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101 automatic
автоматический аппарат; II автоматический; самодействующий; автоматизированный- automatic acceleration control unit - automatic accumulator charging - automatic action - automatic adjustment - automatic adjustment mechanism - automatic advance control - automatic air regulator - automatic alarm - automatic alarm signal transmitter - automatic alternation - automatic amplitude control - automatic arc welding - automatic arc welding machine - automatic arc-welding machine - automatic assemblage - automatic assembly - automatic assembly machine - automatic backing-up - automatic backlash control - automatic backup - automatic balance control - automatic balancer - automatic balancing - automatic bar fed turning center - automatic bar feed - automatic bias control - automatic block - automatic bonding unit - automatic brake - automatic brake adjuster - automatic brake arrangement - automatic brake controller - automatic braking - automatic braking system - automatic brazing equipment - automatic buffing machine - automatic burette - automatic butt splicer - automatic calibration - automatic cam-controlled machine - automatic cathead - automatic centering - automatic chain-bending machine - automatic change of tools - automatic change-over - automatic change-over switch - automatic check - automatic check-out recording equipment - automatic checking balance - automatic checking machine - automatic checkout equipment - automatic checkout system - automatic checkout-and-readiness equipment - automatic choke - automatic chuck - automatic chuck extractor - automatic chuck-changing system - automatic chuck jaw changing - automatic chucker - automatic circuit - automatic circuit breaker - automatic circuit recloser - automatic climate control system - automatic closing system - automatic clutch - automatic cold upsetter - automatic come-along clamp - automatic compensation option - automatic compensator - automatic consistency checking - automatic constant tension mooring winch - automatic control - automatic control actuator - automatic control channel - automatic control circuit - automatic control engineering - automatic control equipment - automatic control halting instruction - automatic control installation - automatic control loop - automatic control rod - automatic control system - automatic controller - automatic conveying - automatic coupler - automatic coupling - automatic coupling device - automatic coupling screwing unit - automatic crab winch - automatic crimper - automatic crossover - automatic cut-out torque wrench - automatic cutout - automatic cycle - automatic cycle mechanism - automatic cycle working - automatic cycling equipment - automatic data analyzer - automatic data distribution - automatic data entry - automatic data processing - automatic data processing field branch - automatic data unit - automatic datum search - automatic deicing system - automatic device - automatic diagnosis - automatic diagnostic-and-recovery system - automatic discharging device - automatic disk changer - automatic door - automatic door closer - automatic door photoelectric relay - automatic drilling control - automatic drilling rig - automatic drinking bowl - automatic drive - automatic drive detection - automatic drive engagement - automatic dump - automatic-dump truck - automatic dust ejector - automatic dust unloading valve - automatic ejection - automatic electric drive - electrical drive - automatic electrode changer - automatic elevator - automatic emergency valve - automatic end stop - automatic error correction - automatic error detection - automatic exchange of tools - automatic expansion valve - automatic fault detection - automatic fault finding - automatic fault isolation - automatic fault isolation tester - automatic fault reporting - automatic fault signalling - automatic feature - automatic feed - automatic feed drill - automatic feed-off mechanism - automatic feeder - automatic feeding mechanism - automatic feedoff - automatic fire alarm - automatic fire alarm system - automatic fire annunciator - automatic fire detector - automatic fire sprinkler - automatic fixturing system - automatic flanger - automatic float-type pump-out unit - automatic flour meter - automatic flow tank - automatic focus correction servo-system - automatic forging machine - automatic front wheel drive engagement - automatic fuel economizing device - automatic fuel-control unit - automatic fuel saving device - automatic fuel shut-off - automatic fuse - automatic gage - automatic gaging-and-compensating system - automatic gain adjustment - automatic gain control - automatic gas-cutting machine - automatic gas-welding machine - automatic gate - automatic gate closer - automatic gate opener - automatic gauging - automatic gearbox - automatic generating plant - automatic generator - automatic grab - automatic gripper change - automatic gripper control - automatic guided vehicle - automatic half-hose machine - automatic heater - automatic hill holder - automatic hinged trip spider - automatic hitch - automatic holding - automatic holding device - automatic hopper-feed machine - automatic humidity regulator - automatic identification- Auto-ID- AIS - automatic idling control - automatic ignition - automatic ignition system - automatic ignition timing - automatic input - automatic insertion - automatic interlocking - automatic internal diagnosis - automatic jaw changer - automatic jaw shift device - automatic latching - automatic level - automatic level compensation - automatic level control - automatic level control system - automatic level gauge - automatic level setup - automatic leveling control system - automatic light - automatic light control - automatic light regulation - automatic line - automatic line disconnection - automatic line switching - ALS - automatic load control - automatic load sustaining brake - automatic load-gripping device - automatic loader - automatic loading - automatic lock - automatic locking - automatic locking holder - automatic locking hub - automatic locking spindle - automatic lockout - automatic lockout feature - automatic lubrication - automatic lubricator - automatic machine cycle - automatic magazine bar feed - automatic maintenance - automatic manipulator - automatic measurement-and-compensation system - automatic measuring facilities - automatic metal forming machine - automatic mixture control - automatic mode switching - automatic moisture regulator - automatic monitoring - automatic motor control gear - automatic movements starting - automatic multicam machine - automatic noise limiter - automatic noise-reduction system - automatic