-
1 hechizar
v.1 to cast a spell on.2 to bewitch, to captivate.3 to charm, to bewitch, to cast a spell on, to voodoo.Su delicadeza encanta a Ricardo Her daintiness enchants Richard.* * *1 (embrujar) to bewitch, cast a spell on2 figurado (cautivar) to charm, bewitch* * *verb1) to bewitch2) charm* * *VT1) (=embrujar) to bewitch, cast a spell on2) (=cautivar) to fascinate, charm, enchant* * *verbo transitivoa) brujo to cast a spell on, bewitchb) ( cautivar) to captivate* * *= enchant, weave + magic spell, cast + a (magic) spell, bewitch, entrance.Ex. The article 'The power to enchant: puppets in the public library' describes the construction of a puppet theatre in a public library.Ex. These love boats and the romantic Bahamas will no doubt continue to weave their magic spell.Ex. The player makes choices for his characters (such as whether to fight, cast a magic spell, or run away), and then the enemy takes a turn.Ex. In legend a potion is a concoction used to heal, bewitch or poison people, made by a magician, sorcerer or witch.Ex. Her husband is entranced with a woman who is manic-depressive.* * *verbo transitivoa) brujo to cast a spell on, bewitchb) ( cautivar) to captivate* * *= enchant, weave + magic spell, cast + a (magic) spell, bewitch, entrance.Ex: The article 'The power to enchant: puppets in the public library' describes the construction of a puppet theatre in a public library.
Ex: These love boats and the romantic Bahamas will no doubt continue to weave their magic spell.Ex: The player makes choices for his characters (such as whether to fight, cast a magic spell, or run away), and then the enemy takes a turn.Ex: In legend a potion is a concoction used to heal, bewitch or poison people, made by a magician, sorcerer or witch.Ex: Her husband is entranced with a woman who is manic-depressive.* * *hechizar [A4 ]vt1 «brujo» to cast a spell on, bewitch2 (cautivar) to captivatequedó hechizado por sus encantos he was captivated by her charms, he fell under her spell* * *
Multiple Entries:
hechizar
hechizar algo
hechizar ( conjugate hechizar) verbo transitivo
hechizar verbo transitivo
1 (con magias y maleficios) to cast a spell on
2 fig (encandilar, cautivar) to bewitch, charm
' hechizar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
embrujar
English:
bewitch
- enchant
- spell
* * *hechizar vt1. [echar un maleficio] to cast a spell on2. [encantar] to bewitch, to captivate;hechizó al público con su voz she bewitched o captivated the audience with her wonderful voice* * *v/t figbewitch, captivate* * *hechizar {21} vt1) embrujar: to bewitch2) cautivar: to charm -
2 hechizar
etʃi'θarv1) bezaubern, verzaubern2) (fig: cautivar) verzaubern, bezirzenverbo transitivo1. [encantar] verzaubern2. [cautivar] bezaubernhechizarhechizar [e6B36F75Cʧ6B36F75Ci'θar] <z ⇒ c>num1num (embrujar) verhexennum2num (encantar) bezaubern, in seinen Bann ziehen -
3 hechizar
-
4 hechizar
гл.1) общ. ворожить, завораживать, заворожить, заколдовать, заколдовывать, колдовать, наколдовать сов наколдовывать, очаровать, очаровывать, привораживать, приворожить, шаманить, обаять (околдовать), околдовывать, прельщать2) устар. чаровать и -
5 hechizar
vt1) околдова́ть; заворожи́ть2) сгла́зить; навести́ по́рчу, злы́е ча́ры на кого3) перен очарова́ть; обворожи́ть; покори́ть -
6 hechizar
• bewitch• cast a spell on -
7 hechizar
• okouzlit• očarovat -
8 hechizar
v. Layqay umuy. Pe.Aya: layqay, choqay, ruway. -
9 HECHIZAR
v:Wáay, pul ya'aj. -
10 hechizar
tr 1) омагьосвам; 2) прен. очаровам. -
11 hechizar
-
12 hechizar
encisar, enxisar, fetillar -
13 hechizo
adj.1 phony, false.2 makeshift, provisional, home-made, improvised.m.1 enchantment, charm, enthrallment, enthralment.2 spell, curse, magic spell.pres.indicat.1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: hechizar.* * *1 (embrujo) charm, spell2 figurado (embelesamiento) fascination, charm* * *noun m.1) spell2) charm* * *1.2. SM1) (=brujería) sorcery, witchcraft2) (=encantamiento) enchantment; (=maleficio) spellun hechizo — a magic spell, a charm
