-
1 THAT
(1) (demonstrative): tana (an adjectival word, VT49:11; in one version of the language also tanya, as in tanya wendë "that maiden", MC:215-16). Also yana with meaning “the former” (e.g. *loa yana “that year” referring to a former year). Adj. OF THAT SORT taitë; IN THAT WAY tanen; THAT MATTER tama. Also see THIS regarding the word talumë “at this [or, that] time”. –TA, YA, VT49:11, 18 (2) (pronoun) ta, also translated “it”. (Notice that in some versions of the language, Tolkien wanted ta to be a plural pronoun “they, them” used of non-living things. See the various entries on ta in the Quenya-English wordlist.) Sa, normally translated “it”, is also defined as “that” in one source. IT IS THAT náto, IT IS NOT THAT uito. –VT49:11, TA, VT49:18, 28 (3) (relative pronoun "who, which, that"). According to VT47:21, the relative pronoun is ye with reference to a person (*i Elda ye tirnen "the Elf who/that I watched"), plural i (e.g. *Eldar i... "Elves that..."). The impersonal relative pronoun ("that = which") is ya (e.g. *i parma ya hirnen "the book that/which I found"), pl. presumably *yar (*i parmar yar... "the books that..."). This gives a system with great symmetry, but Tolkien also used i in a singular sense, in the sentence i Eru i or ilyë mahalmar ëa "the One who is [or, that is] above all thrones", though i is indeed plural in i carir quettar ómainen "those who [or, those that] form words with voices". A relative pronoun ya *"which" is found in the "Arctic" sentence; a long variant yá also occurs in the corpus (VT43:27-28). Case-forms: The plural locative of ya is attested as yassen "in which" in Nam (sg. *yassë), the genitive and ablative forms of ye are attested as yëo and yello respectively in VT47:21, and the same source gives ion and illon as the corresponding plural forms. –VT47:21, WJ:391, UT:305, 317, Arct(4) (conjunction, as in "I know that you are here") i, cf. the sentence savin Elessar ar i nánë aran Ondórëo “I believe Elessar really existed and that he was a king of Gondor” (VT49:27). In one version of early “Qenya”, this conjunction appeared as ne instead (PE14:54).
См. также в других словарях:
reference book — n a book such as a dictionary or ↑encyclopedia that you look at to find information … Dictionary of contemporary English
reference book — reference ,book noun count a book that is intended to be used when you need a fact or piece of information, for example a dictionary … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
reference book — index directory Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
reference book — noun a book to which you can refer for authoritative facts he contributed articles to the basic reference work on that topic • Syn: ↑reference, ↑reference work, ↑book of facts • Derivationally related forms: ↑refer (for: ↑ … Useful english dictionary
reference book — noun a) A book providing factual information. The Red Book is the standard reference book for those naming inorganic chemical compounds. b) such a book that may not be borrowed. I wanted to take out the encyclopedia, but the librarian said it was … Wiktionary
reference book — UK / US noun [countable] Word forms reference book : singular reference book plural reference books a book that is intended to be used when you need a fact or piece of information, for example a dictionary … English dictionary
reference book — book containing information … English contemporary dictionary
reference book — Synonyms and related words: Baedeker, Yellow Pages, atlas, bibliography, business directory, calendar, casebook, catalog, catalogue raisonne, checklist, city directory, classified catalog, classified directory, concordance, cyclopedia,… … Moby Thesaurus
reference book — 1. a book containing useful facts or specially organized information, as an encyclopedia, dictionary, atlas, yearbook, etc. 2. Also called pass, passbook. South African. a domestic identity document carried by black citizens. [1885 90] * * * … Universalium
reference book — noun (C) a book such as a dictionary or encyclopaedia that you look at to find information … Longman dictionary of contemporary English
ˈreference ˌbook — noun [C] a book that contains facts and information … Dictionary for writing and speaking English