oil-flow controller - automatic oiling - automatic opening circuit breaker - automatic opening cover - automatic optimization - automatic overload control - automatic overload limiter - automatic overload stop - automatic packing - automatic pallet handler - automatic pallet storage-retrieval system - automatic part gaging - automatic part-loading conveyor - automatic photodetector - automatic pipe handling system - automatic pipe stabber - automatic placement - automatic plant - automatic polishing machine - automatic positioning - automatic power control - automatic power drawbar control - automatic power rotary scraper - automatic power slips - automatic press for cold pressing of nuts - automatic press for stamping electric motor stator and rotor notches - automatic pressure control - automatic pressure regulator - automatic probe changer - automatic probe changing - automatic probing cycle - automatic punch - automatic rack stacker - automatic radiator shutter - automatic ram pile driver - automatic reading - automatic reclosing circuit breaker - automatic recovery - automatic recovery program - automatic regulation - automatic regulation of belt tension - automatic regulation of drive chain tension - automatic regulation rod - automatic regulator - automatic release - automatic releaser - automatic repeat - automatic remote control - automatic reset - automatic reset-data circuit - automatic restart - automatic return - automatic return valve - automatic rotary line - automatic router - automatic routine - automatic rpm changer - automatic safety device - automatic sample changer - automatic sampler - automatic sampling - automatic sampling device - automatic sampling equipment - automatic sand-blasting machine - automatic scales - automatic screen - automatic selective overdrive - automatic sensitivity control - automatic set point - automatic shaft-position data encoder - automatic shaker bag - automatic shank spindle - automatic shift - automatic shut-off valve - automatic shutdown - automatic side-dumping - automatic signaling - automatic signalization - automatic size control tooling - automatic sorting machine - automatic spark advance - automatic spark advance governor - automatic spark advance magneto - automatic spark timer - automatic spectrometer - automatic spectrophotometer - automatic speed compensation - automatic speed control - automatic speed selection device - automatic spider - automatic spindle gear changing - automatic sprinkler fire control system - automatic stability - automatic stability controls - automatic stabilization and control system - automatic stabilizer - automatic stacker crane - automatic start - automatic starting - automatic starting motor - automatic start-up - automatic steel - automatic steering - automatic step selection - automatic stop - automatic stop switch - automatic straightening and cutting machine - automatic strip-straightening machine - automatic submerged-arc welder - automatic submerged-arc welding - automatic sucker rod spanner - automatic suction pump - automatic surveillance - automatic switch - automatic switchable redundance - automatic switchboard - automatic swivel spindle - automatic synchronization - automatic synchronizer - automatic takeup - automatic takeup mechanism - automatic temperature recording controller - automatic temperature regulator - automatic tensioning winch - automatic test analysis system - automatic test equipment - automatic test system - automatic thrust adjustment - automatic time switch - automatic time-delay switch - automatic timed magneto - automatic timer - automatic timing - automatic timing control - automatic timing device - automatic tipper - automatic tool changing apparatus - automatic tool transport mechanism - automatic tool wear-tool broken sensing system - automatic toolsetting - automatic tongs - automatic training idler - automatic transmission - automatic transmission fluid - automatic trip - automatic troubleshooting - automatic tuning - automatic two-speed geared head - automatic update - automatic vacuum deposition system - automatic valve - automatic valve adjustment - automatic viscosity controller - automatic voltage control - automatic voltage regulator - automatic warehousing - automatic warning - automatic washer - automatic water bowl - automatic water spray fire-fighting system - automatic weight controller - automatic weighing machine - automatic weigher - automatic weld - automatic welder - automatic welding - automatic welding machine - automatic wire feed - automatic workhandling - automatic workhandling device - automatic zero adjustment - automatic zero set -
102 axle
ось; полуось; вал; мост; ведущий мост; поперечная балка моста; шпиндель; валик- axle and wheel aligner - axle arm - axle arrangement - axle attachment to spring - axle assembly - axle base - axle beam - axle bearing - axle bearing puller - axle bed - axle body - axle box - axle cap - axle cap bolt - axle cap filler cover - axle casing - axle centering - axle clearance - axle compartment - axle configuration - axle design weight - axle drive - axle drive gear - axle drive bevel gear - axle drive bevel pinion - axle drive bevel wheel - axle drive pinion - axle drive pinion carrier - axle drive shaft - axle driven gear - axle end - axle fore-and-aft shake - axle fracture - axle grease - axle-ground clearance - axle housing - axle-hung - axle input - axle journal - axle journal collar - axle load - axle load indicator - axle-load distribution - axle-load sensor - axle-load transfer - axle lubricant - axle-mounted disk brake - axle neck - axle noise - axle nut - axle nut washer - axle pad - axle packing - axle pin - axle press - axle puller - axle pulling bushing - axle run-out - axle rating - axle ratio - axle seat - axle shaft - axle shaft extractor - axle shaft gear - axle shaft housing - axle shaft oil seal - axle side shake - axle sleeve - axle spacing - axle spindle - axle stand - axle straightener - axle straightening iron - axle straightening tool set - axle suspension - axle suspension steering linkage - axle swivel - axle tools - axle-tree - axle tube - axle weight - axle weight limit - axle windup - axle yaw- air axle- bearing axle - bent axle - brake axle - brake lever axle - breaker lever axle - cambered axle - cambered live axle - car axle - cardan axle - carrying axle - chain pinion axle - channel-section axle - conventional axle - core axle - coupling axle - crank axle - cranked axle - dead axle - differential axle - divided axle - double-joint rear axle - drilling bit leg axle - driving axle - drop axle - dual-performance rear axle - Elliot axle - end axle - fixed axle - flared tubular axle - flexible axle - floating axle - fore axle - foremost axle - forked axle - forward rear axle - free axle - free steering axle - front axle - full floating axle - guiding axle - half-axle - hollow axle - I-beam axle - intermediate axle - internal-geared axle - leading axle - light-duty axle - live axle - loose axle - medium-duty axle - mounted axle - movable axle - oscillating axle - pivot axle - pivoted axle - pony axle - radial axle - radius rod controlled axle - rear axle - rear-rear axle - rearmost axle - reverse Elliot axle - rigid axle - rotating axle - semi-axle - semifloating axle - semifloating rear axle - set-back front axle - shaft axle - shifting axle - solid axle - sowing axle - stationary axle - steering axle - steering clutch release crank axle - straight axle - stub axle - supporting axle - swing axle - tandem axles - three-quarter floating axle - trailing axle - tubular axle - two-speed axle - universally jointed axle - withdrawable back axle - or rear axle - wheel axle -