3) (=atracción) fascination4)hechizos — (=encantos) charms
* * *I- za adjetivo (Chi, Méx) makeshift, home-madeIIa) ( maleficio) spellb) (atractivo, encanto) charm* * *= enchantment, incantation, spell, magic spell.Ex. Such speculations carried ad infinitum are given concrete form in giants, and the enchantments of elves and dwarfs, and the magic of runes and spells.Ex. But beyond a fairly simple level (for example, rhythmic incantation) we have to work more and attend better if we want the best rewards, here as in any other activity.Ex. Such speculations carried ad infinitum are given concrete form in giants, and the enchantments of elves and dwarfs, and the magic of runes and spells.Ex. These love boats and the romantic Bahamas will no doubt continue to weave their magic spell.----* hacer un hechizo = cast + a (magic) spell.* * *I- za adjetivo (Chi, Méx) makeshift, home-madeIIa) ( maleficio) spellb) (atractivo, encanto) charm* * *= enchantment, incantation, spell, magic spell.Ex: Such speculations carried ad infinitum are given concrete form in giants, and the enchantments of elves and dwarfs, and the magic of runes and spells.
Ex: But beyond a fairly simple level (for example, rhythmic incantation) we have to work more and attend better if we want the best rewards, here as in any other activity.Ex: Such speculations carried ad infinitum are given concrete form in giants, and the enchantments of elves and dwarfs, and the magic of runes and spells.Ex: These love boats and the romantic Bahamas will no doubt continue to weave their magic spell.* hacer un hechizo = cast + a (magic) spell.* * *(Chi, Méx) makeshift, home-madees hechizo, pero aparenta mucho it's a makeshift o home-made affair, but it looks goodA1 (atractivo, encanto) charmel hechizo de aquella mujer lo conquistó he was won over by her charms, he fell under her spell2 (maleficio) spell* * *
Del verbo hechizar: ( conjugate hechizar)
hechizo es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo
hechizó es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo
Multiple Entries:
hechizar
hechizo
hechizar ( conjugate hechizar) verbo transitivo
hechizo 1◊ -za adjetivo (Chi, Méx) home-made
hechizo 2 sustantivo masculino
hechizar verbo transitivo
1 (con magias y maleficios) to cast a spell on
2 fig (encandilar, cautivar) to bewitch, charm
hechizo sustantivo masculino
1 (embrujo, sortilegio) spell
2 fig (seducción, encanto) fascination, charm
' hechizo' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
embrujo
- encanto
English:
cast
- charm
- hex
- spell
* * *hechizo, -a♦ adjChile, Méx home-made♦ nm1. [maleficio] spell2. [encanto] magic, charm;se rindió al hechizo de sus palabras she surrendered to the magic of his words* * *I m spell, charm;romper el hechizo break the spellII adj Méxmakeshift* * *hechizo nm1) sortilegio: spell, enchantment2) encanto: charm, fascination* * *hechizo n spell -
14 embrujar
v.to bewitch (also figurative).La bruja encantó a Allan The witch put a spell on Allan.* * *2 figurado (fascinar) to bewitch, enchant* * *verb* * *VT [+ persona] to bewitch, put a spell on; [+ lugar] to haunt* * *verbo transitivoa) ( hechizar) to bewitch, put... under a spellb) (fascinar, enamorar) to bewitch* * *= cast + a (magic) spell, bewitch.Ex. The player makes choices for his characters (such as whether to fight, cast a magic spell, or run away), and then the enemy takes a turn.Ex. In legend a potion is a concoction used to heal, bewitch or poison people, made by a magician, sorcerer or witch.* * *verbo transitivoa) ( hechizar) to bewitch, put... under a spellb) (fascinar, enamorar) to bewitch* * *= cast + a (magic) spell, bewitch.Ex: The player makes choices for his characters (such as whether to fight, cast a magic spell, or run away), and then the enemy takes a turn.
