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  • 41 Soixante-huit

    , or 68
       the milestone year in French life and politics in the second half of the 20th century, when protests by students and workers almost brought down the French government, and led to sweeping changes in French society. The events of 68 were inspired and led by the young generation of the time, wishing to break out of the rather stuffy and conventional society of the time. They coincided with, though initially took a different form to, the 'youth revolution' in Britain and the USA; but while the UK's youth revolution was essentially social and cultural, and led by pop music and op art, France's revolution was political and cultural, a protest against the weight of the Gaullist state.
       The events of May 68 started on the drab concrete campus of the sprawling university of Nanterre in the northern suburbs of Paris, and quickly spread to other universities, notably the Sorbonne. Student leaders, among them DanielCohn- Bendit and Alain Krivine, called for radical change and the end of the 'bourgeois state'; students erected barricades in the Latin Quarter, and were soon joined by workers, notably from the huge Renault plant at Boulogne Billancourt in the Paris suburbs. Though political, the movement sidelined all existing political parties, including the Communists, considered by the new left-wing as being an 'obsolete' political force.
       Faced with turmoil on the streets and a partial collapse of French society, President de Gaulle fled to Germany on 29th May, before returning and promising new elections. But by the time the elections took place, theGrenelle agreements had been negotiated with the trade unions, the heat had died down, and many French people had become seriously alarmed by the turn of events. In the June elections, the Gaullist majority was returned to power with an increased majority.
       The events nevertheless marked the beginning of the end for de Gaulle. In 1969 he organised a referendum on decentralisation, promising to step down if the referendum failed. To a certain extent, de Gaulle's vision of decentralisation was not that wanted by the voters; but in addition, the referendum became seen as a plebiscite on the Gaullist system, rather than on decentralisation. The referendum proposal was rejected by 52.4% of voters, and de Gaulle stepped down.
       It is certain that a new France, less hide-bound, more emancipated and more free, emerged in the aftermath of 68. Whether this would have happened anyway, and whether the means justified the end, are questions about which there is still considerable debate in France to this day.

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Soixante-huit

  • 42 return on assets

    Fin
    a measure of profitability calculated by expressing a company’s net income as a percentage of total assets.
    Abbr. ROA
    EXAMPLE
    Because the ROA formula reflects total revenue, total cost, and assets deployed, the ratio itself reflects a management’s ability to generate income during the course of a given period, usually a year.
         To calculate ROA, net income is divided by total assets, then multiplied by 100 to express the figure as a percentage:
    Net income /total assets × 100 = ROA
    If net income is $30, and total assets are $420, the ROA is:
    30 /420 = 0.0714 × 100 = 7.14%
         A variation of this formula can be used to calculate return on net assets (RONA):
    Net income /fixed assets + working capital = RONA
    And, on occasion, the formula will separate after-tax interest expense from net income:
    Net income + interest expense /total assets = ROA
    It is therefore important to understand what each component of the formula actually represents.
         Some experts recommend using the net income value at the end of the given period, and the assets value from beginning of the period or an average value taken over the complete period, rather than an end-of-theperiod value; otherwise, the calculation will include assets that have accumulated during the year, which can be misleading.

    The ultimate business dictionary > return on assets

  • 43 ōvum

        ōvum ī, n    [3 AV-], an egg: ovum parere, to lay: ponere, O.: pullos ex ovis excuderunt, hatched: pisces ova cum genuerunt, spawn: integram famem ad ovum adfero, i. e. the beginning of the meal (when eggs were served): ab ova Usque ad mala, i. e. from the beginning to the end, H.: Nec gemino bellum Troianum orditur ab ovo (alluding to the mythical story of the eggs of Leda), H.: ovo prognatus eodem, i. e. of the same mother, H.: ova ad notas curriculis numerandus (wooden eggs used in the circus as counters, one being removed after each circuit made), L.     pēius and sup. pessimē    [see malus], badly, wrongly, ill, wretchedly: homines male vestiti: animo malest? are you vexed? T.: hoc male habet virum, vexes, T.: L. Antonio male sit, ill betide: audire, be ill-spoken of.—Badly, wickedly, cruelly, maliciously, hurtfully, injuriously: quod mihi re male feceris, T.: male agendi causā: loqui: pessume istuc in illum consulis, T.: Carthagini male iam diu cogitanti bellum denuntio: agmen adversariorum male habere, harass, Cs.— Badly, awkwardly, unskilfully, unsuccessfully, unfortunately, ruinously: male gerendo negotio: res suae male gestae: pugnare, S.: Nec vixit male, qui, etc., failed in life, H.: quae res tibi vortat male, turn out ill, T.: vendendum, too cheap: empta, too dear: cui male si palpere, awkwardly, H.: defendit pampinus uvas, to no purpose, V.: salsus, impertinently, H.: sedula nutrix, unseasonably, O.— Badly, excessively, extremely, greatly, very much: male metuo, ne, etc., <*>.: quo neminem peius oderunt: cane peius Vitabit chlamydem, H.: rauci, miserably, H.: dispar, sadly, H.— Badly, imperfectly, scarcely, not at all: (domum) male tuetur: sanus, deranged: pārens asellus, refractory, H.: male numen amicum, hostile, V.: statio male fida carinis, unsafe, V.: plenae legiunculae, L.: male viva caro est, O.
    * * *