103 cutting
стружка; опилки; лоскутки; обрезки; обрезь; обрезок (пиломатериал); нарезание; насечка; резание; резка (напр. газовая); разрезка; разрезание; срезание; перерезание; строжка; обработка резанием; фрезерование; гранение; выемка (бульдозером); разъединение; разрыв; отсоединение; отключение; выключение; отсечка (тока); запирание (цепи); отсечение; вырезание; отбрасывание стр. выемка грунта; лес. подрубка; врубка; рубка; тесание; распиливание; с.х. косьба; кошение; покос; отросток; отводок; черенок- cutting accuracy - cutting amperage - cutting and bending - cutting-and-mixing machine - cutting-and-molding machine - cutting and shearing plant - cutting angle - cutting apparatus - cutting area - cutting area work - cutting assemblage - cutting axis - cutting-back - cutting band - cutting-bit head - cutting burrs - cutting by blowtorch - cutting by waterjet - cutting cam - cutting capability - cutting ceramics - cutting chain - cutting chute - cutting conditions - cutting coolant - cutting-cooling medium - cutting cycle - cutting depth - cutting device - cutting diamond - cutting die - cutting divider - cutting down - cutting-down - cutting drag - cutting drum - cutting-edge - cutting edge - cutting edge angle - cutting edge configuration - cutting edge form - cutting edge inclination - cutting edge length - cutting edge normal plane - cutting edge of a knife - cutting edge of machining technology - cutting edge package - cutting-edge seal - cutting edge sharpness - cutting edge technology - cutting-edge technology - cutting edge tip - cutting effect - cutting efficiency - cutting effort - cutting electrode - cutting emulsion - cutting end - cutting end shape - cutting energy - cutting engagement - cutting equipment - cutting face - cutting feed rate - cutting feed speed - cutting flame - cutting fluid - cutting-fluid recycling - cutting flute - cutting force - cutting force component - cutting force deflection - cutting force dynamometer - cutting force-induced error - cutting force per unit area of cut - cutting force per unit width of cut - cutting forceps - cutting frame - cutting from the solid - cutting gage - cutting gas - cutting geometry - cutting giant - cutting grade - cutting head - cutting head assembly - cutting-head-height-and-collision sensor - cutting heat - cutting height - cutting-in - cutting in a smooth pattern - cutting in a spiral pattern - cutting-in speed - cutting-in speed of over drive - cutting-in time - cutting inaccuracies - cutting insert - cutting installation - cutting instrument - cutting interval - cutting iron - cutting jet - cutting jib - cutting job - cutting knife - cutting laser tool - cutting length - cutting life - cutting line - cutting liquid - cutting load - cutting load signal - cutting-loading machine - cutting lubricant - cutting machine - cutting machine scratch - cutting machine tool technology - cutting machine with coordinate drive - cutting material - cutting mechanics - cutting mechanism - cutting medium - cutting member - cutting metal - cutting mode - cutting motion - cutting movement - cutting nippers - cutting noise - cutting nozzle - cutting of fuel oils - cutting-off-abrasive wheel - cutting-off - cutting-off bit tool - cutting-off EDM - cutting-off grinding - cutting-off lathe - cutting-off machine - cutting-off saw - cutting-off tool - cutting oil - cutting-oil deflector - cutting oil freshener - cutting oil separator - cutting operation - cutting orientation - cutting out - cutting-out - cutting-out of rivets - cutting out of square - cutting-out press - cutting oxygen - cutting oxygen tube - cutting parameters - cutting part - cutting pass - cutting path - cutting path supporting points - cutting pattern - cutting performance - cutting period - cutting perpendicular force - cutting pick - cutting plan - cutting plane - cutting plane line - cutting plate - cutting platform - cutting pliers - cutting point - cutting-point angle - cutting position - cutting power - cutting-practice rules - cutting press - cutting profile - cutting program - cutting prong - cutting propagation - cutting pulse - cutting punch - cutting quality - cutting radius - digging radius - cutting rate - cutting region - cutting relief angle - cutting resistance - cutting resistance per tooth - cutting rib - cutting right to size - cutting rim - cutting ring - cutting ring coupling - cutting roll - cutting room - cutting rotor - cutting rule - cutting run - cutting scallops - cutting sequence - cutting-shearing drilling bit - cutting shoe - cutting simulation - cutting size - cutting size of core diamond bit - cutting speed - cutting speed chart plate - cutting speed control mechanism - cutting speed for milling - cutting speed indicator - cutting spindle - cutting stretch - cutting stroke - cutting stroke drive - cutting surface - cutting table - cutting tap - cutting technology - cutting technology routine - cutting teeth - cutting temperature - cutting test - cutting the loop - cutting-through of a tunnel - cutting thrust - cutting thrust force - cutting time - cutting-time monitor - cutting tip - cutting to a shoulder - cutting to length - cutting to size - cutting tool - cutting tool assembly - cutting tool body - cutting tool cartridge - cutting tool collet - cutting tool contact indicator - cutting tool control macro - cutting tool data - utting tool edge - cutting tool engineering - cutting tool force - cutting tool holder - cutting tool industry - cutting tool insert - cutting tool lubricant - cutting tool materials - cutting tool measurement system - cutting tool outlet - cutting tool technology - cutting tool with inserted blades - cutting tooth - cutting torch - cutting torque - cutting-type core