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1 AGAINST
According to VT44:26, Tolkien in some documents glosses apa or pá as "touching, against", but apa is normally the preposition "after" instead (see AFTER). The allative case in -nna is normally sufficient to express motion towards or against something. Possibly this ending can also take on the meaning of “against” with connotations of enmity and confrontation, as when the pl. allative valannar is used in the phrase *“made war on/against the Valar” (LR:47). -
2 FORCE
(noun, = pressure to do something against one's will or conscience) sahtië (Þ) (pressure) –VT43:22 (in a given direction) (vb.) nir- (thrust, press). ("Though applicable to the pressure of a person on others, by mind and 'will' as well as by physical strength, [this verb] could also be used of physical pressures exerted by inanimates.") Given as a 1st person aorist nirin. Pa.t. probably *nindë since the R of nir- was originally D (the base is given as NID; compare rer- pa.t. rendë from RED concerning the past tense; see SOW). –VT41:17 -
3 INDUCE
sahta- (Þ) (referring primarily to inducing someone to do something against their will or conscience). –VT43:22 -
4 PRESSURE
(to do something against one's will or conscience) sahtië (Þ) (force) –VT43:22 -
5 PRIVACY
aquapahtië (literally *"fully-closedness", used of a mind that closes itself against telepathic communication) –VT39:23
См. также в других словарях:
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Against — Студийный альбом Se … Википедия