    Latin-English dictionary > ōvum

  • 44 מכות

    מָכוּתf. (מָךְ) 1) poverty. B. Mets. 114a; Arakh.17b (ref. to מָךְ, Lev. 27:8) עד שיהא במָכוּתוֹוכ׳ he must have remained in his impoverished condition from the beginning to the end of the proceedings. 2) humility. Gen. R. s. 74, end (play on מ̇כ̇ת̇ס̇, Ps. 60:1) מ̇כ̇ות ות̇מ̇ות humility (of David) and innocence; Yalk. Sam. 147 מ׳ ותמות לדוד.

    Jewish literature > מכות

  • 45 מָכוּת

    מָכוּתf. (מָךְ) 1) poverty. B. Mets. 114a; Arakh.17b (ref. to מָךְ, Lev. 27:8) עד שיהא במָכוּתוֹוכ׳ he must have remained in his impoverished condition from the beginning to the end of the proceedings. 2) humility. Gen. R. s. 74, end (play on מ̇כ̇ת̇ס̇, Ps. 60:1) מ̇כ̇ות ות̇מ̇ות humility (of David) and innocence; Yalk. Sam. 147 מ׳ ותמות לדוד.

    Jewish literature > מָכוּת

  • 46 А-25

    альфа и омега чего lit NP sing only fixed WO
    1. the beginning and the end of sth.: the alpha and omega.
    2. the very essence, the most essential components of sth.: the alpha and omega.
    Судилище явное и судилище тайное - вот альфа и омега нашей жизни (Мандельштам 2). Trials, "open" or secret, were the alpha and omega of our existence (2a).
    From the names of the first and last letters of the Greek alphabet. Used in the Bible (Rev. 1:8).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > А-25

  • 47 альфа и омега

    [NP; sing only; fixed WO]
    =====
    1. the beginning and the end of sth.:
    - the alpha and omega.
    2. the very essence, the most essential components of sth.:
    - the alpha and omega.
         ♦ Судилище явное и судилище тайное - вот альфа и омега нашей жизни (Мандельштам 2). Trials, "open" or secret, were the alpha and omega of our existence (2a).
    —————
    ← From the names of the first and last letters of the Greek alphabet. Used in the Bible (Rev. 1:8).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > альфа и омега

  • 48 разность между общим запасом воды в тающем снежном покрове по данным снегосъёмок в конце и начале р

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > разность между общим запасом воды в тающем снежном покрове по данным снегосъёмок в конце и начале р

  • 49 И-50

    ИЗМЕНИТЬ/ИЗМЕНИТЬ (САМОМУ) СЕБЕ VP subj: human usu. this WO to act against one's nature, habits, or beliefs
    X изменил (самому) себе = X was untrue (false) to himself
    X went against his convictions (principles).
    Для русских историков... Наполеон есть предмет восхищения и восторга... Кутузов же, тот человек, который от начала и до конца своей деятельности в 1812 году... ни разу ни одним действием, ни словом не изменяя себе, являет необычайный в истории пример самоотвержения и сознания в настоящем будущего значения события, - Кутузов представляется им чем-то неопределённым и жалким... (Толстой 7). For Russian historians...Napoleon is the object of adulation and enthusiasm....But Kutuzov, the man who from the beginning to the end of his activity in 1812...was never once by word or deed false to himself, who presents an example rare in history of self-sacrifice and of present insight into the future significance of events-Kutuzov seems to them something indeterminate and pitiful... (7a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > И-50