drilling bit - cutting-type drilling bit - cutting unit - cutting up - cutting-up line - cutting value - cutting waste - cutting wear - cutting wedge - cutting wheel - cutting wheel carrier - cutting width - cutting-winning machine - cutting with preheating - cutting work - cutting zone - abrasive cutting - abrasive cutting-off - abrasive waterjet cutting - accretion cutting - across cutting - adaptive control cutting - air-arc cutting - air plasma cutting - angle cutting - approach cutting - arc cutting - arc-oxygene cutting - back-off cutting - bottom cutting - burrless cutting - cable cutting - cam cutting - carbide cutting - carbon-arc cutting - cleaning cutting - climb cutting - composite cutting - consecutive tool cutting - creep cutting - cross-cutting - cryogenic cutting - curved cutting - 2D profile cutting - 3D profile cutting - deep cutting - deskill cutting - diagonal cutting - diamond cutting - double cutting - double-roll cutting - double-roll tooth cutting - drill cuttings - dry cutting - ED cutting-off - ED wire cutting - edge cutting - electric arc-gas jet cutting - electrochemical hole cutting - electrochemical wire cutting - electroerosion cutting - end cutting - fabric cutting - finishing cutting - flame cutting - flux injetion cutting - form cutting - form tooth cutting - friction cutting - fusion cutting - gas cutting - gas metal cutting - gas-shielded arc cutting - gas-shielded tungsten-arc cutting - gas tungsten cutting - gear cutting - grass cutting - groove cutting - guided hand cutting - hand cutting - heavy cutting - high-pressure water-assisted cutting - hoisting and drilling load cuttings - hydraulic cutting - hydrogene cutting - in-line cutting - inserted carbide cutting - internal cutting - internally fed wet cutting - interrupted cutting - irregular depth cutting - keyway cutting - lance cutting - laser cutting - lateral cutting - length cutting - light cutting - little-and-often cutting - low-rpm cutting - machine cutting - manual air-plasma jet cutting - measure cutting - metal cutting - metal-arc cutting - metal powder cutting - miter cutting - multipass cutting - multiple milling cutting - multiple thread cutting - multitool cutting - oblique cutting - orthogonal cutting - oxy-arc cutting - oxygene-arc cutting - oxy-fuel cutting - oxy-fuel gas cutting - oxyacetylene cutting - oxyacetylene flame cutting - oxygen arc cutting - oxygen assisted laser cutting - oxygene lance cutting - oxyhydrogen cutting - oxy-propane cutting - part cutting - percussion cutting - peritheral cutting - pipe cuttings - plasma arc cutting - plasma flame cutting - plasma-jet cutting - playback laser cutting - plunge cutting - press cutting - polygon cutting - polygonal cutting - profile cutting - punch cutting - railway cutting - right-angle cutting - rotary cutting - rough cutting - round cutting - sample cutting - screw cutting - scroll cutting - see-saw cutting - setable minimum cutting - shape cutting - shear cuttings - shear-speed cutting - shielded metal arc cutting - side cutting - sideways cutting - single-pass cutting - single-point cutting - single-point thread cutting - skip cutting - slice cutting - solid cutting - spark cutting - spiral cuttings - spiral-bevel-gear cutting - spur-gear cutting - stack cutting - steel cuttings - straight line cutting - taper cutting - thermal cutting - thread cutting - tooth cutting - torch cutting - transverse cutting - tungsten-arc cutting - two-way cutting - ultrasonic cutting - up cutting - waterjet cutting - waterjet-assisted mechanical cutting - wet cutting - wire cutting -
104 force
сила; усилие; пробойник; бородок; пуансон; II усиливать; надевать с усилием; вставлять с усилием; форсировать; принуждать; заставлять; нагнетать; загонять; перегружать (машину); ускорять (ход, движение); напрягать; рез. шприцевать- combine the forces - force-and-tone adjusting screw - force back - force circulation - force conditions - force down - force fan - force feed - force-feed lubrication - force in - force intensity - force lift - force-limiting device - force of cohesion - force of compression - force of cut - force of friction - force of gravity - force of inertia - force of man - force of periphery - force off - force on - force out - force-pump - force through - force together - force triangle - force vector - attractive force - bearing force - coercitive force - cross-wind force - deflecting force - directing force - equilibrant force - friction force - injection force - internal force - lifting force - magnetizing force - mechanical force - motive force - moving force - peripheral force - propelling force - rated force - repair force - resistance force - resultant force - seepage force - side force - starting force - supporting force - tensile force - towing force - tractive force -
105 quotation
котировка; курс; цена• -
106 exterior
1. n внешность, наружность; внешний, наружный вид2. n экстерьер3. n l4. n внешнее, несущественное, кажущееся5. n внешние обстоятельства6. n театр. декорация, изображающая пейзаж7. n спец. внешняя часть, внешняя область8. a внешний, наружный9. a кино натурныйexterior shooting — натурная съёмка, съёмка на открытом воздухе
10. a посторонний, сторонний11. a чужеземный, иностранный; зарубежныйСинонимический ряд:1. external (adj.) alfresco; external; outdoor; outer; outmost; outside; outward; over2. extraneous (adj.) extraneous; extrinsic; foreign; marginal; outlying; peripheral; superficial; surface3. appearance (noun) appearance; aspect; covering; demeanor; face; mien; outside; skin; superficies; surfaceАнтонимический ряд:important; inner; inside; interior; internal -
107 roll
1. n рулонswiveling roll — рулон, установленный на поворотной стойке
expiring roll — подлежащий замене рулон; сработанный рулон
2. n клубок3. n свиток4. n воен. скатка5. n катышек, катыш6. n валик7. n валик пишущей машинкиtape-feed roll — лентопротяжный ролик; лентопротяжный валик
overhang roll — выносной вал каландра; консольный валок
dancer roll loop — петля, образуемая плавающим валиком
8. n булочка9. n разг. булочник, пекарь10. n рулет11. n список; реестр; ведомость12. n воен. именной список личного составаassessment roll — список лиц и имуществ, облагаемых налогом
13. n юр. официальный список адвокатовto strike from the roll — вычеркнуть из списка; лишить адвокатских прав
14. n шотл. юр. список дел, назначенных к слушанию15. n протокол16. n ист. судебный архив на Парк-Лейн17. n вращение, катание18. n крен19. n качание, колыхание20. n походка вразвалку21. n раскатthe distant roll of thunder — отдалённый раскат бой барабана; барабанная дробь
22. n волнистая поверхность23. n рукописная книга24. n пачка денег25. n амер. жарг. деньгиbig roll — большой куш; куча денег
