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x+is+a+law+unto+himself

  • 1 ему закон не писан

    Американизмы. Русско-английский словарь. > ему закон не писан

  • 2 suyo

    adj.
    1 his, his own, her, her own.
    El carro suyo His car [de él o ella]. Used after nouns. Informal Mode (tú)
    2 your.
    El carro suyo Your car [de usted]. Used after nouns. Formal Mode (usted)
    3 of yours, yours, of your own.
    Algo suyo Something of yours. Used after pronouns, formal mode (usted).
    4 of his, of his own, of her own, of hers.
    Algo suyo Something of his=of hers. Used after pronouns, informal mode (tú)
    5 of theirs.
    * * *
    1 (de él) his, of his; (de ella) her, of hers; (de animales, cosas) its; (de usted, de ustedes) yours, of yours; (de ellos, de ellas) theirs, of theirs
    1 (de él) his; (de ella) hers; (de usted, de ustedes) yours; (de ellos, de ellas) theirs
    éstos son los míos, los suyos están sobre la mesa there are mine, hers are on the table
    1 (ocasión, oportunidad) one's chance, one's opportunity
    ésta es la suya, tiene que aprovecharla this is your big chance, so make the most of it
    1 (lo que toca) what one deserves
    2 (habilidad) forte, one's thing
    1 (familiares) his (her, your, etc) family sing; (amigos) his (her, your, etc) friends, his (her, your, etc) people
    \
    hacer de las suyas familiar to be up to one's tricks
    ir a la suya / ir a lo suyo to mind one's own business
    salirse con la suya familiar to get one's own way, get what one wants
    ser muy suyo,-a
    * * *
    1. = suya, adj.
    1) his, her, its, theirs
    2. = suya, pron.
    1) his, her, theirs
    * * *
    suyo, -a
    1. ADJ POSES
    1) (=de él) his; (=de ella) her; (=de ellos, ellas) their

    la culpa es suya — it's his/her etc fault

    - permiso -es suyo Chile, Méx "excuse me" - "yes?"

    no es amigo suyo — he is not a friend of his/hers etc

    no es culpa suya — it's not his/her etc fault, it's no fault of his/hers etc

    varios libros suyos(=de ellos) several books of theirs, several of their books

    hacer algo suyo, hizo suyas mis palabras — he echoed my words

    eso es muy suyo — that's just like him, that's typical of him

    él es un hombre muy suyo(=reservado) he's a man who keeps very much to himself; (=quisquilloso) he's a very fussy sort

    2) (=de usted, ustedes) your

    ¿es suyo esto? — is this yours?

    2.
    PRON POSES (=de él) his; (=de ella) hers; (=de usted, ustedes) yours; [de animal, cosa] its; (=de uno mismo) one's own; (=de ellos, ellas) theirs

    este libro es el suyo — this book is his/hers etc

    los suyos(=familia) one's family o relations; (=partidarios) one's own people o supporters

    suyo afectísimoyours faithfully o sincerely, yours truly (EEUU)

    de suyo — in itself, intrinsically

    lo suyo — (what is) his; (=su parte) his share, what he deserves

    aguantar lo suyo(=su parte) to do one's share; (=mucho) to put up with a lot

    él pesa lo suyo — he's really heavy, he's a fair weight

    * * *
    I
    - ya adjetivo ( de él) his; ( de ella) hers; (de usted, ustedes) yours; (de ellos, ellas) theirs

    ser muy suyo: eso es muy suyo that's typical of him/her; es muy suya — she's an odd sort (colloq)

    II
    - ya pronombre

    el suyo, la suya etc — ( de él) his; ( de ella) hers; (de usted, ustedes) yours; (de ellos, ellas) theirs

    hacer (una) de las suyas — (fam) to get up to one's usual o old tricks

    ir a lo suyoto look after number one

    lo suyo: tuvo que trabajar lo suyo he had to work very hard; pesa lo suyo it weighs a ton; salirse con la suya — to get one's own way

    * * *
    = yours, theirs.
    Ex. As something you may or may not know, every item going into the processing stream is assigned a priority, and our judgment will in many cases be different from yours, as our needs will be different from yours.
    Ex. The blame was not theirs that they were so lacking in gumption.
    ----
    * dejar que Alguien se salga con la suya = let + Nombre + do things + Posesivo + (own) way.
    * * *
    I
    - ya adjetivo ( de él) his; ( de ella) hers; (de usted, ustedes) yours; (de ellos, ellas) theirs

    ser muy suyo: eso es muy suyo that's typical of him/her; es muy suya — she's an odd sort (colloq)

