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(more+than+is+necessary)

  • 101 Wert

    Adj. worth; altm. (lieb) dear; (geschätzt) esteemed, valued; etw. wert sein be worth s.th.; (einer Sache würdig sein) be worthy of s.th.; viel wert worth a lot; nichts wert worthless; das ist schon viel wert that’s a great step forward; das ist einen Versuch wert it’s worth a try; es ist viel wert zu wissen, dass... it’s good to know that...; er hat es nicht für wert gefunden, mich zu informieren he didn’t consider it necessary to inform me; das Buch ist wert, dass man es liest is worth reading; er ist es nicht wert, dass man ihm hilft he doesn’t deserve to be helped; das ist die Sache nicht wert it isn’t worth it; einer näheren Betrachtung etc. wert sein worth a closer look etc.; sie ist seiner nicht wert she is not worthy of him; ich bin heute nicht viel wert umg. I’m not up to much today; Mühe, Rede etc.
    * * *
    der Wert
    worth; use; value; currency
    * * *
    [veːɐt]
    m -(e)s, -e
    1) value; (esp menschlicher) worth; (von Banknoten, Briefmarken) denomination; (= Wertsache) article of value, valuable object

    einen Wért von 5 Euro haben — to be worth 5 euros, to have a value of 5 euros

    im Wért(e) von — to the value of, worth

    an Wért verlieren/zunehmen, im Wért sinken/steigen — to decrease/increase in value, to depreciate/appreciate (esp Econ)

    eine Sache unter/über (ihrem wirklichen) Wért verkaufen — to sell sth for less/more than its true value

    sie hat innere Wérte — she has certain inner qualities

    legen (fig)to set great store by sth (esp Brit), to attach importance to sth

    ich lege Wért darauf, festzustellen, dass... — I think it important to establish that...

    das hat keinen Wért (inf)there's no point

    2) usu pl (von Test, Analyse) result
    * * *
    der
    1) (a value (of a stamp, coin etc): banknotes of all denominations.) denomination
    2) (a good point or quality: His speech had at least the merit of being short.) merit
    3) (value: These books are of little or no worth; She sold fifty dollars' worth of tickets.) worth
    4) ((with of) deserving: She was not worthy of the honour given to her.) worthy
    5) (equal in value to: Each of these stamps is worth a cent.) worth
    6) (good enough for: His suggestion is worth considering: The exhibition is well worth a visit.) worth
    8) (worth, importance or usefulness: His special knowledge was of great value during the war; She sets little value on wealth.) value
    9) (price: What is the value of that stamp?) value
    10) (purchasing power: Are those coins of any value?) value
    * * *
    <-[e]s, -e>
    [ve:ɐ̯t]
    m
    die \Werte fielen um 3 Punkte zurück prices dropped by 3 points
    Handel in unnotierten \Werten off-board [or off-floor] trading
    gemeiner \Wert ordinary value
    innerer \Wert des Unternehmens the company's net worth
    kapitalisierter \Wert capitalized value
    sächlicher \Wert commodity value
    einen bestimmtem \Wert/einen \Wert von... haben to have a certain value/a value of..., to be worth [or valued at] sth
    im \Wert steigen, an \Wert zunehmen to increase in value
    an \Wert verlieren, im \Wert sinken to decrease in value
    im \Werte von etw dat worth [or to the value of] sth
    über/unter \Wert above/below its value
    2. pl (Daten) results pl
    4. (Wichtigkeit) value
    [bestimmten] \Wert auf etw akk legen to attach [a certain] value [or importance] to sth
    [besonderen/gesteigerten] \Wert darauf legen, etw zu tun to find it [especially/increasingly] important to do sth
    etw dat einen bestimmten \Wert beilegen [o beimessen] (geh) to attach a certain significance to sth
    6. MATH, INFORM (Zahlenwert) value
    binärer \Wert binary variable
    7.
    das hat keinen \Wert (fam) it's useless fam, that won't help us
    * * *
    der; Wert[e]s, Werte

    im Wert steigen/fallen — increase/decrease in value

    an Wert gewinnen/verlieren — gain/lose in value

    im Wert[e] von... — worth...

    etwas unter [seinem] Wert verkaufen — sell something for less than its value

    einer Sache (Dat.) großen Wert beimessen — attach great value to something

    sich (Dat.) seines [eigenen] Wertes bewußt sein — be conscious of one's own importance

    das hat [doch] keinen Wert! — (ugs.): (ist sinnlos) there's no point

    Wert auf etwas (Akk.) legen — set great store by or on something

    2) Plural objects of value
    3) (Briefmarke) denomination
    * * *
    Wert m; -(e)s, -e
    1. value ( auch PHYS, MATH, TECH);
    2. (Wichtigkeit) importance; (Qualität) quality; (Vorzug) merit; (Nutzen, Zweck) use;
    geistige Werte spiritual values;
    innere Werte haben im Gegensatz zu äußerer Schönheit etc, Person: be a really nice person, have attractive personal qualities; (interessant und lebendig sein) have personality;
    sie hat innere Werte she’s a really nice person, she’s got personality;
    Werte vermitteln besonders SCHULE teach ( oder pass on oder transmit) values;
    zu Werten erziehen besonders SCHULE bring up to have values;
    (großen) Wert legen auf attach (great) importance to, set (great) store by;
    ich lege Wert darauf festzustellen, dass … I would like to stress that …;
    keinen gesteigerten Wert auf etwas legen wörtlich: not attach much importance to sth, not set much store by sth; fig (etwas nicht mögen) not be overfond of sth, not care overmuch for sth;
    das hat keinen praktischen Wert that’s of no practical use ( oder value);
    das hat keinen Wert umg it’s pointless;
    es hat keinen Wert zu streiten etc umg there’s no point in arguing; Unwert
    3. nur sg; (Gegenwert) equivalent;
    im Werte von to the value of, worth;
    Waren im Werte von 300 Dollar 300 dollars worth of goods, goods to the value of 300 dollars;
    im Wert sinken/steigen go down/up in value, lose value/gain in value;
    etwas über/unter Wert verkaufen sell sth for more/less than its true value;
    sich unter Wert verkaufen fig sell o.s. short
    4. WIRTSCH (Vermögenswert) asset; FIN (Tag) value;
    Werte (Aktiva) assets, (Wertpapiere) securities, stocks
    5. MED count;
    der PSA-Wert ist gestiegen the PSA count has risen; Leberwerte etc
    * * *
    der; Wert[e]s, Werte

    im Wert steigen/fallen — increase/decrease in value

    an Wert gewinnen/verlieren — gain/lose in value

    im Wert[e] von... — worth...

    etwas unter [seinem] Wert verkaufen — sell something for less than its value

    einer Sache (Dat.) großen Wert beimessen — attach great value to something

    sich (Dat.) seines [eigenen] Wertes bewußt sein — be conscious of one's own importance

    das hat [doch] keinen Wert! — (ugs.): (ist sinnlos) there's no point

    Wert auf etwas (Akk.) legen — set great store by or on something

    2) Plural objects of value
    3) (Briefmarke) denomination
    * * *
    -e m.
    account n.
    sign n.
    ups n.
    value n.
    virtue n.
    worth n.
    worthiness n. -e Angebot (Econ.) n.
    value proposition n.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Wert

  • 102 rotura

    f.
    1 break.
    2 breaking, break, breakage, rupture.
    3 laceration, breakage.
    pres.indicat.
    3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: roturar.
    imperat.
    2nd person singular (tú) Imperative of Spanish verb: roturar.
    * * *
    1 (gen) break, breaking, crack
    2 (en tela, papel) tear, rip
    3 MEDICINA fracture
    * * *
    noun f.
    break, tear
    * * *
    SF
    1) [de objeto]
    2) (Med)
    3) [en tela] tear, rip
    * * *
    a) ( acción)
    b) ( efecto)

    tiene una rotura en la manga — (CS) it has a rip in the sleeve

    * * *
    = breakdown, defacement, tear, rupture, fracture.
    Ex. Moreover, it would have been subject to frequent breakdown, for at that time and long after complexity and unreliability were synonymous.
    Ex. Finally, a few copies of an edition seem generally to have slipped through with their cancellanda uncancelled, so that examples of the original settings may sometimes be found (occasionally slashed by the warehouse keeper's shears, deliberate defacement which escaped notice).
    Ex. The best concentration of PVA solutions for restoring is 8 per cent for mending tears and suturing cuts.
    Ex. Nosebleeds are caused by the rupture of a small blood vessel called a capillary in the nose.
    Ex. In soccer, females injured their toe 17% more than males and sustained 19% more fractures.
    ----
    * rotura mecánica = mechanical breakdown.
    * * *
    a) ( acción)
    b) ( efecto)

    tiene una rotura en la manga — (CS) it has a rip in the sleeve

    * * *
    = breakdown, defacement, tear, rupture, fracture.

    Ex: Moreover, it would have been subject to frequent breakdown, for at that time and long after complexity and unreliability were synonymous.

    Ex: Finally, a few copies of an edition seem generally to have slipped through with their cancellanda uncancelled, so that examples of the original settings may sometimes be found (occasionally slashed by the warehouse keeper's shears, deliberate defacement which escaped notice).
    Ex: The best concentration of PVA solutions for restoring is 8 per cent for mending tears and suturing cuts.
    Ex: Nosebleeds are caused by the rupture of a small blood vessel called a capillary in the nose.
    Ex: In soccer, females injured their toe 17% more than males and sustained 19% more fractures.
    * rotura mecánica = mechanical breakdown.

    * * *
    1
    (acción): la explosión provocó la rotura del oleoducto the pipeline ruptured o split o burst as a result of the explosion
    sufrió rotura de cadera she suffered a broken o fractured hip, she broke o fractured her hip
    2
    (efecto): el diagnóstico es rotura de ligamentos it has been diagnosed as torn ligaments
    tiene una rotura en la manga (CS); it has a rip in the sleeve
    * * *

     

    Del verbo roturar: ( conjugate roturar)

    rotura es:

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo

    2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo

    Multiple Entries:
    rotura    
    roturar
    rotura sustantivo femenino:

    sufrió rotura de cadera she fractured her hip;
    tiene rotura de ligamentos she has torn ligaments;
    tiene una rotura en la manga (CS) it has a rip in the sleeve
    rotura sustantivo femenino
    1 (de un objeto) breakage
    (de un hueso) fracture
    rotura de ligamentos, torn ligaments
    2 (en un objeto) break, crack
    (en una prenda) tear, rip
    roturar verbo transitivo to plough (up), US plow

    ' rotura' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    raja
    - siete
    English:
    break
    - breakage
    - breakup
    - burst
    - tear
    * * *
    rotura nf
    [de hueso] fracture; [en tela] rip, hole;
    sufre una rotura de ligamentos he has torn ligaments;
    la rotura de la correa del ventilador obligó a interrumpir el viaje the fan belt snapped o went, making it necessary to interrupt the journey
    rotura del servicio [en tenis] service break
    * * *
    f breakage;
    * * *
    rotura nf
    : break, tear, fracture
    * * *
    rotura n break

    Spanish-English dictionary > rotura

  • 103 дистанционное техническое обслуживание

    1. remote sevice
    2. remote maintenance

     

    дистанционное техническое обслуживание
    Техническое обслуживание объекта, проводимое под управлением персонала без его непосредственного присутствия.
    [ОСТ 45.152-99 ]

    Параллельные тексты EN-RU из ABB Review. Перевод компании Интент

    Service from afar

    Дистанционный сервис

    ABB’s Remote Service concept is revolutionizing the robotics industry

    Разработанная АББ концепция дистанционного обслуживания Remote Service революционизирует робототехнику

    ABB robots are found in industrial applications everywhere – lifting, packing, grinding and welding, to name a few. Robust and tireless, they work around the clock and are critical to a company’s productivity. Thus, keeping these robots in top shape is essential – any failure can lead to serious output consequences. But what happens when a robot malfunctions?

    Роботы АББ используются во всех отраслях промышленности для перемещения грузов, упаковки, шлифовки, сварки – всего и не перечислить. Надежные и неутомимые работники, способные трудиться день и ночь, они представляют большую ценность для владельца. Поэтому очень важно поддерживать их в надлежащей состоянии, ведь любой отказ может иметь серьезные последствия. Но что делать, если робот все-таки сломался?

    ABB’s new Remote Service concept holds the answer: This approach enables a malfunctioning robot to alarm for help itself. An ABB service engineer then receives whole diagnostic information via wireless technology, analyzes the data on a Web site and responds with support in just minutes. This unique service is paying off for customers and ABB alike, and in the process is revolutionizing service thinking.

    Ответом на этот вопрос стала новая концепция Remote Service от АББ, согласно которой неисправный робот сам просит о помощи. C помощью беспроводной технологии специалист сервисной службы АББ получает всю необходимую диагностическую информацию, анализирует данные на web-сайте и через считанные минуты выдает рекомендации по устранению отказа. Эта уникальная возможность одинаково ценна как для заказчиков, так и для самой компании АББ. В перспективе она способна в корне изменить весь подход к организации технического обслуживания.

    Every minute of production downtime can have financially disastrous consequences for a company. Traditional reactive service is no longer sufficient since on-site service engineer visits also demand great amounts of time and money. Thus, companies not only require faster help from the service organization when needed but they also want to avoid disturbances in production.

    Каждая минута простоя производства может привести к губительным финансовым последствиям. Традиционная организация сервиса, предусматривающая ликвидацию возникающих неисправностей, становится все менее эффективной, поскольку вызов сервисного инженера на место эксплуатации робота сопряжен с большими затратами времени и денег. Предприятия требуют от сервисной организации не только более быстрого оказания помощи, но и предотвращения возможных сбоев производства.

    In 2006, ABB developed a new approach to better meet customer’s expectations: Using the latest technologies to reach the robots at customer sites around the world, ABB could support them remotely in just minutes, thereby reducing the need for site visits. Thus the new Remote Service concept was quickly brought to fruition and was launched in mid-2007. Statistics show that by using the system the majority of production stoppages can be avoided.

    В 2006 г. компания АББ разработала новый подход к удовлетворению ожиданий своих заказчиков. Использование современных технологий позволяет специалистам АББ получать информацию от роботов из любой точки мира и в считанные минуты оказывать помощь дистанционно, в результате чего сокращается количество выездов на место установки. Запущенная в середине 2007 г. концепция Remote Service быстро себя оправдала. Статистика показывает, что её применение позволило предотвратить большое число остановок производства.

    Reactive maintenance The hardware that makes ABB Remote Service possible consists of a communication unit, which has a function similar to that of an airplane’s so-called black box 1. This “service box” is connected to the robot’s control system and can read and transmit diagnostic information. The unit not only reads critical diagnostic information that enables immediate support in the event of a failure, but also makes it possible to monitor and analyze the robot’s condition, thereby proactively detecting the need for maintenance.

    Устранение возникающих неисправностей Аппаратное устройство, с помощью которого реализуется концепция Remote Service, представляет собой коммуникационный блок, работающий аналогично черному ящику самолета (рис. 1). Этот блок считывает диагностические данные из контроллера робота и передает их по каналу GSM. Считывается не только информация, необходимая для оказания немедленной помощи в случае отказа, но и сведения, позволяющие контролировать и анализировать состояние робота для прогнозирования неисправностей и планирования технического обслуживания.

    If the robot breaks down, the service box immediately stores the status of the robot, its historical data (as log files), and diagnostic parameters such as temperature and power supply. Equipped with a built-in modem and using the GSM network, the box transmits the data to a central server for analysis and presentation on a dedicated Web site. Alerts are automatically sent to the nearest of ABB’s 1,200 robot service engineers who then accesses the detailed data and error log to analyze the problem.

    При поломке робота сервисный блок немедленно сохраняет данные о его состоянии, сведения из рабочего журнала, а также значения диагностических параметров (температура и характеристики питания). Эти данные передаются встроенным GSM-модемом на центральный сервер для анализа и представления на соответствующем web-сайте. Аварийные сообщения автоматически пересылаются ближайшему к месту аварии одному из 1200 сервисных инженеров-робототехников АББ, который получает доступ к детальной информации и журналу аварий для анализа возникшей проблемы.

