:447. The cluster -lm- in the endings for inclusive "we/our" was altered to -lv- VT43:14. In the revised system, -lma should apparently signify exclusive "our". -
85 -mmë
we, 1st person dual exclusive pronominal ending: *I and one other compare the inclusive dual form -ngwë or -nquë. First written -immë in one source VT49:57. Carimmë, *the two of us do VT49:16, cf. VT43:6. At an earlier conceptual stage, the ending was already exclusive, but plural rather than dual: vammë "we won't" WJ:371, firuvammë "we will die" VT43:34, etemmë ?"out of us" VT43:36; see also VT49:48, 49, 55. Also compare the corresponding emphatic pronoun emmë q.v.. The ending -lmë replaced -mmë in its former plural exclusive sense. In some early material, -mmë was apparently used as an ending for plural inclusive we VT49:55. -
86 erdë
1 noun "seed, germ" ERÉD, VT45:12 2 noun "singularity", the person as a whole MR:216 3 noun "repose" marked by Tolkien with an "X", perhaps indicating that he considered dropping this form to eliminate homophones VT46:12. Compare sérë. -
87 -lwa
possessive pronominal ending, 1st person pl. inclusive our VT49:16, later in exilic Quenya used in the form \#-lva, genitive -lvo in omentielvo see -lv-. -
88 -lta
and -ltya, 3rd person pl. pronominal possessive suffix their, alternating with -nta/-ntya in Tolkiens writings VT49:16, 17, just as the ending -ltë they also has the variant -ntë. According to VT49:17, the ending -lta or -ltya will appear as -ilta, -iltya following a consonant; other sources rather point to -e- as the connecting vowel in such cases VT49:17. -
89 -wë
a suffix occurring in many personal names, generally but not exclusively masculine Elenwë is the sole certain example of a fem. name with this ending; it is derived from a stem simply meaning "person" PM:340, WJ:399. In Etym, -wë is simply defined as an element that is frequent in masculine names, and it is there derived from a stem WEG having to do with "manly vigour". -
90 -ndil
ending that Tolkien likened to Old English "-wine", sc. "-friend" as part of names, e.g. Elendil, Eärendil NIL/NDIL; see the entry -ndil. Also long -dildo VT46:4, and possibly -ndilmë as the corresponding feminine form see Vardilmë. also -dil ending occurring in many names, like Amandil, Eärendil; it implies devotion or disinterested love and may be translated "friend" SA:noundil; this ending is "describing the attitude of one to a person, thing, course or occupation to which one is devoted for its own sake" Letters:386. Compare -ndur. It is unclear whether the names derived with the ending -ndil are necessarily masculine, though we have no certain example of a woman's name in -ndil; the name Vardilmë q.v. may suggest that the corresponding feminine ending is -ndilmë. -
91 -illo
you two, abandoned promoninal ending for the polite 2nd person dual; in later sources the relevant ending is rather -stë VT49:48. This -illo was changed from -llo. Compare -ilco. -
92 Mandos(Mandost-)
noun "Castle of Custody" the approximate meaning, according to MR:350. Used as the name of a Vala, properly the place where he dwells the Halls of Mandos, whereas his real name is Námo WJ:402. In Tolkiens mythology, the Halls of Mandos are the abode of the dead, where their spirits remain until they are released from this world in the case of mortals or rebodied in the case of Elves except for those who are refused or themselves refuse further incarnate life, and so remain in Mandos indefinitely. In the Etymologies, Mandos also Mandossë is interpreted somewhat differently, "Dread Imprisoner"MBAD MANAD,VT45:32 or in a deleted version "Dread Doom" VT45:33, where Mandos was asigned the stem Mandosse-. The interpretation Dread Imprisoner would suggest that Tolkien at the time thought of Mandos as being also properly the name of a person, the Vala Námo, not the name of a place. See also Mando. -
93 ui
interjection no originally an endingless negative verb in the 3rd person aorist: it is not so; see \#u-. Apparently this is the word for no used to deny that something is true compare vá, which is rather used to reject orders, or to issue negative orders. VT49:28Compare uito. -
94 -li
partitive pl. ending simply called a plural suffix in the Etymologies, stem LI. The ending is used to indicate a plural that is neither generic e.g. Eldar the Elves as a race nor definite preceded by article; hence Eldali is used for some Elves a particular group of Elves, when they are first mentioned in a narrative, VT49:8. Sometimes Tolkien also lets -li imply a great number; in PE17:129, the form falmalinnar from Namárië is broken down as falma-uli/u-nnar foam wave-umany/u-towards-pl. ending, and falmali by itself Tolkien translated many waves PE17:73. A distinct accusative in -līseems to occur in the phrase an i falmalīPE17:127, apparently meaning the same as i falmalinnar, but replacing the allative ending with a preposition. Genitive -lion in vanimálion, malinornélion q.v. for reference, allative -linna and -linnar in falmalinnar, q.v. The endings for other cases are only known from the Plotz letter: possessive -líva, dative -lin, locative -lissë or -lissen, ablative -lillo or -lillon, instrumental -línen, "short locative" -lis. When the noun ends in a consonant, r and n is assimilated before l, e.g. Casalli as the partitive pl. of Casar Dwarf WJ:402, or elelli as the partitive pl. of elen star PE17:127. It is unclear whether the same happens in monosyllabic words, or whether a connecting vowel would be slipped in before -li e.g. ?queneli or ?quelli as the partitive pl. of quén, quen- person. -
