-
81 har-
vb. "sit, stay", pl. present hárar in CO i hárar "those who sit, those who are sitting". Imperative hara in the phrase hara máriessë stay in happiness PE17:162. According to VT45:20, har- "sit" is derived from a stem KHAD which Tolkien abandoned in the Etymologies, but since CO is later than Etym, he may seem to have restored KHAD. If so, the past tense of har- would be *handë. -
82 holwë
noun "stink" or *"stench", *holwëa adj. "stinking". PE13:162 gives holwë "stink", derived from 3olwē; PM13:145 however gives the Q word as olwë and the adj. "stinking" as olwëa, though primitive forms with initial 3- the spirant gh are presupposed also there. Tolkien later used a system where primitive words in 3- yield Quenya forms in h-, as demonstrated by relevant entries in the Etymologies, so we prefer holwë to olwë which would also clash with the later personal name Olwë, unlikely to mean "stink", and we similarly read *holwëa rather than olwëa as the adj. "stinking". In Etym, the root ÑOL seems to represent a later experiment with similar words having to do with smell, and once again we observe shifting conceptions as to whether the Quenya words should show initial h- or not; in this conception the initial consonant in Primitive Elvish was ñ- rather than 3-. -
83 yondo
noun "son" YŌ/YON, VT43:37; cf. yonya and the patronymic ending -ion. Early "Qenya" has yô, yond-, yondo "son" LT2:342. According to LT2:344, these are poetic words, but yondo seems to be the normal word for "son" in LotR-style Quenya. Yón appears in VT44, 17, but Tolkien rewrote the text in question. In LT2:344, yondo is said to mean "male descendant, usually great grandson", but in Tolkien's later Quenya, yondo means "son", and the word is so glossed in LT2:342. Dative yondon in VT43:36 here the "son" in question is Jesus. See also yonya. At one point, Tolkien rejected the word yondo as very unsuitable for the intended meaning?, but no obvious replacement appeared in his writings PE17:43, unless the ephemeral? form anon q.v. is regarded as such. In one source, yondo is also defined as boy PE17:190. -
84 ArFanturion
noun *"Day of the Fanturi - Mandos and Lorien" LEP/LEPEN/LEPEK. Also Arë Fanturion VT45:27. -
85 ázë
see árë -
86 undulav-
vb., literally lick down = cover glossed swallow in PE17:72. Lumbulë undulávë ilyë tier "heavy shadow down-licked all paths", lyrical translation "all paths are drowned deep in shadow" Nam. The pl. past tense would be unduláver PE17:72. -
87 Ilu
noun "the world" FS, LR:47, 56, "universe" IL; ilu "everything, all, the whole" of the universe also including God and all souls and spirits, which are not properly included in the term Eä; see VT39:20, also referenced in VT49:36 -
88 essë
1 noun "name", also later name of Tengwa \#31, originally MET called árë ázë. Appendix E. With a pronominal ending esselya "thy name" VT43:14. Pl. \#essi in PM:339 and MR:470, gen.pl. \#esseron "of names" in the compound Nómesseron q.v.; we would rather have expected *ession, given the nom.pl. essi; perhaps \#esser is a valid alternative plural form. Essecarmë noun "name-making" MR:214, 470, Eldarin ceremony where the father announces the name of his child. Essecenta "k" noun *"Name-essay" see centa MR:415; Essecilmë noun "name-choosing", an Eldarin ceremony where a child named him- or herself according to personal lámatyávë q.v. MR:214, 471. The meaning Tolkien originally assigned to the word essë in the Etymologies was "place" rather than "name" VT45:12. 2 pron? he and also she, it?, possible emphatic 3rd sg. emphatic pronoun, attested in the sentence essë úpa nas he is dumb PE17:126 3 noun "beginning" ESE/ESET. This entry was marked by a query in Etym, and a word in the appendices to LotR suggests that it was emended to *YESE/YESET; we may therefore read *yessë for essë. See esta \#2. However, for the purposes of writing the form yestabeginning from PE17:120 may be preferred. -
89 te
pron. "they, them", 3rd person pl. VT49:51, LotR3:VI ch. 4, translated in Letters:308. The pronoun te represents an original stem-form VT49:50. Dative ten, téna or tien for them, to them q.v. Stressed té VT49:51. Ótë *"with them", q.v. VT43:20 connects te "them" with a discussion of Common Eldarin pronominal stems ca. 1940s, where te is the "personal" 3rd person pl. stem, referring to persons rather than abstracts or inanimates which are denoted by ta instead; see, however, the entry ta \#3 regarding the problems with this form, and the hints that te may possibly be used with reference to inanimates as well. Also consider the reflexive pronoun intë *"themselves", the final element of which is apparently this pronoun te; see also tú for the dual form. -
90 vand-
noun "way, path" LT1:264; a final vowel would seem to be required, but in Tolkien's later Quenya, the words tië or mallë are to be preferred -
91 -t
