-
61 З-14
ВО ВСЕ НОСОВЫЕ ЗАВЁРТКИ (ВО ВСЮ НОСОВУЮ ЗАВЁРТКУ) храпеть obs, substand, humor PrepP these forms only adv fixed WO(to snore) very loudlysaw wood(snore) like a chain (buzz) saw.(author's usage) День, кажется, был заключён порцией холодной телятины, бутылкою кислых шей и крепким сном во всю насосную завёртку, как выражаются в иных местах обширного русского государства (Гоголь 3). ( context transl) The day was apparently concluded by a portion of cold veal, a pint of sour cabbage soup, and a sound sleep in which he snored away like a suction pump in full blast, as is the saying in some parts of our spacious Russian empire (3a). -
62 З-124
ЗЕМЛЯ ДЕРЖИТСЯ на таких..., на таких (людях), как... и т. п. coll VPsllbJ pres only fixed WOthe highest moral standards, behavior of exceptional virtue is exhibited (by the person or people in question and their like): (such people are) the salt of the earth№ X and his kind who) keep the world (the globe) turning.(author's usage)«Меня в деревне Иван Акимы чем кликали. Калачев фамилиё ( ungrammat = фамилия)...» Пожалуй, Влад и до этого знал: такими калачевыми земля держится... (Максимов 2). "Back home they call me Ivan Akimych. Kalachev's my last name...." Vlad already knew that it was Kalachev and his kind who keep the globe turning... (2a) -
63 З-133
СРЫВАТЬ/СОРВАТЬ ЗЛО (СЕРДЦЕ obs) на ком, less often на чём coll VP subj: human to let out one's anger by shouting at or hurting an innocent person (animal), or by striking, breaking etc some objectX сорвал зло на Y-e = X took it out on YX vented (took out, poured out) his fury (frustration, wrath etc) on YX vented his spleen on Y «На старичишке решила зло сорвать... Ты бы в городе кой-кому рёбра пересчитала бы...» (Искандер 4). "Had to take it out on a wretched old man....If you were going to break anyone's ribs, it should have been someone in the city" (4a)....Если бы мы срывали зло на истинных виновниках дерьма нашей судьбы, то перед кем же тогда, спрашивается, Коля, мы извинялись бы, замаливали грехи?.. (Алешковский 1). If we took out our anger on the guys who're really to blame for all the shit in our lives, who could we apologize to afterward, who could we ask to forgive us? (1a).author's usage) Встречала (Аксинья) где-нибудь Гришку и, бледнея, несла мимо красивое, стосковавшееся по нём тело... Чувствовал Гришка после встречи с ней сосущую тоску. Без причины злобствовал, рвал зло на Дуняшке, на матери... (Шолохов 2). If she (Aksinya) happened to meet Grigory somewhere, she would turn pale and carry her beautiful yearning body past him....After the encounter Grigory would feel the undertow of that yearning. He would lose his temper for no reason, vent his fury on Dunyashka and his mother... (2a). -
64 З-191
НАВЙЗНУТЬ В ЗУБАХ (у кого) highly coll VP subj: usu. abstr usu. past) to become unbearably boring, annoying to s.o. (because of its monotony, endless repetitions etc)X навяз у Y-a в зубах = X bored Y to death (to tears)Y was sick to death (sick and tired) of X Y had had enough of X Y was fed up (to the teeth) with X Y had had it up to here (with X) (of a topic of conversation, discussion etc) X had been talked to death (into the ground).(author's usage) Мне было скучно объяснять навязшие на зубах российские несчастья, но пришлось (Лимонов 1). It was boring for me to explain Russia's misfortunes, I was sick to death of them, but I had to (1a).«Сегодня уже все знают, что есть человек. Что с человеком делать - вот вопрос. Да и то, признаться, уже навяз в зубах» (Стругацкие 1). Today everybody knows what man is. The problem is what to do with him. And even that one's been talked to death" (1a). -
65 И-25