    II
    - ya pronombre

    el suyo, la suya etc — ( de él) his; ( de ella) hers; (de usted, ustedes) yours; (de ellos, ellas) theirs

    hacer (una) de las suyas — (fam) to get up to one's usual o old tricks

    ir a lo suyoto look after number one

    lo suyo: tuvo que trabajar lo suyo he had to work very hard; pesa lo suyo it weighs a ton; salirse con la suya — to get one's own way

    * * *
    = yours, theirs.

    Ex: As something you may or may not know, every item going into the processing stream is assigned a priority, and our judgment will in many cases be different from yours, as our needs will be different from yours.

    Ex: The blame was not theirs that they were so lacking in gumption.
    * dejar que Alguien se salga con la suya = let + Nombre + do things + Posesivo + (own) way.

    * * *
    suyo1 -ya
    [ Grammar notes (Spanish) ] (de él) his; (de ella) hers; (de usted, ustedes) yours; (de ellos, ellas) theirs
    ¿esto es suyo, profesor? is this yours, sir?
    Marta y un amigo suyo Marta and a friend of hers
    suyo afectísimo ( frml) ( Corresp) truly yours ( AmE frml), yours truly ( BrE frml)
    haciendo suyas las palabras de Darío echoing the words of Darío
    ser muy suyo: no le cuenta nada a nadie, es muy suyo he doesn't tell anyone anything, he keeps himself very much to himself
    eso es muy suyo he's/she's like that, that's typical of him/her
    suyo2 -ya
    el suyo, la suya, etc (de él) his; (de ella) hers; (de usted, ustedes) yours; (de ellos, ellas) theirs
    él me prestó el suyo he lent me his
    hacer (una) de las suyas ( fam); to get up to one's usual o old tricks
    han vuelto a hacer (una) de las suyas they've been up to their old tricks again
    ir a lo suyo to think only of oneself, to look after number one
    lo suyo: tuvo que trabajar lo suyo he had to work very hard
    pesa lo suyo it weighs a ton
    aguanta lo suyo she puts up with an awful lot
    salirse con la suya to get one's own way
    * * *

    suyo
    ◊ -ya adjetivo ( de él) his;


    ( de ella) hers;
    (de usted, ustedes) yours;
    (de ellos, ellas) theirs;

    ■ pronombre el suyo, la suya, etc. ( de él) his;

    ( de ella) hers;
    (de usted, ustedes) yours;
    (de ellos, ellas) theirs;

    suyo,-a
    I adj (de él) his
    (de ella) hers: este libro no es suyo, this book is not hers
    (de usted, ustedes) yours: hablé con un hermano suyo, I spoke with a brother of yours
    (de ellos, ellas) theirs
    II pron (de él) his: éste no es el suyo, this is not his
    (de ella) hers: me dejó el suyo, she lent me hers
    (de usted, ustedes) yours
    (de ellos, ellas) theirs
    ♦ Locuciones: hacer de las suyas, to get up to one's old tricks
    salirse con la suya, to get one's own way
    ser muy suyo, (una actitud, reacción, un gesto) esto es muy suyo, this is typical of him o her
    Juan es muy suyo, Juan is very peculiar