    A remotely based ABB engineer can then quickly identify the exact fault, offering rapid customer support. For problems that cannot be solved remotely, the service engineer can arrange for quick delivery of spare parts and visit the site to repair the robot. Even if the engineer must make a site visit, service is faster, more efficient and performed to a higher standard than otherwise possible.

    Специалист АББ может дистанционно идентифицировать отказ и оказать быструю помощь заказчику. Если неисправность не может быть устранена дистанционно, сервисный инженер организовывает доставку запасных частей и выезд ремонтной бригады. Даже если необходимо разрешение проблемы на месте, предшествующая дистанционная диагностика позволяет минимизировать объем работ и сократить время простоя.

    Remote Service enables engineers to “talk” to robots remotely and to utilize tools that enable smart, fast and automatic analysis. The system is based on a machine-to-machine (M2M) concept, which works automatically, requiring human input only for analysis and personalized customer recommendations. ABB was recognized for this innovative solution at the M2M United Conference in Chicago in 2008 Factbox.

    Remote Service позволяет инженерам «разговаривать» с роботами на расстоянии и предоставляет в их распоряжение интеллектуальные средства быстрого автоматизированного анализа. Система основана на основе технологии автоматической связи машины с машиной (M2M), где участие человека сводится к анализу данных и выдаче рекомендаций клиенту. В 2008 г. это инновационное решение от АББ получило приз на конференции M2M United Conference в Чикаго (см. вставку).

    Proactive maintenance 
    Remote Service also allows ABB engineers to monitor and detect potential problems in the robot system and opens up new possibilities for proactive maintenance.

    Прогнозирование неисправностей
    Remote Service позволяет инженерам АББ дистанционно контролировать состояние роботов и прогнозировать возможные неисправности, что открывает новые возможности по организации профилактического обслуживания.

    The service box regularly takes condition measurements. By monitoring key parameters over time, Remote Service can identify potential failures and when necessary notify both the end customer and the appropriate ABB engineer. The management and storage of full system backups is a very powerful service to help recover from critical situations caused, for example, by operator errors.

    Сервисный блок регулярно выполняет диагностические измерения. Непрерывно контролируя ключевые параметры, Remote Service может распознать потенциальные опасности и, при необходимости, оповещать владельца оборудования и соответствующего специалиста АББ. Резервирование данных для возможного отката является мощным средством, обеспечивающим восстановление системы в критических ситуациях, например, после ошибки оператора.

    The first Remote Service installation took place in the automotive industry in the United States and quickly proved its value. The motherboard in a robot cabinet overheated and the rise in temperature triggered an alarm via Remote Service. Because of the alarm, engineers were able to replace a faulty fan, preventing a costly production shutdown.

    Первая система Remote Service была установлена на автозаводе в США и очень скоро была оценена по достоинству. Она обнаружила перегрев материнской платы в шкафу управления роботом и передала сигнал о превышении допустимой температуры, благодаря чему инженеры смогли заменить неисправный вентилятор и предотвратить дорогостоящую остановку производства.

    MyRobot: 24-hour remote access

    Having regular access to a robot’s condition data is also essential to achieving lean production. At any time, from any location, customers can verify their robots’ status and access maintenance information and performance reports simply by logging in to ABB’s MyRobot Web site. The service enables customers to easily compare performances, identify bottlenecks or developing issues, and initiate the most

    Сайт MyRobot: круглосуточный дистанционный доступ
    Для того чтобы обеспечить бесперебойное производство, необходимо иметь регулярный доступ к информации о состоянии робота. Зайдя на соответствующую страницу сайта MyRobot компании АББ, заказчики получат все необходимые данные, включая сведения о техническом обслуживании и отчеты о производительности своего робота. Эта услуга позволяет легко сравнивать данные о производительности, обнаруживать возможные проблемы, а также оптимизировать планирование технического обслуживания и модернизации. С помощью MyRobot можно значительно увеличить выпуск продукции и уменьшить количество выбросов.

    Award-winning solution
    In June 2008, the innovative Remote Service solution won the Gold Value Chain award at the M2M United Conference in Chicago. The value chain award honors successful corporate adopters of M2M (machine–to-machine) technology and highlights the process of combining multiple technologies to deliver high-quality services to customers. ABB won in the categoryof Smart Services.

    Приз за удачное решение
    В июне 2008 г. инновационное решение Remote Service получило награду Gold Value Chain (Золотая цепь) на конференции M2M United Conference в Чикаго. «Золотая цепь» присуждается за успешное масштабное внедрение технологии M2M (машина – машина), а также за достижения в объединении различных технологий для предоставления высококачественных услуг заказчикам. АББ одержала победу в номинации «Интеллектуальный сервис».

    Case study: Tetley Tetley GB Ltd is the world’s second-largest manufacturer and distributor of tea. The company’s manufacturing and distribution business is spread across 40 countries and sells over 60 branded tea bags. Tetley’s UK tea production facility in Eaglescliffe, County Durham is the sole producer of Tetley tea bags 2.

    Пример применения: Tetley Компания TetleyGB Ltd является вторым по величине мировым производителем и поставщиком чая. Производственные и торговые филиалы компании имеются в 40 странах, а продукция распространяется под 60 торговыми марками. Чаеразвесочная фабрика в Иглсклифф, графство Дарем, Великобритания – единственный производитель чая Tetley в пакетиках (рис. 2).

    ABB offers a flexible choice of service agreements for both new and existing robot installations, which can help extend the mean time between failures, shorten the time to repair and lower the cost of automated production.

    Предлагаемые АББ контракты на выполнение технического обслуживания как уже имеющихся, так и вновь устанавливаемых роботов, позволяют значительно увеличить среднюю наработку на отказ, сократить время ремонта и общую стоимость автоматизированного производства.

    Robots in the plant’s production line were tripping alarms and delaying the whole production cycle. The spurious alarms resulted in much unnecessary downtime that was spent resetting the robots in the hope that another breakdown could be avoided. Each time an alarm was tripped, several hours of production time was lost. “It was for this reason that we were keen to try out ABB’s Remote Service agreement,” said Colin Trevor, plant maintenance manager.

    Установленные в технологической линии роботы выдавали аварийные сигналы, задерживающие выполнение производственного цикла. Ложные срабатывания вынуждали перезапускать роботов в надежде предотвратить возможные отказы, в результате чего после каждого аварийного сигнала производство останавливалось на несколько часов. «Именно поэтому мы решили попробовать заключить с АББ контракт на дистанционное техническое обслуживание», – сказал Колин Тревор, начальник технической службы фабрики.

    To prevent future disruptions caused by unplanned downtime, Tetley signed an ABB Response Package service agreement, which included installing a service box and system infrastructure into the robot control systems. Using the Remote Service solution, ABB remotely monitors and collects data on the “wear and tear” and productivity of the robotic cells; this data is then shared with the customer and contributes to smooth-running production cycles.

    Для предотвращения ущерба в результате незапланированных простоев Tetley заключила с АББ контракт на комплексное обслуживание Response Package, согласно которому системы управления роботами были дооборудованы сервисными блоками с необходимой инфраструктурой. С помощью Remote Service компания АББ дистанционно собирает данные о наработке, износе и производительности роботизированных модулей. Эти данные предоставляются заказчику для оптимизации загрузки производственного оборудования.

    Higher production uptime
    Since the implementation of Remote Service, Tetley has enjoyed greatly reduced robot downtime, with no further disruptions caused by unforeseen problems. “The Remote Service package has dramatically changed the plant,” said Trevor. “We no longer have breakdown issues throughout the shift, helping us to achieve much longer periods of robot uptime. As we have learned, world-class manufacturing facilities need world-class support packages. Remote monitoring of our robots helps us to maintain machine uptime, prevent costly downtime and ensures my employees can be put to more valuable use.”

    Увеличение полезного времени
    С момента внедрения Remote Service компания Tetley была приятно удивлена резким сокращением простоя роботов и отсутствием незапланированных остановок производства. «Пакет Remote Service резко изменил ситуацию на предприятии», – сказал Тревор. «Мы избавились от простоев роботов и смогли резко увеличить их эксплуатационную готовность. Мы поняли, что для производственного оборудования мирового класса необходим сервисный пакет мирового класса. Дистанционный контроль роботов помогает нам поддерживать их в рабочем состоянии, предотвращать дорогостоящие простои и задействовать наш персонал для выполнения более важных задач».

    Service access
    Remote Service is available worldwide, connecting more than 500 robots. Companies that have up to 30 robots are often good candidates for the Remote Service offering, as they usually have neither the engineers nor the requisite skills to deal with robotics faults themselves. Larger companies are also enthusiastic about Remote Service, as the proactive services will improve the lifetime of their equipment and increase overall production uptime.

    Доступность сервиса
    Сеть Remote Service охватывает более 700 роботов по всему миру. Потенциальными заказчиками Remote Service являются компании, имеющие до 30 роботов, но не имеющие инженеров и техников, способных самостоятельно устранять их неисправности. Интерес к Remote Service проявляют и более крупные компании, поскольку они заинтересованы в увеличении срока службы и эксплуатационной готовности производственного оборудования.

    In today’s competitive environment, business profitability often relies on demanding production schedules that do not always leave time for exhaustive or repeated equipment health checks. ABB’s Remote Service agreements are designed to monitor its customers’ robots to identify when problems are likely to occur and ensure that help is dispatched before the problem can escalate. In over 60 percent of ABB’s service calls, its robots can be brought back online remotely, without further intervention.

    В условиях современной конкуренции окупаемость бизнеса часто зависит от соблюдения жестких графиков производства, не оставляющих времени для полномасштабных или периодических проверок исправности оборудования. Контракт Remote Service предусматривает мониторинг состояния роботов заказчика для прогнозирования возможных неисправностей и принятие мер по их предотвращению. В более чем 60 % случаев для устранения неисправности достаточно дистанционной консультации в сервисной службе АББ, дальнейшего вмешательства не требуется.

    ABB offers a flexible choice of service agreements for both new and existing robot installations, which helps extend the mean time between failures, shorten the time to repair and lower the total cost of ownership. With four new packages available – Support, Response, Maintenance and Warranty, each backed up by ABB’s Remote Service technology – businesses can minimize the impact of unplanned downtime and achieve improved production-line efficiency.

    Компания АББ предлагает гибкий выбор контрактов на выполнение технического обслуживания как уже имеющихся, так и вновь устанавливаемых роботов, которые позволяют значительно увеличить среднюю наработку на отказ, сократить время ремонта и эксплуатационные расходы. Четыре новых пакета на основе технологии Remote Service Support, Response, Maintenance и Warranty – позволяют минимизировать внеплановые простои и значительно повысить эффективность производства.

    The benefits of Remote Sevice are clear: improved availability, fewer service visits, lower maintenance costs and maximized total cost of ownership. This unique service sets ABB apart from its competitors and is the beginning of a revolution in service thinking. It provides ABB with a great opportunity to improve customer access to its expertise and develop more advanced services worldwide.

    Преимущества дистанционного технического обслуживания очевидны: повышенная надежность, уменьшение выездов ремонтных бригад, уменьшение затрат на обслуживание и общих эксплуатационных расходов. Эта уникальная услуга дает компании АББ преимущества над конкурентами и демонстрирует революционный подход к организации сервиса. Благодаря ей компания АББ расширяет доступ заказчиков к опыту своих специалистов и получает возможность более эффективного оказания технической помощи по всему миру.

    Тематики

    • тех. обсл. и ремонт средств электросвязи

    Обобщающие термины

    EN

    Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > дистанционное техническое обслуживание

  • 104 agrupar

    v.
    1 to group (together).
    Ricardo agrupa las flores rojas Richard groups red flowers.
    María agrupa a las chicas Mary groups the girls.
    2 to consolidate.
    El sufrimiento agrupa a las personas Suffering consolidates people.
    3 to join together, to herd together, to cluster together, to crowd together.
    Ricardo agrupa a los cadetes Richard joins the cadets together.
    * * *
    1 to group, put into groups
    1 to group together, form a group
    2 (asociarse) to associate
    * * *
    verb
    * * *
    1.
    VT (=reunir en grupo) to group, group together; [+ gente, datos etc] to gather, assemble; (=amontonar) to crowd together
    2.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) ( formar grupos) to put... into groups, to group
    b) ( reunir) <organizaciones/partidos> to bring together
    2.
    agruparse v pron
    a) ( formar un grupo) niños/policías to gather; partidos to come together
    b) ( dividirse en grupos) to get into groups
    * * *
    = bring together, categorise [categorize, -USA], draw together, fall into, group, group together, merge, pull together, put together, stack, encapsulate, coalesce, lump together, juxtapose, stand + together, pool, band, shuffle together.
    Ex. For example, Recreation, previously dispersed over several main classes, is now brought together as a new main class, and Space Science has been added between Astronomy and the Earth Sciences.
    Ex. It is widely recognised that it is difficult and unhelpful to categorise fiction according to a subject classification = Es un hecho ampliamente reconocido la dificultad y la poca utilidad de clasificar la literatura narrativa de acuerdo con una clasificación por materias.
    Ex. The application of the classification schemes, once constructed, involves synthesis, or the drawing together of the single concepts which are listed in the scheme from their different facets, in order to specify compound subjects.
    Ex. References will also be necessary, and will fall into the same types as those identified for personal authors, that is, 'see', 'see also', and explanatory references.
    Ex. There are a number of types of abstracts which will be grouped under the term 'mini-abstracts'.
    Ex. Some schools favor subject arrangement, other group together everything by publisher, and others sort everything out according to a theme.
    Ex. During the construction of a thesaurus, the computer can be enlisted to sort, merge, edit and compare terms.
    Ex. This library decided to launch an attack on illiteracy by pulling together a variety of approaches to learning to read.
    Ex. The way in which this scheme is put together in book form often causes some confusion at first.
    Ex. Cards are filed in drawers, approximately 1000 cards per drawer, which when stacked together may form a catalogue cabinet.
    Ex. The fundamental OOP technique is to encapsulate data with the operations/code that operate on that data into a single entity which is called an object.
    Ex. Mayo's conclusion was that 'the singling out of certain groups of employees for special attention had the effect of coalescing previously indifferent individuals into cohesive groups with a high degree of group ride or esprit-de-corps'.
    Ex. He also lumps himself and librarians together as 'devoted and in some instances veteran pursuers, preservers, and disseminators of truth'.
    Ex. We might consider that the key term, the one on which the others depend and which will juxtapose the document most usefully with others of a like kind, is Home Office.
    Ex. For instance, in reproduction of Renoir's work under the subject IMPRESSIONISM, Renoir's works would not stand together in the catalog but be spread out according to their titles.
    Ex. The results of two studies of the way reference librarians work were pooled to provide an understanding of the important features necessary in software for computerized reference work.
    Ex. The author advises banding retention policies to focus on a few clear options.
    Ex. This volume is in fact three books shuffled together under one luscious cover, unfurling as a fantasia on technique that explores, among other things, Mau's riffs on modernism.
    ----
    * agrupar los términos sinónimos = merge + synonyms.
    * agrupar palabras que tienen la misma raíz = merge + word forms.
    * agruparse = band together, cluster, team, partner.
    * agruparse (con) = team up (with).
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) ( formar grupos) to put... into groups, to group
    b) ( reunir) <organizaciones/partidos> to bring together
    2.
    agruparse v pron
    a) ( formar un grupo) niños/policías to gather; partidos to come together
    b) ( dividirse en grupos) to get into groups
    * * *
    = bring together, categorise [categorize, -USA], draw together, fall into, group, group together, merge, pull together, put together, stack, encapsulate, coalesce, lump together, juxtapose, stand + together, pool, band, shuffle together.

    Ex: For example, Recreation, previously dispersed over several main classes, is now brought together as a new main class, and Space Science has been added between Astronomy and the Earth Sciences.