идти/пойти (игрАть/сыгрАть) вa-бАнк VP subj: human more often pfv fixed WOto act desperately, putting everything at risk ( usu. striving to achieve sth. significant)X пошёл ва-банк - X put everything on the lineX (went ahead and) risked everything (all) X went for broke X shot the works (in limited contexts) X went for the jackpot X risked everything (it all) on one throw (of the dice).Королёва предупредили, что прежний темп работы после выписки из больницы равносилен для него смертному приговору... Но длительный отдых в то время означал для Королева нечто вполне определённое: провал попытки обогнать американцев с выводом человека на орбиту... Королев пошёл ва-банк... До того он состязался со временем и с косной технологией теперь вступил в поединок с самой смертью (Владимиров 1). Korolyov was warned that for him to continue to work after his release from hospital at the same pace as before would be equivalent to a death sentence....But to take a long convalescence at that time would have meant only one thing for Korolyov: the failure of the attempt to overtake the Americans in the race to put a man into orbit.... Korolyov decided to go ahead and risk every thing.... Previously he had been competing with time and with inadequate technology, now he entered into a duel with death itself (1a).(author's usage) Прохор приглядывался, выжидал, думал. Встретился с Сударем. Убил с ним Копытова, завладел оружием. Проверил Сударя на мелочах. А завтра решил сыграть ва-банк (Семёнов 1). Prokhor examined his surroundings, bided his time and thought. Then he met Squire. Together they murdered Kopytov and gained possession of his revolver. He tested Squire in various minor enterprises. And now tomorrow he had resolved to go for the jackpot (1a). -
66 И-77
ИСКРЫ ИЗ ГЛАЗ ПОСЫПАЛИСЬ у кого coll VP subj.) s.o. experiences such sharp pain from a blow to the head or face that it seems to him that lights are flashing before his eyes: у X-a искры из глаз посыпались - X saw stars.(author's usage) «...Если он сейчас начнет про дятла, который умрет от сотрясения мозга, я так его трахну вот этой головешкой по голове, что он сам умрет от сотрясения мозга! А перед смертью у него столько искр посыплется из глаз, что они затмят звездное небо...» (Искандер 5). "If he starts in about the woodpecker who'll die of concussion, 111 conk him on the head with this brand so hard that he'll die of concussion himself! And before he dies hell see so many stars...that they'll eclipse the starry sky" (5a). -
67 К-47
БРОСАТЬ (КИДАТЬ) КАМЕШЕК (KA-МЕШКИ, КАМЕНЬ, КАМНИ) В чей ОГОРОД coll VP subj: human in conversation, to hint, usu. disapprov ingly or ironically, at sth. concerning another person (who may or may not be present) without directly referring to that personX бросает камешки в Y-ов огород — (translations vary depending on the speaker's attitude-sarcastic, ironic, joking etc-toward the person in question) X needles YX takes pokes at Y X makes digs at Y X takes shots at Y X makes snide remarks about Y. о КАМЕШЕК (КАМЕШКИ и т. п.) В чей ОГОРОД NP- dig (at s.o.)snide remark (about s.o.)это не в мой огород камешек? that wasn't aimed (directed) at me, was it?could that have been aimed (directed) at me? you агепЧ referring to me, are you?это в чей огород камешек? » at whom is that (could that be) aimed (directed)?to whom are you referring? (author's usage) (Лиза:) Я говорю: представьте, маменька, он не имеет никакой политики в разговоре и даже такие слова говорит, что совсем неучтиво. (Разлюляев:) Это не в наш ли огород? (Лиза:) Не об вас речь (Островский 2). (L.:) So I said: Fancy that, mama! No tact when he talks to you-why, he even uses impolite words. (R.:) That aimed at me? (L.:) Pooh! I'm not even thinking about you (2b). -
68 К-59