Ex: In legend a potion is a concoction used to heal, bewitch or poison people, made by a magician, sorcerer or witch.* * *embrujar [A1 ]vt1 (hechizar) to bewitch, put … under a spell, cast o put a spell on2 (fascinar, enamorar) to bewitch* * *
embrujar ( conjugate embrujar) verbo transitivo
embrujar verbo transitivo to bewitch: esa mujer embrujó a Juan con su sonrisa, that woman captivated Juan with her smile
' embrujar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
encantar
English:
hex
- bewitch
- spell
* * *embrujar vt1. [hechizar] to bewitch2. [atraer, cautivar] to bewitch* * *v/t tb figbewitch* * *embrujar vthechizar: to bewitch -
15 cautivar
v.1 to capture.2 to captivate, to enchant.Su belleza cautivó a Pedro Her beauty captivated Peter.3 to be captivating.Tanta belleza cautiva So much beauty is captivating.4 to be delighted to.Me cautiva oír ópera I am delighted to listen to opera.5 to be delighted by.Me cautivan tus ocurrencias I am delighted by your remarks.* * *1 to take prisoner, capture* * *verb* * *VT1) (=hacer prisionero a) (Mil) to capture, take prisoner2) (=hechizar) to captivate* * ** * *= captivate, enthral [enthrall, -USA], charm, mesmerise [mesmerize, -USA], beguile, enchant, capture + the imagination, bewitch, entrance, smite.Nota: Verbo irregular: pasado smote, participio smitten. Usado comúnmente con este sentido la voz pasiva y seguido de la partícula with y también a veces by.Ex. This article suggests a number of titles which can be relied on to captivate the young reader and arouse enthusiasm for further exploration of the world of books.Ex. If one encounters a young patron who is an animal lover, the recommendation of a book such as Kipling's 'The Jungle Book' may enthrall him or her.Ex. We will see the mountains of lobster traps and the charming crooked streets and hazy seascapes that charmed painter Fitzhugh Lane.Ex. The article is entitled 'Have librarians become mesmerised by information technology?'.Ex. Beguiling as the show is, it perhaps lacks major impact because it has taken elements from lacework and painting in such a way as to avoid the fundamental challenges of both.Ex. The article 'The power to enchant: puppets in the public library' describes the construction of a puppet theatre in a public library.Ex. This paper describes how a middle grade school teacher uses a core list of books to capture the imagination of his students and to encourage them to write honestly about their lives.Ex. In legend a potion is a concoction used to heal, bewitch or poison people, made by a magician, sorcerer or witch.Ex. Her husband is entranced with a woman who is manic-depressive.Ex. It's hard to imagine a red-blooded man anywhere in the world who could look at her and not be ' smitten' with her.----* cautivar al mundo = make + a big noise in the world.* * ** * *= captivate, enthral [enthrall, -USA], charm, mesmerise [mesmerize, -USA], beguile, enchant, capture + the imagination, bewitch, entrance, smite.Nota: Verbo irregular: pasado smote, participio smitten. Usado comúnmente con este sentido la voz pasiva y seguido de la partícula with y también a veces by.Ex: This article suggests a number of titles which can be relied on to captivate the young reader and arouse enthusiasm for further exploration of the world of books.
