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(london+fox)

  • 1 Usage note : be

    The direct French equivalent of the verb to be in subject + to be + predicate sentences is être:
    I am tired
    = je suis fatigué
    Caroline is French
    = Caroline est française
    the children are in the garden
    = les enfants sont dans le jardin
    It functions in very much the same way as to be does in English and it is safe to assume it will work as a translation in the great majority of cases.
    Note, however, that when you are specifying a person’s profession or trade, a/an is not translated:
    she’s a doctor
    = elle est médecin
    Claudie is still a student
    = Claudie est toujours étudiante
    This is true of any noun used in apposition when the subject is a person:
    he’s a widower
    = il est veuf
    But
    Lyons is a beautiful city
    = Lyon est une belle ville
    For more information or expressions involving professions and trades consult the usage note Shops, Trades and Professions.
    For the conjugation of the verb être see the French verb tables.
    Grammatical functions
    The passive
    être is used to form the passive in French just as to be is used in English. Note, however, that the past participle agrees in gender and number with the subject:
    the rabbit was killed by a fox
    = le lapin a été tué par un renard
    the window had been broken
    = la fenêtre avait été cassée
    their books will be sold
    = leurs livres seront vendus
    our doors have been repainted red
    = nos portes ont été repeintes en rouge
    In spoken language, French native speakers find the passive cumbersome and will avoid it where possible by using the impersonal on where a person or people are clearly involved : on a repeint nos portes en rouge.
    Progressive tenses
    In French the idea of something happening over a period of time cannot be expressed using the verb être in the way that to be is used as an auxiliary verb in English.
    The present
    French uses simply the present tense where English uses the progressive form with to be:
    I am working
    = je travaille
    Ben is reading a book
    = Ben lit un livre
    The future
    French also uses the present tense where English uses the progressive form with to be:
    we are going to London tomorrow
    = nous allons à Londres demain
    I’m (just) coming!
    = j’arrive!
    I’m (just) going!
    = j’y vais!
    The past
    To express the distinction between she read a newspaper and she was reading a newspaper French uses the perfect and the imperfect tenses: elle a lu un journal/elle lisait un journal:
    he wrote to his mother
    = il a écrit à sa mère
    he was writing to his mother
    = il écrivait à sa mère
    However, in order to accentuate the notion of describing an activity which went on over a period of time, the phrase être en train de (= to be in the process of) is often used:
    ‘what was he doing when you arrived?’
    ‘he was cooking the dinner’
    = ‘qu’est-ce qu’il faisait quand tu es arrivé?’ ‘il était en train de préparer le dîner’
    she was just finishing her essay when …
    = elle était juste en train de finir sa dissertation quand …
    The compound past
    Compound past tenses in the progressive form in English are generally translated by the imperfect in French:
    I’ve been looking for you
    = je te cherchais
    For progressive forms + for and since (I’ve been waiting for an hour, I had been waiting for an hour, I’ve been waiting since Monday etc.) see the entries for and since.
    Obligation
    When to be is used as an auxiliary verb with another verb in the infinitive ( to be to do) expressing obligation, a fixed arrangement or destiny, devoir is used:
    she’s to do it at once
    = elle doit le faire tout de suite
    what am I to do?
    = qu’est-ce que je dois faire?
    he was to arrive last Monday
    = il devait arriver lundi dernier
    she was never to see him again
    = elle ne devait plus le revoir.
    In tag questions
    French has no direct equivalent of tag questions like isn’t he? or wasn’t it? There is a general tag question n’est-ce pas? (literally isn’t it so?) which will work in many cases:
    their house is lovely, isn’t it?
    = leur maison est très belle, n’est-ce pas?
    he’s a doctor, isn’t he?
    = il est médecin, n’est-ce pas?
    it was a very good meal, wasn’t it?
    = c’était un très bon repas, n’est-ce pas?
    However, n’est-ce pas can very rarely be used for positive tag questions and some other way will be found to express the extra meaning contained in the tag: par hasard ( by any chance) can be very useful as a translation:
    ‘I can’t find my glasses’ ‘they’re not in the kitchen, are they?’
    = ‘je ne trouve pas mes lunettes’ ‘elles ne sont pas dans la cuisine, par hasard?’
    you haven’t seen Gaby, have you?
    = tu n’as pas vu Gaby, par hasard?
    In cases where an opinion is being sought, si? meaning more or less or is it? or was it? etc. can be useful:
    it’s not broken, is it?
    = ce n’est pas cassé, si?
    he wasn’t serious, was he?
    = il n’était pas sérieux, si?
    In many other cases the tag question is simply not translated at all and the speaker’s intonation will convey the implied question.
    In short answers
    Again, there is no direct equivalent for short answers like yes I am, no he’s not etc. Where the answer yes is given to contradict a negative question or statement, the most useful translation is si:
    ‘you’re not going out tonight’ ‘yes I am’
    = ‘tu ne sors pas ce soir’ ‘si’
    In reply to a standard enquiry the tag will not be translated:
    ‘are you a doctor?’ ‘yes I am’
    = ‘êtes-vous médecin?’ ‘oui’
    ‘was it raining?’ ‘yes it was’
    = ‘est-ce qu’il pleuvait?’ ‘oui’
    Probability
    For expressions of probability and supposition ( if I were you etc.) see the entry be.
    Other functions
    Expressing sensations and feelings
    In expressing physical and mental sensations, the verb used in French is avoir:
    to be cold
    = avoir froid
    to be hot
    = avoir chaud
    I’m cold
    = j’ai froid
    to be thirsty
    = avoir soif
    to be hungry
    = avoir faim
    to be ashamed
    = avoir honte
    my hands are cold
    = j’ai froid aux mains
    If, however, you are in doubt as to which verb to use in such expressions, you should consult the entry for the appropriate adjective.
    Discussing health and how people are
    In expressions of health and polite enquiries about how people are, aller is used:
    how are you?
    = comment allez-vous?
    ( more informally) comment vas-tu?
    are you well?
    = vous allez bien?
    how is your daughter?
    = comment va votre fille?
    my father is better today
    = mon père va mieux aujourd’hui
    Discussing weather and temperature
    In expressions of weather and temperature faire is generally used:
    it’s cold
    = il fait froid
    it’s windy
    = il fait du vent
    If in doubt, consult the appropriate adjective entry.
    Visiting somewhere
    When to be is used in the present perfect tense to mean go, visit etc., French will generally use the verbs venir, aller etc. rather than être:
    I’ve never been to Sweden
    = je ne suis jamais allé en Suède
    have you been to the Louvre?
    = est-ce que tu es déjà allé au Louvre?
    or est-ce que tu as déjà visité le Louvre?
    Paul has been to see us three times
    = Paul est venu nous voir trois fois
    Note too:
    has the postman been?
    = est-ce que le facteur est passé?
    For here is, here are, there is, there are see the entries here and there.
    The translation for an expression or idiom containing the verb to be will be found in the dictionary at the entry for another word in the expression: for to be in danger see danger, for it would be best to … see best etc.
    This dictionary contains usage notes on topics such as the clock, time units, age, weight measurement, days of the week, and shops, trades and professions, many of which include translations of particular uses of to be.