1 dual ending, on nouns denoting a pair of something: attat "2 fathers or neighbours" VT48:19; see atto, máryat "her pair of hands" Nam, siryat "two rivers" VT47:11, ciriat "2 ships" Letters:427 read ciryat as in the Plotz Letter?, maquat "group of ten" from maqua, meaning among other things "group of five" VT47:7, nápat "thumb and index as a pair" VT48:5, also compare met "us two" as the dual form of me "us" Nam, VT47:11. Other dual endings known from the Plotz letter: genitive -to, possessive -twa, dative -nt, locative -tsë, allative -nta, ablative -lto, instrumental -nten, plus -tes as a possible short locative. It may be that these endings only apply to nouns that would have nominative dual forms in -t, and that nouns preferring the alternative dual ending -u would simply add the otherwise "singular" case endings to this vowel, e.g. *Alduo rather than ?Alduto as the genitive form of "Two Trees" Aldu. The ending -t is also used as a verbal inflection, corresponding to pl. -r elen atta siluvaut/u, two stars shall shine, VT49:45; the verb carit do would also be used with a dual subject, VT49:16; cf. also the endings listed in VT49:48, 50. 2 "them", pronominal ending; seen in the word laituvalmet "we shall bless them" lait-uva-lme-t "bless-shall-we-them". According to PE17:110, this -t covers both sg. and dual. Also independent word te pl. and tú dual possibly *tu when unstressed. 3 reduced pronominal affix of the 2. person, "you" sg., the long form being -tyë both endings are listed in VT49:48. See heca regarding the example hecat WJ:364. However, in a later source, Tolkien denies that -tyë has any short form VT49:51, 57. The status of the ending -t is therefore doubtful. -
92 -ina
ending for what Tolkien called "general 'passive' participle" VT43:15; compare nótina counted, rácina broken, hastaina marred q.v.. The stem-vowel is usually lengthened when the ending is added to the stem of a primary verb as in the two first examples above, though the lengthening fails to occur or is not denoted in carina as the passive participle of car- make, do VT43:15. A shorter ending -na also occurs, e.g. nahtana slain VT49:24; the example hastaina marred would suggest that *nahtaina is equally possible. In the example aistana "blessed" VT43:30, -na may be preferred to -ina for euphonic reasons, to avoid creating a second diphthong ai where one already occurs in the previous syllable *aistaina. In PE17:68, the ending -ina is said to be aorist unmarked as regards time and aspect; the same source states that the shorter ending -na is no longer part of verbal conjugation, though it obviously survives in many words that are maybe now to be considered independent adjectives. See -na \#4. -
93 -twa
1 ending for dual possessive Plotz 2 an pronominal possessive ending mentioned in one chart of pronouns, apparently their referring to two persons VT49:16; this may be an ending used in colloquial Quenya rather than formal language it is listed together with the endings -ya his, her and -rya their, that are explicitly said to belong to colloquial Quenya VT49:16-17 -
94 talumë
adv. at this time meaning at the time we are thinking of of speaking of, not referring to the present which is silumë = at this time in the narrower sense. VT49:11 -
95 ArVeruen
noun *"Day of the Spouses" Aule and Yavanna LEP/LEPEN/LEPEK; this is "Qenya" with genitive in -n. Also Arë Veruen VT45:27. -
96 narmo
"ñ" noun "wolf" ÑGARAM; both the old form ñarmo = *ngarmo and the Third Age form narmo are given. Another word for wolf is ráca. -
97 lanta-mindon
Qenya pl. noun "fallen-towers"; inflected compound lanta-ránar "in falling-moon" with pre-classical locative -r MC:214; these forms are "Qenya" -
98 mëoi
noun "cat", a somewhat strange word by the standards of Tolkien's later Quenya there are no other instances of final -oi in the singular. Some would read *mëo, if the word is to be used in LotR-style Quenya. Vardo Mëoita "Prince of Cats"; mëoita here seems to be a kind of adjective rather than a genitive LT2:348. Tolkiens later, less problematic word yaulë may be preferred by writers PE16:132 -
99 quoro-
"q" vb. "choke, suffocate" LT1:264; verbal stems ending in -o are not known from Tolkien's later Quenya; read *quor-? See quorin. -
100 lucando
also \#lucindo noun "debtor, one who trespasses" VT43:20; the words are attested in the plural: lucandor, lucindor.
См. также в других словарях:
Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader? (U.S. game show) — Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader? Title card Format Game show Created by Barry Poznick John Steven … Wikipedia
Are You Afraid of the Dark? — Format Horror/fantasy Created by D. J. MacHale Directed by … Wikipedia
Are — (symbol a, IPAEng|ɛə(r) or ɑə(r)) is a unit of area, equal to 100 square metres (10 m × 10 m), used for measuring land area. It was defined by older forms of the metric system, but is now outside of the modern International System (SI). [cite… … Wikipedia
'Are'are language — Are are Spoken in southern Malaita, Solomon Islands Native speakers 17,800 (1999) Language family Austronesian Malayo Polynesian … Wikipedia
Are Ye Right There Michael — is a song by the 19th century and early 20th century Irish composer and musician Percy French, parodying the state of the West Clare Railway system in rural County Clare. Because of a slow train and the decision of the driver to stop for no… … Wikipedia
Are We Alone? — Logo Hosting Seth Shostak Molly Bentley Language English Length Approximately 50 minutes … Wikipedia
Åre Östersund Airport — IATA … Wikipedia
'Are'are — may refer to: Are are people Are are language This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended a … Wikipedia
Are You Lonesome Tonight? (song) — Are You Lonesome To night?, now often known as Are You Lonesome Tonight?, is a popular song with music by Lou Handman and lyrics by Roy Turk. It was first published in 1926, and most notably covered by Elvis in 1960.1920sA number of artists… … Wikipedia
Are You Normal? — Studio album by Ned s Atomic Dustbin Released … Wikipedia
Are You Lonesome Tonight? — may refer to:*Are You Lonesome Tonight? (song), a 1926 popular song by Lou Handman and Roy Turk recorded by a number of singers, best known by Elvis Presley *Are You Lonesome Tonight? (musical), a 1985 musical play by Alan Bleasdale about Presley … Wikipedia