Ex: If one encounters a young patron who is an animal lover, the recommendation of a book such as Kipling's 'The Jungle Book' may enthrall him or her.Ex: We will see the mountains of lobster traps and the charming crooked streets and hazy seascapes that charmed painter Fitzhugh Lane.Ex: The article is entitled 'Have librarians become mesmerised by information technology?'.Ex: Beguiling as the show is, it perhaps lacks major impact because it has taken elements from lacework and painting in such a way as to avoid the fundamental challenges of both.Ex: The article 'The power to enchant: puppets in the public library' describes the construction of a puppet theatre in a public library.Ex: This paper describes how a middle grade school teacher uses a core list of books to capture the imagination of his students and to encourage them to write honestly about their lives.Ex: In legend a potion is a concoction used to heal, bewitch or poison people, made by a magician, sorcerer or witch.Ex: Her husband is entranced with a woman who is manic-depressive.Ex: It's hard to imagine a red-blooded man anywhere in the world who could look at her and not be ' smitten' with her.* cautivar al mundo = make + a big noise in the world.* * *cautivar [A1 ]vt1 (atraer) to captivatelo cautivó con su sonrisa she captivated him with her smile, he was captivated by her smile2 ( ant) (hacer prisionero) to capture* * *
cautivar ( conjugate cautivar) verbo transitivo ( atraer) to captivate
cautivar verbo transitivo
1 to capture, take prisoner
2 figurado (fascinar) to captivate
' cautivar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
arrebatar
- hechizar
- magnetizar
- subyugar
- atraer
- seducir
English:
wow
- beguile
- bewitch
- captivate
- charm
- enchant
- enthrall
- mesmerize
* * *cautivar vt1. [seducir] to captivate, to enchant;su simpatía me cautiva I find her friendly manner quite captivating2. [apresar] to capture* * *v/t figcaptivate* * *cautivar vthechizar: to captivate, to charm -
16 alumbrar
v.1 to light up.2 to give birth to (dar a luz).3 to give light.4 to illuminate, to light, to lighten, to illumine.* * *1 (iluminar) to light, give light to, illuminate1 (iluminar) to give light2 (parir) to give birth to1 familiar (embriagarse) to get tipsy* * *verb1) to light, give light2) give birth* * *1. VT1) (=iluminar) [+ cuarto, calle, ciudad] to light; [+ estadio, edificio, monumento] to light up2) (=enfocar)[con linterna, foco]3) frm [+ asunto] to shed light on4) frm (=instruir) to enlighten5) [+ agua] to find6) (Rel) [+ ciego] to give sight to2. VI1) (=dar luz) to give light, shed light2) frm (=dar a luz) to give birth3.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1) ( iluminar) to light, illuminate2) (frml) ( parir) to be delivered of (frml)2.alumbrar vi1) sol to be bright; lámpara/bombilla to give off light2) (frml) ( parir) to give birth* * *= shine.Ex. A light box would be provided for this purpose so that the cards could be accurately stacked on top of each other to allow the light from the light box to shine through any holes that the three cards had in common.* * *1.verbo transitivo1) ( iluminar) to light, illuminate2) (frml) ( parir) to be delivered of (frml)2.alumbrar vi1) sol to be bright; lámpara/bombilla to give off light2) (frml) ( parir) to give birth* * *= shine.Ex: A light box would be provided for this purpose so that the cards could be accurately stacked on top of each other to allow the light from the light box to shine through any holes that the three cards had in common.
* * *alumbrar [A1 ]vtA (iluminar) to light, illuminateese camino está muy mal alumbrado that road is very poorly litun potente foco alumbra el jardín a powerful floodlight illuminates o lights up the gardenuna habitación alumbrada con velas a candlelit roomme alumbró el camino con una linterna he lit my way with a lampla luz que nos alumbra el sendero del bien ( liter); the light that illuminates us on the path of righteousness ( liter)esta mujer te tiene alumbrado this woman's got you under her spell■ alumbrarviA «sol» to be bright; «lámpara/bombilla» to give off lightesta bombilla no alumbra nada this bulb scarcely gives off any light* * *
alumbrar ( conjugate alumbrar) verbo transitivo ( iluminar) to light, illuminate;
alumbra este rincón shine the light in this corner
verbo intransitivo [ sol] to be bright;