    Ex: It is widely recognised that it is difficult and unhelpful to categorise fiction according to a subject classification = Es un hecho ampliamente reconocido la dificultad y la poca utilidad de clasificar la literatura narrativa de acuerdo con una clasificación por materias.
    Ex: The application of the classification schemes, once constructed, involves synthesis, or the drawing together of the single concepts which are listed in the scheme from their different facets, in order to specify compound subjects.
    Ex: References will also be necessary, and will fall into the same types as those identified for personal authors, that is, 'see', 'see also', and explanatory references.
    Ex: There are a number of types of abstracts which will be grouped under the term 'mini-abstracts'.
    Ex: Some schools favor subject arrangement, other group together everything by publisher, and others sort everything out according to a theme.
    Ex: During the construction of a thesaurus, the computer can be enlisted to sort, merge, edit and compare terms.
    Ex: This library decided to launch an attack on illiteracy by pulling together a variety of approaches to learning to read.
    Ex: The way in which this scheme is put together in book form often causes some confusion at first.
    Ex: Cards are filed in drawers, approximately 1000 cards per drawer, which when stacked together may form a catalogue cabinet.
    Ex: The fundamental OOP technique is to encapsulate data with the operations/code that operate on that data into a single entity which is called an object.
    Ex: Mayo's conclusion was that 'the singling out of certain groups of employees for special attention had the effect of coalescing previously indifferent individuals into cohesive groups with a high degree of group ride or esprit-de-corps'.
    Ex: He also lumps himself and librarians together as 'devoted and in some instances veteran pursuers, preservers, and disseminators of truth'.
    Ex: We might consider that the key term, the one on which the others depend and which will juxtapose the document most usefully with others of a like kind, is Home Office.
    Ex: For instance, in reproduction of Renoir's work under the subject IMPRESSIONISM, Renoir's works would not stand together in the catalog but be spread out according to their titles.
    Ex: The results of two studies of the way reference librarians work were pooled to provide an understanding of the important features necessary in software for computerized reference work.
    Ex: The author advises banding retention policies to focus on a few clear options.
    Ex: This volume is in fact three books shuffled together under one luscious cover, unfurling as a fantasia on technique that explores, among other things, Mau's riffs on modernism.
    * agrupar los términos sinónimos = merge + synonyms.
    * agrupar palabras que tienen la misma raíz = merge + word forms.
    * agruparse = band together, cluster, team, partner.
    * agruparse (con) = team up (with).

    * * *
    agrupar [A1 ]
    vt
    agruparon a los niños por edades they divided o put the children into groups according to their ages
    agrupa esos libros por autores group those books by author
    la coalición agrupa a siete partidos distintos the coalition is made up of seven different parties
    agrupó a varias organizaciones ecologistas it brought together several ecologist groups
    1 (formar un grupo) «niños/policías» to gather, form a group; «partidos» to come together, join forces
    2 (dividirse en grupos) to get into groups
    * * *

     

    agrupar ( conjugate agrupar) verbo transitivo
    a) ( formar grupos) to put … into groups, to group

    b) ( reunir) ‹organizaciones/partidos to bring together

    agruparse verbo pronominal
    a) ( formar un grupo) [niños/policías] to gather;

    [ partidos] to come together

    agrupar verbo transitivo to group
    ' agrupar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    aunar
    English:
    bracket
    - group
    - lump
    * * *
    vt
    to group (together);
    la red agrupa a veinte emisoras locales the network brings together o is made up of twenty local radio stations;
    la guía agrupa toda la información disponible sobre el tema the guide brings together all the available information on the subject;
    una asociación que agrupa a más de 10.000 médicos an association of more than 10,000 doctors
    * * *
    v/t group, put into groups
    * * *
    : to group together
    * * *
    agrupar vb to put into groups [pt. & pp. put]

    Spanish-English dictionary > agrupar

  • 105 quand

    c black quand [kɑ̃]
    c black1. conjunction
    ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
    The d is silent, except before a vowel sound, when it is pronounced t, eg quand elle m'a vu.
    ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ when
    quand ce sera fini, nous irons prendre un café when it's finished we'll go and have a coffee
    sais-tu de quand était sa dernière lettre ? do you know when his last letter was written?
    quand je pense que... ! when I think that...!
    pourquoi vivre ici quand tu pourrais avoir une belle maison ? why live here when you could have a beautiful house?
    2. adverb
    quand pars-tu ?
    quand est-ce que tu pars ?
    tu pars quand ? when are you leaving?
    c'est pour quand ? (devoir) when is it for? ; (rendez-vous) when is it? ; (naissance) when is it to be?
    ça date de quand ? (événement) when did it take place? ; (lettre) when was it written?
    * * *
    Note: when traduisant quand conjonction ne peut pas être suivi du futur: quand il aura terminé = when he has finished; quand je serai guérie, j'irai te voir = when I'm better, I'll come and see you
    kɑ̃, kɑ̃t
    1.
    1) ( lorsque) when

    quand il arrivera, vous lui annoncerez la nouvelle — when he gets here, you can tell him the news

    quand il prend son poste en 1980, la situation est déjà catastrophique — when he took up his post in 1980, the situation was already catastrophic

    emporte une pomme pour quand tu auras faim — (colloq) take an apple with you in case you get hungry

    3) ( toutes les fois que) whenever

    quand il pleut plus de trois jours la cave est inondée — whenever it rains for more than three days, the cellar floods

    son attitude change quand il s'agit de son fils — his/her attitude changes when it comes to his/her son

    4) ( alors que) when
    5) ( même si) even if

    quand (bien même) la terre s'écroulerait, il continuerait à dormir — he'd sleep through an earthquake


    2.
    adverbe when

    quand arrive-t-il/viendras-tu? — when does he arrive/will you come?

    ça date de quand cette histoire? — (colloq) when did all this happen?

    à quand (colloq) la semaine de 30 heures? — when will we get a 30-hour working week?


    3.
    quand même locution adverbiale still

    ils ne veulent pas de moi, mais j'irai quand même! — they don't want me, but I'm still going!

    elle est quand même bête (colloq) d'avoir fait ça! — it's really stupid of her to have done that!

    quand même (colloq), tu exagères! — ( tu n'es pas objectif) come on, you're exaggerating!; ( tu vas trop loin) come on, that's going too far!

    tu ne vas pas faire ça quand même? — (colloq) you're not going to do that, are you?

    * * *
    kɑ̃
    1. conj
    1) when

    Quand je serai riche, j'achèterai une belle maison. — When I'm rich, I'll buy a nice house.

    quand même (= pourtant) — nevertheless, (= tout de même) all the same

    Je ne voulais pas de dessert, mais j'en ai mangé quand même. — I didn't want any dessert, but I had some all the same.

    C'est quand même un sacré joueur. — All the same, he's a great player.

    2. adv

    Il ne m'a pas dit quand il partirait. — He didn't tell me when he was going to leave.

    * * *
    When traduisant quand conjonction ne peut pas être suivi du futur: quand il aura terminé = when he has finished; quand je serai guérie, j'irai te voir = when I'm better, I'll come and see you.
    A conj
    1 ( lorsque) when; quand il arrivera, vous lui annoncerez la nouvelle when he gets here, you can tell him the news; appelez-moi quand la voiture sera prête call me when the car is ready; quand il arriva sur place, il comprit when he got there, he understood; quand il prend son poste en 1980, la situation est déjà catastrophique when he took up his post in 1980, the situation was already catastrophic; quand il termine son repas, nous partons when he has finished his meal, we're going; tu auras ton dessert quand tu auras fini ta viande you'll have your dessert when you have finished your meat; quand il est fatigué et qu'il boit when he is tired and he drinks; cela date de quand j'étais étudiante it goes back to when I was a student, it goes back to my student days; emporte une pomme pour quand tu auras faim take an apple with you in case you get hungry;
    2 ( valeur exclamative) quand je pense que ma fille va avoir dix ans! to think that my daughter's almost ten (years old)!; quand je vous le disais! I told you so!;
    3 ( toutes les fois que) whenever; quand elle doit prendre l'avion elle est toujours très nerveuse whenever she has to fly she gets nervous; quand il pleut plus de trois jours la cave est inondée whenever it rains for more than three days, the cellar floods; quand il se mettait en colère, tout le monde tremblait everybody shook with fear whenever he got angry; quand il s'agit de boire un verre, il ne dit jamais non when he's offered a drink, he never refuses it; son attitude change quand il s'agit de son fils his attitude changes when it comes to his son; savoir sévir quand il faut to be strict when necessary;
    4 ( alors que) fml when; pourquoi partir quand tout nous incite à rester? why leave when there's every reason to stay?; tu oses te plaindre quand des gens meurent de faim! you dare to complain when there are people starving!; elle l'a laissé tomber quand elle aurait dû l'aider she let him down when she should have helped him;
    5 ( même si) fml even if; quand (bien même) la terre s'écroulerait, il continuerait à dormir even if the earth opened up, he'd carry on GB ou keep on sleeping; ‘tu ne vas pas faire ça?’-‘et quand bien même?’ ‘you're not going to do that?’-‘what if I do?’
    B adv when; quand arrive-t-il/viendras-tu? when does he arrive/will you come?; quand est-ce que tu reviens?, tu reviens quand? when are you coming back?; je ne sais pas quand elle arrivera I don't know when she'll get here; depuis quand habitez-vous ici? how long have you been living here?; ça date de quand cette histoire? when did all this happen?; de quand date votre dernière réunion? when was your last meeting?; de quand est la lettre? what is the date on the letter?; je me demande pour quand est prévue la publication du dictionnaire I wonder when the dictionary is due to be published; c'est prévu pour quand? when is it scheduled for?; c'est pour quand le bébé? when is the baby due?; à quand la semaine de 30 heures? when will we have the 30-hour week?
    C quand même loc adv ils étaient occupés mais ils nous ont quand même rendu visite they were busy but even so they came to visit us; ils ne veulent pas de moi, mais j'irai quand même! they don't want me, but I'll go all the same; elle est quand même bête d'avoir fait ça! it's really stupid of her to have done that!; quand même, tu as vu ça? really, did you see that?; quand même, tu exagères! ( tu n'es pas objectif) come on, you're exaggerating!; ( tu vas trop loin) come on, that's going too far!; tu ne vas pas faire ça quand même? you're not going to do that, are you?
    [kɑ̃] conjonction
    1. [lorsque] when
    quand le vin est tiré, il faut le boire (proverbe) you've made your bed and must lie in it
    2. [alors que] when
    3. [introduisant une hypothèse] even if
    et quand ce serait, j'ai bien le droit de rêver even if that is the case, I'm allowed to dream, aren't I?
    ————————
    [kɑ̃] adverbe
    c'est pour quand, ce mariage? when is this wedding going to happen?
    ————————
    quand bien même locution conjonctive
    ————————
    quand même locution conjonctive
    ————————
    quand même locution adverbiale
    1. [malgré tout] all the same, even so
    c'était quand même bien it was still good, it was good all the same
    je pense qu'il ne viendra pas, mais je l'inviterai quand même I don't think he'll come but I'll invite him all the same
    2. [en intensif]

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > quand

  • 106 факт

    (см. также данные, результат, вариант, версия, случай) fact, case, one point
    Благодаря этому факту усиленно напрашивается, что... - This fact strongly suggests that...
    В свете всех этих фактов становится естественным (вычислить и т. п.)... - In view of all these facts it becomes natural to...
    В связи с тем фактом, что..., очевидно, что это невозможно. - This is obviously impossible in light of the fact that...
    В этом параграфе мы устанавливаем основные факты относительно... - In this section we establish the basic facts about...
    Важность этого факта станет понятна после того, как мы обсудим... - The importance of this fact will become clear when we discuss...
    Внимание читателя привлекается к тому факту, что... - The reader's attention is drawn to the fact that...
    Вряд ли необходимо еще подчеркивать тот факт, что... - It is hardly necessary to stress the fact that...
    Данная теория также объясняет тот факт, что... - This theory also explains the fact that...
    Данное утверждение интуитивно очевидно, если исходить из факта, что... - The proposition is intuitively obvious from the fact that...
    Данный подход должен быть изменен так, чтобы он учитывал факт, что... - The approach must be modified to accommodate the fact that...
    Добавьте к этому тот факт, что... - Add to this the fact that...
    Его принципиальная важность заключается в том факте, что... - Its principal importance lies ultimately in the fact that...
    Задача усложняется тем фактом, что... - The problem is complicated by the fact that...
    Замечательным фактом является то, что... - It is a remarkable fact that...
    Замечательным фактом является, что... - It is a remarkable fact that...
    Здесь принимается во внимание тот факт, что... - This takes account of the fact that...
    Зная этот набор фактов, мы понимаем, что... - With this framework before us, we realize that...
    Из этого факта, совместно с (1), вытекает, что... - This fact, taken together with (1), implies that...
    Интересным и полезным фактом является то, что... - The interesting and useful fact is that...
    Исключительным фактом является то, что... - It is an extraordinary fact that...
    Мы используем этот факт в дальнейшем. - We shall make use of this fact later.
    Мы можем использовать преимущество, предоставляемое этим фактом, чтобы... - We can take advantage of this fact to...
    Мы можем объяснить этот факт тем, что... - We can explain this fact by...
    Мы привлекаем внимание к факту, что... - We call attention to the fact that...
    Мы примем этот важный факт без доказательства. - We shall accept this important fact without proof.
    На некоторое время мы пренебрегаем тем фактом, что... - We neglect, for the time being, the fact that...
    На этом этапе мы хотим привлечь внимание к тому факту, что... - At this point, we wish to call attention to the fact that...
    На этом этапе необходимо указать очень важный факт. - At this stage a very important fact must be pointed out.
    Наиболее важным является тот факт, что... - Most important is the fact that...
    Нам всем (хорошо) известен тот факт, что... - We are all familiar with the fact that...
    Некоторые из этих проблем возникают из того факта, что... - Some of the problems arise from the fact that...
    Немедленным следствием предыдущего результата является тот факт, что... - An immediate corollary of the above result is the fact that...
    Необходимо заметить, что в той же мере важным является тот факт, что... - But equally important, one should notice, is the fact that...
    Неожиданным фактом является то, что... - An unexpected fact is that...
    Однако имеет смысл использовать факт, что... - But the sensible thing is to use the fact that...
    Однако при вычислении величины W мы должны принять во внимание тот факт, что... - In computing W, however, we must take into account the fact that...
    Очевидно, что этот ответ обязан быть следствием факта, что... - The answer must obviously be sought in the fact that...
    Подтверждение такой точки зрения вытекает из того факта, что... - Confirmation of this view is found in the fact that...
    Позднее нам будут необходимы несколько фактов относительно... - Later on we shall need certain facts about...
    Полезно помнить следующий факт:... - A useful result to remember is that...
    Поразительным фактом является то, что... - A striking fact is that...
    Предыдущие примеры иллюстрируют общий факт, что... - The preceding examples illustrate the general fact that...
    Причиной этого является факт, что... - The reason for this lies in the fact that...
    Простейшим объяснением всех этих фактов является... - The simplest explanation for these facts is...
    Рассмотрим некоторые важные факты относительно... - Let us review some important facts regarding...
    Следует уделить внимание тому факту, что... - Attention should be paid to the fact that...
    Таким образом, мы возвращаемся к факту, что... - We thus recover the fact that...
    Твердо установленным фактом является, что... - It is a well-established result that...
    Тот факт, что..., ничего не говорит о... - The fact that... says nothing about...
    Тривиальным фактом здесь является... - It is a trivial observation that...
    Тщательное сравнение затрудняется тем фактом, что... - Careful comparison is somewhat hampered by the fact that...
    Учитывая эти факты, мы можем... - Taking these facts into account, we can...
    Фактом чрезвычайной важности является то, что... - This is a fact of tremendous importance to...
    Фундаментальным фактом является то, что каждый... - It is a fundamental fact that every...
    Чтобы сделать это, мы используем тот факт, что... - То do this, we make use of the fact that...
    Чтобы учесть данный факт, Максвелл предположил, что... - То account for this fact, Maxwell supposed that...
    Экспериментально обнаружено, что... - It is found, as an experimental fact, that...
    Эти важные факты можно подытожить следующим образом. - The relevant facts may be summarized as follows.
    Эти факты могут быть объяснены, если... - These facts can be explained if...
    Эти факты позволяют нам... - These facts allow us to...
    Это выливается в не что иное как простое переформулирование факта, что... - This amounts to no more than a restatement of the fact that...
    Это иллюстрирует тот факт, что... - This illustrates the fact that...
    Это могло бы показаться довольно неопределенным в свете того факта, что... - This may seem rather pointless in light of the fact that...
    Это могло бы показаться парадоксальным в свете факта, что... - This may appear to be paradoxical in view of the fact that...
    Это необходимое следствие того факта, что... - This is a necessary consequence of the fact that...
    Это очевидным образом вытекает из того факта, что... - This is clearly borne out by the fact that...
    Это предположение игнорирует тот факт, что... - The assumption ignores the fact that...
    Это происходит вследствие того факта, что... - This arises from the fact that...
    Это просто другой способ выражения того факта, что... - This is just another way of expressing the fact that...
    Это просто последствие того факта, что... - This is simply a consequence of the fact that...
    Это связано с тем фактом, что... - This is connected with the fact that...
    Это следует из нашего обсуждения соотношения (4), а также из того факта, что... - This follows from our discussion of (4) and the fact that...
    Это совершенно очевидно следует из того факта, что... - This is at once obvious from the fact that...
    Это соответствует тому факту, что... - This corresponds to the fact that...
    Это справедливо, несмотря на тот факт, что... - This is so despite the fact that...
    Этот пример иллюстрирует основной факт, что... - This example illustrates the general fact that...
    Этот результат более или менее ожидаем, если исходить из факта, что... - This result is more or less to be expected from the fact that...
    Этот результат было необходимо ожидать, исходя из факта, что... - This result was to be expected from the fact that...
    Этот результат согласуется с тем фактом, что... - This result is in agreement with the fact that...
    Этот факт был отмечен без доказательства в главе 4. - This fact was noted without proof in Chapter 4.
    Является интересным тот факт, что... - It is an interesting fact that...