95 yur-
vb. "run" quoted in form yurin, translated "runs", but within Tolkien's later framework it looks like a 1st person aorist "I run" -QL:106 cf. entry YUR in Etym -
96 ngwin
dative pronoun ?"for us" VT21:6-7, 10, VT44:36. Apparently belonging to the 1st person pl. It would be pronounced *nwin at the end of the Third Age, but since Tolkien in another source implies that the 1st pl. exclusive base ñwe had the "independent" stem we- in Quenya VT48:10, we must assume that the dative pronoun should rather be *wen, or in Exilic Quenya *ven. The form ngwin may reflect another conceptual phase when Tolkien meant the nasal element of ñwe to be preserved in Quenya as well. The vowel i rather than e is difficult to account for if the base is to be ñwe. In VT49:55, Carl F. Hosttetter suggests that ngwen rather than ngwin may actually be the correct reading of Tolkiens manuscript. -
97 Elwë
masc. name, *"Star-person" PM:340, WJ:369, WEG, VT45:12. In the pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies, Elwë was also the name of a Tengwa similar in form to Roman c, which in a full-vowel mode denoted a short e. VT45:17; in the Sindarin "Mode of Beleriand", exemplified in the LotR itself, this letter has the value a instead. Elsewhere in the Etymologies itself, this symbol is called Ossë q.v. and is assigned the value o. -
98 Hyarmen
noun "south" SA, SA:men, KHYAR, literally lefthand-direction VT49:12, since the Elves named the directions as they were to a person facing the Blessed Realm in the WestAlso name of tengwa \#33 Appendix E. In Hyarmendacil masc.name, "South-victor" Appendix A, apparently also in the place-name Hyarmentir name of a mountain; the element -tir means *"watching point". SA Hyarnustar "the Southwestlands" of Númenor; Hyarrostar the "Southeastlands" UT:165 -
99 -ngwa
our, 1st person dual inclusive possessive pronominal ending: *thy and my, corresponding to the ending -ngwë for dual inclusive we VT49:16 -
100 insë
*"himself" and *"herself", 3rd person sg. personal reflexive pronoun, apparently covering both genders, e.g. *tiris insë "she watches him/herself" but apparently the general reflexive pronoun immo may also be used, and it may even be preferable since the cluster ns seems unusual for Quenya. Compare insa, the corresponding impersonal form. Insë is derived from earlier imsë, a form that was possibly also used in Quenya unless "imse" in Tolkien's manuscript is intended as an etymological form only, though it is not asterisked VT47:37
См. также в других словарях:
Person Centred Planning — Person Centered Planning(PCP) is a process designed to assist someone to make plans for their future. It is used most often as a life planning model to enable individuals with disabilities or otherwise requiring support to increase their personal … Wikipedia
Person-to-person lending — (also known as peer to peer lending, peer to peer investing, and social lending; abbreviated frequently as P2P lending) is a certain breed of financial transaction (primarily lending and borrowing, though other more complicated transactions can… … Wikipedia
person — per·son n 1: natural person 2: the body of a human being; also: the body and clothing of a human being had drugs on his person 3: one (as a human being or corporation) that is recognized by law as the subject of rights and duties see also … Law dictionary
Person — • Discusses (1) the definition of person , especially with reference to the doctrine of the Incarnation; and (2) the use of the word persona and its Greek equivalents in connection with the Trinitarian disputes. Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin… … Catholic encyclopedia
Person — Per son, n. [OE. persone, persoun, person, parson, OF. persone, F. personne, L. persona a mask (used by actors), a personage, part, a person, fr. personare to sound through; per + sonare to sound. See {Per }, and cf. {Parson}.] 1. A character or… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Person-centered therapy — Intervention MeSH D009629 … Wikipedia
person — per‧son [ˈpɜːsn ǁ ˈpɜːr ] also ˌlegal ˈperson noun persons PLURALFORM [countable] LAW a person or group of people who have certain rights and duties: • In Scotland, a firm is a legal person distinct from the partners of the firm. ˌartificial… … Financial and business terms
Person-centered psychotherapy — Person Centered Therapy (PCT), also known as Client centered therapy or Rogerian Psychotherapy, was developed by the humanist psychologist Carl Rogers in the 1940s and 1950s. The basic elements of Rogerian therapy involve showing congruence… … Wikipedia
Person (Begriffsklärung) — Person steht für Person, soziale Rolle Person ist Familienname von Christian Person (Amtsschösser) (1594–1655), kursächsischer Beamter Christian Person (Torwart) (* 1980), deutscher Fußball Torwart Chuck Person (* 1964), US amerikanischer… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Person-fit analysis — is a technique for determining if the person s results on a given test are valid.The purpose of a person fit analysis is to detect item score vectors that are unlikely given a hypothesized test theory model such as item response theory, or… … Wikipedia
Person of Interest — Titre original Person of Interest Genre Série Dramatique, d action, d espionnage, thriller Créateur(s) Jonathan Nolan Production Athena Wickham Margo Lulick Producteurs exécutifs … Wikipédia en Français
