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(ending+activity)

  • 1 ending

    نِهَايَة \ close: end: The meeting came to a close. conclusion: ending, finish. end: the last or farthest point; the finish: We reached the end of the road. We waited for him, but in the end we had to go without him. ending: the end of a word or story. extreme: an extreme point: In the desert, one suffers extremes of heat and cold. The temperature goes from one extreme to the other. finish: the end (of an activity): I watched the finish of the race. last: the end; sth. that is last: we’ve just eaten the last of the cake. limit: a point that must not or cannot be passed: Keep to the speed limit. There’s a limit to what I can carry. \ See Also حد (حَدّ)‏

    Arabic-English glossary > ending

  • 2 ending

    خَاتِمَة \ close: end: The meeting came to a close. conclusion: ending; finish. end: the last or farthest point; the finish: We reached the end of the road. We waited for him, but in the end we had to go without him. ending: the end of a word or story. finish: the end (of an activity): I watched the finish of the race.

    Arabic-English glossary > ending

  • 3 confusión

    f.
    1 confusion, mix-up, disorder, confusedness.
    2 perplexity, bafflement, confusion, confusedness.
    3 commotion, riot, clutter, hassle.
    4 scene of confusion, shambles.
    * * *
    1 (desorden) confusion, chaos
    2 (equivocación) mistake, confusion
    3 (turbación) confusion, embarrassment
    * * *
    noun f.
    * * *
    SF
    1) (=equivocación) confusion

    ha habido una confusión en los nombres — there was a mix-up with the names, there was some confusion with the names

    esta carta no es para mí, debe de tratarse de una confusión — this letter is not for me, there must be some mistake

    • por confusión — by mistake

    2) (=desconcierto) confusion
    3) (=turbación)
    * * *
    a) (desorden, caos) confusion
    b) ( perplejidad) confusion
    c) ( turbación) embarrassment
    d) ( equivocación) confusion
    * * *
    = confounding, confusion, mix-up [mixup], dislocation, welter, muddle, perplex, turbulence, turmoil, jumble, blurring, clouding, daze, messiness, obfuscation, turbulent waters, puzzle, miasma, snarl, snarl-up, brouhaha, perplexity.
    Ex. Experience of IT in USA is associated not infrequently with the confounding of confident expectations.
    Ex. In particular, when one command means one thing in one system and something else in another system this is likely to lead to confusion.
    Ex. You'll have to call him and tell him there's been a mix-up and that he'll be called as soon as there's another opening.
    Ex. SDC's ORBIT software is a variation on the ELHILL software used with MEDLINE, so users of that data base can move across to SDC with a minimum of dislocation.
    Ex. Without language we would go bumping around in the dark and eventually take leave of our senses under the welter of the incomprehensible, withdrawing, as some people do, into a closed world in order to protect ourselves against the unbearable onslaught.
    Ex. The author attempts to sort out the muddle in which librarians have found themselves = El autor intenta aclarar la confusión en la que se encuentran los bibliotecarios.
    Ex. The article 'The print perplex' asserts that librarians must deal with a future of mixed print and digital material, since most books will never be in digital form.
    Ex. The title of the article is 'Survival skills for information professionals in the decade of turbulence'.
    Ex. China has suffered from over a decade of turmoil which has prevented the development of modern information services.
    Ex. Compared to this fairly ordered monographic literature, the multiple contents of a collection of periodicals seemed like a terrible jumble.
    Ex. Read from the perspective of Bakhtin, this blurring of genres is also a blurring of idealogies.
    Ex. A major problem for the technician is one of recognition in situations where there is a clouding of identification with clerical staff.
    Ex. The article 'The daze of future business research' examines changing trends in online business information searching with the rush to the Internet.
    Ex. Management theorists seem unable to cope with the unpredictability, the multivariate nature and the ' messiness' of human organizations in cultural contexts.
    Ex. The results has been an ever greater obfuscation of what constitutes the profession of librarianship.
    Ex. His experience and expertise has guided IFLA members smoothly across what could easily have been turbulent waters = Sus conocimientos y experiencia en la formulación de los Estatutos ha guiado a los miembros de la IFLA sin problemas a través de lo que podrían haber sido fácilmente aguas turbulentas.
    Ex. We talk heatedly about books that lie beyond our present concerns because these allow us to speculate and often present us with puzzles we want to explore.
    Ex. The past is often shrouded in a miasma of uncertain memories confounded by missing or incomplete records.
    Ex. His work is such a snarl of so many different things that it is as endlessly demanding as it is rewarding.
    Ex. However, taxi is a more advisable option considering the never-ending Bangkok traffic snarl-up, especially during the rush hour.
    Ex. He believes that most political brouhahas are cooked up to divert the public's attention from the real terrorism.
    Ex. The combination of perplexity over what is the right mix and apparent inability to represent information activity dynamically is very strong.
    ----
    * aclarar una confusión = unravel + snarl.
    * aumentar la confusión = add to + the confusion.
    * causar confusión = wreak + confusion, cause + confusion.
    * confusión económica = economic turmoil.
    * confusión histórica = historical confusion.
    * de un modo que causa confusión = confusingly.
    * estado de confusión = state of confusion.
    * llevar a confusión = lead to + confusion.
    * que induce a confusión = confounding.
    * * *
    a) (desorden, caos) confusion
    b) ( perplejidad) confusion
    c) ( turbación) embarrassment
    d) ( equivocación) confusion
    * * *
    = confounding, confusion, mix-up [mixup], dislocation, welter, muddle, perplex, turbulence, turmoil, jumble, blurring, clouding, daze, messiness, obfuscation, turbulent waters, puzzle, miasma, snarl, snarl-up, brouhaha, perplexity.

    Ex: Experience of IT in USA is associated not infrequently with the confounding of confident expectations.