    Русско-английский словарь научного общения > факт

  • 107 zusätzlich

    I Adj. additional, extra, further; (ergänzend) supplementary; (Hilfs...) auxiliary; zusätzliche Arbeit extra work; zusätzliche Belastung added burden
    II Adv. (außerdem) in addition; zusätzlich zu in addition to, over and above; zusätzlich noch etwas verdienen earn a bit extra; ich will nicht noch zusätzlich auf seinen Hund aufpassen I don’t want to have to look after (Am. take care of) his dog as well ( oder on top of everything else)
    * * *
    supernumerary (Adj.); extra (Adj.); additional (Adj.); ancillary (Adj.); extra (Adv.); collateral (Adj.); in addition (Adv.); supplemental (Adj.); supplementary (Adj.)
    * * *
    zu|sätz|lich ['tsuːzɛtslɪç]
    1. adj
    additional; (= weiter auch) added attr, further attr; (= ergänzend auch) supplementary
    2. adv
    in addition
    * * *
    1) (additional; more than usual or necessary: They demand an extra $10 a week; We need extra men for this job.) extra
    2) (an additional amount: The book costs $6.90 but we charge extra for postage.) extra
    3) (as something extra or above the minimum necessary: The shopkeeper weighed out the sweets and put in a few more for good measure.) for good measure
    * * *
    zu·sätz·lich
    [ˈtsu:zɛtslɪç]
    I. adj
    1. (weitere) further attr
    \zusätzliche Kosten supplementary [or additional] costs
    2. (darüber hinaus möglich) additional, extra; (als Option a.) optional
    eine \zusätzliche Versicherung a collateral insurance spec
    II. adv in addition
    das kostet 100 Euro \zusätzlich that costs an extra 100 euros
    ich will sie nicht noch \zusätzlich belasten I don't want to put any extra pressure on her
    * * *
    1.
    Adjektiv additional
    2.
    adverbial in addition
    * * *
    A. adj additional, extra, further; (ergänzend) supplementary; (Hilfs…) auxiliary;
    zusätzliche Arbeit extra work;
    B. adv (außerdem) in addition;
    zusätzlich zu in addition to, over and above;
    ich will nicht noch zusätzlich auf seinen Hund aufpassen I don’t want to have to look after (US take care of) his dog as well ( oder on top of everything else)
    * * *
    1.
    Adjektiv additional
    2.
    adverbial in addition
    * * *
    adj.
    added adj.
    additional adj.
    additive adj.
    auxiliary adj.
    other adj.
    side-bar adj. adv.
    accessorily adv.
    additionally adv.
    additively adv.
    in addition to adv.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > zusätzlich

  • 108 Psychoanalysis

       [Psychoanalysis] seeks to prove to the ego that it is not even master in its own house, but must content itself with scanty information of what is going on unconsciously in the mind. (Freud, 1953-1974, Vol. 16, pp. 284-285)
       Although in the interview the analyst is supposedly a "passive" auditor of the "free association" narration by the subject, in point of fact the analyst does direct the course of the narrative. This by itself does not necessarily impair the evidential worth of the outcome, for even in the most meticulously conducted laboratory experiment the experimenter intervenes to obtain the data he is after. There is nevertheless the difficulty that in the nature of the case the full extent of the analyst's intervention is not a matter that is open to public scrutiny, so that by and large one has only his own testimony as to what transpires in the consulting room. It is perhaps unnecessary to say that this is not a question about the personal integrity of psychoanalytic practitioners. The point is the fundamental one that no matter how firmly we may resolve to make explicit our biases, no human being is aware of all of them, and that objectivity in science is achieved through the criticism of publicly accessible material by a community of independent inquirers.... Moreover, unless data are obtained under carefully standardized circumstances, or under different circumstances whose dependence on known variables is nevertheless established, even an extensive collection of data is an unreliable basis for inference. To be sure, analysts apparently do attempt to institute standard conditions for the conduct of interviews. But there is not much information available on the extent to which the standardization is actually enforced, or whether it relates to more than what may be superficial matters. (E. Nagel, 1959, pp. 49-50)
       3) No Necessary Incompatibility between Psychoanalysis and Certain Religious Formulations
       here would seem to be no necessary incompatibility between psychoanalysis and those religious formulations which locate God within the self. One could, indeed, argue that Freud's Id (and even more Groddeck's It), the impersonal force within which is both the core of oneself and yet not oneself, and from which in illness one become[s] alienated, is a secular formation of the insight which makes religious people believe in an immanent God. (Ryecroft, 1966, p. 22)
       Freudian analysts emphasized that their theories were constantly verified by their "clinical observations."... It was precisely this fact-that they always fitted, that they were always confirmed-which in the eyes of their admirers constituted the strongest argument in favour of these theories. It began to dawn on me that this apparent strength was in fact their weakness.... It is easy to obtain confirmations or verifications, for nearly every theory-if we look for confirmation. (Popper, 1968, pp. 3435)
       5) Psychoanalysis Is Not a Science But Rather the Interpretation of a Narrated History
       Psychoanalysis does not satisfy the standards of the sciences of observation, and the "facts" it deals with are not verifiable by multiple, independent observers.... There are no "facts" nor any observation of "facts" in psychoanalysis but rather the interpretation of a narrated history. (Ricoeur, 1974, p. 186)
       6) Some of the Qualities of a Scientific Approach Are Possessed by Psychoanalysis
       In sum: psychoanalysis is not a science, but it shares some of the qualities associated with a scientific approach-the search for truth, understanding, honesty, openness to the import of the observation and evidence, and a skeptical stance toward authority. (Breger, 1981, p. 50)
       [Attributes of Psychoanalysis:]
       1. Psychic Determinism. No item in mental life and in conduct and behavior is "accidental"; it is the outcome of antecedent conditions.
       2. Much mental activity and behavior is purposive or goal-directed in character.
       3. Much of mental activity and behavior, and its determinants, is unconscious in character. 4. The early experience of the individual, as a child, is very potent, and tends to be pre-potent over later experience. (Farrell, 1981, p. 25)
       Our sceptic may be unwise enough... to maintain that, because analytic theory is unscientific on his criterion, it is not worth discussing. This step is unwise, because it presupposes that, if a study is not scientific on his criterion, it is not a rational enterprise... an elementary and egregious mistake. The scientific and the rational are not co-extensive. Scientific work is only one form that rational inquiry can take: there are many others. (Farrell, 1981, p. 46)
       Psychoanalysts have tended to write as though the term analysis spoke for itself, as if the statement "analysis revealed" or "it was analyzed as" preceding a clinical assertion was sufficient to establish the validity of what was being reported. An outsider might easily get the impression from reading the psychoanalytic literature that some standardized, generally accepted procedure existed for both inference and evidence. Instead, exactly the opposite has been true. Clinical material in the hands of one analyst can lead to totally different "findings" in the hands of another. (Peterfreund, 1986, p. 128)
       The analytic process-the means by which we arrive at psychoanalytic understanding-has been largely neglected and is poorly understood, and there has been comparatively little interest in the issues of inference and evidence. Indeed, psychoanalysts as a group have not recognized the importance of being bound by scientific constraints. They do not seem to understand that a possibility is only that-a possibility-and that innumerable ways may exist to explain the same data. Psychoanalysts all too often do not seem to distinguish hypotheses from facts, nor do they seem to understand that hypotheses must be tested in some way, that criteria for evidence must exist, and that any given test for any hypothesis must allow for the full range of substantiation/refutation. (Peterfreund, 1986, p. 129)

    Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Psychoanalysis

  • 109 potrzeba

    I -by, -by; dat sg - bie; f

    w razie potrzebyif necessary lub required, should the need arise

    potrzeby fizjologiczne/cielesne — physiological/bodily needs

    II inv

    potrzeba nam pieniędzy/czasu — we need money/time

    * * *
    I.
    potrzeba1
    f.
    1. (= niezbędność) need, necessity; coś wykonane z potrzeby serca a labor of love; moja postawa wynika z głębokiej potrzeby niesienia pomocy my approach stems from a profound need to give help; nie ma potrzeby, aby... there's no need to...; jeśli zajdzie potrzeba, to... if a need arises then...; w miarę potrzeby możesz zadzwonić do mnie if necessary you can call me; zaspokajać czyjeś potrzeby cater for sb's needs, satisfy l. serve sb's needs; zabezpieczać czyjeś potrzeby make provision for sb; nagła potrzeba emergency; potrzeba chwili expediency; bez potrzeby needlessly, unnecessarily; potrzeba fizjologiczna l. naturalna physiological need, need to relieve o.s.; iść za (swoją) potrzebą go relieve o.s.; nie ma potrzeby się spieszyć there's no need to hurry; potrzeba jest matką wynalazku necessity is the mother of invention.
    2. pl. (= rzeczy, bez których trudno się obejść) needs; artykuły pierwszej potrzeby necessities; uprawa na własne potrzeby subsistence crop.
    3. przest. (= ciężkie położenie) need; w (pilnej) potrzebie in (urgent) need; opuścić kogoś w potrzebie leave sb in the lurch, let sb down in his extremity.
    II.
    potrzeba2
    v.
    indecl. need; potrzeba mi pieniędzy na zakończenie budowy domu I need money to finish the construction of the house; czego ci potrzeba? what do you need?; nic mi więcej nie potrzeba that's all I need l. want; znów powiedziałaś więcej niż potrzeba you said more than necessary again; tego właśnie mi potrzeba that's exactly what I need, that's the very thing I need.

    The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > potrzeba

  • 110 dispuesto

    adj.
    disposed, all set, prepared, ready.
    past part.
    past participle of spanish verb: disponer.
    * * *
    1→ link=disponer disponer
    1 (decidido) determined
    2 (preparado) prepared, ready, willing
    3 (arreglado) arranged, settled, ready
    4 (despabilado) bright, clever, capable
    5 (servicial) helpful
    * * *
    (f. - dispuesta)
    adj.
    ready, prepared
    * * *
    1.
    PP de disponer
    2. ADJ
    1) (=preparado) arranged, ready

    todo está dispuesto para las eleccioneseverything is set o arranged o ready for the elections

    ¿estáis dispuestos para salir? — are you ready to leave?

    2) (=decidido) willing

    estar dispuesto a, estábamos dispuestos al diálogo — we were willing o prepared to discuss the matter

    bien dispuesto — well-disposed

    mal dispuesto — ill-disposed

    poco dispuesto — reluctant, unwilling

    * * *
    - ta adjetivo
    a) ( preparado) ready
    b) ( con voluntad) willing

    dispuesto a + inf — prepared to + inf

    * * *
    = ready [readier -comp., readiest -sup.], willing, nothing loath.
    Ex. Copies with holds must be cataloged quickly to have them ready for the borrower.
    Ex. Any attempt to coerce a response without good reason based on that child's present predicament is to place in jeopardy the child's willing engagement now and in the future.
    Ex. The stranger, nothing loath to start a conversation with them, looked at them smilingly.
    ----
    * dispuesto a = disposed to.
    * dispuesto a ayudar = willing, willing to help.
    * dispuesto a intentarlo = willing to try.
    * dispuesto de forma uniforme = regimented.
    * estar dispuestísimo a = be more than willing to.
    * estar dispuesto = be game.
    * estar dispuesto a = be keen to, be prepared to, be willing to, be of a mind to, be willing and able to, be ready, willing and able.
    * estar dispuesto a todo = be ready, willing and able.
    * estar dispuesto y deseoso a = be willing and able to.
    * estar poco dispuesto = be reluctant.
    * estar preparado y dispuesto a todo = be ready, willing and able.
    * estar siempre dispuesto a ayudar = be always willing to assist.
    * muy dispuesto a = all ready to.
    * no dispuesto = unprepared.
    * no estar dispuesto a = be unwilling to, be negatively disposed to.
    * poco dispuesto = disinclined.
    * * *
    - ta adjetivo
    a) ( preparado) ready
    b) ( con voluntad) willing

    dispuesto a + inf — prepared to + inf

    * * *
    = ready [readier -comp., readiest -sup.], willing, nothing loath.

    Ex: Copies with holds must be cataloged quickly to have them ready for the borrower.

    Ex: Any attempt to coerce a response without good reason based on that child's present predicament is to place in jeopardy the child's willing engagement now and in the future.
    Ex: The stranger, nothing loath to start a conversation with them, looked at them smilingly.
    * dispuesto a = disposed to.
    * dispuesto a ayudar = willing, willing to help.
    * dispuesto a intentarlo = willing to try.
    * dispuesto de forma uniforme = regimented.
    * estar dispuestísimo a = be more than willing to.
    * estar dispuesto = be game.
    * estar dispuesto a = be keen to, be prepared to, be willing to, be of a mind to, be willing and able to, be ready, willing and able.
    * estar dispuesto a todo = be ready, willing and able.
    * estar dispuesto y deseoso a = be willing and able to.
    * estar poco dispuesto = be reluctant.
    * estar preparado y dispuesto a todo = be ready, willing and able.
    * estar siempre dispuesto a ayudar = be always willing to assist.
    * muy dispuesto a = all ready to.
    * no dispuesto = unprepared.
    * no estar dispuesto a = be unwilling to, be negatively disposed to.
    * poco dispuesto = disinclined.

