(for+embroidery)

Usually a four-fold yarn used for embroidery. Two-and three-fold yarns are used, but not so much as the four-fold. They are all slack twist, made from cotton, silk, rayon and linen. If cotton, they are made from super cotton and mercerised. In silk from one-to twenty-fold yarns are made, and all are loosely twisted. They are also known as crewel yarns.

A general term for fabrics used for hand embroidery work and includes cambrics, canvas, net, silk, etc.

A filling-in stitch consisting of even basting stitches, every second row alternating, and used for filling in bands and borders.

A modern embroidery used for working borders to tablecloths and curtains. A band of cloth is stitched on to the material (in contrasting colours) and embroidery in the lance stitch and other stitches is done on this band as well as on the main material at each side.

A sort of chenille embroidery and only used for curtains, etc., where not much friction occurs. The cord known as "Arrasene" is cither drawn through the base fabric or laid on and stitched down.

This is one of the simplest kinds of embroidery. The design is traced upon the material, and the lines are followed with the backstitch. The sewing machine is now used for this work.

A Spanish embroidery done on fine white linen, with black silk and gold thread, at times, for added ornament.

White embroidery upon white handkerchiefs in lace effects. Also used for ladies' necktie ends.

Embroidery work in gold and silver, done in the Eastern parts of India for decorating robes, etc.

A variety of embroidery resembling cloisonne produced at Delhi, India. The outline of the design, consisting usually of flowers and foliage, is done in gold thread and the pattern is filled in with bright-coloured silk. Used for screens, table covers, etc.

Beautiful embroidery and darned work, done on linen or silk foundation with floral, arabesque, etc., designs. Used as borders and edgings for articles that are frequently washed.

A combination of applique, couching outlines, and fancy stitches, and used for ornamenting leather and such materials that are too thick for needle working.

This term covers a remarkable range of hand work done both by men and women, for decorating anything in fabrics. They use silk, gold, silver, wool, cotton, feathers, etc. The designs are numerous, and include dragons, birds, flowers, ships, etc.

A variety of applique work for the decoration of small mats, banner screens and other fancy articles. Pieces of coloured silk are arranged in arabesque designs and stitched down.

A style of work used to ornament children's dresses, underclothing, corners and borders for towels, tablecloths, etc. The outline of a design is traced on the material and then worked in buttonhole stitch all round the lines.

A variety of crewel work in Eastern designs. Used for mantel borders, chair covers, towels, etc. Persian and Turkish effects are usual. The borders are in drawn thread work.

cañamazo m (para bordar) canvas for embroidery

Silk yarns are composed of a number of silk filaments twisted together, usually 8 to 12 to form a thread. The filaments have a natural coating of gum which gives strength and elasticity, but reduces lustre. The gum must be boiled off if lustre is wanted, which may be done either in the yarn state or when woven in cloth. Silk yarns are divided into two classes, " thrown silk" and " spun silk," the first being yarns that are made by the processes of reeling and throwing, and the second consisting of yarns spun from waste silk. Thrown Silk, or Net Silk comprises organzine and tram yarns, organzine being made from the most perfect cocoons and used for warps. Tram is made from the inferior cocoons and used as weft. All silk contains a proportion of natural gum, and the amount of gum removed give rise to the following terms: - Boiled-off Silk - Yarn which has had all the gum removed, and has the highest sheen (see Boiled-off). Hard Silk - Yarn that has not undergone any boiling-off process. Ecru Silk - Yarn boiled to remove about 3 per cent to 5 per cent of the gum by light washing in lukewarm water. Souple Silk - Yarn boiled to remove about one-sixth of the gum. Bengal Silk - See Bengal Silk. Berlin Silk - A silk yarn made for fancy hand work. It is produced by doubling from 4 to 8 twisted singles grege by a right-hand twist; then again doubling three of these with a left-hand twist. The thread is very round, smooth, and hard, also known as cordon-net. Blond Silk - A special silk yarn made by doubling three grege threads left-hand twist, then doubling three of these together with right-hand twist. Brights - Silk which has been entirely de-gummed in the skein and then dyed. Bourette, Bourrette Yarn - A low grade of silk yarn made from the waste produced by schappe spinning. Canton Silk - See Canton Silk. Chiffon Twist - Single raw silk threads, 50 or more turns per inch. Used for chiffons, crepe-de-chines, etc. Crepe-de-Chine - Hard twist tram silk, about 40 to 70 turns per inch. Made from 3 to 5 raw silk ends. Usually woven as weft. Crepe Georgette - Hard twist raw silk usually made from two threads 13/15 deniers, 50 or more turns, both right and left twist, used for crepe georgettes as warp and weft. Crepe Twist - This is tram silk hard twisted, having from 30 to 100 turns per inch. Used for making fabrics of a crepe character both all silk and mixtures. Cordonnet Silk - See Berlin Silk; also under Cordonnet. Eri Silk - A raw silk obtained from the wild silkworm " Attacus ricini." Flock Silk - A general term used to indicate silk yarns made from the outer uneven parts of the cocoon. Floss Silk - Used principally for embroidery purposes. It is a thrown silk and made by doubling two thick raw singles with right-hand twist together with a left-hand twist. Galette Silk - A coarse silk yarn made from waste. Grenadine Silk - Organzine silk with a large number of turns per inch. Jaspe Silk - Silk warps printed in the hank. Ombre Silk - Skein dyed yarn in a gradation of shades, which run in sequence of depth of colour, varying from five up to forty shades. Schappe Silk - A spun silk yarn which is made from silk degummed by the maceration process used on the Continent (see Schappe Silk). Soie Ondee - See Soie Ondee. Silk Yarns - In addition to the foregoing yarns see under the following terms for further silk yarns: - Cable, Cevennes, Chappe, Chine, Clochepeid, Crocheting, Crue (see Ecru), Cuite Cusier, Cusirino, Degummed, Docken, Doup-pion. Ecru, Embroidery, Etschingo, Filature, Filature a 1'Europeune, Filet, Florette, Fringe, Goffered, Grege, Gum Hainin, Hard, Kahing, Knitting, Lousy, Marabout, Maybasch, Melange, Mele, Mi-cuit, Minchcw, Nett, Noil, Organzine, Ouvrees, Oval, Pearlina, Pel, Pelo, Poie, Pure dye Silk, Raw (see Grege), Re-reels, Retorse, Senegal, Sewing, Simonita, Soft Singles, Soie Ondee, Souple, Spun, Steeped, Strafilato, Stumba, Thrown, Tors San File, Tram, Tramette, Tsatlees, Tussah, Twist, Washed, Zaguri.

A fine linen fabric of plain weave, one end in a dent, and used as ground cloth for embroidery work. Cotton yarns of super quality are also used in many weights. Many cambric qualities can be termed, embroidery cloths, such as 45-in., 80 ends and 72 picks per inch, 46's T., 42's W. A linen embroidery cloth that is very popular is woven in the 8 X 8 mock leno weave.

Mediaeval Latin name for embroidery, made on an open canvas ground with silk or wool in cross or tent stitches. The embroidery was usually done in wool and employed for cushions and heraldic designs. The name is first met with in 13th century manuscripts. The cross stitch was also known under this term.