    Ex: In particular, when one command means one thing in one system and something else in another system this is likely to lead to confusion.
    Ex: You'll have to call him and tell him there's been a mix-up and that he'll be called as soon as there's another opening.
    Ex: SDC's ORBIT software is a variation on the ELHILL software used with MEDLINE, so users of that data base can move across to SDC with a minimum of dislocation.
    Ex: Without language we would go bumping around in the dark and eventually take leave of our senses under the welter of the incomprehensible, withdrawing, as some people do, into a closed world in order to protect ourselves against the unbearable onslaught.
    Ex: The author attempts to sort out the muddle in which librarians have found themselves = El autor intenta aclarar la confusión en la que se encuentran los bibliotecarios.
    Ex: The article 'The print perplex' asserts that librarians must deal with a future of mixed print and digital material, since most books will never be in digital form.
    Ex: The title of the article is 'Survival skills for information professionals in the decade of turbulence'.
    Ex: China has suffered from over a decade of turmoil which has prevented the development of modern information services.
    Ex: Compared to this fairly ordered monographic literature, the multiple contents of a collection of periodicals seemed like a terrible jumble.
    Ex: Read from the perspective of Bakhtin, this blurring of genres is also a blurring of idealogies.
    Ex: A major problem for the technician is one of recognition in situations where there is a clouding of identification with clerical staff.
    Ex: The article 'The daze of future business research' examines changing trends in online business information searching with the rush to the Internet.
    Ex: Management theorists seem unable to cope with the unpredictability, the multivariate nature and the ' messiness' of human organizations in cultural contexts.
    Ex: The results has been an ever greater obfuscation of what constitutes the profession of librarianship.
    Ex: His experience and expertise has guided IFLA members smoothly across what could easily have been turbulent waters = Sus conocimientos y experiencia en la formulación de los Estatutos ha guiado a los miembros de la IFLA sin problemas a través de lo que podrían haber sido fácilmente aguas turbulentas.
    Ex: We talk heatedly about books that lie beyond our present concerns because these allow us to speculate and often present us with puzzles we want to explore.
    Ex: The past is often shrouded in a miasma of uncertain memories confounded by missing or incomplete records.
    Ex: His work is such a snarl of so many different things that it is as endlessly demanding as it is rewarding.
    Ex: However, taxi is a more advisable option considering the never-ending Bangkok traffic snarl-up, especially during the rush hour.
    Ex: He believes that most political brouhahas are cooked up to divert the public's attention from the real terrorism.
    Ex: The combination of perplexity over what is the right mix and apparent inability to represent information activity dynamically is very strong.
    * aclarar una confusión = unravel + snarl.
    * aumentar la confusión = add to + the confusion.
    * causar confusión = wreak + confusion, cause + confusion.
    * confusión económica = economic turmoil.
    * confusión histórica = historical confusion.
    * de un modo que causa confusión = confusingly.
    * estado de confusión = state of confusion.
    * llevar a confusión = lead to + confusion.
    * que induce a confusión = confounding.

    * * *
    1 (perplejidad) confusion
    para mayor confusión se llaman igual to add to the confusion o to confuse things even more o to make things even more confusing, they have the same name
    2 (desorden, caos) confusion
    3 (turbación) embarrassment
    su inesperada declaración de amor la llenó de confusión his unexpected declaration of love filled her with embarrassment o confusion o threw her into confusion
    tanta amabilidad me produjo una gran confusión I was embarrassed o overwhelmed by so much kindness
    4 (equivocación) confusion
    lamentamos la confusión que hubo con la factura we regret the confusion over the invoice
    sus comentarios se prestan a confusión his comments are open to misinterpretation
    para que no haya más confusiones to avoid any further confusion o any more mix-ups
    * * *

     

    confusión sustantivo femenino



    confusión sustantivo femenino
    1 (desorden) confusion
    2 (error) mistake
    ' confusión' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    aturdimiento
    - barullo
    - belén
    - desbarajuste
    - desconcierto
    - desorientación
    - embrollo
    - folclore
    - follón
    - obnubilar
    - ofuscación
    - para
    - prestarse
    - torre
    - turbación
    - aquél
    - armar
    - bochinche
    - convulsionar
    - desorden
    - ése
    - éste
    - grado
    - jaleo
    - lío
    - mareo
    - medio
    - sólo
    - turbar
    English:
    brainstorm
    - confusion
    - disarray
    - foul up
    - haziness
    - mess
    - misunderstanding
    - mix-up
    - quagmire
    - rush
    - scramble
    - shambles
    - start
    - turmoil
    - welter
    - add
    - disorder
    - havoc
    - mix
    - straighten
    * * *
    1. [desorden, lío] confusion;
    la confusión aumentó con la llegada del cantante the singer's arrival added to the confusion;
    los ladrones actuaron aprovechando la confusión the thieves took advantage of the confusion;
    hubo una gran confusión there was great confusion;
    existe cierta confusión acerca de lo que realmente quiso decir there is some confusion as to what he really meant
    2. [desconcierto]
    la noticia me llenó de confusión I was disconcerted by the news
    3. [error] mix-up;
    ha habido una confusión there has been a bit of a mix-up;
    esa frase puede llevar a confusión that phrase could lead to confusion o be misinterpreted
    * * *
    f confusion
    * * *
    confusión nf, pl - siones : confusion
    * * *
    1. (falta de claridad) confusion
    2. (equivocación) mistake