    * * *
    1 (preparado) ready
    todo está dispuesto para el viaje everything is arranged o ready for the trip
    la mesa está dispuesta the table is set o laid
    2 (con voluntad) dispuesto A + INF prepared to + INF
    siempre está dispuesto a ayudar he's always prepared o willing o ready to help
    la empresa no está dispuesta a ceder the company is not prepared o willing to back down
    llegó dispuesto a hacer las paces con ella he arrived ready to make it up with her
    * * *

     

    Del verbo disponer: ( conjugate disponer)

    dispuesto es:

    el participio

    Multiple Entries:
    disponer    
    dispuesto
    disponer ( conjugate disponer) verbo transitivo
    1 (frml) (establecer, ordenar) [ ley] to provide (frml), to stipulate (frml);
    [ rey] to decree;
    [general/juez] to order
    2 (frml) (colocar, arreglar) to arrange, set out, lay out
    verbo intransitivo: dispuesto de algo ‹de tiempo/ayuda to have sth;
    con los recursos de que dispongo with the means available to me o at my disposal

    disponerse verbo pronominal (frml) mientras se disponían a tomar el tren as they were about to catch the train;
    la tropa se dispuso a atacar the troops prepared to attack
    dispuesto -ta adjetivo


    dispuesto a hacer algo prepared to do sth
    disponer
    I verbo transitivo
    1 (colocar) to arrange, set out
    2 (preparar) to prepare: lo dispuso todo para el encuentro, she prepared everything for the meeting
    3 (mandar, establecer) to lay down, state: así lo dispuso en su testamento, so he stipulated in his will
    II verbo intransitivo disponer de, to have at one's disposal
    dispuesto,-a adjetivo
    1 (preparado) ready
    2 (colocado) arranged
    3 (resuelto, convencido) determined: estamos dispuestos a afrontar las consecuencias, we are prepared to take the consequences
    4 (voluntarioso) willing
    5 (previsto, estipulado) lo enterraron según lo dispuesto en su testamento, he was buried as stipulated in his will
    ' dispuesto' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    acudir
    - dispuesta
    - preparada
    - preparado
    - cumplimiento
    - solícito
    English:
    amenable
    - disposed
    - game
    - inclined
    - prepared
    - ready
    - unwilling
    - well-disposed
    - willing
    - agreeable
    - go
    - mettle
    - oblige
    - sympathetic
    - unhelpful
    - well
    * * *
    dispuesto, -a
    participio
    ver disponer
    adj
    1. [preparado, organizado] ready;
    todo está dispuesto para que comience la semifinal everything is ready for the semifinal to start;
    la mesa ya está dispuesta the table has been laid
    2. [decidido, con plena voluntad]
    dispuesto a algo: parecían dispuestos al acuerdo they seemed to be willing to reach an agreement;
    está dispuesto a todo con tal de conseguir lo que quiere he's prepared to do anything as long as he gets what he wants;
    estar dispuesto a hacer algo to be prepared to do sth;
    siempre estuvo dispuesto a cooperar he was always willing to cooperate;
    no estoy dispuesto a tolerarlo más I'm not prepared to tolerate it any longer
    3. [capaz] capable;
    [a ayudar] ready to help;
    es un chico muy dispuesto he's a very obliging o willing lad
    * * *
    I partdisponer
    II adj para expresar preparación ready (a to); para expresar voluntad willing, disposed ( a hacer algo to do sth)
    * * *
    dispuesto, -ta adj
    preparado: ready, prepared, disposed
    * * *
    1. (preparado) ready
    2. (con voluntad) prepared / willing

    Spanish-English dictionary > dispuesto

  • 111 deber

    m.
    duty.
    Ella tiene el deber de cuidarla She has the obligation to take care of her
    v.
    1 to owe.
    deber algo a alguien to owe somebody something, to owe something to somebody
    ¿qué o cuánto le debo? how much is it?
    Esa pobre mujer debe desde hace mucho That poor woman owes since long before
    Esa mujer debe mil dólares That woman owes one thousand dollars.
    2 to have to, to be bound to, to have got to, to must.
    Ella debe cuidar de María She has to take care of Mary.
    3 to be supposed to.
    * * *
    2 (dinero, cosa) to owe
    1 (obligación presente) must, have to, have got to
    2 (obligación pasada) should, ought to
    3 (obligación futura) must, have to, have got to
    4 (obligación moral) should, ought to
    1 (ser consecuencia) to be due (a, to)
    2 (tener una obligación) to have a duty (a, to)
    1 (obligación) duty, obligation
    1 (escolares) homework sing
    \
    cumplir con su deber to do one's duty
    hacer los deberes to do one's homework
    * * *
    1. noun m. 2. verb
    1) must
    2) ought to, should
    * * *
    1.
    VT [+ dinero, explicación, respeto] to owe

    ¿qué le debo? — [en bares, tiendas] how much (is it)?, how much do I owe you?

    todo lo que he conseguido se lo debo a mi padre — I have my father to thank for everything I have achieved, I owe everything I have achieved to my father

    2. VI
    1) + infin
    [obligación]

    como debe seras it ought to o should be

    debería cambiarse cada mesit ought to o should be changed every month

    habrías debido traerloyou ought to have o should have brought it

    debíamos haber salido ayerwe were to have o should have left yesterday

    2) + infin
    [suposición]

    debe (de) ser así — it must be like that, that's how it must be

    no debía (de) andar lejos de los 200.000 libros — it can't have been far off 200,000 books

    3.
    See:
    * * *
    I 1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) < dinero> to owe

    ¿cuánto se debe? — how much do I/we owe you?

    b) <favor/visita/explicación> to owe
    2.
    deber v aux

    deber + inf: debes decírselo you have to o you must tell her; deberías or debías habérselo dicho you ought to have o you should have told her; la trató respetuosamente, como debe ser he treated her with respect, as he should; no debes usarlo you are not to o you must not use it; no se debe mentir you mustn't tell lies; no deberías haberlo dejado solo — you shouldn't have left him alone

    2) (expresando suposición, probabilidad)
    a)

    deber (de) + inf: deben (de) ser más de las cinco it must be after five o'clock; deben (de) haber salido they must have gone out; debe (de) estar ganando mucho — she/he must be earning a lot

    3.
    deberse v pron

    deberse a algo: se debió a un fallo humano it was caused by o was due to human error; todo se debe a que no estudia it's all due o down to the fact that she doesn't study; ¿a qué se debe este escándalo? — what's all this racket about?

    el artista se debe a su público — an artist has a duty to his/her public

    II
    1) ( obligación) duty
    2) deberes masculino plural ( tarea escolar) homework, assignment (AmE)

    ¿has hecho los deberes? — have you done your homework?

    * * *
    I 1.
    verbo transitivo
    a) < dinero> to owe

    ¿cuánto se debe? — how much do I/we owe you?

    b) <favor/visita/explicación> to owe
    2.
    deber v aux

    deber + inf: debes decírselo you have to o you must tell her; deberías or debías habérselo dicho you ought to have o you should have told her; la trató respetuosamente, como debe ser he treated her with respect, as he should; no debes usarlo you are not to o you must not use it; no se debe mentir you mustn't tell lies; no deberías haberlo dejado solo — you shouldn't have left him alone

    2) (expresando suposición, probabilidad)
    a)

    deber (de) + inf: deben (de) ser más de las cinco it must be after five o'clock; deben (de) haber salido they must have gone out; debe (de) estar ganando mucho — she/he must be earning a lot

    3.
    deberse v pron

    deberse a algo: se debió a un fallo humano it was caused by o was due to human error; todo se debe a que no estudia it's all due o down to the fact that she doesn't study; ¿a qué se debe este escándalo? — what's all this racket about?

    el artista se debe a su público — an artist has a duty to his/her public

    II
    1) ( obligación) duty
    2) deberes masculino plural ( tarea escolar) homework, assignment (AmE)

    ¿has hecho los deberes? — have you done your homework?

    * * *
    deber1
    1 = duty [duties, -pl.], obligation.

    Ex: Organisations often expect an information officer or librarian to prepare such abstracts as are necessary, in addition to performing various other information duties.

    Ex: At the same time, the Library acknowledges its obligation to cooperate with major abstracting and indexing services to build a comprehensive national bibliographic data base.
    * consciente de los deberes de Uno = dutiful.
    * cumplir (con) un deber = discharge + duty.
    * deber ciudadano = civic duty.
    * deber cumplido = duty accomplished.
    * deberes = homework, school tasks, homework assignment, school work [schoolwork], class assignment, course assignment, student assignment.
    * deber familiar = familial duty.
    * deber moral = moral duty.
    * deber profesional = professional duty.
    * hacer el deber de Uno = do + Posesivo + part.
    * hacer los deberes = do + homework.
    * incumplimiento del deber = neglect of duty, breach of duty.
    * más allá del deber = beyond the call of duty.
    * negligencia en el cumplimiento del deber = dereliction of duty.
    * no hacer los deberes = be asleep at the wheel.
    * sentido del deber = sense of duty.
    * tener el deber de = have + a responsibility to.
    * tener un deber que cumplir con = have + a responsibility to.

    deber2
    2 = must, ought to, owe.

    Ex: Even the same collection some years on will have altered, and the device, in order to remain effective, must evolve in keeping with the development of the collection.

    Ex: Early in its discussions the Working Group concluded that the implementation of an international authority system ought to follow a phased approach.
    Ex: DOBIS/LIBIS can then tell which borrowers owe the library money.
    * debe por lo tanto deducirse que = it must therefore follow that.
    * debe por lo tanto esperarse que = it must therefore follow that.
    * debe por lo tanto ser lógico que = it must therefore follow that.
    * debe por lo tanto ser una consecuencia lógica que = it must therefore follow that.
    * deber haber ocurrido antes = be long overdue.
    * debería existir = there + ought to be.
    * debería haber = there + ought to be.
    * debería(n) = should.
    * deber pagarse = be payable.
    * deber pensarse = thought + must be given.
    * deber prestar atención = warrant + consideration.
    * deberse = be due.
    * deberse a = be due to, be caused by, be attributable to, boil down to.
    * deber una multa = owe + fine.
    * deber + Verbo = be + to be + Verbo.
    * debe ser + Participio = be to be + Participio.
    * estar haciendo algo que no se debe = be up to no good, get up to + no good.
    * mérito + deberse a = credit + be due to, credit + go to, be to the credit of.
    * multa que se debe = unpaid fine.
    * no actuar como se debe = be remiss.
    * no cumplir con + Posesivo + deber = be remiss.
    * no deber nada = pay + Posesivo + dues.
    * no debes juzgar un libro por el color de sus pastas = don't judge a book by its cover, don't judge a book by its cover.

    * * *
    vt
    1 ‹dinero› to owe
    le deben 15.000 pesos/dos meses de sueldo they owe her 15,000 pesos/two months' salary
    quieren que les paguen lo que se les debe they want to be paid what they are due o what is owing to them
    no le debo nada a nadie I don't owe anything to anyone
    ¿cuánto or ( fam) qué se debe? how much o what do I/we owe you?
    te debo las entradas de ayer I owe you for the tickets from yesterday
    2 ‹favor/visita/explicación› to owe
    le debo la vida I owe her my life
    todavía le debo el regalo de cumpleaños I still owe him o haven't given him a birthday present
    me debe carta ella a mí she owes me a letter, it's her turn to write to me
    les debes respeto y obediencia you owe them respect and obedience
    España le debe mucho al Islam Spain owes a great debt to Islam
    esta victoria se la debo a mi entrenador I have my coach to thank for this victory
    ¿a qué debo este honor? to what do I owe this honor?
    debes decírselo you have to o you must tell her
    deberías or debías habérselo dicho you ought to have o you should have told her
    deberás decírselo you will have to tell her
    debería or debiera darte vergüenza you ought to be o you should be ashamed of yourself
    la trató cortés y respetuosamente, como debe ser he treated her with courtesy and respect, as he should
    no debes usarlo sin antes pedir permiso you are not to o you must not use it without asking first
    no se debe mentir you mustn't tell lies
    no deberías or debías haberlo dejado solo or no debiste dejarlo solo you shouldn't have left him alone
    B (expresando suposición, probabilidad)
    1 deber ( DE) + INF:
    ya deben (de) ser más de las cinco it must be after five o'clock
    ¡debes (de) estar muriéndote de hambre! you must be starving!
    deben (de) haber salido they must have gone out
    nos hemos debido (de) cruzar we must have passed each other
    debe (de) estar ganando mucho más que eso she must be earning a lot more than that
    le debe (de) doler mucho it must be very painful
    ésos debieron (de) ser or deben (de) haber sido momentos muy duros that must have been a very difficult time
    has debido (de) perderlo or debes (de) haberlo perdido you must have lost it
    2
    (en frases negativas): no deben (de) saber del accidente, si no habrían vuelto they can't know about the accident or they would have come back
    ¿por qué no ha llamado? — no debe (de) haber podido why hasn't he phoned? — he obviously hasn't been able to
    la conferencia fue en francés, no deben (de) haber entendido nada the lecture was in French, I bet they didn't understand a word o they can't have understood a word
    no les debe haber interesado or no les debió interesar they can't have been interested o presumably, they weren't interested
    A (tener su causa en) deberse A algo:
    el retraso se debe al mal tiempo the delay is due to the bad weather
    el accidente se debió a un fallo humano the accident was caused by o was due to human error
    ¿a qué se debe este escándalo? what's all this racket about?
    ¿a qué se debe tan agradable sorpresa? to what do I owe such a pleasant surprise?
    B «persona» (tener obligaciones hacia) deberse A algn; to have a duty TO sb
    el artista se debe a su público an artist has a duty to his or her public
    me debo antes que nada a mis pacientes my first responsibility o duty is to my patients
    me debo a mis electores I have a duty to the people who voted for me
    cumplió con su deber he carried out o did his duty
    faltó a su deber he failed in his duty, he failed to do his duty
    el deber del soldado para con su patria a soldier's duty to his country
    votar es un derecho y un deber del cuidadano voting is the right and duty of every citizen
    tengo el triste deber de comunicarles el fallecimiento de … ( frml); it is my sad duty to inform you of the death of …
    es un deber de conciencia ayudarlos I feel morally bound to help them
    B deberes mpl (tarea escolar) homework, assignment ( AmE)
    ¿has hecho los deberes? have you done your homework?
    nos ponen or mandan muchos deberes they set us a lot of homework
    * * *

     

    deber 1 ( conjugate deber) verbo transitivodinero/favor/explicación to owe;

    deber v aux
    1 ( expresando obligación):

    no debes usarlo you must not use it;
    deberías or debías habérselo dicho you ought to have o you should have told her;
    no se debe mentir you mustn't tell lies;
    no deberías haberlo dejado solo you shouldn't have left him alone
    2 (expresando suposición, probabilidad):

    deben (de) haber salido they must have gone out;
    debe (de) estar enamorado she/he must be in love;
    no deben (de) saber la dirección they probably don't know the address;
    no les debe (de) interesar they can't be interested
    deberse verbo pronominal
    1 ( tener su causa en) deberse a algo to be due to sth;

    ¿a qué se debe este escándalo? what's all this racket about?
    2 [ persona] ( tener obligaciones hacia) deberse a algn to have a duty to sb
    deber 2 sustantivo masculino
    1 ( obligación) duty;
    cumplió con su deber he carried out o did his duty