КАК ДВЕ КАПЛИ ВОДЫ похож(ий), походить на кого-что и т. п. ДВЕ КАПЛИ ВОДЫ both coll (как +) NP these forms only usu. modif or adv (1st var.), or subj-compl with бытье, subj: human (2nd van), fixed WO(resembling s.o. or sth.) very closely, (looking) completely alikelike (as (a)like as) two peas (in a pod)the spitting (the spit and) image of carbon copy of perfect facsimile of.«Когда ты в кабинете говорил, я смотрела на тебя, -заговорила Наташа, видимо стараясь отогнать набежавшее облако. - Ну, две капли воды ты на него похож, на мальчика». (Она так называла сына.) (Толстой 7). " While you were talking in the study I was looking at you," Natasha began, obviously trying to dispel the cloud that had come over them. "You are as like as two peas—you and the boy." (She meant their little son.) (7a)Хозяйка дома выбежала сама на крыльцо... (Она) походила, как две капли воды, на Платонова... (Гоголь 3). The mistress of the house herself ran out on the front steps. She..and Platonov were as like as two peas in a pod.. (3b).Да посмотрите на меня! - кричала Берта, похожая на своего отца, как две капли воды, - посмотрите на меня! Какая я узбечка? Какая я русская? Я - негритянка и хочу быть негритянкой!» (Аллилуева 2). "But look at me'" cried Bertha, who was the spit and image of her father. "Look at me. What kind of Uzbek or Russian am I? I am a Negro and I want to remain a Negro'" (2a).|author's usage) Для зачтения доклада в помощь Заибану рационализаторы изготовили Робота, как две капли похожего на Заибана (Зиновьев 1). То help in the delivery of this speech by Leadiban the inventive and creative scientists made a Robot, a perfect facsimile of Leadiban himself (1a) -
69 К-114
ТАСКАТЬ КАШТАНЫ ИЗ ОГНЯ для кого, кому lit VP subj: human to do sth. difficult, unpleasant, or dangerous while another enjoys the results of one's effortsX таскает каштаны из огня для Y-a - X pulls Y's chestnuts out of the fireX does Y's dirty work for Y.(author's usage) «...Кадровые офицеры - все негодяи, ей-богу! Вы ведь из казаков? Да? Вот вашими руками они и хотят каштанчики из огня таскать» (Шолохов4). "...The regular officers, they're all scoundrels, honestly they are! You're a Cossack, aren't you? Well, they want to use you to do their dirty work for them" (4a).Loan translation of the French tirer les marrons du feu (from the fable "Le Singe et le chat" by Jean de La Fontaine, 1621-95). -
70 К-115
ЗАВАРИВАТЬ/ЗАВАРИТЬ КАШУ coll VP subj: human or collect usu. pfv) to cause a situation that brings about troublesome or unpleasant consequencesX заварил кашу - X made (stirred up, cooked up) a (fine) messX made (stirred up) trouble....Делая исключение для отца и матери, Миша постепенно преисполнился презрением к взрослым, заварившим кашу, которой они не в силах расхлебать (Пастернак 1)....Making an exception only for his parents, he (Misha) gradually became contemptuous of all grownups who had made this mess and were unable to clear it up (1a).Нет, надо уходить Андрею... Или выходить и сдаваться: когда по своей воле, надежды на пощаду больше... Какую заварил кашу... какую кашу... к чему! (Распутин 2). No, Andrei had to leave....Or come out and turn himself in: when it's voluntary, there's more hope of clemency....What a mess he stirred up...whatamess...and what for! (2a).author's usage) «Казаки-то мутятся... Нашкодили, а зараз (Ukrainian = сейчас) побаиваются. Заварили мы кашку...» (Шолохов 3). The Cossacks are worried....They've done the damage, and now they're afraid. We've cooked up a fine mess for ourselves" (3b).From the saying «Сам кашу заварил, сам и расхлёбывай». See К-118. -
71 К-164
НА КОЗЕ HE ПОДЪЕДЕШЬ к кому highly coll VP neg pfv rut, gener. 2nd pers sing не подъедешь only fixed WOit is impossible to address s.o. (about sth.), catch s.o. 's attention, turn s.o. 's attention to o.s. (because of his sternness, intractability, self-importance etc): к X-y на козе не подъедешь = X is hard to approachtherefe no approaching X.(author's usage) (Матюшев:) А Добротин ещё больше силу теперь почувствовал. Нужно поговорить с ним о городских делах, так и не знаю, на какой козе к нему подъехать (Салынский 1). ( context transl) (М.:) Dobrotin feels even stronger these days. Ill have to have a word with him about urban development, but I don't know what approach to take (1a). -
72 К-196