    Spanish-English dictionary > confusión

  • 4 διά

    διά prep. w. gen. and acc. (Hom.+) (for lit. s. ἀνά, beg.); the fundamental idea that finds expression in this prep. is separation, esp. in the gen., with the gener. sense ‘through’; in the acc. the gener. sense also is ‘through’ (cp. the semantic range in Eng.), but primarily with a causal focus ‘owing to’.
    A. w. gen.
    ① marker of extension through an area or object, via, through
    ⓐ w. verbs of going διέρχεσθαι διὰ πάντων (sc. τόπων, EpArist 132) go through all the places Ac 9:32; cp. Mt 12:43; Lk 11:24. ἀπελεύσομαι διʼ ὑμῶν εἰς I will go through your city on the way to Ro 15:28; cp. 2 Cor. 1:16. διαβαίνειν Hb 11:29. διαπορεύεσθαι διὰ σπορίμων Lk 6:1. εἰσέρχεσθαι διὰ τῆς πύλης (Jos., Ant. 13, 229) Mt 7:13a; τ. θύρας J 10:1f; cp. vs. 9. παρέρχεσθαι διὰ τ. ὁδοῦ pass by along the road Mt 8:28; cp. 7:13b. παραπορεύεσθαι Mk 2:23; 9:30. περιπατεῖν διὰ τοῦ φωτός walk about through or in the light Rv 21:24. ὑποστρέφειν διὰ Μακεδονίας return through M. Ac 20:3.—Ἰης. ὁ ἐλθὼν διʼ ὕδατος καὶ αἵματος 1J 5:6 first of all refers quite literally to Jesus’ passing through water at the hand of John and through blood at his death (on the expression ‘come through blood’ in this sense cp. Eur., Phoen. 20 in Alex. Aphr., Fat. 31 II 2 p. 202, 10, of the oracle to Laius the father of Oedipus, concerning the bloody downfall of his house: πᾶς σὸς οἶκος βήσεται διʼ αἵματος). But mng. 3c may also apply: Jesus comes with the water of baptism and with the blood of redemption for his own.—AKlöpper, 1J 5:6–12: ZWT 43, 1900, 378–400.—The ῥῆμα ἐκπορευόμενον διὰ στόματος θεοῦ Mt 4:4 (Dt 8:3) is simply the word that proceeds out of the mouth of God (cp. Theognis 1, 18 Diehl3 τοῦτʼ ἔπος ἀθανάτων ἦλθε διὰ στομάτων; Pittacus in Diog. L. 1, 78 διὰ στόματος λαλεῖ; Chrysippus argues in Diog. L. 7, 187: εἴ τι λαλεῖς, τοῦτο διὰ τοῦ στόματός σου διέρχεται, i.e. if one e.g. says the word ἅμαξα, a wagon passes through the person’s lips; TestIss 7:4 ψεῦδος οὐκ ἀνῆλθε διὰ τ. χειλέων μου. Cp. also δέχεσθαι διὰ τῶν χειρῶν τινος Gen 33:10 beside δέχ. ἐκ τ. χειρ. τινος Ex 32:4).
    ⓑ w. other verbs that include motion: οὗ ὁ ἔπαινος διὰ πασῶν τ. ἐκκλησιῶν (sc. ἀγγέλλεται) throughout all the congregations 2 Cor 8:18. διαφέρεσθαι διʼ (v.l. καθʼ) ὅλης τῆς χώρας be spread through the whole region Ac 13:49. διὰ τ. κεράμων καθῆκαν αὐτόν they let him down through the tile roof Lk 5:19. διὰ τοῦ τείχους καθῆκαν through an opening in the wall (Jos., Ant. 5, 15) Ac 9:25; cp. 2 Cor 11:33. (σωθήσεται) ὡς διὰ πυρός as if he had come through fire 1 Cor 3:15. διασῴζεσθαι διʼ ὕδατος be brought safely through the water 1 Pt 3:20.—διʼ ὅλου J 19:23 s. ὅλος 2.
    ⓐ of a whole period of time, to its very end throughout, through, during διὰ παντός (sc. χρόνου. Edd. gener. write διὰ παντός, but Tdf. writes διαπαντός exc. Mt 18:10) always, continually, constantly (Hdt. 1, 122, 3; Thu. 1, 38, 1; Vett. Val. 220, 1; 16; PLond I, 42, 6 [172 B.C.] p. 30; BGU 1078, 2; PGM 7, 235; LXX; GrBar 10:7; EpArist index; Jos., Ant. 3, 281; SibOr Fgm. 1, 17; Just., D. 6, 2; 12, 3 al.) Mt 18:10; Mk 5:5; Lk 24:53; Ac 2:25 (Ps 15:8); 10:2; 24:16; Ro 11:10 (Ps 68:24); 2 Th 3:16; Hb 9:6; 13:15; Hm 5, 2, 3; Hs 9, 27, 3. διὰ νυκτός during the night, overnight (νύξ 1b) Ac 23:31. διʼ ὅλης νυκτός the whole night through Lk 5:5; J 21:6 v.l. (X., An. 4, 2, 4; Diod S 3, 12, 3 διʼ ὅλης τῆς νυκτός; PGM 4, 3151; Jos., Ant. 6, 37; cp. διʼ ἡμέρας all through the day: IPriene 112, 61 and 99; 1 Macc 12:27; 4 Macc 3:7). διʼ ἡμερῶν τεσσεράκοντα Ac 1:3 means either for forty days (Philo, Vi. Cont. 35 διʼ ἓξ ἡμερῶν. So AFridrichsen, ThBl 6, 1927, 337–41; MEnslin, JBL 47, 1928, 60–73) or (s. b below) now and then in the course of 40 days (B-D-F §223, 1; Rob. 581; WMichaelis, ThBl 4, 1925, 102f; Bruce, Acts). διὰ παντὸς τοῦ ζῆν throughout the lifetime Hb 2:15 (cp. διὰ παντὸς τοῦ βίου: X., Mem. 1, 2, 61; Pla., Phileb. 39e; Dionys. Hal. 2, 21; διʼ ὅλου τοῦ ζῆν EpArist 130; 141; 168).
    ⓑ of a period of time within which someth. occurs during, at (PTebt 48, 10) διὰ (τῆς) νυκτός at night, during the night (Palaeph. 1, 10; PRyl 138, 15 κατέλαβα τοῦτον διὰ νυκτός; Jos., Bell. 1, 229. S. νύξ 1b end) Ac 5:19; 16:9; 17:10. διὰ τῆς ἡμέρας during the day Lk 9:37 D (Antig. Car. 128 διὰ πέμπτης ἡμέρας=on the fifth day). διὰ τριῶν ἡμερῶν within three days Mt 26:61; Mk 14:58.