    2
    deberes sustantivo masculino plural ( tarea escolar) homework, assignment (AmE)

    deber 1 sustantivo masculino
    I duty: deberá cumplir con su deber, she must do her duty
    II Educ deberes, homework sing
    deber 2
    I verbo transitivo
    1 (tener una deuda) to owe: me debe una disculpa, he owes me an apology
    le debe mucho a su entrenador, he owes a lot to his trainer
    2 (+ infinitivo: estar obligado a) must, to have to: debe tomar el medicamento, he must take the medicine
    debía hacerlo, I had to do it
    ya debería estar aquí, he ought to be here‚ ¡debería darte vergüenza!, you should be ashamed of yourself! o shame on you! ➣ Ver nota en must 3 (para dar un consejo) should: deberías estar presente, you should be present
    II verbo intransitivo ( deber + de + infinitivo: ser posible) (positivo) must: debe de haberlo oído en alguna parte, he must have heard it from somewhere
    (negativo) can not: debe de estar dormido, he must be asleep
    todavía no deben de haber llegado, they can't have arrived yet
    ' deber' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    carga
    - hacer
    - imponerse
    - incumplir
    - incumplimiento
    - obligación
    - alto
    - ciudadano
    - cometido
    - cumplimiento
    - cumplir
    - inexcusable
    - ir
    - satisfacción
    - sentido
    English:
    accomplishment
    - avoid
    - before
    - carry out
    - civic
    - discharge
    - do
    - duck
    - duty
    - immune
    - job
    - meet
    - must
    - need
    - neglect
    - ought
    - owe
    - service
    - should
    - suppose
    - want
    - bound
    - call
    - well
    * * *
    nm
    [obligación] duty;
    mi deber es ayudar it is my duty to help;
    es mi deber intentar detenerle it is my duty to try to stop him;
    cumplir con el deber to do one's duty;
    faltarás a tu deber si no acudes a la reunión you will be failing in your duty if you don't come to the meeting;
    los derechos y los deberes de los ciudadanos citizens' rights and duties;
    mantener la ciudad limpia es deber de todos keeping the city tidy is everyone's responsibility;
    tiene un gran sentido del deber she has a great sense of duty;
    tengo el triste deber de comunicarles la aparición del cuerpo de su hijo it is my sad duty to inform you that your son's body has been found
    deberes nmpl
    [trabajo escolar] homework;
    hacer los deberes to do one's homework;
    nos han mandado muchos deberes para el fin de semana they've set o given us a lot of homework for the weekend
    vt
    1. [adeudar] to owe;
    deber algo a alguien to owe sb sth, to owe sth to sb;
    ¿qué o [m5] cuánto le debo? how much is it?, how much does it come to?;
    ¿qué se debe? how much is it?, how much does it come to?;
    ¿qué te debo del pan y la leche? what do I owe you for the bread and milk?;
    me deben medio millón de pesos they owe me half a million pesos;
    me debes una cena you owe me a meal out
    2. [moralmente] to owe;
    te debo la vida I owe you my life;
    este éxito se lo debo a mis compañeros I owe this success to my colleagues, I have my colleagues to thank for this success;
    creo que te debo una explicación I think I owe you an explanation;
    debemos mucho a nuestros padres we owe our parents a lot;
    no le debo nada a nadie I don't owe anybody anything;
    Formal
    ¿a qué debemos el honor de su visita? to what do we owe the pleasure of your visit?;
    Fam
    deber una a alguien to owe sb one;
    te debo una, compañero I owe you one, mate
    vi
    1. (antes de infinitivo) [expresa obligación]
    debo hacerlo I have to do it, I must do it;
    deberían abolir esa ley they ought to o should abolish that law;
    debes dominar tus impulsos you must o should control your impulses;
    debería darles vergüenza they ought to be ashamed;
    no deberías fumar tanto you shouldn't smoke so much;
    no debes decir mentiras you mustn't o shouldn't tell lies;
    no debiste insultarle you shouldn't have insulted her;
    Fam
    una película como debe ser a proper film, a film like films were meant to be
    2. [expresa posibilidad]
    el tren debe de llegar alrededor de las diez the train should arrive at about ten;
    deben de haber llegado ya a casa they must o should be home by now;
    deben de ser las diez it must be ten o'clock;
    no debe de ser muy mayor she can't be very old;
    no debe de hacer mucho frío it can't be very o that cold;
    debe de ser extranjero he must be a foreigner;
    debes de estar cayéndote de sueño you must be exhausted;
    debo haberlo dejado en casa I must have left it at home
    * * *
    I m
    1 duty
    2
    :
    deberes pl homework sg
    II v/t owe;
    deber a alguien 500 pesos owe s.o. 500 pesos
    III v/i
    1 en presente must, have to;
    debo llegar a la hora I must be on time, I have to be on time;
    no debo llegar tarde I mustn’t be late
    2 en pretérito should have;
    debería haberme callado I should have kept quiet
    3 en futuro will have to;
    deberán terminar imediatamente they must finish o they will have to finish immediately
    4 en condicional should;
    ¿qué debería hacer? what should I do?;
    no deberías hacer eso you shouldn’t do that;
    debería ser lo suficientemente largo that should be long enough
    :
    debe de hacer frío it must be cold;
    debe de tener quince años he must be about 15;
    debe de hacer poco que viven aquí they can’t have lived here for long;
    ya deben de haber llegado they must o should have arrived by now
    * * *
    deber vt
    : to owe
    deber v aux
    1) : must, have to
    debo ir a la oficina: I must go to the office
    2) : should, ought to
    deberías buscar trabajo: you ought to look for work
    debe ser mexicano: he must be Mexican
    * * *
    deber1 n duty [pl. duties]
    deber2 vb
    1. (dinero, favor, etc) to owe
    te debo 1.000 pesetas I owe you 1,000 pesetas
    2. (estar obligado en presente) must / to have to
    3. (estar obligado en condicional) should / ought to

    Spanish-English dictionary > deber

  • 112 ÞÖRF

    (gen. þarfar, pl. þarfar), f. want, need, necessity;
    e-s er þörf, a thing is wanted, is necessary (hón kvað þess litla þörf);
    e-m er e-s þörf, e-m er þörf á e-u, one is in need of;
    þá er þörf verðr, when wanted;
    ef gørast þarfar þess, if need be;
    þola þörf e-s, to be in want of;
    fjár síns, er fengit hefir, skylit maðr þörf þola, a man should not stint himself of money he has made;
    þörfum meirr, more than wanted, excessively;
    e-t kemr vel í þarfar, it comes to good use, comes in when wanted;
    vinna þörf, to suffice;
    kunna þörf (with infin.), to long to, feel impelled to.
    * * *
    f., gen. þarfar, pl. þarfir, [þurfa; Ulf. þarba = ὑστέρημα, þarbos þulan = ὑστερεισθαι; Dan. tarv]:—need, necessity; e-m er þörf e-s, Hm. 149; ef görask þarfar þess, Skm.; enga þörf ætla ek mér á því, Fms. vi. 36; bíða langa þörf e-s, Bs. i. 862: the phrases, vinna þörf, to suffice, Al. 125, 129, Grág. i. 445, 457; þola þörf e-s (Goth. þarvos þulan), Hm.; þá er þörf verðr, when wanted, K. Þ. K. 14; þörfum meirr, more than needed, excessively, Ld. 206, Jd. 32; e-t kemr vel í þarfar, it comes to good use, in a case of need or emergency, Fms. viii. 290: business, N. G. L. i. 80.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > ÞÖRF

  • 113 زائد

    زائِد: إضَافِيّ، فائِض، مُفْرِط
    additional, extra; supernumerary, excess, plus, surplus; exceeding, in excess (of); overabundant, superabundant, superfluous, redundant, more than enough, more than necessary; excessive, immoderate

    Arabic-English new dictionary > زائد

  • 114 Warping

    General term for processes after winding concerned in preparing weaver's and knitter's warps. Methods of warping vary according to (1) the yarns employed (2) whether they are sized or not, and (3) at what state sizing takes place. There are at least seven methods of warp preparation, e.g., beam warping, direct warping, mill warping on vertical mills, section warping on horizontal mills and in cheeses on section blocks, Scotch dresser sizing, Scotch warp dressing, and Yorkshire warp dressing. Beam Warping is the system in general use for making grey cotton goods. The beam warper comprises a creel for the supply ends, which may be on double-flanged bobbins, cones or cheeses, and a beaming head which comprises mechanism for mounting and rotating a warper's beam and means for winding the yarn from the creel supply on to the beam under suitable tension. The number of ends and length of warp on a back or warper's beam is related to what is required in the weaver's beam. Assuming the weaver's beams were required to have 2928 ends, 24's warp, and 8 cuts of 96 yards each, the back beams for a set might have 2928: 6 = 488 ends, and 2 X 6 X 8 X 96 = 9216 yards. On the slasher sizing machine six back beams would be run together, thereby producing 12 weaver's beams each containing 2928 ends 768 yards long. Warp Beaming Speeds - With the old type of warp beaming machine taking supply from unrolling double-flanged bobbins, the warping speed would be about 70 yards per minute. In modern beam warpers taking supply overend from cones, the warping speed is up to 250 yards per minute. With beam barrels of 41/2-in. dia., and up to 500 yards per minute with barrels of 10-in. dia. Warp and Weft Knitted Fabrics - Warp knitted fabrics in which extra yarn is introduced in the form of weft threads which are laid in between the warp threads and their needles for the purpose of adding extra weight and for patterning purposes. Warp Loom Tapes - Narrow knitted fabrics usually less than one inch wide used for trimming garments. They are knitted on circular latch needle machines, but the tapes are flat. Direct Warping - A method used in making warps for towels, fustians, and other fabrics in which the total number of ends can be accommodated in one creel, say not more than 1,000 ends. The threads are run from the creel direct to the weaver's beam on a machine similar to that used in section beam warping. Mill Warping - There are two distinctly different methods of mill warping. On the vertical mill, which may be anything up to 20 yards in circumference, the number of ends in the complete warp is obtained by repeating the runs the required number of times, e.g., with 200 bobbins in the creel, 4 runs would give a warp of 800 ends. The length of the warp is determined by the number of revolutions made by the mill for each run. The horizontal mill is much used in Yorkshire for making woollen and worsted warps It is used to a small extent for cotton warps and is largely used for making silk and rayon warps. The mill or swift is usually about 5 yards in circumference. Its distinctive feature is the making of warps in sections which are wound on the mill in overlapping manner. The creel capacity varies from 250 to 600 ends, and with 500 ends in the creel a warp of 5,000 ends would require ten sections. Section Warping for Coloured Goods - This is a system of making coloured striped warps from hank-dyed and bleached yarns. The bobbins are creeled to pattern, one or more complete patterns to each section. Each section is the full length of the warp and is run on a small section block keywayed to fit a key on the shaft of the subsequent beaming machine where the sections are placed side by side and run on the weaver's beam. Scotch Dresser Sizing - There are two systems of warp preparation known as Scotch dressing. 1. Dresser sizing used for sizing warps for linen damasks, etc. Back beams are first made and placed in two beam creels, one on each side of the headstock. The threads from several back beams are collected in one sheet of yarn, sized by passage through a size-box, brushed by a revolving brush, dried by hot air, and passed vertically upwards where both sheets of warp threads are united and pass on to the weaver's beam in a single sheet. Scotch Warp Dressing - The other method of Scotch dressing is used in the preparation of coloured striped warps, usually from warp-dyed and bleached yarn. It consists in splitting off from ball warps previously dyed or bleached and sized, the number of ends of each colour required in the finished warp. Each group is then wound on separate flanged warpers' beams. These beams are placed in a creel and the ends drawn through a reed according to pattern, and wound finally on to the weavers' beams. Yorkshire Warp Dressing - This is a system used mostly in the preparation of coloured striped warps. It is also invaluable in preparing warps dyed and sized in warp form to prevent shadiness in the cloth. Four warps with the same number of ends in each are dyed the same colour, and in sleying, one end from each warp is put in each dent of the reed. Any tendency to shadiness arising from irregularity in dyeing is thereby effectively eliminated. In striped work the required ends are split off if necessary from a larger ball warp, sleyed to pattern in the reed, and then run under controlled tension on to the weaver's beam. The dresser uses a brush as long as the width of the warp to brush out entangled places where the threads have adhered together with size. Yorkshire dressing provides perfect warps with every thread in its proper place on the weaver's beam, no crossed or missing threads, and a minimum of knots.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Warping

  • 115 σύν

    σύν [pron. full] [ῠ], old [dialect] Att. [full] ξύν; [dialect] Boeot. [full] σούν IG7.3171.39 (Orchom. [dialect] Boeot., iii B.C.): Prep. with dat. (rarely c. gen., σ. τῶν ἐν αὺτῷ νεκρῶν Mitteis Chr.129.23 (ii B.C.);
    A

    σ. ἡρώων IPE2.383

    ([place name] Phanagoria); σ. γυναικός ib.301 ([place name] Panticapaeum), cf. Ostr.240.5 (ii A.D.), PLond.1.113 iv 19 (vi A.D.)):—with. The form ξύν rarely occurs in Hom., though it is not rare in compds. even when not required by the metre, as in ξυνέαξα, ξυνοχῇσιν, ξύμβλητο, ξύμπαντα; Hes. also uses ξύμπας, ξυνιέναι; in [dialect] Ion. verse we find

    ξύν Thgn.1063

    (but

    σύν Id.50

    ), Sol. 19.3 (perh. old Attic), but

    σύν Archil.4

    , cf. ξυνωνίη, συνίημι; in early [dialect] Ion. Prose (including Inscrr., cf. SIG1.2 (Abu Simbel, vi B.C.), 167.37 (Mylasa, iv B.C.), etc.) ξύν is only found in

    ξυνίημι Heraclit.51

    , Democr.95 (cf. ἀξύνετος, ἀξυνεσίη, ξύνεσις), and in the phrase ξὺν νῷ ( νόῳ codd.) Heraclit.114, Democr.35; Hdt. has only σύν, and in codd. Hp. ξύν has weaker authority than σύν (i p.cxxv Kuehlewein); in the late Ionic of Aret., ξύν prevails over σύν; in [dialect] Aeol. and [dialect] Dor. it is rare,

    ξυνοίκην Sapph.75

    ;

    ξυναλίαξε Ar.Lys.93

    ; elsewh. [dialect] Dor. σύν, Leg.Gort. 5.6, IG9(1).334.47 ([dialect] Locr., v B.C.), etc.; but in old [dialect] Att. Inscrr. ξύν is the only form up to 500 B.C.; σύν appears in v B.C. and becomes usual towards the end; after 378 B.C. ξύν survives only in the formula γνώμην δὲ ξυμβάλλεσθαι κτλ.; the phrase ξὺν νῷ is found in Ar.Nu. 580, Pl.Cri. 48c, Men. 88b, R. 619b (

    σὺν E.Or. 909

    ); otherwise, of [dialect] Att. Prose writers Th. alone uses the preposition ξύν, Antipho and Lysias have ξυν- a few times in compds.; codd. Pl. have both ξυν- (Lg. 930a, al.) and συν-; in Antipho Soph.Oxy.1364, Aristox., Arr., Ael., and Anon.Rhythm. ξυν- is very freq.; in Trag. both forms occur. The Prep. σύν gradually gave way to μετά with gen., so that whereas A. has 67 examples of σύν to 8 of μετά with gen., the proportions in Th. are 400 of μετά to 37 of σύν, in D. 346 of μετά to 15 of σύν, and in Arist. 300 of μετά to 8 of σύν: for these and other statistics see C. J. T. Mommsen, Beiträge zur Lehre von den griechischen Präpositionen (Frankfurt 1886-95): in [dialect] Att. Prose and Com. σύν is restricted for the most part to signf. 8, 9 and a few phrases, such as σὺν θεῷ, σὺν (τοῖς) ὅπλοις; Xenophon uses it freely, having 556 examples to 275 of μετά; in Pap., NT, and later Prose its use is much less restricted (v. infr.).
    1 in company with, together with,

    δεῦρό ποτ' ἤλυθε.. σ. Μενελάῳ Il.3.206

    ;

    ξ. παιδὶ.. πύργῳ ἐφεστήκει 6.372

    ;

    σ. τοῖσδε ὑπέκφυγον Od.9.286

    ;

    καταφθίσθαι σ. ἐκείνῳ 2.183

    ;

    ἀπελαύνειν σ. τῷ στρατῷ Hdt.8.101

    ;

    ἐπαιδεύετο σ. τῷ ἀδελφῷ X.An.1.9.2

    ;

    σ. αὐτῷ σταυροῦσι δύο λῃστάς Ev.Marc.15.27

    ;

    οὐδένα ἔχω σ. ἐμοί PSI10.1161.12

    (iv A.D.).
    2 with collat. notion of help or aid, σ. θεῷ with God's help or blessing, as God wills, Il.9.49;

    σ. σοί, πότνα θεά Od.13.391

    ;

    πέμψον δέ με σ. γε θεοῖσιν Il.24.430

    , cf. 15.26;

    σ. θεῷ φυτευθεὶς ὄλβος Pi.N.8.17

    ; σ. θεῷ εἰρημένον spoken as by inspiration, Hdt.1.86;