26. n спорт. кувырок27. n спорт. бросок, переворотback flip, stomach roll — переворот назад, с перекатом на грудь
28. n спорт. тех. валок; вал, барабан, цилиндр, ролик, каток29. n спорт. архит. завиток ионической капители30. n спорт. горн. неровности в кровле угольного пластаprofiling roll — профильный валок; профильный вал
31. n спорт. геол. антиклиналь32. n спорт. ав. бочка, двойной переворот через крыло33. n спорт. мягкая папка34. v катить35. v катиться36. v вертеть, вращать37. v вертеться, вращаться38. v катать39. v кататься40. v свёртывать, сворачивать, скатыватьto roll up — закатывать ; скатывать, свёртывать
roll up — скатывать, свёртывать
41. v завёртывать, заворачивать42. v качать, колыхать43. v качаться, колыхаться; волноваться44. v крениться45. v мор. испытывать бортовую качку46. v ходить покачиваясь или вразвалку47. v плавно течь, катить свои волны; струиться48. v клубитьсябыть холмистым, неровным
49. v греметь, грохотать50. v произносить раскатисто, громко51. v звучать52. v выбивать дробь53. v раскатывать54. v полигр. накатывать55. v амер. продвигаться, двигаться вперёд56. v амер. сл. грабить57. v амер. сл. совершать уличное ограбление58. v амер. сл. прикатывать, укатывать59. v амер. сл. трамбовать катком60. v амер. сл. прокатывать; вальцевать, плющить61. v амер. сл. преим. тлв. кино, запускать; готовить к действиюСинонимический ряд:1. crash (noun) crash; peal; roar; rumble; thunderclap2. cylinder (noun) barrel; cylinder; drum; reel; roller; spindle; spool; trundle; tube3. document (noun) catalog; catalogue; document; inventory; list; register; roll call; schedule; scroll4. roster (noun) muster; muster roll; roster5. throw (noun) throw; toss6. boom (verb) boom; growl; grumble; rumble7. coil (verb) coil; curl; twirl; wind8. flow (verb) flow; glide; sail9. furl (verb) furl10. invest (verb) cover; drape; enfold; enswathe; envelop; enwrap; invest; swaddle; swathe; wrap; wrap up11. pitch (verb) cant; lurch; pitch; seesaw; tilt; yaw12. ponder (verb) deliberate; meditate; mull over; muse; ponder; ruminate; turn over13. pour (verb) gush; pour; sluice; stream; surge14. turn (verb) bowl; circle; circumduct; gyrate; gyre; revolve; rotate; spin; turn; wheel; whirl15. wallow (verb) bask; indulge; luxuriate; revel; rollick; wallow; welter16. wander (verb) bat; circumambulate; drift; gad; gallivant; maunder; meander; mooch; ramble; range; roam; rove; straggle; stray; traipse; vagabond; vagabondize; wander17. wave (verb) billow; heave; rock; sway; swing; toss; undulate; wave -
108 storage capacity
1. емкостьregister capacity — емкость регистра; разрядность регистра
2. емкость памяти3. ёмкость памятиholding capacity — ёмкость, вместимость
4. емкость складского помещенияcapacity value — мощность; величина мощности; емкость
English-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > storage capacity
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109 tank capacity
1. вместимость топливного бака2. емкость резонансного контураregister capacity — емкость регистра; разрядность регистра
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110 Foreign policy
The guiding principle of Portuguese foreign policy since the founding of the monarchy in the 12th century has been the maintenance of Portugal's status first as an independent kingdom and, later, as a sovereign nation-state. For the first 800 years of its existence, Portuguese foreign policy and diplomacy sought to maintain the independence of the Portuguese monarchy, especially in relationship to the larger and more powerful Spanish monarchy. During this period, the Anglo- Portuguese Alliance, which began with a treaty of commerce and friendship signed between the kings of Portugal and England in 1386 (the Treaty of Windsor) and continued with the Methuen Treaty in 1703, sought to use England ( Great Britain after 1707) as a counterweight to its landward neighbor, Spain.As three invasions of Portugal by Napoleon's armies during the first decade of the 19th century proved, however, Spain was not the only threat to Portugal's independence and security. Portugal's ally, Britain, provided a counterweight also to a threatening France on more than one occasion between 1790 and 1830. During the 19th century, Portugal's foreign policy became largely subordinate to that of her oldest ally, Britain, and standard Portuguese histories describe Portugal's situation as that of a "protectorate" of Britain. In two key aspects during this time of international weakness and internal turmoil, Portugal's foreign policy was under great pressure from her ally, world power Britain: responses to European conflicts and to the situation of Portugal's scattered, largely impoverished overseas empire. Portugal's efforts to retain massive, resource-rich Brazil in her empire failed by 1822, when Brazil declared its independence. Britain's policy of favoring greater trade and commerce opportunities in an autonomous Brazil was at odds with Portugal's desperate efforts to hold Brazil.Following the loss of Brazil and a renewed interest in empire in tropical Africa, Portugal sought to regain a more independent initiative in her foreign policy and, especially after 1875, overseas imperial questions dominated foreign policy concerns. From this juncture, through the first Republic (1910-26) and during the Estado Novo, a primary purpose of Portuguese foreign policy was to maintain Portuguese India, Macau, and its colonies in Africa: Angola, Mozambique, and Guinea- Bissau. Under the direction of the dictator, Antônio de Oliveira Salazar, further efforts were made to reclaim a measure of independence of foreign policy, despite the tradition of British dominance. Salazar recognized the importance of an Atlantic orientation of the country's foreign policy. As Herbert Pell, U.S. Ambassador to Portugal (1937-41), observed in a June 1939 report to the U.S. Department of State, Portugal's leaders understood that Portugal must side with "that nation which dominates the Atlantic."During the 1930s, greater efforts were made in Lisbon in economic, financial, and foreign policy initiatives to assert a greater measure of flexibility in her dependence on ally Britain. German economic interests made inroads in an economy whose infrastructure in transportation, communication, and commerce had long been dominated by British commerce and investors. Portugal's foreign policy during World War II was challenged as both Allied and Axis powers tested the viability of Portugal's official policy of neutrality, qualified by a customary bow to the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance. Antônio de Oliveira Salazar, who served as minister of foreign affairs, as well as prime minister, during 1936-45, sought