ПОВЕРНУТЬ КОЛЕСО ИСТОРИИ ВСПЯТЬ (НАЗАД) lit VP subj: human usu. infin with пытаться, хотеть etc) to (attempt to) halt the natural course of historical development, return to the past: Х-ы пытались повернуть колесо истории вспять - Xs tried to turn back the clock (of history) Xs tried to turn back the hands of time.(author's usage) Да, говорили одни, процессы истории необратимы. Историю не повернёшь вспять, говорили другие (Зиновьев 1). "Yes," some of them said, "the tide of history cannot be turned back." "You can't turn back the clock of history," said others (1a). -
73 К-326
РАЗБИРАТЬ/РАЗОБРАТЬ ПО КОСТОЧКАМ кого-что coll VP subj: human1. to analyze the qualities of s.o. or sth. thoroughly, covering all the fine pointsX разобрал Y-a по косточкам — X scrutinized Y from every angleX put Y under a microscope (a magnifying glass) X examined thing Y in (great) detail X took thing Y apart.2. to criticize s.o. or sth. severely, gossip about s.o. unkindly. X разобрал Y-a по косточкам - X picked (tore) Y to pieces.(author's usage) (Курчаев:) У вас, говорят, дневник какой-то есть, где вы всех по косточке разобрали (Островский 9). (К.:) They say you keep a diary in which you pick everybody to pieces (9b). -
74 К-379
ВЫКИДЫВАТЬ (ВЫПИСЫВАТЬ, ВЫДЕЛЫВАТЬ) КРЕНДЕЛЯ ВЫПИСЫВАТЬ (ВЫДЕЛЫВАТЬ) КУРБЕТЫ obs ВЫВОДИТЬ ВЕНЗЕЛЯ all coll VP subj: human to dance joyfully, executing intricate patternsX выкидывал кренделя - X was cutting capersX was capering (about).{author's usage) Просто дрянь бал, не в русском духе, не в русской натуре... Иной даже, стоя в паре, переговаривается с другим об важном деле, а ногами в то же самое время, как козленок, вензеля направо и налево... (Гоголь 3). And that ball of theirs is nothing but so much rubbish it's not in the Russian spirit, it does not suit the Russian character....Some fellows, standing with their dance partners, might be exchanging remarks about some important matter and at the same time cutting capers with their legs, now to the right, now to the left, like young goats... (3c). -
75 К-387
НА КРИВОЙ (НА КОЗЕ, НА ВОРОНЫХ, НА САВРАСОЙ) HE ОБЪЕДЕШЬ кого highly coll VP neg pfv fut, gener. 2nd pers sing не объедешь only usu. this WO you cannot outwit, deceive s.o.: X-a на кривой не объедешь — you can't trick (bamboozle, outsmart, put anything over on) X you can't pull the wool over X's eyes you can't take X for a ride you have to get up pretty early in the morning to fool X.(author's usage) Видят головотяпы, что вор-новотор кругом на кривой их объехал, а на попятный уж не смеют (Салтыков-Щедрин 1). The Knockheads saw that Thief-Among-Thieves had bamboozled them, but they didn't dare back out (1a). -
76 К-404
КРОВЬ С МОЛОКОМ coll NP sing only usu. subj-compl with бытьд or modif fixed WO1. (subj: human (one is) very healthy-looking, with good facial colorthe (very) picture of healthbursting with health (have) the freshest of complexions (have) a country-fresh look (of a woman) (as) fresh as a daisy (as the morning dew) (of a man) hale and hearty....Это был мужчина веселый, краснощёкий, кровь с молоком (Салтыков-Щедрин 2)....He was a cheerful man, ruddy-faced and the picture of health (2a)....(Мне) 55 лет, не тот я уже, 27-летний, кровь с молоком, фронтовик, в первой камере спрошенный: с какого курорта? (Солженицын 2). I was fifty-five, and not the twenty-seven-year-old straight from the front and bursting with health, who had been asked in the first cell he saw, "What holiday resort have you just come from?" (2a).(author's usage) Хозяйка дома выбежала сама на крыльцо. Свежа она была, как кровь с молоком... (Гоголь 3). The lady of the house came running out on to the front steps herself. She was as fresh as a daisy... (3a).2. ( subj: лицо, щёки) ( s.o. 's face is, cheeks are) healthy-looking, rubicund: ( s.o. has) the freshest of complexions(in refer, to a woman) (like) peaches and cream (of a man) ruddy. -
77 К-433