    ⓒ of an interval of time, after (Hdt. 6, 118, 3 διʼ ἐτέων εἴκοσι; Thu. 2, 94, 3; X., Mem. 2, 8, 1; Diod S 5, 28, 6 of transmigration of souls: διʼ ἐτῶν ὡρισμένων [=after the passing of a certain number of years] πάλιν βιοῦν; OGI 56, 38; 4 Macc 13:21; Jos., Ant. 4, 209): διʼ ἐτῶν πλειόνων after several years Ac 24:17. διὰ δεκατεσσάρων (s. under δέκα) ἐτῶν after 14 years Gal 2:1. διʼ ἡμερῶν several days afterward Mk 2:1. διὰ ἱκανοῦ χρόνου after (quite) some time Ac 11:2 D (X., Cyr. 1, 4, 28 διὰ χρόνου).
    ③ marker of instrumentality or circumstance whereby someth. is accomplished or effected, by, via, through
    ⓐ of means or instrument γράφειν διά χάρτου καὶ μέλανος write w. paper and ink 2J 12; cp. 3J 13 (Plut., Sol. 87 [17, 3]). διὰ πυρὸς δοκιμάζειν test by fire 1 Pt 1:7. διὰ χρημάτων κτᾶσθαι Ac 8:20. Hebraistically in expr. denoting activity διὰ χειρῶν τινος (LXX) Mk 6:2; Ac 5:12; 14:3; 19:11, 26. Differently γράφειν διὰ χειρός τινος write through the agency of someone 15:23; cp. 11:30. εἰπεῖν διὰ στόματός τινος by the mouth of someone (where the usage discussed in A1a is influential) 1:16; 3:18, 21; 4:25. εὔσημον λόγον διδόναι διὰ τῆς γλώσσης utter intelligible speech with the tongue 1 Cor 14:9. διὰ τοῦ νοὸς λαλεῖν speak, using one’s reason (=consciously; opp., ecstatic speech) vs. 19 v.l. Of the work of Christ: περιποιεῖσθαι διὰ τοῦ αἵματος obtain through his blood Ac 20:28; cp. Eph 1:7; Col 1:20. Also διὰ τοῦ θανάτου Ro 5:10; Col 1:22; Hb 2:14; διὰ τοῦ σώματος Ro 7:4; διὰ τῆς ἰδίας σαρκός AcPlCor 2:6; cp. 2:15; διὰ τοῦ σταυροῦ Eph 2:16; διὰ τῆς θυσίας Hb 9:26; διὰ τῆς προσφορᾶς τοῦ σώματος Ἰησοῦ through the offering of the body of Jesus 10:10; διὰ παθημάτων 2:10.
    ⓑ of manner, esp. w. verbs of saying: ἀπαγγέλλειν διὰ λόγου by word of mouth Ac 15:27; cp. 2 Th 2:15. διʼ ἐπιστολῶν by letter (POxy 1066, 9; 1070, 14f πολλάκις σοι γράψας διὰ ἐπιστολῶν πολλῶν; Tat. 12:3 δια γραφῆς in writing) 1 Cor 16:3; 2 Cor 10:11; cp. 2 Th 2:2, 15. διὰ λόγου πολλοῦ w. many words Ac 15:32. διʼ ὁράματος εἰπεῖν in a vision 18:9. διὰ παραβολῆς in an illustrative way, in a parable Lk 8:4. διὰ προσευχῆς καὶ δεήσεως προσεύχεσθαι call on (God) w. prayer and supplication Eph 6:18. διὰ βραχέων ἐπιστέλλειν write briefly Hb 13:22 (cp. 1 Pt 5:12 P72; Isocr. 14, 3; Lucian, Tox. 56; EpArist 128; Ath. 17:1 σκέψασθε … διὰ βρ.). Also διʼ ὀλίγων γράφειν 1 Pt 5:12 (Pla., Phileb. 31d; UPZ 42, 9 [162 B.C.]; 2 Macc 6:17).
    ⓒ of attendant or prevailing circumstance (Kühner-G. I 482f; X., Cyr. 4, 6, 6 διὰ πένθους τὸ γῆρας διάγων; Just., D. 105, 2 διʼ οὗ πάθους ἔμελλενἀποθνῄσκειν; PTebt 35, 9 [111 B.C.] διὰ τῆς γνώμης τινός=with someone’s consent; Jos., Bell. 4, 105) σὲ τὸν διὰ γράμματος καὶ περιτομῆς παραβάτην νόμου you who, (though provided) with the written code and circumcision, are a transgressor/violator of the law Ro 2:27. διʼ ὑπομονῆς 8:25. διὰ προσκόμματος eat with offense (to the scruples of another) 14:20. διʼ ἀκροβυστίας in a state of being uncircumcised 4:11. διὰ πολλῶν δακρύων with many tears 2 Cor 2:4. Cp. 6:7. διὰ τῆς ἐπιγνώσεως 2 Pt 1:3 ( through recognition [of God as source of the gifts], s. Danker, Benefactor 457). διὰ πυρός in fiery form AcPlCor 2:13.—Here prob. belongs σωθήσεται διὰ τῆς τεκνογονίας 1 Ti 2:15 (opp. of the negative theme in Gen. 3:16), but s. d next. On 1J 5:6 s. A1a above.
    ⓓ of efficient cause via, through διὰ νόμου ἐπίγνωσις ἁμαρτίας ( only) recognition of sin comes via the law Ro 3:20; cp. 4:13. τὰ παθήματα τὰ διὰ τοῦ νόμου passions aroused via the law 7:5. διὰ νόμου πίστεως by the law of faith 3:27; Gal 2:19. ἀφορμὴν λαμβάνειν διὰ τῆς ἐντολῆς Ro 7:8, 11; cp. 13. διὰ τ. εὐαγγελίου ὑμᾶς ἐγέννησα (spiritual parenthood) 1 Cor 4:15. Perh. 1 Ti 2:15 but s. c, above. διὰ τῆς σοφίας with its wisdom 1 Cor 1:21; opp. διὰ τῆς μωρίας τοῦ κηρύγματος through the folly of proclamation = foolish proclamation ibid. διὰ τῆς Λευιτικῆς ἱερωσύνης Hb 7:11. Freq. διὰ (τῆς) πίστεως Ro 1:12; 3:22, 25, 30f; Gal 2:16; 3:14, 26; Eph 2:8; 3:12, 17 al. Cp. AcPl Cor 2:8. πίστις διʼ ἀγάπης ἐνεργουμένη faith which works through (=expresses itself in) deeds of love Gal 5:6. διὰ θελήματος θεοῦ if God is willing Ro 15:32; by the will of God 1 Cor 1:1; 2 Cor 1:1; 8:5; Eph 1:1; Col 1:1; 2 Ti 1:1.
    ⓔ of occasion διὰ τῆς χάριτος by virtue of the grace Ro 12:3; Gal 1:15 (Just., D. 100, 2).—3:18; 4:23; Phlm 22. διὰ δόξης καὶ ἀρετῆς in consequence of his glory and excellence 2 Pt 1:3 v.l.