[lámpara/bombilla] to give off light
alumbrar verbo intransitivo & verbo transitivo
1 (iluminar) to light, illuminate
2 (parir) to give birth
' alumbrar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
vela
English:
illuminate
- light
- light up
- shine
* * *♦ vt1. [iluminar] to light (up);las antorchas que alumbran la sala the torches which light the hall;el ayuntamiento ha decidido alumbrar el parque the town council has decided to install lighting in the park2. [dar a luz] to give birth tola visión los alumbró a todos the vision cast a spell on everyone present♦ vi1. [iluminar] to give light;esa lámpara alumbra muy poco that lamp doesn't give much light o isn't very bright2. [dar a luz] to give birth* * *II v/i give off light* * *alumbrar vt1) iluminar: to light, to illuminate2) : to give birth to* * *alumbrar vb -
17 encantar
v.1 to bewitch, to cast a spell on.La bruja encantó a Allan The witch put a spell on Allan.2 to like very much, to like, to be keen on.Me encantan las flores I like flowers very much.3 to love to, to be delighted to.Me encanta cantar I love to sing.4 to like it.Me encanta I like it.5 to delight, to enchant, to charm.Mis palabras encantaron a Ricardo My words enchanted=delighted Richard.Su delicadeza encanta a Ricardo Her daintiness enchants Richard.6 to be pleasing to everybody.El pollo frito encanta Fried chicken is pleasing to everybody.* * *1 (hechizar) to cast a spell on, bewitch* * *verb1) to delight, charm2) enchant, bewitch3) love* * *1.VI [con complemento personal] to loveme encantan las flores — I adore o love flowers
me encantaría que vinieras — I'd be delighted if you come, I'd love you to come
2.VT to cast a spell on o over, bewitch* * *1.verbo intransitivo (+ me/te/le etc)2.me encantó la obra — I loved o I thoroughly enjoyed the play
encantar vt to cast o put a spell on, bewitch* * *1.verbo intransitivo (+ me/te/le etc)2.me encantó la obra — I loved o I thoroughly enjoyed the play
encantar vt to cast o put a spell on, bewitch* * *encantar11 = love, relish, thrill, get off on, love + every minute of it, get + a buzz from, get + a kick, catch + Posesivo + fancy, take + a fancy to, take + a shine to, take + a liking to, smite, be tickled pink, be chuffed to bits, thrill + Nombre + to bits.Ex: All these novels are about young women meeting handsome men, at first disliking them and then discovering that they love them, with the inescapable 'happy ending' which means matrimony in these cases.
Ex: They all relish a fast paced working environment, rapid change and constant challenges to traditional notions of what a library and library work should be.Ex: The abundance of information on the World Wide Web has thrilled some, but frightened others.Ex: She sounds like she enjoys having people under her thumb and gets off on the whole control thing.Ex: I loved every minute of it and it made me see just how poverty stricken Jamaica really is!.Ex: How anyone can get a buzz from laying into someone is beyond me; it's not nice to see it happen - too many times have I seen people beaten up over nothing.Ex: I get a kick when I'm on my racing bike, and when I have my skates on it's out of this world.Ex: At nightfall, drop anchor at any place that catch your fancy and the lullaby of the gentle waves put you to sleep.Ex: He is a collector who wants to form a collection by making his own paintings of pictures he has taken a fancy to in other people's houses.Ex: She took a shine to Sheldon, and before he knows what has happened, the misanthropic physicist finds himself with a girlfriend.Ex: He quickly took a liking to American clothing stores and acquired a taste for fast-food restaurants.Ex: It's hard to imagine a red-blooded man anywhere in the world who could look at her and not be ' smitten' with her.Ex: She will be tickled pink with these French ticklers.Ex: Obviously I' m chuffed to bits that I'm getting so many visitors and that the word's getting out.Ex: The critics are divided but Rolf Harris says he's thrilled to bits with the finished product.* encantaría = would + love to.* ser lo que a Uno le encanta = be (right) up + Posesivo + alley, be + Posesivo + cup of tea.encantar22 = charm, enchant, weave + magic spell, cast + a (magic) spell, bewitch.Ex: We will see the mountains of lobster traps and the charming crooked streets and hazy seascapes that charmed painter Fitzhugh Lane.