to sell his version of neutrality to both sides in the war and to do so in a way that would benefit Portugal's still weak economy and finance. Portugal's status as a neutral was keenly tested in several cases, including Portugal's agreeing to lease military bases to Britain and the United States in the Azores Islands and in the wolfram (tungsten ore) question. Portugal's foreign policy experienced severe pressures from the Allies in both cases, and Salazar made it clear to his British and American counterparts that Portugal sought to claim the right to make independent choices in policy, despite Portugal's military and economic weakness. In tense diplomatic negotiations with the Allies over Portugal's wolfram exports to Germany as of 1944, Salazar grew disheartened and briefly considered resigning over the wolfram question. Foreign policy pressure on this question diminished quickly on 6 June 1944, as Salazar decreed that wolfram mining, sales, and exports to both sides would cease for the remainder of the war. After the United States joined the Allies in the war and pursued an Atlantic strategy, Portugal discovered that her relationship with the dominant ally in the emerging United Nations was changing and that the U.S. would replace Britain as the key Atlantic ally during succeeding decades. Beginning in 1943-44, and continuing to 1949, when Portugal became, with the United States, a founding member of North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), Luso-American relations assumed center stage in her foreign policy.During the Cold War, Portuguese foreign policy was aligned with that of the United States and its allies in Western Europe. After the Revolution of 25 April 1974, the focus of Portuguese foreign policy shifted away from defending and maintaining the African colonies toward integration with Europe. Since Portugal became a member of the European Economic Community in 1986, and this evolved into the European Union (EU), all Portuguese governments have sought to align Portugal's foreign policy with that of the EU in general and to be more independent of the United States. Since 1986, Portugal's bilateral commercial and diplomatic relations with Britain, France, and Spain have strengthened, especially those with Spain, which are more open and mutually beneficial than at any other time in history.Within the EU, Portugal has sought to play a role in the promotion of democracy and human rights, while maintaining its security ties to NATO. Currently, a Portuguese politician, José Manuel Durão Barroso, is president of the Commission of the EU, and Portugal has held the six-month rotating presidency of the EU three times, in 1992, 2000, and 2007. -
111 load
1. нагрузка; груз/ нагружать2. загрузка/ загружать3. заряд/ заряжатьloads per unit lengthaerodynamic loadaeroelastically corrected loadaerothermal loadsaircraft loadalleviated loadapplied loadarresting gear loadaugmented loadaxial loadaxle loadblade loadbottoming loadbraking loadbuckling loadbuffet loadbuffeting loadcanard loadcarriage loadcatapult loadchute loadsconstrained loadcontrol loadcontrol loadscontrol-wheel breakout loadcrack closing loadcrack opening loadcrash loadcrushing loadcyclic loaddamaging loaddesign loaddesigned loaddown loaddrag loadejection loadsempennage loadsequivalent single wheel loadexternal loadexternal slung loadflexible loadflight loadsflight-measured loadsfloor loadfoot loadfour per revolution loadfuselage loadg loadGaussian loadsground loadsgust loadgyroscopic loadharmonic loadsheat loadhub loadsimpact loadimpulse loadin-plane loadinertial loadinput loadinteracting loadsinternal loadjack loadlanding loadlanding gear loadlimit loadlocalized loadmain-gear loadmaneuver loadmaximum allowable loadmoving loadnoncrash loadnose gear loadomega loadoperational loadordnance loadoscillatory loadoutsize loadspalleted loadpassenger loadpeak loadpin loadpostbuckling loadprecession-generated loadspressure loadproof loadpropeller-induced loadpushrod loadspylon loadquasi-static loadradial loadrandom loadsreaction loadrepeated loadsrigid loadrotating loadrotor loadsseparation loadshock absorber loadside loadsink loadssling loadspike loadspin-up loadspring-back loadsteady loadsteady braked loadstore carriage loadstructural loadstrut loadtail loadtangential loadtank pressure loadtask time loadtaxi loadtaxiing loadthermal loadtime-domain loadstire loadtire to ground loadtow loadtransient loadstrim loadtrimming loadturbulence-induced loadsultimate loadunderslung loaduntrimmed loadup loaduseful loadvectoring loadsvibratory loadsvortex-induced loadswind-tunnel loadwing load -
112 antenna
антенна; антенныйcommand destruct system antenna — антенна (радио) командной системы ликвидации [подрыва] (ракеты)
radar augmentation output antenna — антенна усилителя отражённых сигналов РЛС; передающая антенна радиолокационного ответчика
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113 load
заряд ( твёрдого ракетного топлива) ; нагрузка; загружать, заряжать ( твёрдым ракетным топливом) ; заправлять ( компонентами жидкого ракетного топлива)take the load off — снимать нагрузку, разгружать
— dry load— fan load— fin load— g load— load up -
114 pressure
давление; сжатие; прессование; герметичныйboundary layer induced pressure — давление, обусловленное пограничным слоем
computer unit output pressure — давление на выходе решающего гидроусилителя (автомата загрузки бустерного управления)
dump the pressure to return — стравливать [перепускать] давление в отводящую магистраль
forward (control) stick pressure — усилие (на ручке) в направлении «от себя», давящее [толкающее] усилие (на ручке)
partial pressure suit capstan pressure — давление в натяжных пневмокамерах высотного компенсирующего костюма
relax forward pressure on the stick — уменьшать усилие на ручке в направлении «от себя»: отпускать ручку назад
relieve the back pressure on the stick — уменьшать усилие на ручке в направлении «на себя»; отпускать ручку вперёд
saturated vapor pressure — упругость насыщающего пара; давление насыщенного пара
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115 thrust
тяга; сила тяги; осевое давление; импульс; создавать тягу или импульсstart in reverse thrust — запускать (двигатель) в режиме реверса тяги [при включенном реверсе]
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116 Reynolds, Edwin