    ⓕ in wording of urgent requests διὰ τῶν οἰκτιρμῶν τοῦ θεοῦ by the mercy of God Ro 12:1; cp. 15:30; 1 Cor 1:10; 2 Cor 10:1.
    ④ marker of pers. agency, through, by
    ⓐ with focus on agency through ( the agency of), by (X., An. 2, 3, 17 διʼ ἑρμηνέως λέγειν; Menand., Fgm. 210, 1 οὐθεὶς διʼ ἀνθρώπου θεὸς σῴζει … ἑτέρου τόν ἕτερον; Achilles Tat. 7, 1, 3 διʼ ἐκείνου μαθεῖν; Just., D. 75, 4 διὰ παρθένου γεννηθῆναι; PMert 5, 8 γεομετρηθῆναι διʼ αὐτοῦ) ῥηθὲν διὰ τοῦ προφήτου Mt 1:22; 2:15, 23; 4:14 al. (cp. Just., A I, 47, 5 διὰ Ἠσαίου τοῦ πρ.). γεγραμμένα διὰ τῶν προφητῶν Lk 18:31; cp. Ac 2:22; 10:36; 15:12 al. διʼ ἀνθρώπου by human agency Gal 1:1. διὰ Μωϋσέως through Moses (Jos., Ant. 7, 338; Mel., P. 11, 77 διὰ χειρὸς Μωυσέως) J 1:17; under Moses’ leadership Hb 3:16. διʼ ἀγγέλων by means of divine messengers (TestJob 18:5 διὰ τοῦ ἀγγέλου; cp. Jos., Ant. 15, 136, but s. n. by RMarcus, Loeb ed., ad loc.) Gal 3:19; Hb 2:2. πέμψας διὰ τ. μαθητῶν εἶπεν sent and said through his disciples Mt 11:2f. Cp. the short ending of Mk. γράφειν διά τινος of the bearer IRo 10:1; IPhld 11:2; ISm 12:1, but also of pers. who had a greater or smaller part in drawing up some document (Dionys. of Cor. in Eus., HE 4, 23, 11) 1 Pt 5:12 (on the practice s. ERichards, The Secretary in the Letters of Paul ’91). In this case διά comes close to the mng. represented by (LWenger, D. Stellvertretung im Rechte d. Pap. 1906, 9ff; Dssm., LO 98 [LAE 123f]). So also κρίνει ὁ θεὸς διὰ Χρ. Ἰ. God judges, represented by Christ Jesus Ro 2:16. Christ as intermediary in the creation of the world J 1:3, 10; 1 Cor 8:6; Col 1:16.—εὐχαριστεῖν τ. θεῷ διὰ Ἰ. Χρ. thank God through Jesus Christ Ro 1:8; 7:25; Col 3:17.—Occasionally the mediation becomes actual presence (references for this usage in BKeil, Anonymus Argentinensis 1902, p. 192, 1; 306 note) διὰ πολλῶν μαρτύρων in the presence of many witnesses 2 Ti 2:2 (Simplicius in Epict. p. 114, 31 διὰ θεοῦ μέσου=in the presence of God as mediator; Philo, Leg. ad Gai. 187 τὸ διὰ μαρτύρων κλαίειν=weeping in the presence of witnesses).
    ⓑ with focus on the originator of an action (Hom. et al.; pap, LXX, EpArist)
    α. of human activity (PSI 354, 6 [254 B.C.] τὸν χόρτον τὸν συνηγμένον διʼ ἡμῶν=by us; 500, 5; 527, 12; 1 Esdr 6:13; 2 Macc 6:21; 4 Macc 1:11) 2 Cor 1:11 (where διὰ πολλῶν resumes ἐκ πολλῶν προσώπων). ᾧ παρέλαβε κανόνι διὰ τῶν μακαρίων προφήτων καὶ τοῦ ἁγίου εὐαγγελίου AcPlCor 2:36.
    β. of divine activity:—of God (Aeschyl., Ag. 1485; Pla., Symp. 186e ἡ ἰατρικὴ πᾶσα διὰ τ. θεοῦ τούτου [Asclepius] κυβερνᾶται; Ael. Aristid., Sarap. [Or. 8 Dind.=45 Keil] 14 K. πάντα γὰρ πανταχοῦ διὰ σοῦ τε καὶ διὰ σὲ ἡμῖν γίγνεται; Zosimus in CALG p. 143 and a magic ring in introd. 133; EpArist 313) 1 Cor 1:9 διʼ οὗ ἐκλήθητε (v.l. ὑπό s. καλέω 4); Ro 11:36 (s. Norden, Agn. Th. 240–50; 347f); Hb 2:10b (s. B 2a, below; cp. Ar. 1:5 διʼ αὐτοῦ … τὰ πάντα συνέστηκεν).—Of Christ Ro 1:5; 5:9, 17f, 21; 8:37; 2 Cor 1:20 al. (ASchettler, D. paulin. Formel ‘durch Christus’ 1907; GJonker, De paulin. formule ‘door Christus’: ThSt 27, 1909, 173–208).—Of the Holy Spirit Ac 11:28; 21:4; Ro 5:5.
    ⑤ At times διά w. gen. seems to have causal mng. (Rdm. 142; POxy 299, 2 [I A.D.] ἔδωκα αὐτῷ διὰ σοῦ=because of you; Achilles Tat. 3, 4, 5 διὰ τούτων=for this reason; in Eng. cp. Coleridge, Anc. Mariner 135–36: Every tongue thro’ utter drouth Was wither’d at the root, s. OED s.v. ‘through’ I B 8) διὰ τῆς σαρκός because of the resistance of the flesh Ro 8:3.—2 Cor 9:13.—On the use of διά w. gen. in Ro s. Schlaeger, La critique radicale de l’épître aux Rom.: Congr. d’ Hist. du Christ. II 111f.
    B. w. acc.
    ① marker of extension through an area, through (Hom. and other early Gk. only in poetry, e.g. Pind. P. 9, 123 διʼ ὅμιλον ‘through the throng’; Hellenistic prose since Dionys. Hal. [JKäser, D. Präpositionen b. Dionys. Hal., diss. Erlangen 1915, 54]; ISyriaW 1866b τὸν πάτρωνα διὰ πάντα of the governor of a whole province) διήρχετο διὰ μέσον Σαμαρείας καὶ Γαλιλαίας Lk 17:11 (cp. SibOr 3, 316 ῥομφαία διελεύσεται διὰ μέσον σεῖο).
    ② marker of someth. constituting cause