    σ. θεῷ δ' εἰρήσεται Ar.Pl. 114

    ;

    σ. θεῷ εἰπεῖν Pl.Tht. 151b

    , Prt. 317b;

    ξ. θεοῖς Th.1.86

    ; so σ. δαίμονι, σ. Ἀθήνῃ καὶ Διί, Il.11.792, 20.192;

    σ. Χαρίτεσσιν Pi.N.9.54

    , cf. P.9.2;

    ξ. τῷ θεῷ πᾶς καὶ γελᾷ κὠδύρεται S.Aj. 383

    ; also θεοῦ σ. παλάμᾳ, σ. θεοῦ τύχᾳ, Pi.O.10(11).21, N.6.24: generally, of personal cooperation, σ. σοὶ φραζέσθω let him consult with you, Il.9.346;

    λοχησάμενος σ. ἑταίρῳ Od.13.268

    ; ξ. τῇ βουλῇ in consultation with the Council, IG12.63.17; σ. τινὶ μάχεσθαι fight at his side, X.Cyr.5.3.5, cf. HG4.1.34; σ. τινὶ εἶναι or γίγνεσθαι to be with another, i.e.on his side, of his party, Id.An.3.1.21, Smp.5.10; οἱ σ. αὐτῷ his friends, followers, Id.An.1.2.15, cf. Act.Ap.14.4, etc.
    3 furnished with, endued with,

    σ. μεγάλῃ ἀρετῇ ἐκτήσω ἄκοιτιν Od.24.193

    ;

    πόλιν θεοδμάτῳ σ. ἐλευθερίᾳ ἔκτισσε Pi.P.1.61

    .
    4 of things that belong, or are attached, to a person, σ. νηΐ or σ. νηυσί, i.e. on board ship, Il.1.389, 179, etc.; σ. νηυσὶν ἀλαπάξαι, opp. πεζός, 9.328 (so in Prose,

    σ. ναυσὶ προσπλεῖν X.HG2.2.7

    , etc.);

    σ. ἵπποισιν καὶ ὄχεσφιν Il.5.219

    ; esp. of arms,

    μιν κατέκηε σ. ἔντεσι 6.418

    ;

    στῆ δ' εὐρὰξ σ. δουρί 15.541

    ; ἀντιβίην or ἀντίβιον σ. ἔντεσι or σ. τεύχεσι πειρηθῆναι, 5.220, 11.386;

    σ. ἔντεσι μάρνασθαι 13.719

    ;

    σκῆπτρον, σ. τῷ ἔβη 2.47

    ; ἄγγελος ἦλθε.. σ. ἀγγελίῃ ib. 787; ς. (or ξ.)

    ὅπλοις Th.2.2

    , al., Pl.Lg. 947c, Aen.Tact.17.1; ς. (or ξ.)

    τοῖς ὅπλοις Th.2.90

    , 4.14, Hell.Oxy. 10.1, Pl.Lg. 763a, Aen.Tact.11.8;

    σ. ἐγχειριδίοις Hell.Oxy.10.2

    ;

    ξ. ξιφιδίῳ καὶ θώρακι Th.3.22

    ;

    ξ. ἑνὶ ἱματίῳ Id.2.70

    ; in some such cases ς. is little more than expletive, as σ. τεύχεσι θωρηχθέντες ll.8.530, etc.: with αὐτός (cf.

    αὐτός 1.5

    ), chiefly in Hom.,

    ἀνόρουσεν αὐτῇ σ. φόρμιγγι Il.9.194

    , cf. 14.498;

    αὐτῷ σ. τε λίνῳ καὶ ῥήγεϊ Od.13.118

    .
    5 of things accompanying, or of concurrent circumstances,

    ἄνεμος σ. λαίλαπι Il.17.57

    , cf. Od.12.408; of coincidence in time,

    ἄκρᾳ σ. ἑσπέρᾳ Pi.P.11.10

    ; καιρῷ σ. ἀτρεκεῖ ib.8.7;

    σ. τῷ Χρόνῳ προϊόντι X.Cyr.8.7.6

    ; in the course of,

    κείνῳ σ. ἄματι B.10.23

    , cf. 125, Pi.Fr. 123.
    6 of necessary connexion or consequence, σὺν μεγάλῳ ἀποτεῖσαι to pay with a great loss, i.e. suffer greatly, Il.4.161; δημοσίῳ σ. κακῷ with loss to the public, Thgn.50; σ. τῷ σῷ ἀγαθῷ to your advantage, X.Cyr.3.1.15; ὤλοντο.. σὺν μιάς ματι with pollution, S.Ant. 172; to denote agreement, in accordance with,

    σ. τῷ δικαίῳ καὶ καλῷ X.An.2.6.18

    ;

    σ. δίκᾳ Pi.P.9.96

    ;

    σ. κόσμῳ Hdt.8.86

    , Arist.Mu. 398b23;

    σ. τάχει S.El. 872

    , etc.
    7 of the instrument or means, with the help of, by means of,

    σ. ἐλαίῳ φαρμακώσαισα Pi.P.4.221

    ;

    διήλλαχθε σ. σιδάρῳ A.Th. 885

    (lyr.);

    πλοῦτον ἐκτήσω ξ. αἰχμῇ Id.Pers. 755

    (troch.);

    ἡ [τῶν φίλων] κτῆσίς ἐστιν οὐδαμῶς σ. τῇ βίᾳ X.Cyr.8.7.13

    ;

    ξ. ἐπαίνῳ Th.1.84

    .
    8 including,

    κεφάλαιον σ. ἐπωνίοις IG12.329.5

    , cf. 22.1388.85, 1407.12, al.;

    τοῦ Πειραιῶς ξ. Μουνυχίᾳ Th.2.13

    , cf. 4.124, 5.26, 74, 7.42, 8.90, 95; δισχίλιαι γάρ εἰσι (sc. δραχμαὶ)

    σ. ταῖς Νικίου Ar.Fr. 100

    ;

    ἀνήλωσα σ. τῇ τῆς σκευῆς ἀναθέσει ἑκκαίδεκα μνᾶς Lys.21.4

    , cf. 2;

    αἶγας ἀπέδοτο σ. τῷ αἰπόλῳ τριῶν καὶ δέκα μνῶν Is.6.33

    , cf. 8.8,35, 11.42,46, Aeschin. 2.162, D.19.155, 27.23,al., Arist.HA 525b15,17, Ath.19.6, Hipparch. 1.1.9, al., PSI10.1124.14 (ii A.D.).
    9 excluding, apart from, plus, ἓξ ἐμοὶ σ. ἑβδόμῳ six with (but not including) me the seventh, A. Th. 283;

    αἱ γὰρ καμπαὶ τέτταρες, ἢ δύο σ. τοῖς πτερυγίοις Arist.HA 490a32

    ;

    σ. τοῖς ἀρχαίοις τὸν οἶκον ἐκ τῶν προσόδων μείζω ποιῆσαι D. 27.61

    ;

    τὴν ἐφαπτίδα σ. τῇ σακκοπήρᾳ ἐν ᾗ ἐνῆν

    together with..,

    PEnteux.32.7

    , cf. 89.9 (iii B.C.);

    οἱ γραμματεῖς σ. τοῖς πρεσβυτέροις Ev.Luc.20.1

    , cf. Ep.Gal.5.24.
    B POSITION:— σύν sts. follows its case, Il.10.19, Od.9.332, 15.410. It freq. stands between Adj. and Subst., as Od.11.359, Il.9.194, etc.; more rarely between Subst. and Adj., Od.13.258, Pi.P. 8.7.
    2 freq. in tmesis in Hom., as Il.23.687, Od.14.296, etc.
    3 in late Gr. σὺν καὶ c. dat.,

    στεφανηφορήσας σ. καὶ Αὐρ. Ἰάσονι IG12(7).259

    (Amorgos, iii A.D.), cf. Supp.Epigr.4.535 (Ephesus, ii/iii A.D.), Rev.Phil.50.11 (Sardis, i/iii A.D.), CPR26.16 (ii A.D.); cf. infr. c. 2.
    C σύν AS ADV., together, at once,

    κενεὰς σ. Χεῖρας ἔχοντες Od.10.42

    ; mostly folld. by δέ or τε

    , σ. δὲ πτερὰ πυκνὰ λίασθεν Il.23.879

    ;

    σ. τε δύ' ἐρχομένω 10.224

    (cf. σύνδυο)

    ; ξ. τε διπλοῖ βασιλῆς S.Aj. 960

    (lyr.). It is sts. hard to distinguish this from tmesis, e.g. in Il.23.879; so ξὺν κακῶς ποιεῖν is = Ξυγκακοποιεῖν in Th.3.13. In Old Testament Gr. it is sts. used to translate the Hebr. 'ēth (particle prefixed to the definite accus.) through confusion with the Prep. 'ēth 'with',

    ἐμίσησα σὺν τὴν ζωήν LXXEc.2.17

    ; οὐκ ἐμνήσθη σ. τοῦ ἀνδρός ib.9.15;

    ἔκτισεν ὁ θεὸς σὺν τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ σὺν τὴν γῆν Aq.Ge.1.1

    , etc.
    2 besides, also,

    σ. δὲ πλουτίζειν ἐμέ A.Ag. 586

    ;

    σ. δ' αὔτως ἐγώ S.Ant. 85

    , etc.;

    σ. δ' ἐγὼ παρών Id.Aj. 1288

    , cf. El. 299;

    Δίρκα τε.. σ. τ' Ἀσωπιάδες κόραι E.HF 785

    (lyr.); in later Poetry

    σ. καί A.R.1.74

    , Herod.4.3, Nic.Th.8, D.P.843 (also in late Prose, Ath.2.49a; cf. supr. B. 3).
    I with, along with, together, at the same time, hence of any kind of union, connexion, or participation in a thing, and metaph. of agreement or unity. In Compos. with a trans. Verb σύν may refer to the Object as well as the Subject, as συγκατακτείνειν may mean kill one person as well as another, or, join with another in killing.
    2 of the completion of an action, altogether, completely, as in

    συνάγνυμι, συνασκέω 2

    , συνθρύπτω, συγκόπτω, συμπατέω, συμπληρόω, συντελέω, συντέμνω; sts., therefore, it seems only to strengthen the force of the simple word.
    3 joined with numerals, σύνδυο two together, which sense often becomes distributive, by twos, two and two; so σύντρεις, σύμπεντε, etc., like Lat. bini, terni, etc.
    II σύν in Compos., before β μ π φ ψ, becomes συμ-; before γ κ ξ Χ, συγ-; before λ συλ-; before ς usu. συς-; but becomes συ- before ς followed by a conson. (e.g. συστῆναι), before ζ, and perh. sts. before ξ. In a poet. passage, ap.Pl.Phdr. 237a, we have ξύμ alone in tmesi, ξύμ μοι λάβεσθε for συλλάβεσθέ μοι; cf.

    ὅτε ξὺμ πρῶτ' ἐφύοντο Emp.95

    : in Inscrr. and Papyri these assimilations are freq. not found.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > σύν

  • 116 verlieren

    (unreg.)
    I v/t
    1. allg. lose (an + Akk to); (Blätter, Haar) auch shed; ich habe meinen Autoschlüssel verloren I’ve lost my car key; in dem Gedränge ist meine Handtasche verloren gegangen I lost my handbag (bes. Am. purse) in the crush
    2. SPORT (Kampf, Spiel etc.) lose; das Spiel ging 1:3 verloren we etc. lost the game three one
    3. in Wendungen: kein Wort darüber verlieren not say a word about it; viel / wenig / nichts zu verlieren haben have much / little / nothing to lose; wir haben nichts mehr zu verlieren we have nothing more to lose; du hast hier nichts verloren umg. you’ve got no business being here; das Spielzeug hat in der Küche nichts verloren umg. the toys don’t belong in the kitchen; hast du den Verstand verloren? umg. are you out of your mind?; an dir ist eine Schauspielerin verloren gegangen you could have been an actress; Auge 1, Geduld, Gesicht1 4, Mut 1, Nerv 2 etc.; siehe auch verloren
    II v/refl einander: lose each other; fig. (kaum bemerkbar sein) Ton etc.: be lost; Pfad, Spur etc.: lose itself, disappear; (vergehen, verschwinden) disappear; Menge: disperse; Wirkung, Intensität, Emotion etc.: wear off; das verliert sich wieder Geruch etc.: it’s fading away again; sich in Gedanken / Träumen etc. verlieren be lost in thought / reverie etc.; sich in Details / Nebensächlichkeiten verlieren stray off into details / side issues
    III v/i lose ( gegen to); er / es hat sehr verloren fig. he / it isn’t what he / it used to be; an Wirkung / Reiz etc. verlieren lose some of its effect / its oder one’s charm etc.; an Höhe verlieren lose height; an Wert verlieren lose some of its ( oder go down in) value; der Roman etc. verliert sehr in der Übersetzung loses a lot in (the) translation
    * * *
    (Gegenstand) to lose;
    (Haare) to molt; to shed;
    (Wettkampf) to lose;
    sich verlieren
    to wear off
    * * *
    ver|lie|ren [fɛɐ'liːrən] pret verlor [fɛɐ'loːɐ] ptp verloren [fɛɐ'loːrən]
    1. vt
    to lose; Blätter auch to shed

    jdn/etw aus dem Gedächtnis verlíéren — to lose all memory of sb/sth, to forget sb/sth

    kein Wort über jdn/etw verlíéren — not to say a word about sb/sth

    wir brauchen kein Wort darüber zu verlíéren — we don't need to waste any words on it

    das/er hat hier nichts verloren (inf) — that/he has no business to be here

    nichts (mehr) zu verlíéren haben — to have nothing (more) to lose

    2. vi
    to lose

    sie hat an Schönheit/Charme verloren — she has lost some of her beauty/charm

    sie/die Altstadt etc hat sehr verloren — she/the old town etc is not what she/it etc used to be

    durch etw verlíéren — to lose (something) by sth

    bei jdm verlíéren — to go down in sb's eyes or estimation

    3. vr
    1) (Menschen) to lose each other; (Mensch = sich verirren) to get lost, to lose one's way
    2) (= verschwinden) to disappear; (= verhallen) to fade away, to die

    der Klang verlor sich in dem riesigen Saal/in den Bergen — the sound was lost in the enormous room/faded away or died among the mountains