    Big English-French dictionary > Usage note : be

  • 2 chase

    chase [tʃeɪs]
    (a) (pursue) poursuivre;
    ∎ two police cars chased the van deux voitures de police ont pris la camionnette en chasse;
    ∎ the dog chased the postman down the street le chien a poursuivi le facteur jusqu'en bas de la rue;
    ∎ the reporters were chased from or out of the house les journalistes furent chassés de la maison
    (b) (amorously) courir (après);
    ∎ he's always chasing young women il est toujours à courir (après) les filles
    (c) (try to obtain) courir après;
    ∎ there are thousands of applicants chasing only a few jobs il y a des milliers de candidats qui courent après quelques postes seulement
    (d) (engrave → gold, silver) ciseler
    (e) Metallurgy (emboss) repousser
    ∎ (rush) she chased all around London to find a wedding dress elle a parcouru ou fait tout Londres pour trouver une robe de mariée
    3 noun
    (a) (pursuit) poursuite f;
    ∎ the hounds gave chase to the fox la meute a pris le renard en chasse;
    ∎ the prisoner climbed over the wall and the guards gave chase le prisonnier escalada le mur et les gardiens se lancèrent à sa poursuite
    (b) Cycling poursuite f
    (c) Hunting (sport, land, game) chasse f
    (d) Horseracing steeple m
    (e) (groove) saignée
    (f) Typography châssis m
    être à la poursuite de, poursuivre; (amorously) courir après;
    ∎ we've been all over town chasing after that spare part nous avons dû faire tout le tour de la ville pour trouver cette pièce détachée
    chasser
    (runner, cyclist) poursuivre
    (a) (information) rechercher
    (b) (organization, person) relancer;
    ∎ can you chase up the manager for me? pouvez-vous relancer le directeur à propos de ce que je lui ai demandé?;
    ∎ I had to chase him up for the £50 he owed me j'ai dû lui réclamer les 50 livres qu'il me devait;
    ∎ I'll chase the matter up for you je vais tenter d'activer les choses pour vous

    Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > chase

  • 3 flying

    flying ['flaɪɪŋ]
    1 noun
    (a) (piloting plane) pilotage m; (travelling by plane) voyage m en avion;
    ∎ I love flying (as pilot) j'adore piloter; (as traveller) j'adore prendre l'avion;
    ∎ to be afraid of flying avoir peur de prendre l'avion;
    ∎ he goes flying at the weekends le week-end, il fait de l'aviation
    (b) (of flag) déploiement m
    (a) (animal, insect) volant;
    ∎ they were hurt by flying glass ils ont été blessés par des bris de verre
    (b) (school) d'aviation; (staff) navigant
    (c) (fast) rapide;
    ∎ a flying jump or leap un saut avec élan;
    ∎ she took a flying leap over the fence elle a sauté par-dessus la barrière
    ∎ to pass with flying colours réussir brillamment
    ►► flying ambulance avion-ambulance m;
    flying boat hydravion m;
    flying bomb bombe f volante;
    Building industry flying buttress arc-boutant m;
    flying circus (exhibition) voltige f aérienne; (group) groupe m de voltige aérienne;
    flying club aéro-club m;
    Military flying column colonne f mobile, groupement m mobile;
    American Aviation flying corps corps m d'armée aérien;
    flying doctor médecin m volant;
    the Flying Dutchman (legend) le Hollandais volant;
    Ichthyology flying fish poisson m volant, exocet m;
    Aviation flying fortress forteresse f volante;
    Zoology flying fox roussette f;
    Zoology flying lemur galéopithèque m;
    flying lessons leçons fpl de pilotage (aérien);
    Zoology flying lizard dragon m volant;
    flying machine machine f volante;
    Aviation flying officer lieutenant m de l'armée de l'air;
    Industry flying picket piquet m de grève volant;
    flying saucer soucoupe f volante;
    Zoology flying snake serpent m volant;
    the Flying Squad = brigade de détectives britanniques spécialisés dans la grande criminalité;
    Zoology flying squirrel écureuil m volant;
    Sport flying start départ m lancé;
    ∎ the runner got off to a flying start le coureur est parti comme une flèche;
    ∎ figurative she got off to a flying start in the competition lors de la compétition, elle est partie comme une flèche ou elle a pris un départ foudroyant;
    ∎ the campaign got off to a flying start la campagne a démarré sur les chapeaux de roues;
    ∎ his experience gives him a flying start over the others son expérience lui donne un très net avantage sur les autres;
    flying suit combinaison f d'aviateur;
    Sport flying tackle = plongeon pour plaquer ou stopper quelqu'un;
    flying time heures fpl ou temps m de vol;
    ∎ 200 hours' flying time 200 heures de vol;
    flying visit visite f éclair;
    ∎ to pay a flying visit to London faire une visite éclair à Londres
    ✾ Music 'The Flying Dutchman' Wagner 'Le Vaisseau fantôme'

    Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > flying

См. также в других словарях:

  • London FOX — Futures and Options Exchange …   Accounting dictionary

  • Fox and Knot Court —    West out of Cow Lane and north through Fox and Knot Inn to Chick Lane, in Farringdon Ward Without (Horwood, 1799 Elmes, 1831).    Called Foxes Court in O. and M. 1677 Strype, 1755.    Site now covered by Smithfield Market and the railway lines …   Dictionary of London

  • FOX, CHARLES — (1876–1964), British psychologist. Born in London, Fox lectured at the Westminster Hospital Medical School and at the Cambridge University Training College for Schoolmasters. In 1919 he was appointed principal of the Training College and director …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • Fox and Knot Inn —    See Fox and Knot Court …   Dictionary of London

  • Fox Court, Cow Lane —    See Fox and Knot Court …   Dictionary of London

  • Fox Court, Nicholas Lane —    See Fox Ordinary Court …   Dictionary of London

  • Fox Ordinary Court —    West out of St. Nicholas Lane. In Candlewick and Langbourne Wards (O. and M. 1677 Elmes, 1831).     Fox Court in Hatton, 1708.    Removed c. 1831 for the formation of King William Street.    So named from a public eating House there formerly… …   Dictionary of London

  • Fox and Goose Inn, Yard —    On the south side of London Wall, in Cripplegate Ward Within (Hatton, 1708 Boyle, 1799), between Coleman and Basinghall Streets.    Site rebuilt in the 19th century.    Name derived from the union of two signs …   Dictionary of London

  • London Commodity Exchange — LCE A commodity exchange, which emerged in 1954 as a successor to the London Commercial Sale Rooms. It merged with the Soft Commodity Futures Trade Association to form a single Recognized Investment Exchange under the Financial Services Act… …   Accounting dictionary

  • London Commodity Exchange — LCE A commodity exchange, which emerged in 1954 as a successor to the London Commercial Sale Rooms. In 1987 it became the Futures and Options Exchange (London FOX), Europe s leading market for futures and options in soft commodities, and in 1996… …   Big dictionary of business and management

  • Fox and Goose Hotel London (The) (London) — Fox and Goose Hotel London (The) country: United Kingdom, city: London (Ealing) Fox and Goose Hotel London (The) Location Located in Hanger Lane, Fox and Goose Hotel London is a truly strategic hub for travellers. The property is close enough to… …   International hotels

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