    ⓐ the reason why someth. happens, results, exists: because of, for the sake of (do something for the sake of a divinity: UPZ 62, 2 [161 B.C.] διὰ τὸν Σάραπιν; JosAs 1:10 διʼ αὐτήν; ApcSed 3:3 διὰ τὸν ἄνθρωπον; Tat. 8:2 διὰ τὸν … Ἄττιν; Ath. 30, 1 διὰ τὴν Δερκετώ) hated because of the name Mt 10:22; persecution arises because of teaching 13:21; because of unbelief vs. 58; because of a tradition 15:3; διὰ τὸν ἄνθρωπον (the sabbath was designed) for people Mk 2:27; because of Herodias Mk 6:17 (cp. Just. D. 34, 8 διὰ γυναῖκα); because of a crowd Lk 5:19; 8:19 al; because of Judeans Ac 16:3. διὰ τὸν θόρυβον 21:34; because of rain 28:2. Juristically to indicate guilt: imprisoned for insurrection and murder Lk 23:25. διʼ ὑμᾶς on your account=through your fault Ro 2:24 (Is 52:5). διὰ τὴν πάρεσιν because of the passing over 3:25 (but s. WKümmel, ZTK 49, ’52, 164). διὰ τὰ παραπτώματα on account of transgressions 4:25a (cp. Is 53:5; PsSol 13:5); but διὰ τὴν δικαίωσιν in the interest of justification vs. 25b; s. 8:10 for a sim. paired use of διὰ. διὰ τὴν χάριν on the basis of the grace 15:15. διʼ ἀσθένειαν τῆς σαρκός because of a physical ailment (cp. POxy 726, 10f [II A.D.] οὐ δυνάμενος διʼ ἀσθένειαν πλεῦσαι. Cp. ἀσθένεια 1) Gal 4:13. διὰ τὸ θέλημα σου by your will Rv 4:11. διὰ τὸν χρόνον according to the time = by this time Hb 5:12 (Aelian, VH 3, 37 δ. τὸν χρ.=because of the particular time-situation).—W. words denoting emotions out of (Diod S 5, 59, 8 διὰ τὴν λύπην; 18, 25, 1 διὰ τὴν προπέτειαν=out of rashness; Appian, Celt. 1 §9 διʼ ἐλπίδα; 2 Macc 5:21; 7:20; 9:8; 3 Macc 5:32, 41; Tob 8:7): διὰ φθόνον out of envy Mt 27:18; Phil 1:15. διὰ σπλάγχνα ἐλέους out of tender mercy Lk 1:78. διὰ τ. φόβον τινός out of fear of someone J 7:13. διὰ τὴν πολλὴν ἀγάπην out of the great love Eph 2:4. διὰ τ. πλεονεξίαν in their greediness B 10:4.—Of God as the ultimate goal or purpose of life, whereas διά w. gen. (s. A4bβ above) represents God as Creator, Hb 2:10a (s. Norden, op. cit.; PGM 13, 76 διὰ σὲ συνέστηκεν … ἡ γῆ). Cp. J 6:57 (s. Bultmann ad loc.) PtK 2.
    ⓑ in direct questions διὰ τί; why? (Hyperid. 3, 17; Dio Chrys. 20 [37], 28; Ael. Aristid. 31 p. 597 D.; oft. LXX; TestJob 37:8; TestLevi 2:9; GrBar, Tat; Mel., Fgm. 8b, 42) mostly in an interrogative clause Mt 9:11, 14; 13:10; 15:2f; 17:19; 21:25; Mk 2:18; 11:31; Lk 5:30; 19:23, 31; 20:5; 24:38; J 7:45; 8:43, 46; 12:5; 13:37; Ac 5:3; 1 Cor 6:7; Rv 17:7. Simply διὰ τί; (Hyperid. 3, 23) Ro 9:32; 2 Cor 11:11. Also διατί (always in t.r. and often by Tdf.; TestJob 46:2) B 8:4, 6; Hm 2:5; Hs 5, 5, 5. Kvan Leeuwen Boomkamp, Τι et Διατι dans les évangiles: RevÉtGr 39, 1926, 327–31.—In real and supposed answers and inferences διὰ τοῦτο therefore (X., An. 1, 7, 3; 7, 19; oft. LXX; JosAs 7:7; Ar. 12, 2; Just., A I, 44, 5 al.; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 2, 3 Jac.) Mt 6:25; 12:27, 31; 13:13, 52; 14:2; 18:23; 21:43; 23:13 v.l.; 24:44; Mk 11:24; 12:24; Lk 11:19 al. Also διὰ ταῦτα (Epict.) Eph 5:6. διὰ τοῦτο ὅτι for this reason, (namely) that J 5:16, 18; 8:47; 10:17; 12:18, 39; 15:19; 1J 3:1. διὰ τοῦτο ἵνα for this reason, (in order) that (Lucian, Abdic. 1) J 1:31; 2 Cor 13:10; 1 Ti 1:16; Phlm 15. Also διὰ τοῦτο ὅπως Hb 9:15.
    ⓒ διά foll. by inf. or acc. w. inf., representing a causal clause, because (Gen 39:9; Dt 1:36; 1 Macc 6:53; GrBar 8:4; Demetr.: 722 fgm 1:1 al.) διὰ τὸ μὴ ἔχειν βάθος because it had no depth Mt 13:5f; Mk 4:5f (διὰ τὸ μή w. inf.: X., Mem. 1, 3, 5; Hero Alex. I 348, 7; III 274, 19; Lucian, Hermot. 31); because lawlessness increases Mt 24:12; διὰ τὸ εἶναι αὐτὸν ἐξ οἴκου Δ.. Lk 2:4; because it was built well 6:48 al. διὰ τὸ λέγεσθαι ὑπό τινων because it was said by some Lk 9:7 (for the constr. cp. Herodian 7, 12, 7 διὰ τὸ τὰς ἐξόδους ὑπὸ τ. πυρὸς προκατειλῆφθαι=because the exit-routes were blocked by the fire).
    ⓓ instead of διά w. gen. to denote the efficient cause we may have διά, by
    α. w. acc. of thing (schol. on Pind., N. 4, 79a; 2 Macc 12:11; EpArist 77) διὰ τὸ αἷμα by the blood Rv 12:11. διὰ τὰ σημεῖα by the miracles 13:14.
    β. w. acc. of pers. and freq. as expr. of favorable divine action (Aristoph., Plut. 468; Dionys. Hal. 8, 33, 3, 1579 μέγας διὰ τ. θεούς ἐγενόμην; Ael. Aristid. 24, 1 K.=44 p. 824 D.: διʼ οὓς [= θεούς] ἐσώθην; SIG 1122; OGI 458, 40; PGM 13, 579 διῳκονομήθη τ. πάντα διὰ σέ; EpArist 292; Sir 15:11; 3 Macc 6:36: other exx. in SEitrem and AFridrichsen, E. christl. Amulett auf Pap. 1921, 24). ζῶ διὰ τὸν πατέρα J 6:57 (cp. PKöln VI, 245, 16 of Isis σὺ κυρεῖς τὰ πάντα, διὰ σὲ δʼ εἰσορῶ φαός ‘you are responsible for everything and thanks to you I can see light’). διὰ τὸν ὑποτάξαντα by the one who subjected it Ro 8:20.—DELG. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > διά

