-
1 AGE
randa (cycle) (as in “the Third Age”; not the age of a person); AGES OF AGES yénion yéni –RAD, VT44:36 -
2 US
The exclusive pronoun (us = “I and some others, not you”) is me (suffixed to ála “do not” in álamë tulya, "do not lead us”, VT43:12, 22). This pronoun evidently connects with the ending -lmë, see WE. Inclusive "us" (i.e. "you and me") should apparently be *ve (for older we), connecting with the subject ending -lvë (older -lwë). If the pronouns me, *ve are stressed, the vowel may be lengthened (mé, vé, VT49:51). In another conceptual phase, Tolkien’s word for inclusive "we, us" may have been *ngwë (Third Age Quenya *nwë), VT48:11. The dual forms receive the ending -t, hence met, wet > *vet as the words for “us” referring to only two persons (exclusive met = “me and one other [not you]”; inclusive wet/*vet = “thee and me”). – Evidently me, *ve would be the same as subject and object, so that these forms could also be translated "we" as a short independent pronoun, and they can also receive case endings, e.g. attested forms like locative messë "on us", allative mello "from us", dative men "for us", allative véna “to us”. The forms atarmë, metermë "for us" also seem to include me, but these forms were evidently ephemeral ("for us", exclusive, is better rendered as men, itself an attested form). –Nam/RGEO:67, VT43:15, 19, VT44:18, VT49:14 -
3 LORE
nólë (long study, wisdom, knowledge), †ingolë (deep lore, magic [in WJ:382, the gloss is simply "lore", and the word is not stated to be poetic]), issë; SECRET LORE nolwë (wisdom). (These forms may obsolete nólemë in LT1:263. In some sources, nólë and nolwë are spelt with initial ñ, that is, ng. Initial ng had become n in Third Age Quenya, and I follow the system of LotR and transcribe it accordingly. Cf. also the spelling of the related word nólë in Silm:432. But if these words are written in Tengwar, the initial n should be transcribed with the letter noldo, not númen.) LOREMASTER ingolmo (In Lambengolmor "Loremasters of Tongues" the initial i of ingolmo [pl ingolmor] has disappeared; perhaps \#ngolmo is the form used in compounds when the first part of the compound ends in a vowel.) –ÑGOL, LT2:339, WJ:382, WJ:383/396 -
4 SILVER
telpë, telep- (tyelpë, tyelep- was the original form of the word in Noldorin Quenya, but "the form telpe became usual, through the influence of Telerin; for the Teleri prized silver above gold, and their skill as silversmiths was esteemed even by the Noldor" [UT:266]. However, in Letters:426 it is stated that "the form tyelpë remained in Quenya" and was not wholly displaced by telpë. LT1:268 has telpë = telempë.) Cf. also ilsa (a "mystic name" of silver), †silmë (also meaning light of Silpion, starlight). SILVER (prob. adj) tinda (glinting), OF SILVER telepsa, telpina, telemna. SILVER LIGHT istel, istil ("applied by the Ilkorins to starlight, probably a Q[uenya] form learned from Melian"). SILVER GLINT nillë (a star on Varda's simulacrum covering Valinor. Spelt ñillë, i.e., ngillë, in MR:388, but initial ng had become n in Third Age pronunciation, and I follow the system of LotR and transcribe it accordingly. But is this word is written in Tengwar, the letter noldo, not númen, should be used to transcribe the initial n.) –Silm:429, KYELEP, LT1:255, SIL, TIN, MR:388 -
5 GLITTER
(vb) mirilya-; GLITTERING rilya (in the Etymologies as printed in LR, this word also seemed to be glossed "brilliance", but according to VT46:11, this gloss properly refers to another word), GLITTERING LIGHT rilma; GLITTERING REFLECTION (from jewels, glass, polished metals, or water) nalta (radiance – alata in Silm:433 is the Telerin form. In PM:347, nalta is spelt with initial ñ, that is, ng. Initial ng had become n in Third Age Quenya, and I follow the system of LotR and transcribe it accordingly. But if this word is written in Tengwar, the initial n should be transcribed with the letter noldo, not númen.) –MBIRIL, RIL/VT46:11, PM:347 -
6 HARP
(vb) nanda-; HARP (noun) nandë; LITTLE HARP nandellë; HARPING (noun, not adjectival participle) nandelë; HARPER nandaro, HARP-PLAYER tyalangan. (In Etym, all but the last of these words are spelt with initial ñ, that is, ng. Initial ng had become n in Third Age Quenya, and I follow the system of LotR and transcribe it accordingly. But if these words are written in Tengwar, the initial n should be transcribed with the letter noldo, not númen.) HARP-PLAYING salmë. HARPING ON ONE TUNE vorongandelë ("vorogandele" in the published Etymologies is a misreading; see VT45:7) (continuous repetition) –NGAN, TYAL; cf. LotR:1157, LT1:265, LIN1 -
7 LEARNED
istima (wise, having knowledge), nóla (wise). (In Etym, the latter word is spelt with initial ñ, that is, ng. Initial ng had become n in Third Age Quenya, and I follow the system of LotR and transcribe it accordingly. Cf. also the spelling of the related word nólë in Silm:432. But if this word is written in Tengwar, the initial n should be transcribed with the letter noldo, not númen.) LEARNED MAN istyar (scholar) –IS, ÑGOL -
8 MAID, MAIDEN