РАСПРАВЛЯТЬ/РАСПРАВИТЬ КРЫЛЬЯ lit VP subj: human fixed WOto begin to manifest one's strengths, apply one's abilities in full measure, act independentlyX расправил крылья - X spread (tried) his wingsX soared on his own.(author's usage) Рыба на зиму забивается на ямы, белка уходит в дремучие ельники, где полно шишки, птица отлетает в тёплые края, а почему он (Михаил) не может дать тяги? Почему он не развернёт свои крылья? Разве ему не двадцать лет? (Абрамов 1). Fish retreat to hollows for the winter, squirrels go to the dense fir forests where they will find plenty of pinecones, birds fly away to warmer climes. So why couldn't he (Mikhail) cut loose? Why shouldn't he spread his wings? After all, he was twenty years old, wasn't he? (1a). -
78 К-493
ЛАКОМЫЙ КУСОК (КУСОЧЕК) o)// NP usu. sing usu. this WO s.o. or sth. tempting, alluring, attractivedainty (tempting, mouth-watering) morseltasty (little) morsel.(author's usage) (Варравин:) Этих случаев, сударь, веками дожидаются. Это всякому лакомый кус. Тут награды, кресты, чины (Сухово-Кобылин 3). (V:) My God, man, people wait ages for just such opportunities. That'd be a dainty morsel for anyone. Think of the rewards, the medals, the honors (3a).Ведь если, положим, этой девушке да придать тысчонок двести приданого, из нее бы мог выйти очень, очень лакомый кусочек (Гоголь 3). Why, supposing the girl has a nice little dowry of two hundred thousand! That would certainly make her a very tasty little morsel (3a). -
79 К-496
В КУСТЫ (уходить, прятаться и т. п.) coll PrepP Invar predic (with subj: human or advto (try to) avoid doing sth. (taking responsibility for sth., participating in sth. potentially dangerous etc) out of cowardice, fearX (уходит) в кусты = X chickens (backs) outX slinks away X runs for cover X tries to hide X looks for a way out(in limited contexts) X dodges sth. * (author's usage) (Гомыра:) По кустам он (Вася) никогда не прятался, друзей в беде не бросал (Вампилов 3). (G.:) He's (Vasia has) never chickened out of anything, never left a friend in the lurch (3a).Они за уважаемого (Иванько) только до тех пор, пока сила на его стороне. Чуть уважаемый качнулся, они - в кусты (Войнович 3). They were for their respected colleague (Ivanko) only as long as he had the power. As soon as he stumbled, they slunk away (3a).Шли молча против моховского дома Иван Алексеевич, не выдержавший тошного молчания... сказал: «Нечего греха таить: с фронта пришли большевиками, а зараз (regional = сейчас) в кусты лезем!» (Шолохов 3). They walked on without speaking. As they were passing Mokhov's house, Ivan could bear the hateful silence no longer and...said, "You can't get away from it. We were Bolsheviks when we came home from the front, and now we're running for cover!" (3a).«Значит, вы ничем не хотите помочь партии. Разговор доходит до дела - и в кусты, так, что ли? Дерьмо вы, дерьмо собачье!» (Гроссман 2). "So you don't want to help the Party? Just when we get to the point, you try and hide. It's like that, is it? You're shit, real dogshit!" (2a).Как я отвечу на такие вопросы? Неужто мой костюм дает мне право на ответ? Он не дает мне никаких особых прав, но лишь обязывает». - «Вот он и обязывает тебя не уходить в кусты от таких вопросов» (Аксёнов 6). "How can I answer such questions? Do you think my garb gives me the right to give you the answers? It gives me no special rights, it only places me under an obligation." "So it also places you under an obligation not to dodge questions like this" (6a). -
80 Л-4
ПОЧИВАТЬ (ПОКОИТЬСЯ ofo) /ПОЧИТЬ НА ЛАВРАХ lit VP subj: human usu. this WO to be satisfied with the accomplishments one has already achieved and not try to add to themX почивает на лаврах - X rests on his laurels.(author's usage) (Дудукин:) Пора вам пользоваться своей славой, своими успехами, пора успокоиться на лаврах (Островский 3). (D.:) It is high time to enjoy your fame, to rest on your laurels (3a).
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