  • 50 изменить самому себе

    • ИЗМЕНЯТЬ/ИЗМЕНЯТЬ (САМОМУ) СЕБЕ
    [VP; subj: human; usu. this WO]
    =====
    ⇒ to act against one's nature, habits, or beliefs:
    - X изменил (самому) себе≈ X was untrue < false> to himself;
    - X went against his convictions < principles>.
         ♦ Для русских историков... Наполеон есть предмет восхищения и восторга... Кутузов же, тот человек, который от начала и до конца своей деятельности в 1812 году... ни разу ни одним действием, ни словом не изменяя себе, являет необычайный в истории пример самоотвержения и сознания в настоящем будущего значения события, - Кутузов представляется им чем-то неопределённым и жалким... (Толстой 7). For Russian historians...Napoleon is the object of adulation and enthusiasm....But Kutuzov, the man who from the beginning to the end of his activity in 1812...was never once by word or deed false to himself, who presents an example rare in history of self-sacrifice and of present insight into the future significance of events - Kutuzov seems to them something indeterminate and pitiful... (7a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > изменить самому себе

  • 51 изменить себе

    • ИЗМЕНЯТЬ/ИЗМЕНЯТЬ (САМОМУ) СЕБЕ
    [VP; subj: human; usu. this WO]
    =====
    ⇒ to act against one's nature, habits, or beliefs:
    - X изменил (самому) себе≈ X was untrue < false> to himself;
    - X went against his convictions < principles>.
         ♦ Для русских историков... Наполеон есть предмет восхищения и восторга... Кутузов же, тот человек, который от начала и до конца своей деятельности в 1812 году... ни разу ни одним действием, ни словом не изменяя себе, являет необычайный в истории пример самоотвержения и сознания в настоящем будущего значения события, - Кутузов представляется им чем-то неопределённым и жалким... (Толстой 7). For Russian historians...Napoleon is the object of adulation and enthusiasm....But Kutuzov, the man who from the beginning to the end of his activity in 1812...was never once by word or deed false to himself, who presents an example rare in history of self-sacrifice and of present insight into the future significance of events - Kutuzov seems to them something indeterminate and pitiful... (7a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > изменить себе

  • 52 изменять самому себе

    • ИЗМЕНЯТЬ/ИЗМЕНЯТЬ (САМОМУ) СЕБЕ
    [VP; subj: human; usu. this WO]
    =====
    ⇒ to act against one's nature, habits, or beliefs:
    - X изменил (самому) себе≈ X was untrue < false> to himself;
    - X went against his convictions < principles>.
         ♦ Для русских историков... Наполеон есть предмет восхищения и восторга... Кутузов же, тот человек, который от начала и до конца своей деятельности в 1812 году... ни разу ни одним действием, ни словом не изменяя себе, являет необычайный в истории пример самоотвержения и сознания в настоящем будущего значения события, - Кутузов представляется им чем-то неопределённым и жалким... (Толстой 7). For Russian historians...Napoleon is the object of adulation and enthusiasm....But Kutuzov, the man who from the beginning to the end of his activity in 1812...was never once by word or deed false to himself, who presents an example rare in history of self-sacrifice and of present insight into the future significance of events - Kutuzov seems to them something indeterminate and pitiful... (7a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > изменять самому себе

  • 53 изменять себе

    • ИЗМЕНЯТЬ/ИЗМЕНЯТЬ (САМОМУ) СЕБЕ
    [VP; subj: human; usu. this WO]
    =====
    ⇒ to act against one's nature, habits, or beliefs:
    - X изменил (самому) себе≈ X was untrue < false> to himself;
    - X went against his convictions < principles>.
         ♦ Для русских историков... Наполеон есть предмет восхищения и восторга... Кутузов же, тот человек, который от начала и до конца своей деятельности в 1812 году... ни разу ни одним действием, ни словом не изменяя себе, являет необычайный в истории пример самоотвержения и сознания в настоящем будущего значения события, - Кутузов представляется им чем-то неопределённым и жалким... (Толстой 7). For Russian historians...Napoleon is the object of adulation and enthusiasm....But Kutuzov, the man who from the beginning to the end of his activity in 1812...was never once by word or deed false to himself, who presents an example rare in history of self-sacrifice and of present insight into the future significance of events - Kutuzov seems to them something indeterminate and pitiful... (7a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > изменять себе

  • 54 auf halbem Wege

    midway
    * * *
    (of or at a point equally far from the beginning and the end: We have reached the half-way point; We are half-way through the work now.) half-way

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > auf halbem Wege

  • 55 half-way

    adjective, adverb
    of or at a point equally far from the beginning and the end:

    We are half-way through the work now.