[br]b. 1831 Mansfield, Connecticut, USAd. 1909 Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA[br]American contributor to the development of the Corliss valve steam engine, including the "Manhattan" layout.[br]Edwin Reynolds grew up at a time when formal engineering education in America was almost unavailable, but through his genius and his experience working under such masters as G.H. Corliss and William Wright, he developed into one of the best mechanical engineers in the country. When he was Plant Superintendent for the Corliss Steam Engine Company, he built the giant Corliss valve steam engine displayed at the 1876 Centennial Exhibition. In July 1877 he left the Corliss Steam Engine Company to join Edward Allis at his Reliance Works, although he was offered a lower salary. In 1861 Allis had moved his business to the Menomonee Valley, where he had the largest foundry in the area. Immediately on his arrival with Allis, Reynolds began desig-ning and building the "Reliance-Corliss" engine, which becamea symbol of simplicity, economy and reliability. By early 1878 the new engine was so successful that the firm had a six-month backlog of orders. In 1888 he built the first triple-expansion waterworks-pumping engine in the United States for the city of Milwaukee, and in the same year he patented a new design of blowing engine for blast furnaces. He followed this in March 1892 with the first steam engine sets coupled directly to electric generators when Allis-Chalmers contracted to build two Corliss cross-compound engines for the Narragansett Light Company of Providence, Rhode Island. In 1893, one of the impressive attractions at the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago was the 3,000 hp (2,200 kW) quadruple-expansion Reynolds-Corliss engine designed by Reynolds, who continued to make significant improvements and gained worldwide recognition of his outstanding achievements in engine building.Reynolds was asked to go to New York in 1898 for consultation about some high-horsepower engines for the Manhattan transport system. There, 225 railway locomotives were to be replaced by electric trains, which would be supplied from one generating station producing 60,000 hp (45,000 kW). Reynolds sketched out his ideas for 10,000 hp (7,500 kW) engines while on the train. Because space was limited, he suggested a four-cylinder design with two horizontal-high-pressure cylinders and two vertical, low-pressure ones. One cylinder of each type was placed on each side of the flywheel generator, which with cranks at 135° gave an exceptionally smooth-running compact engine known as the "Manhattan". A further nine similar engines that were superheated and generated three-phase current were supplied in 1902 to the New York Interborough Rapid Transit Company. These were the largest reciprocating steam engines built for use on land, and a few smaller ones with a similar layout were installed in British textile mills.[br]Further ReadingConcise Dictionary of American Biography, 1964, New York: C.Scribner's Sons (contains a brief biography).R.L.Hills, 1989, Power from Steam. A History of the Stationary Steam Engine, Cambridge University Press (provides a brief account of the Manhattan engines) Part of the information for this biography is derived from a typescript in the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC: T.H.Fehring, "Technological contributions of Milwaukee's Menomonee Valley industries".RLH -
117 Seguin, Marc
[br]b. 20 April 1786 Annonay, Ardèche, Franced. 24 February 1875 Annonay, Ardèche, France[br]French engineer, inventor of multi-tubular firetube boiler.[br]Seguin trained under Joseph Montgolfier, one of the inventors of the hot-air balloon, and became a pioneer of suspension bridges. In 1825 he was involved in an attempt to introduce steam navigation to the River Rhône using a tug fitted with a winding drum to wind itself upstream along a cable attached to a point on the bank, with a separate boat to transfer the cable from point to point. The attempt proved unsuccessful and was short-lived, but in 1825 Seguin had decided also to seek a government concession for a railway from Saint-Etienne to Lyons as a feeder of traffic to the river. He inspected the Stockton \& Darlington Railway and met George Stephenson; the concession was granted in 1826 to Seguin Frères \& Ed. Biot and two steam locomotives were built to their order by Robert Stephenson \& Co. The locomotives were shipped to France in the spring of 1828 for evaluation prior to construction of others there; each had two vertical cylinders, one each side between front and rear wheels, and a boiler with a single large-diameter furnace tube, with a watertube grate. Meanwhile, in 1827 Seguin, who was still attempting to produce a steamboat powerful enough to navigate the fast-flowing Rhône, had conceived the idea of increasing the heating surface of a boiler by causing the hot gases from combustion to pass through a series of tubes immersed in the water. He was soon considering application of this type of boiler to a locomotive. He applied for a patent for a multi-tubular boiler on 12 December 1827 and carried out numerous experiments with various means of producing a forced draught to overcome the perceived obstruction caused by the small tubes. By May 1829 the steam-navigation venture had collapsed, but Seguin had a locomotive under construction in the workshops of the Lyons-Sain t- Etienne Railway: he retained the cylinder layout of its Stephenson locomotives, but incorporated a boiler of his own design. The fire was beneath the barrel, surrounded by a water-jacket: a single large flue ran towards the front of the boiler, whence hot gases returned via many small tubes through the boiler barrel to a chimney above the firedoor. Draught was provided by axle-driven fans on the tender.Seguin was not aware of the contemporary construction of Rocket, with a multi-tubular boiler, by Robert Stephenson; Rocket had its first trial run on 5 September 1829, but the precise date on which Seguin's locomotive first ran appears to be unknown, although by 20 October many experiments had been carried out upon it. Seguin's concept of a multi-tubular locomotive boiler therefore considerably antedated that of Henry Booth, and his first locomotive was completed about the same date as Rocket. It was from Rocket's boiler, however, rather than from that of Seguin's locomotive, that the conventional locomotive boiler was descended.[br]BibliographyFebruary 1828, French patent no. 3,744 (multi-tubular boiler).1839, De l'Influence des chemins de fer et de l'art de les tracer et de les construire, Paris.Further ReadingF.Achard and L.Seguin, 1928, "Marc Seguin and the invention of the tubular boiler", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 7 (traces the chronology of Seguin's boilers).——1928, "British railways of 1825 as seen by Marc Seguin", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 7.J.B.Snell, 1964, Early Railways, London: Weidenfeld \& Nicolson.J.-M.Combe and B.Escudié, 1991, Vapeurs sur le Rhône, Lyons: Presses Universitaires de Lyon.PJGR -