    ' suyo' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    acomodar
    - alrededor
    - cada
    - confesarse
    - después
    - ir
    - modestamente
    - nebulosa
    - nebuloso
    - relevancia
    - suya
    - teatro
    - tema
    - afectísimo
    - insistir
    English:
    affair
    - hers
    - his
    - much
    - own
    - theirs
    - yours
    - friend
    - of
    - pretense
    - take
    - way
    * * *
    suyo1, -a
    adj posesivo
    [de él] his; [de ella] hers; [de uno] one's (own); [de ellos, ellas] theirs; [de usted, ustedes] yours;
    este libro es suyo this book is his/hers/ etc;
    un amigo suyo a friend of his/hers/ etc;
    no es asunto suyo it's none of his/her/ etc business;
    RP
    ¡permiso! – (es) suyo may I? – go ahead;
    Fam
    es muy suyo he's a law unto himself
    pron posesivo
    el suyo [de él] his;
    [de ella] hers; [de cosa, animal] its (own); [de uno] one's own; [de ellos, ellas] his/her/ etc lot o side; [de usted, ustedes] yours;
    de suyo in itself;
    hacer suyo to make one's own;
    Fam
    los suyos [su familia] his/her/ etc folks;
    [su bando] his/her/ etc lot o side;
    lo suyo: lo suyo es el teatro he/she/ etc should be on the stage;
    Fam
    lo suyo sería volver the proper thing to do would be to go back;
    Fam
    les costó lo suyo it wasn't easy for them;
    hacer de las suyas to be up to his/her/ etc usual tricks;
    una de las suyas one of his/her/ etc tricks;
    Fam
    ésta es la suya this is the chance he's been waiting for o his big chance
    * * *
    pron pos: de él his; de ella hers; de usted, ustedes yours; de ellos theirs;
    los suyos his/her etc folks, his/her etc
    family;
    hacer suyo algo make sth one’s own;
    hacer de las suyas get up to one’s old tricks;
    ir a lo suyo think only of oneself;
    salirse con la suya get one’s own way;
    ser muy suyo keep to o.s.;
    de esto sabe lo suyo he knows everything about this
    * * *
    suyo, -ya adj
    1) : his, her, its, theirs
    los libros suyos: his books
    un amigo suyo: a friend of hers
    esta casa es suya: this house is theirs
    2) (formal) : yours
    ¿este abrigo es suyo, señor?: is this your coat, sir?
    suyo, -ya pron
    1) : his, hers, theirs
    mi guitarra y la suya: my guitar and hers
    ellos trajeron las suyas: they brought theirs, they brought their own
    2) (formal) : yours
    usted olvidó la suya: you forgot yours
    * * *
    suyo1 adj
    1. (de él) of his
    2. (de ella) of hers
    3. (de ellos) of theirs
    4. (de usted) of yours
    estaba Ud. con una amiga suya you were with a friend of yours
    suyo2 pron
    1. (de él) his
    2. (de ella) hers
    3. (de ellos, ellas) theirs
    4. (de usted) yours
    ¿es suyo? is this yours?

    Spanish-English dictionary > suyo

  • 3 З-48

    ЗАКОН HE ПИСАН кому, для кого coll, often disapprov VP subj. this form only fixed WO
    s.o. disregards generally accepted norms, rules of conduct: для X-a закон не писан - the law is not written (made) for X
    X is a law unto himself the law doesn't (the rules don't) apply to X X doesn't play (live) by the rules
    X doesn't go by the book. "...(B вашей статье) проводится некоторый намёк на то, что существуют на свете будто бы некоторые такие лица, которые могут... то есть не то что могут, а полное право имеют совершать всякие бесчинства и преступления, и что для них будто бы и закон не писан» (Достоевский 3). "...(In your article) a certain hint is presented that there supposedly exist in the world certain persons who can...that is, who not only can but are fully entitled to commit all sorts of crimes and excesses and to whom the law supposedly does not apply" (3c).
    «Мсье Вольдемар (играет в фанты) с нами в первый раз, и сегодня для него закон не писан» (Тургенев 3). "M'sieu Woldemar is here (playing a game of forfeits with us) for the first time, and today the rules do not apply to him" (3a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > З-48

  • 4 закон не писан

    ЗАКОН НЕ ПИСАН кому, для кого coll, often disapprov
    [VPsubj; this form only; fixed WO]
    =====
    s.o. disregards generally accepted norms, rules of conduct:
    - для X-a закон не писан the law is not written (made) for X;
    - X doesn't go by the book.
         ♦ "...[В вашей статье] проводится некоторый намёк на то, что существуют на свете будто бы некоторые такие лица, которые могут... то есть не то что могут, а полное право имеют совершать всякие бесчинства и преступления, и что для них будто бы и закон не писан" (Достоевский 3). "...[In your article] a certain hint is presented that there supposedly exist in the world certain persons who can...that is, who not only can but are fully entitled to commit all sorts of crimes and excesses and to whom the law supposedly does not apply" (3c).
         ♦ "Мсье Вольдемар [играет в фанты] с нами в первый раз, и сегодня для него закон не писан" (Тургенев 3). "M'sieu Woldemar is here [playing a game of forfeits with us] for the first time, and today the rules do not apply to him" (3a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > закон не писан