    3) (fig) (= geistesabwesend sein) to become lost to the world; (= abschweifen) to lose one's train of thought

    verlíéren — to become absorbed in sth

    verlíéren — to get or become lost in sth

    See:
    → auch verloren
    * * *
    1) (to stop having; to have no longer: She has lost interest in her work; I have lost my watch; He lost hold of the rope.) lose
    2) (to have taken away from one (by death, accident etc): She lost her father last year; The ship was lost in the storm; He has lost his job.) lose
    3) (to put (something) where it cannot be found: My secretary has lost your letter.) lose
    4) (not to win: I always lose at cards; She lost the race.) lose
    5) (to waste or use more (time) than is necessary: He lost no time in informing the police of the crime.) lose
    * * *
    ver·lie·ren
    <verlor, verloren>
    [fɛɐ̯ˈli:rən]
    I. vt
    etw \verlieren to lose sth
    nichts mehr zu \verlieren haben to have nothing [else] to lose
    etw \verlieren to lose [or shed] sth
    jdn/etw \verlieren to lose sb/sth
    etw \verlieren to lose sth
    Flüssigkeit/Gas \verlieren to leak
    etw \verlieren to lose sth
    an etw dat \verlieren to lose sth
    an Schönheit \verlieren to lose some of his/her/their etc. beauty
    7.
    irgendwo nichts verloren haben (fam) to have no business [being] somewhere
    was haben Sie hier verloren? (fam) what are you doing here?
    II. vr
    sich akk [in etw dat] \verlieren to disappear [or to vanish] [in sth]
    sich akk [in etw dat] \verlieren to get lost [in sth]
    sich akk in etw dat verlieren to get carried away with sth
    sich akk in Gedanken dat \verlieren to be lost in thought
    III. vi
    [an etw dat] \verlieren to lose [sth]
    * * *
    1.
    unregelmäßiges transitives Verb lose; <plant, tree> lose, shed < leaves>
    2.
    unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb lose

    an etwas (Dat.) verlieren — lose something

    3.
    1) (weniger werden) < enthusiasm> subside; <reserve etc.> disappear
    2) (entschwinden) vanish; < sound> die away
    * * *
    verlieren (irr)
    A. v/t
    1. allg lose (
    an +akk to); (Blätter, Haar) auch shed;
    in dem Gedränge ist meine Handtasche verloren gegangen I lost my handbag (besonders US purse) in the crush
    2. SPORT (Kampf, Spiel etc) lose;
    das Spiel ging 1:3 verloren we etc lost the game three one
    kein Wort darüber verlieren not say a word about it;
    viel/wenig/nichts zu verlieren haben have much/little/nothing to lose;
    wir haben nichts mehr zu verlieren we have nothing more to lose;
    du hast hier nichts verloren umg you’ve got no business being here;
    das Spielzeug hat in der Küche nichts verloren umg the toys don’t belong in the kitchen;
    hast du den Verstand verloren? umg are you out of your mind?;
    an dir ist eine Schauspielerin verloren gegangen you could have been an actress; Auge 1, Geduld, Gesicht1 4, Mut 1, Nerv 2 etc; auch verloren
    B. v/r einander: lose each other; fig (kaum bemerkbar sein) Ton etc: be lost; Pfad, Spur etc: lose itself, disappear; (vergehen, verschwinden) disappear; Menge: disperse; Wirkung, Intensität, Emotion etc: wear off;
    das verliert sich wieder Geruch etc: it’s fading away again;
    sich in Gedanken/Träumen etc
    verlieren be lost in thought/reverie etc;
    sich in Details/Nebensächlichkeiten verlieren stray off into details/side issues
    C. v/i lose (
    gegen to);
    er/es hat sehr verloren fig he/it isn’t what he/it used to be;
    an Wirkung/Reiz etc
    verlieren lose some of its effect/its oder one’s charm etc;
    an Höhe verlieren lose height;
    an Wert verlieren lose some of its ( oder go down in) value;
    der Roman etc
    verliert sehr in der Übersetzung loses a lot in (the) translation
    * * *
    1.
    unregelmäßiges transitives Verb lose; <plant, tree> lose, shed < leaves>
    2.
    unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb lose

    an etwas (Dat.) verlieren — lose something

    3.
    1) (weniger werden) < enthusiasm> subside; <reserve etc.> disappear
    2) (entschwinden) vanish; < sound> die away
    * * *
    v.
    (§ p.,pp.: verlor, verloren)
    = to lose v.
    (§ p.,p.p.: lost)

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > verlieren

  • 117 raz

    1. - zu; -zy; loc sg - zie; m
    (przy oznaczaniu wielokrotności, porównywaniu itp.) time, ( cios) blow

    dwa razy więcej(osób, książek) twice as many; (wody, pieniędzy, rozumu) twice as much

    raz na tydzień/rok — once a week/year

    jeszcze raz — one more time, once again

    na razie( do tej pory) as yet; ( tymczasem) for the moment, for the time being

    na razie!pot so long! (pot)

    od razustraight away lub off, at once

    po raz pierwszy/trzeci — for the first/third time

    tym/innym razem — this/another time

    za każdym razemeach lub every time

    w razie raz+gen in the event of

    w razie potrzebyif necessary lub required, should the need arise

    w każdym (bądź) razie — at any rate, in any case

    w najlepszym/najgorszym razie — at best/worst

    w przeciwnym razie — otherwise, or else

    2. num

    raz, dwa, trzy... — one, two, three...

    3. adv
    ( pewnego razu) once (upon a time)
    * * *
    mi
    1. pl. blows.
    2. (sytuacja, okoliczność) time; raz po raz l. za razem time after time; innym razem some other time; pewnego razu once; tym razem this time; na drugi raz next time; na razie (= tymczasem) for the time being; na razie! pot. see you!; na razie nie not yet; w każdym razie in any case, at any rate; w najlepszym razie at best; w najgorszym razie at worst; w przeciwnym razie otherwise, or else; w takim razie so, well then, in that case; w żadnym razie no way, by no means; w razie czego just in case; w razie pożaru in the event l. case of fire; w razie potrzeby if need be; w sam raz just fine l. right; przejść od razu do rzeczy get straight to the point; tak od razu offhand, just like that; trzeba było tak od razu mówić! why didn't you say so in the first place?!.
    3. ( wielokrotność) time; (jeden) raz once; dwa razy twice; dwa razy dwa two times two; dwa razy więcej ( policzalne) two times more; ( niepoliczalne) twice as much; pierwszy raz first time; za pierwszym razem on the first go, at the first attempt; pierwszy raz słyszę I've never heard that before; raz na jakiś czas from time to time; raz na miesiąc/rok once a month/year, monthly/annually; po raz pierwszy for the first time; raz na zawsze for good, once and for all; raz czy dwa once or twice; raz w życiu once in a lifetime; ani razu not a single time; choć raz just once, just for once; ile razy? how many times?; jeszcze raz once again, once more; na raz at once; zerknij na to jeszcze raz take another look at it; nie raz, nie dwa many a time, more than once; od razu straightaway, at once; za każdym razem every time, each time, whenever.
    adv.
    1. (= kiedyś) once; raz go widziałem I saw him once.
    2. (= wreszcie) at last.
    3. (= ostatecznie) eventually, finally.
    num.
    indecl. pot. (= jeden) one; raz, dwa, trzy... one, two, three...; raz dwa (= błyskawicznie) in no time.

    The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > raz

  • 118 limitar

    v.
    1 to limit, to restrict.
    han limitado la velocidad máxima a cuarenta por hora they've restricted the speed limit to forty kilometers an hour
    este sueldo tan bajo me limita mucho I can't do very much on such a low salary
    Ricardo limitó las reglas Richard limited the rules.
    El médico limitó al paciente The doctor limited the patient.
    2 to mark out (terreno).
    3 to set out, to define (atribuciones, derechos).
    4 to border.
    * * *
    1 (gen) to limit
    1 to border with
    \
    limitarse a + inf to restrict oneself to + gerund, do no more than + inf
    * * *
    verb
    to restrict, limit
    * * *
    1.
    VT (=restringir) to limit, restrict

    nos han limitado el número de visitasthey have limited o restricted the number of visits we can have

    2.
    VI
    3.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo <funciones/derechos> to limit, restrict
    2. 3.
    limitarse v pron

    limitarse a algo: el problema no se limita únicamente a las ciudades the problem is not just confined o limited to cities; me limité a repetir lo que tú habías dicho I just repeated what you'd said; limítate a hacerlo — just do it

    * * *
    = bound, confine, constrain, limit, reduce, restrict, tie down, restrain, circumscribe, disable, box in, narrow down, border, fetter, hem + Nombre + in.
    Ex. Word is a character string bounded by spaces or other chosen characters.
    Ex. Until the mid nineteenth century the concept of authorship was confined to personal authors.
    Ex. Model II sees the process in terms of the system forcing or constraining the user to deviate from the 'real' problem.
    Ex. This limits the need for libraries to reclassify, but also restricts the revision of the Dewey Decimal Classification Scheme.
    Ex. The disadvantage of inversion of words is that inversion or indirect word order reduces predictability of form of headings.
    Ex. This is an example of a classification which is restricted to a specific physical form, as it is used to classify maps and atlases.
    Ex. There are many able people still tied down with the routine 'running' of their libraries.
    Ex. Use of the legal data bases is partly restrained by cost considerations, partly by the fact that their coverage is not exhaustive and partly by the reserved attitude of the legal profession and the judiciary.
    Ex. Traditional theories of management circumscribe the extent of employee participation in decision making.
    Ex. There are socializing factors which further disable those children who lack such basic support.
    Ex. What is important is that agencies face few barriers to disseminating information on the Web quickly rather than being boxed in by standardization requirements = Lo que es importante es que las agencias se encuentran pocas trabas para diseminar información en la web de una forma rápida más que verse restringidas por cuestiones de normalización.
    Ex. By specifying the fields to be searched, the user can narrow down the search in a very convenient way.
    Ex. The Pacific Rim encompasses an enormous geographical area composed of all of the nations bordering the Pacific Ocean, east and west, from the Bering Straits to Antarctica.
    Ex. Faculty tenure is designed to allow the scholar to proceed with his investigation without being fettered with concerns arising from loss of job and salary.
    Ex. The world of work is no longer constrained by the four physical dimensions of space and time that have hemmed us in for most of recorded history.
    ----
    * limitar búsqueda = limit + search.
    * limitar con = border on.
    * limitar el debate a = keep + discussion + grounded on.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo <funciones/derechos> to limit, restrict
    2. 3.
    limitarse v pron

    limitarse a algo: el problema no se limita únicamente a las ciudades the problem is not just confined o limited to cities; me limité a repetir lo que tú habías dicho I just repeated what you'd said; limítate a hacerlo — just do it

    * * *
    = bound, confine, constrain, limit, reduce, restrict, tie down, restrain, circumscribe, disable, box in, narrow down, border, fetter, hem + Nombre + in.

    Ex: Word is a character string bounded by spaces or other chosen characters.

    Ex: Until the mid nineteenth century the concept of authorship was confined to personal authors.
    Ex: Model II sees the process in terms of the system forcing or constraining the user to deviate from the 'real' problem.
    Ex: This limits the need for libraries to reclassify, but also restricts the revision of the Dewey Decimal Classification Scheme.
    Ex: The disadvantage of inversion of words is that inversion or indirect word order reduces predictability of form of headings.
    Ex: This is an example of a classification which is restricted to a specific physical form, as it is used to classify maps and atlases.
    Ex: There are many able people still tied down with the routine 'running' of their libraries.
    Ex: Use of the legal data bases is partly restrained by cost considerations, partly by the fact that their coverage is not exhaustive and partly by the reserved attitude of the legal profession and the judiciary.
    Ex: Traditional theories of management circumscribe the extent of employee participation in decision making.
    Ex: There are socializing factors which further disable those children who lack such basic support.
    Ex: What is important is that agencies face few barriers to disseminating information on the Web quickly rather than being boxed in by standardization requirements = Lo que es importante es que las agencias se encuentran pocas trabas para diseminar información en la web de una forma rápida más que verse restringidas por cuestiones de normalización.
    Ex: By specifying the fields to be searched, the user can narrow down the search in a very convenient way.
    Ex: The Pacific Rim encompasses an enormous geographical area composed of all of the nations bordering the Pacific Ocean, east and west, from the Bering Straits to Antarctica.
    Ex: Faculty tenure is designed to allow the scholar to proceed with his investigation without being fettered with concerns arising from loss of job and salary.
    Ex: The world of work is no longer constrained by the four physical dimensions of space and time that have hemmed us in for most of recorded history.
    * limitar búsqueda = limit + search.
    * limitar con = border on.
    * limitar el debate a = keep + discussion + grounded on.

    * * *
    limitar [A1 ]
    vt
    ‹funciones/derechos/influencia› to limit, restrict
    las disposiciones que limitan la tenencia de armas de fuego the regulations which restrict o limit the possession of firearms
    es necesario limitar su campo de acción restrictions o limits must be placed on his freedom of action
    habrá que limitar el número de intervenciones it will be necessary to limit o restrict the number of speakers
    le han limitado las salidas a dos días por semana he's restricted to going out twice a week
    ■ limitar
    vi
    limitar CON algo to border ON sth
    España limita al oeste con Portugal Spain borders on o is bounded by Portugal to the west, Spain shares a border with Portugal in the west
    limitarse A algo:
    yo me limité a repetir lo que tú me habías dicho I just repeated o all I did was repeat what you'd said to me
    no hizo ningún comentario, se limitó a observar he didn't say anything, he merely o just stood watching
    limítate a hacer lo que te ordenan just confine yourself to o keep to what you've been told to do
    el problema no se limita únicamente a las grandes ciudades the problem is not just confined o limited to big cities
    tiene que limitarse a su sueldo she has to live within her means
    * * *

    limitar ( conjugate limitar) verbo transitivofunciones/derechos to limit, restrict
    verbo intransitivo limitar con algo [país/finca] to border on sth
    limitarse verbo pronominal:
    el problema no se limita a las ciudades the problem is not confined o limited to cities;

    me limité a repetir lo dicho I just repeated what was said
    limitar
    I verbo transitivo to limit, restrict: tengo que limitar mis gastos, I have to limit my spending
    II verbo intransitivo to border: limita al norte con Francia, at North it borders on France

    ' limitar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    constreñir
    - tapiar
    - lindar
    English:
    border on
    - confine
    - limit
    - narrow down
    - restrict
    - border
    * * *
    vt
    1. [restringir] to limit, to restrict;
    quieren limitar el poder del presidente they want to limit o restrict the president's power;
    han limitado la velocidad máxima a cuarenta por hora they've restricted the speed limit to forty kilometres an hour;
    este sueldo tan bajo me limita mucho I can't do very much on such a low salary
    2. [terreno] to mark out;
    limitaron el terreno con una cerca they fenced off the land
    vi
    to border ( con on);
    limita al norte con Venezuela it borders on Venezuela to the north
    * * *
    I v/t limit; ( restringir) limit, restrict
    II v/i
    :
    limitar con border on
    * * *
    restringir: to limit, to restrict
    limitar con : to border on
    * * *
    1. (restringir) to limit
    2. (tener frontera) to border
    España limita con Francia Spain borders on France / Spain has a border with France

    Spanish-English dictionary > limitar

  • 119 В-204

    КАК ВОЗДУХ нужен, необходим и т. п. кому (как + NP Invar adv (intensif)) ( s.o. needs some person or thing) very much
    X нужен Y-y \В-204 - Y needs X as much as the air Y breathes
    X is as necessary to Y as the air Y breathes Y needs X as much as air to breathe.
    После падения Франции я не раз встречал людей... разлагаемых потребностью политической деятельности... Им надобна как воздух сцена и зрители... (Герцен 1). After the fall of France I more than once met people... who were disintegrated by the craving for public activity....A stage and spectators are as necessary to them as the air they breathe... (1a).
    Главное было передохнуть... Передышка нам была нужна как воздух (Мандельштам 2)... The main thing for us was to have a break.... We needed this as much as air to breathe (2a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > В-204

  • 120 лишь

    (= только) only, as soon as, merely, solely, but, nothing but, little more than, not until
    В основном, имеется лишь один способ, чтобы... - There is essentially only one way to...
    Данное ограничение принимается лишь исключительно для удобства. - This restriction is adopted only for reasons of convenience.
    Используемое здесь приближение справедливо лишь для... - The approximation used here is valid only for...
    Мы заинтересованы лишь в (== Мы исследуем лишь)... - We are interested only in...
    Мы можем упомянуть лишь несколько из... - We can touch on only a few of the...
    Мы увидим, что эти методы могут использоваться лишь тогда, когда... - It will be observed that these methods are only applicable when...
    На самом деле мы заинтересованы лишь в... - We are actually only interested in...
    На самом деле мы лишь показали, что... - We have in fact only shown that...
    Необходимо лишь... - It is merely necessary to...; It is only necessary to...
    Однако это всего лишь (= просто) вопрос удобства, а никак не... - But this is merely a matter of convenience, and is not...
    Очевидно, что выполнение соотношения
    (= равенства) (1) возможно лишь (только) тогда, когда... - The fulfillment of (1), clearly, is possible only if...
    Последнее приближение справедливо лишь если... - The last approximation is valid only if...
    Сейчас мы рассмотрим лишь... - At present we shall consider only...
    Это доказывает лишь то, что... - This proves only that...
    Это могло бы лишь означать, что... - This could only mean that...
    Этот аргумент верен лишь тогда, когда... - This argument is only correct when...
    Этот результат полезен лишь тогда, когда... - This result is useful only when...

    Русско-английский словарь научного общения > лишь

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