Ex: The article 'The power to enchant: puppets in the public library' describes the construction of a puppet theatre in a public library.Ex: These love boats and the romantic Bahamas will no doubt continue to weave their magic spell.Ex: The player makes choices for his characters (such as whether to fight, cast a magic spell, or run away), and then the enemy takes a turn.Ex: In legend a potion is a concoction used to heal, bewitch or poison people, made by a magician, sorcerer or witch.* * *encantar [A1 ]vi(+ me/te/le etc):me encantó la obra I loved o I thoroughly enjoyed the playme encanta como habla I love the way he talksme encantaría que me acompañaras I'd love o I'd really like you to come with me, it would be lovely if you could come with me■ encantarvtto cast o put a spell on, bewitch* * *
encantar ( conjugate encantar) verbo intransitivo (+ me/te/le etc):◊ me encantó la obra I loved o I really enjoyed the play;
me encantaría que me acompañaras I'd love you to come with me
verbo transitivo
to cast o put a spell on, bewitch
encantar
I vi (gustar mucho) to love: les encanta viajar, they love travelling
su manera de recitar encantó al público, the audience were enraptured by his recital ➣ Ver nota en love
II vt (embrujar) to bewitch, cast o put a spell on
' encantar' also found in these entries:
English:
captivate
- charm
- delight
- enchant
- entrance
* * *encantar vtle encanta ir al cine he loves going to the cinema;¡me encanta! I love it/him/her!;me encantaría asistir, pero tengo otros compromisos I'd love to go, but I've got other things on2. [embrujar] to bewitch, to cast a spell on* * *v/t:me/le encanta I love/he loves it;me encanta el chocolate I love chocolate* * *encantar vt1) : to enchant, to bewitch2) : to charm, to delightme encanta esta canción: I love this song* * *encantar vb1. (gustar mucho) to love -
18 ворожить
несов. -
19 заворожить
сов., вин. п. -
20 заколдовать
См. также в других словарях:
hechizar — Se conjuga como: cazar Infinitivo: Gerundio: Participio: hechizar hechizando hechizado Indicativo presente imperfecto pretérito futuro condicional yo tú él, ella, Ud. nosotros vosotros ellos, ellas, Uds. hechizo hechizas hechiza hechizamos… … Wordreference Spanish Conjugations Dictionary
hechizar — verbo transitivo 1. Hacer sentir (una persona) su poder sobre [otra persona] con prácticas de hechicería: El misionero decía que ninguna persona puede hechizar a otra. 2. Hacer sentir (una persona … Diccionario Salamanca de la Lengua Española
hechizar — (De hechizo). 1. tr. Ejercer un maleficio sobre alguien por medio de prácticas supersticiosas. 2. Despertar admiración, afecto o deseo … Diccionario de la lengua española
hechizar — ► verbo transitivo 1 OCULTISMO Ejercer un poder, generalmente negativo, sobre una persona con prácticas de hechicería: ■ la hechizó haciendo desaparecer su voluntad. SE CONJUGA COMO cazar SINÓNIMO embrujar encantar … Enciclopedia Universal
hechizar — {{#}}{{LM H19864}}{{〓}} {{ConjH19864}}{{\}}CONJUGACIÓN{{/}}{{SynH20374}} {{[}}hechizar{{]}} ‹he·chi·zar› {{《}}▍ v.{{》}} {{<}}1{{>}} Ejercer una influencia sobrenatural, especialmente si es dañina o maléfica, mediante poderes mágicos: • La bruja… … Diccionario de uso del español actual con sinónimos y antónimos
hechizar — v tr (Se conjuga como amar) 1 Administrar a una persona una bebida que la trastorna y somete su voluntad a otra, o ejecutar acciones y pases mágicos con el mismo objetivo o para causarle daño 2 Someter el encanto o la belleza de alguien el… … Español en México
hechizar — transitivo 1) encantar, embrujar, aojar. 2) cautivar, seducir, embelesar, fascinar, deslumbrar, hipnotizar. * * * Sinónimos: ■ embrujar … Diccionario de sinónimos y antónimos
hechizar — tr. Causar algún daño a uno según cree el vulgo por un pacto entre el diablo y prácticas supersticiosas. Cautivar causar embeleso … Diccionario Castellano
embrujar — ► verbo transitivo 1 OCULTISMO Ejercer un maleficio sobre una persona con prácticas de brujería: ■ les embrujó con pócimas y sortilegios. SINÓNIMO hechizar 2 Ejercer una gran atracción sobre los demás: ■ sus ojos me embrujaron. SINÓNIMO … Enciclopedia Universal
fascinar — (Del lat. fascinare, embrujar < fascinum, embrujo.) ► verbo transitivo 1 Ejercer un domino irresistible sobre una persona o un animal con la mirada. 2 Cautivar, atraer irresistiblemente la atención de una persona: ■ me fascinan sus ojos.… … Enciclopedia Universal
hechicería — ► sustantivo femenino 1 OCULTISMO Práctica de la magia con la que se pretende sanar o dominar y controlar las fuerzas de la naturaleza y los poderes sobrenaturales. SINÓNIMO brujería hechizo maleficio sortilegio 2 OCULTISMO Hechizo, co … Enciclopedia Universal