  • 5 энергия оледенения

    1) Makarov: activity index (вертикальный градиент баланса массы ледников, представляющий собой сумму градиентов годового прироста и убыли льда), energy of glacierization (вертикальный градиент баланса массы ледников, представляющий собой сумму градиентов годового прироста и убыли льда)

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > энергия оледенения

  • 6 خاتمة

    خَاتِمَة \ close: end: The meeting came to a close. conclusion: ending; finish. end: the last or farthest point; the finish: We reached the end of the road. We waited for him, but in the end we had to go without him. ending: the end of a word or story. finish: the end (of an activity): I watched the finish of the race.

    Arabic-English dictionary > خاتمة

  • 7 نهاية

    نِهَايَة \ close: end: The meeting came to a close. conclusion: ending, finish. end: the last or farthest point; the finish: We reached the end of the road. We waited for him, but in the end we had to go without him. ending: the end of a word or story. extreme: an extreme point: In the desert, one suffers extremes of heat and cold. The temperature goes from one extreme to the other. finish: the end (of an activity): I watched the finish of the race. last: the end; sth. that is last: we’ve just eaten the last of the cake. limit: a point that must not or cannot be passed: Keep to the speed limit. There’s a limit to what I can carry. \ See Also حد (حَدّ)‏ \ نِهَايَة \ terminal: the end of a wire in electrical equipment (in a battery, etc.) the point to which a wire must be fastened. \ See Also طَرَف السِّلْك الكهربائيّ \ النِّهَايَة الكُبرى \ maximum: the greatest possible amount: This bus will hold a maximum of 40 people. The maximum cost of any article is $20. \ See Also الحدّ الأقصى

    Arabic-English dictionary > نهاية

  • 8 close

    نِهَايَة \ close: end: The meeting came to a close. conclusion: ending, finish. end: the last or farthest point; the finish: We reached the end of the road. We waited for him, but in the end we had to go without him. ending: the end of a word or story. extreme: an extreme point: In the desert, one suffers extremes of heat and cold. The temperature goes from one extreme to the other. finish: the end (of an activity): I watched the finish of the race. last: the end; sth. that is last: we’ve just eaten the last of the cake. limit: a point that must not or cannot be passed: Keep to the speed limit. There’s a limit to what I can carry. \ See Also حد (حَدّ)‏

    Arabic-English glossary > close

  • 9 conclusion

    نِهَايَة \ close: end: The meeting came to a close. conclusion: ending, finish. end: the last or farthest point; the finish: We reached the end of the road. We waited for him, but in the end we had to go without him. ending: the end of a word or story. extreme: an extreme point: In the desert, one suffers extremes of heat and cold. The temperature goes from one extreme to the other. finish: the end (of an activity): I watched the finish of the race. last: the end; sth. that is last: we’ve just eaten the last of the cake. limit: a point that must not or cannot be passed: Keep to the speed limit. There’s a limit to what I can carry. \ See Also حد (حَدّ)‏

    Arabic-English glossary > conclusion

  • 10 end

    نِهَايَة \ close: end: The meeting came to a close. conclusion: ending, finish. end: the last or farthest point; the finish: We reached the end of the road. We waited for him, but in the end we had to go without him. ending: the end of a word or story. extreme: an extreme point: In the desert, one suffers extremes of heat and cold. The temperature goes from one extreme to the other. finish: the end (of an activity): I watched the finish of the race. last: the end; sth. that is last: we’ve just eaten the last of the cake. limit: a point that must not or cannot be passed: Keep to the speed limit. There’s a limit to what I can carry. \ See Also حد (حَدّ)‏

    Arabic-English glossary > end

  • 11 extreme

    نِهَايَة \ close: end: The meeting came to a close. conclusion: ending, finish. end: the last or farthest point; the finish: We reached the end of the road. We waited for him, but in the end we had to go without him. ending: the end of a word or story. extreme: an extreme point: In the desert, one suffers extremes of heat and cold. The temperature goes from one extreme to the other. finish: the end (of an activity): I watched the finish of the race. last: the end; sth. that is last: we’ve just eaten the last of the cake. limit: a point that must not or cannot be passed: Keep to the speed limit. There’s a limit to what I can carry. \ See Also حد (حَدّ)‏

    Arabic-English glossary > extreme

  • 12 finish

    نِهَايَة \ close: end: The meeting came to a close. conclusion: ending, finish. end: the last or farthest point; the finish: We reached the end of the road. We waited for him, but in the end we had to go without him. ending: the end of a word or story. extreme: an extreme point: In the desert, one suffers extremes of heat and cold. The temperature goes from one extreme to the other. finish: the end (of an activity): I watched the finish of the race. last: the end; sth. that is last: we’ve just eaten the last of the cake. limit: a point that must not or cannot be passed: Keep to the speed limit. There’s a limit to what I can carry. \ See Also حد (حَدّ)‏

    Arabic-English glossary > finish

  • 13 last

    نِهَايَة \ close: end: The meeting came to a close. conclusion: ending, finish. end: the last or farthest point; the finish: We reached the end of the road. We waited for him, but in the end we had to go without him. ending: the end of a word or story. extreme: an extreme point: In the desert, one suffers extremes of heat and cold. The temperature goes from one extreme to the other. finish: the end (of an activity): I watched the finish of the race. last: the end; sth. that is last: we’ve just eaten the last of the cake. limit: a point that must not or cannot be passed: Keep to the speed limit. There’s a limit to what I can carry. \ See Also حد (حَدّ)‏