wendë, vendë (the latter is the Exilic Quenya form), also short form wen with stem wend- as in pl. wendi (girl) (read v- for w- in Exilic Quenya). Tolkien also used the word wendë (variants vénë, véndë, read evidently vendë) to translate "virgin" in his Quenya version of a Catholic prayer, where the reference is to the Virgin Mary. According to VT47:17, this term can be used of a "maiden" of any age up to fully adult (until marriage). In compounds –wen, e.g. Nerwen "Man-maiden" (probably with stem *-wend-). MAIDENHOOD wendelë (Exilic Quenya *vendelë). –WEN, LT1:271/273/Silm:439, VT44:10, 18, VT47:17 -
9 RADIANCE
alcar, alcarë (brilliance, splendour), incalë (compare Ancalë or "Radiant One" as a name of the Sun, LR:392 s.v. KAL, though it is not clear whether or not Tolkien abandoned this word), fairë (Note: the word fairë has several other meanings – see DEATH, FREEDOM, PHANTOM), nalta (glittering reflection [from jewels, glass, polished metals, or water] – alata in Silm:433 is the Telerin form, and alta in VT42:32 would seem to be a variant. In PM:347, nalta is spelt with initial ñ, that is, ng. Initial ng had become n in Third Age Quenya, and we follow the system of LotR and transcribe it accordingly. But if this word is written in Tengwar, the initial n should be transcribed with the letter noldo, not númen.) RADIANT alcarinqua (glorious) –AKLA-R, VT45:36, PHAY, PM:347, WJ:369 (where alkar is translated "splendour") -
10 FINGOLFIN
Nolofinwë –PM:344 (In the source,, Nolofinwë is spelt with initial ñ, that is, ng. Initial ng had become n in Third Age Quenya, and I follow the spelling of LotR and transcribe it accordingly. But if this word is written in Tengwar, the initial n should be transcribed with the letter noldo, not númen.) -
11 HELL
Angamando ("Iron-prison", Morgoth's dungeon-fortress in the First Age. This is the form given in MR; Etym has Angamanda, LT1:249/252 has Angamandu/Angamandi or Eremandu "Hells of Iron". In LT1:259, Mandos is glossed "hell", but Mandos was simply the halls of the dead and not a place of torture. GL:51 also has fatanyu.) –MR:350, MBAD -
12 KNOW
ista (pa.t. sintë, also isintë; according to VT48:25 the pa.t. is "certainly irreg."), KNOW ABOUT hanya- (understand, be skilled in dealing with), KNOWLEDGE handë (understanding), ista, istya, issë (lore), nólë (long study, lore, wisdom). (In Etym this word is spelt with initial ñ, that is, ng. Initial ng had become n in Third Age Quenya, and I follow the system of LotR and transcribe it accordingly. Nólë is so spelt also in Silm:432. But if this word is written in Tengwar, the initial n should be transcribed with the letter noldo, not númen.) HAVING KNOWLEDGE istima (wise, learned) –IS, VT48:25, LT2:339; KHAN, ÑGOL, Silm:432 -
13 REFLECTION
(glittering) nalta (radiance – alata in Silm:433 is the Telerin form. In PM:347, nalta is spelt with initial ñ, that is, ng. Initial ng had become n in Third Age Quenya, and I follow the system of LotR and transcribe it accordingly. But if this word is written in Tengwar, the initial n should be transcribed with the letter noldo, not númen.) –PM:347 -
14 EVER
oi, voro, vor (continually) (pref. \#oio-, vor-, voro-), EVERWHITE, EVER-SNOW-WHITE Oiolossë (a name for Taniquetil; gen Oiolossëo is attested in Nam, where it has an ablatival meaning); EVERSUMMER Oiolairë, EVERLASTING oia; vorima; EVERLASTING [?AGE] (Tolkien's handwriting was illegible) oirë, oialë; FOR EVER, EVERLASTINGLY oialë (evidently the noun just mentioned used as an adverb), tennoio, oia (the latter is both adj. "everlasting" and the adv. *"everlastingly", according to VT46:8). –OY, UT:458, BOR, LT1:250/273, Nam/RGEO:67, Silm:429, UT:317 -
15 STUDY
(long) nólë (wisdom, lore, knowledge). (In Etym this word is spelt with initial ñ, that is, ng. Initial ng had become n in Third Age Quenya, and I follow the system of LotR and transcribe it accordingly. Nólë is so spelt also in Silm:432. But if this word is written in Tengwar, the initial n should be transcribed with the letter noldo, not númen.) –ÑGOL, Silm:432 -
16 WEREWOLF
nauro (In Etym, this word is spelt with initial ñ, that is, ng. Initial ng had become n in Third Age Quenya, and I follow the system of LotR and transcribe it accordingly. But if this word is written in Tengwar, the initial n should be transcribed with the letter noldo, not númen.) –NGAW -
17 WISDOM
nolwë (secret lore, obsoleting nólemë in LT1:263), nólë (long study, lore, knowledge) (In Etym these words, as well as nóla below, are spelt with initial ñ, that is, ng. Initial ng had become n in Third Age Quenya, and I follow the system of LotR and transcribe it accordingly. Nólë is so spelt also in Silm:432. But if these words are written in Tengwar, the initial n should be transcribed with the letter noldo, not númen.) WISE \#saila (isolated from alasaila "unwise"), nóla (learned), saira, istima (having knowledge, learned), iswa, isqua –NGOL, VT41:13, 18, Silm:432, IS, SAY/VT46:12, LT2:339 -
18 WOLF
ráca, narmo, WEREWOLF nauro; WOLFHOWL naulë (In Etym, narmo, nauro and naulë are spelt with initial ñ, that is, ng. Initial ng had become n in Third Age Quenya, and I follow the system of LotR and transcribe it accordingly. But if these words are written in Tengwar, the initial n should be transcribed with the letter noldo, not númen.) –DARÁK, NGAR(A)M, NGAW
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