118 Smeaton, John
SUBJECT AREA: Civil engineering, Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering, Steam and internal combustion engines[br]b. 8 June 1724 Austhorpe, near Leeds, Yorkshire, Englandd. 28 October 1792 Austhorpe, near Leeds, Yorkshire, England[br]English mechanical and civil engineer.[br]As a boy, Smeaton showed mechanical ability, making for himself a number of tools and models. This practical skill was backed by a sound education, probably at Leeds Grammar School. At the age of 16 he entered his father's office; he seemed set to follow his father's profession in the law. In 1742 he went to London to continue his legal studies, but he preferred instead, with his father's reluctant permission, to set up as a scientific instrument maker and dealer and opened a shop of his own in 1748. About this time he began attending meetings of the Royal Society and presented several papers on instruments and mechanical subjects, being elected a Fellow in 1753. His interests were turning towards engineering but were informed by scientific principles grounded in careful and accurate observation.In 1755 the second Eddystone lighthouse, on a reef some 14 miles (23 km) off the English coast at Plymouth, was destroyed by fire. The President of the Royal Society was consulted as to a suitable engineer to undertake the task of constructing a new one, and he unhesitatingly suggested Smeaton. Work began in 1756 and was completed in three years to produce the first great wave-swept stone lighthouse. It was constructed of Portland stone blocks, shaped and pegged both together and to the base rock, and bonded by hydraulic cement, scientifically developed by Smeaton. It withstood the storms of the English Channel for over a century, but by 1876 erosion of the rock had weakened the structure and a replacement had to be built. The upper portion of Smeaton's lighthouse was re-erected on a suitable base on Plymouth Hoe, leaving the original base portion on the reef as a memorial to the engineer.The Eddystone lighthouse made Smeaton's reputation and from then on he was constantly in demand as a consultant in all kinds of engineering projects. He carried out a number himself, notably the 38 mile (61 km) long Forth and Clyde canal with thirty-nine locks, begun in 1768 but for financial reasons not completed until 1790. In 1774 he took charge of the Ramsgate Harbour works.On the mechanical side, Smeaton undertook a systematic study of water-and windmills, to determine the design and construction to achieve the greatest power output. This work issued forth as the paper "An experimental enquiry concerning the natural powers of water and wind to turn mills" and exerted a considerable influence on mill design during the early part of the Industrial Revolution. Between 1753 and 1790 Smeaton constructed no fewer than forty-four mills.Meanwhile, in 1756 he had returned to Austhorpe, which continued to be his home base for the rest of his life. In 1767, as a result of the disappointing performance of an engine he had been involved with at New River Head, Islington, London, Smeaton began his important study of the steam-engine. Smeaton was the first to apply scientific principles to the steam-engine and achieved the most notable improvements in its efficiency since its invention by Newcomen, until its radical overhaul by James Watt. To compare the performance of engines quantitatively, he introduced the concept of "duty", i.e. the weight of water that could be raised 1 ft (30 cm) while burning one bushel (84 lb or 38 kg) of coal. The first engine to embody his improvements was erected at Long Benton colliery in Northumberland in 1772, with a duty of 9.45 million pounds, compared to the best figure obtained previously of 7.44 million pounds. One source of heat loss he attributed to inaccurate boring of the cylinder, which he was able to improve through his close association with Carron Ironworks near Falkirk, Scotland.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFRS 1753.Bibliography1759, "An experimental enquiry concerning the natural powers of water and wind to turn mills", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society.Towards the end of his life, Smeaton intended to write accounts of his many works but only completed A Narrative of the Eddystone Lighthouse, 1791, London.Further ReadingS.Smiles, 1874, Lives of the Engineers: Smeaton and Rennie, London. A.W.Skempton, (ed.), 1981, John Smeaton FRS, London: Thomas Telford. L.T.C.Rolt and J.S.Allen, 1977, The Steam Engine of Thomas Newcomen, 2nd edn, Hartington: Moorland Publishing, esp. pp. 108–18 (gives a good description of his work on the steam-engine).LRD -
119 Walter, Thomas Ustick
SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building[br]b. 4 September 1804 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USAd. 30 October 1887 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA[br]American architect, best known for his construction of the great iron dome of the United States Capitol in Washington.[br]Much of Walter's work was in neo-classical style, of which the Founders' Hall at Girard College in Philadelphia, built 1833–47, is a fine example. On the exterior this is a large-scale Corinthian temple of peripteral octastyle form. Inside, Walter showed his awareness of modern needs with his brick fireproof vaulting. In 1851 Walter was appointed by President Millard Fillmore as Architect to the Capitol in Washington, DC, to enlarge the building to accommodate the greater needs of the day. Between this time and 1865 Walter extended the side wings considerably to provide more space for the House of Representatives and the Senate and, to balance the composition of this much longer elevation, built a new great dome. In style, the dome and drum resemble those of Wren's St Paul's Cathedral in London, but the scale is much greater and the internal construction largely of cast iron: internally the dome measures 98 ft (29.9 m) in diameter and has a total height of 222 ft (67.7 m).[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFounder American Institute of Architects 1857; President from 1876.Further ReadingM.Whiffen and F.Keeper, 1981, American Architecture 1607–1976, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT.DY -
120 dump
= tipсвалка; отвал (породы), склад угля, опрокид; разгружать; сваливать; отвал вскрышной; опрокидывать, сбрасывать•- ash dump
- bottom dump
- culm dump
- end dump
- internal dump
- kick-back dump
- mine dump
- open-end dump
- open-side dump
- pit dump
- refuse dump
- skip dump
- stag dump
- stock dump
- wagon dump
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