    Arabic-English glossary > last

  • 14 limit

    نِهَايَة \ close: end: The meeting came to a close. conclusion: ending, finish. end: the last or farthest point; the finish: We reached the end of the road. We waited for him, but in the end we had to go without him. ending: the end of a word or story. extreme: an extreme point: In the desert, one suffers extremes of heat and cold. The temperature goes from one extreme to the other. finish: the end (of an activity): I watched the finish of the race. last: the end; sth. that is last: we’ve just eaten the last of the cake. limit: a point that must not or cannot be passed: Keep to the speed limit. There’s a limit to what I can carry. \ See Also حد (حَدّ)‏

    Arabic-English glossary > limit

  • 15 close

    خَاتِمَة \ close: end: The meeting came to a close. conclusion: ending; finish. end: the last or farthest point; the finish: We reached the end of the road. We waited for him, but in the end we had to go without him. ending: the end of a word or story. finish: the end (of an activity): I watched the finish of the race.

    Arabic-English glossary > close

  • 16 conclusion

    خَاتِمَة \ close: end: The meeting came to a close. conclusion: ending; finish. end: the last or farthest point; the finish: We reached the end of the road. We waited for him, but in the end we had to go without him. ending: the end of a word or story. finish: the end (of an activity): I watched the finish of the race.

    Arabic-English glossary > conclusion

  • 17 end

    خَاتِمَة \ close: end: The meeting came to a close. conclusion: ending; finish. end: the last or farthest point; the finish: We reached the end of the road. We waited for him, but in the end we had to go without him. ending: the end of a word or story. finish: the end (of an activity): I watched the finish of the race.

    Arabic-English glossary > end

  • 18 finish

    خَاتِمَة \ close: end: The meeting came to a close. conclusion: ending; finish. end: the last or farthest point; the finish: We reached the end of the road. We waited for him, but in the end we had to go without him. ending: the end of a word or story. finish: the end (of an activity): I watched the finish of the race.

    Arabic-English glossary > finish

  • 19 Л-3

    ЗАКРЫВАТЬ/ЗАКРЫТЬ (ПРИКРЫВАТЬ/ ПРИКРЫТЬ) ЛАВОЧКУ highly coll VP subj: human usu. infin with надо, пора, пришлось etc or imper
    (permanently or temporarily) to discontinue engaging in, or cause the discontinuance of, some activity, undertaking etc: пора закрывать лавочку - itfs time to close (shut) up shop
    itfs time to call it quits (in limited contexts) itfs time to put up the shutters it's time to put a stop to this (to sth.) (in refer, to ending sth. for the day) itfs time to call it a day.
    Капитан насобачился делать печати. И дело пошло. Зарабатывали много... Потом они попали в облаву... Еле выкрутились... Так дальше не пойдет, сказал Крикун. Эту лавочку надо прикрыть (Зиновьев 1). Captain found the knack of forging official stamps, and they were in business. They earned a great deal....But then they were picked up in a police raid....They only just got out of it...."We can't go on with this," said Bawler. "We'll have to shut up shop..." (1a).
    (Вася:) Ну, Таврило Петрович, закрывай лавочку! Как Александра Николавна уедет, тебе больше не торговать! Баста! Калачом в театр не заманишь. Так ты и ожидай! (Островский 11). (V.:) Well, Gavril Petrovich, you might as well put up the shutters! When Alexandra Nikolavna goes away, there won't be any more business for you. Basta! You won't get them to the theatre for love or money - that's what you 're soon going to find out! (11a).
    Есть сигнал: к ним (в стройотряд) там один бродяга похаживает... тихую агитацию разводит, насчёт всемирного братства и равенства рассусоливает. В общем, анархия вперемешку с поповщиной, прикрывать эту лавочку пора, только надо наверняка действовать» (Максимов 1). "We've heard on the grapevine that a tramp goes to see them (the construction brigade)....He keeps quietly propagandizing universal brotherhood and equality. All in all it's a mixture of anarchy and religious claptrap, and it's time to put a stop to their little racket, only we'll have to act firmly" (1a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > Л-3

  • 20 закрывать лавочку

    • ЗАКРЫВАТЬ/ЗАКРЫТЬ <ПРИКРЫВАТЬ/ПРИКРЫТЬ> ЛАВОЧКУ highly coll
    [VP; subj: human; usu. infin with надо, пора, пришлось etc or imper]
    =====
    ⇒ (permanently or temporarily) to discontinue engaging in, or cause the discontinuance of, some activity, undertaking etc:
    - пора закрывать лавочку≈ it's time to close (shut) up shop;
    - [in limited contexts] it's time to put up the shutters;
    - it's time to put a stop to this (to sth.);
    - [in refer, to ending sth. for the day] it's time to call it a day.
         ♦ Капитан насобачился делать печати. И дело пошло. Зарабатывали много... Потом они попали в облаву... Еле выкрутились... Так дальше не пойдёт, сказал Крикун. Эту лавочку надо прикрыть (Зиновьев 1). Captain found the knack of forging official stamps, and they were in business. They earned a great deal....But then they were picked up in a police raid....They only just got out of it...."We can't go on with this," said Bawler. "We'll have to shut up shop..." (1a).
         ♦ [Вася:] Ну, Таврило Петрович, закрывай лавочку! Как Александра Николавна уедет, тебе больше не торговать! Баста! Калачом в театр не заманишь. Так ты и ожидай! (Островский 11). [V.:] Well, Gavril Petrovich, you might as well put up the shutters! When Alexandra Nikolavna goes away, there won't be any more business for you. Basta! You won't get them to the theatre for love or money - that's what you 're soon going to find out! (11a).
         ♦ "Есть сигнал: к ним [в стройотряд] там один бродяга похаживает... тихую агитацию разводит, насчёт всемирного братства и равенства рассусоливает. В общем, анархия вперемешку с поповщиной, прикрывать эту лавочку пора, только надо наверняка действовать" (Максимов 1). "We've heard on the grapevine that a tramp goes to see them [the construction brigade].... He keeps quietly propagandizing universal brotherhood and equality. All in all it's a mixture of anarchy and religious claptrap, and it's time to put a stop to their little racket, only we'll have to act firmly" (1a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > закрывать лавочку

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