    في مُنْتَصَف الطَّريق

    Arabic-English dictionary > half-way

  • 56 स्थायिक


    sthāyika
    mfn. lasting, enduring (in ādy-anta-sth-, « lasting from the beginning to the end») Siṇhâs. ;

    faithful, trustworthy Bhar. ;
    (ā) f. the action of standing Pāṇ. 3-3, 95 Vārtt. 1 Pat.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > स्थायिक

  • 57 처음부터 끝까지

    adv. from the beginning to the end, throughout, thro, through, thru, over

    Korean-English dictionary > 처음부터 끝까지

  • 58 यज्ञायज्ञिय


    yajñāyajñíya
    n. (fr. yājñā́-yajñā, the beginning of RV. I, 168, 1) N. of various Sāmans ( alsoﾠ called agnishṭoma-s-, from coming at the end of an Agni-shṭoma) AV. VS. Br. etc.. ;

    - यज्ञारङ्गेशपुरी

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > यज्ञायज्ञिय

  • 59 de principio a fin

    = from start to finish, gavel to gavel, from beginning to end
    Ex. This concept permeates all bibliothecal activities from start to finish, especially indexing and abstracting.
    Ex. A survey of state legislators finds that lawmakers support expanding television coverage of legislative proceedings to include gavel to gavel programming.
    Ex. This new drapers' guild commissioned a series of paintings illustrating the textile production steps from beginning to end.
    * * *
    de principio a fin (documento)

    Ex: Virtually every discipline in the sciences, from astronomy through zoology, is represented since journals are indexed cover to cover.

    = from start to finish, gavel to gavel, from beginning to end

    Ex: This concept permeates all bibliothecal activities from start to finish, especially indexing and abstracting.

    Ex: A survey of state legislators finds that lawmakers support expanding television coverage of legislative proceedings to include gavel to gavel programming.
    Ex: This new drapers' guild commissioned a series of paintings illustrating the textile production steps from beginning to end.

    Spanish-English dictionary > de principio a fin

  • 60 ENDI

    * * *
    m.
    1) the end (extremity) of an object (þar var skáli mikill ok dyrr á báðum endum);
    2) conclusion, end, issue (hvern enda eiga mundi málit); gera enda á e-u, koma enda á e-t, to bring to an end; vera á enda, to be at an end; S. var vistum með föður sínum til enda, S. stayed with his father to the end; eigi er fyrir enda um gert með þeim, their difference is not settled between them upphaf ok endir, beginning and end; hér skal nú ok endir á verða, here it shall come to an end; sá varð endir á, at, the end of it was, that; til alls endis, to the very end.
    * * *
    a, m., and endir, s, m. [Ulf. andeis = τέλος; A. S. ende; Engl. end; O. H. G. enti; Germ. ende; Swed. ände; Dan. ende]:—the end, conclusion; as in the proverbs, endirinn skyldi í upphafi skoða, Lat. quidquid incipias respice finem; allt er gott ef endirinn er góðr, all’s well that ends well; sjá fyrir enda á e-u, to see the end of a thing (how it will end); göra fyrir enda á e-u (a weaver’s term), to bring to an end, Grett. 100 new Ed.; leysa e-m illan (góðan) enda (a weaver’s term), to bring to an ill ( good) end, Korm. 164 (in a verse); mun einn endir leystr vera um þá úgiptu. it will all come to one end, Gisl. 82; binda enda á e-t, to fulfil, finish, Snót 169; göra enda á, to bring to an end, Dipl. i. 6; vera á enda, to be at an end, Fms. xi. 427 (to be at one’s wit’s end); standask á endum, Nj. 111; allt með endum, adv. from end to end, Lex. Poët.; til annars endans, Nj. 176; öðrum endanum, Eg. 91; dyrr á báðum endum, Fms. iv. 220; at sínum enda hvárir, Grág. ii. 48; til enda jarðar, 656 B. 4; endanum (with the article), 655, xxxii; til enda, to the end of life, Nj. 39; endir líkams, Hom. 103; upphaf ok endir, 146; engi endir, 157; hér skal nú ok endir á verða, it shall come to an end, Nj. 145; sá varð endir a, at …, that was the end of it, that …, Fas. ii. 514; annarr endir hersins, Fms. ix. 353; hinn neðri endir, Sks. 167 B.
    COMPDS: endadagr, endafjöl, endaknútr, endalauss, endalok, endamark, endamerki, endamjórr, endasleppt, endaþarmr.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > ENDI

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