  • 5 для него нет никаких законов, кроме своего собственного мнения

    General subject: he is a law unto himself

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > для него нет никаких законов, кроме своего собственного мнения

  • 6 ему никто не указ

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > ему никто не указ

  • 7 крутой

    Русско-английский словарь Смирнитского > крутой

  • 8 крутой

    I
    1) (о спуске, подъёме) steep

    круто́й бе́рег — steep bank

    круто́й вира́ж авиаsteep turn

    2) ( внезапный) sudden; ( резкий) abrupt

    сде́лать круто́й поворо́т — turn suddenly, spin round; ( на колёсах) wheel round

    крута́я переме́на — radical change

    круто́й перело́м — drastic change

    круто́й подъём (промышленности, эконо́мики) — sharp rise, rapid growth, sudden upswing

    3) ( строгий) stern

    у него́ круто́й нрав — he is a law unto himself

    круты́е ме́ры — drastic measures

    4) жарг. ( уверенный в себе) tough

    круто́й моло́дчик — tough guy; roughneck ['rʌf-] амер.

    ты что, хо́чешь каза́ться круты́м? — so you want to be a tough guy, huh?

    5) разг. ( впечатляющий) cool, mighty; socking great брит.
    ••

    круто́й поворо́т (изменение в позиции, политике)aboutturn брит.; aboutface амер.

    II

    круто́е яйцо́ — hard-boiled egg

    круто́е те́сто — stiff dough [dəʊ]

    круто́й кипято́к — ≈ boiling water, water on the boil

    Новый большой русско-английский словарь > крутой

  • 9 αὐτήκοος

    A one who has himself heard, ear-witness,

    αὐ. τινος γενέσθαι Th.1.133

    , Pl.Lg. 658c.
    II hearing oneself, i.e. a law unto oneself, Ph.2.2, al., Suid.; so, self-acquired, ἀρετή, ἐπιστήμη, Ph.1.371, 354.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > αὐτήκοος

  • 10 קדש

    קָדַש(b. h.) (to be cut off, separated, v. Ges. Hebr. Dict.12> s. v.; cmp. פָּרַש, to be, become pure, sacred, holy. Y.Sabb.III, 5d bot.; ib. IV, end, 7a ק׳ עליו היום the day became holy upon him, i. e. the Sabbath commenced while he was engaged in doing something. Meil.II, 8 (10a) קָרְשוּ בכלים (Talm. ed. קדשן) after they have become sacred by being put in a sacred vessel (v. infra); Shebu.11a (Ms. F. קירשן). Bekh.4b קדשו בכורותוכ׳ the firstborn in the desert were consecrated; a. fr. Pi. קִרֵּש, קִי׳ 1) to sanctify, esp. ק׳ שם שמים, or ק׳ את השם to sanctify the name of the Lord, to manifest fidelity to religion by noble deeds, by martyrdom Sot.10b; 36b יוסף שק׳ שםוכ׳ Joseph who sanctified the name … in secret (when he resisted temptation); יהודה שק׳וכ׳ Judah who sanctified … in public (when he admitted his guilt, Gen. 38:26); a. fr. 2) to sanctify, consecrate; to purify, keep pure. Ber.17a טהר וקַדֵּש עצמך מכלוכ׳ keep thyself clean and pure (aloof) from every guilt Yoma 39a (ref. to Lev. 11:44) אדם מְקַדֵּש … מְקַדְּשִׁין אותו הרבה if a man sanctifies himself a little (trains himself to self-restraint), they (the divine agencies) will help him much to sanctify him; מלמטה מקדשין אותו מלמעלה if he (sanctifies himself) below, they will sanctify him from above; בעולם הזה מקדשיןוכ׳ he in this world, they will declare him holy in the hereafter. Yeb.20a, a. e. קדש עצמך במותר לך sanctify thyself by self-restraint from what is permitted to thee. Ḥag.3b, a. e. קִדְּשָׁהּ לשעתה, v. קְדוּשָּׁה. Sebu. 15a כל הכלים … מְקַדַּשְׁתָּן is as regards all vessels that Moses made, the ointing of them gave them their sacred character; Snh.16b מקדשן (corr. acc.). Men.95b תנור מְקַדֵּש the oven (the baking of the showbread) gives it its sacred character. Ib. 100a כלי שרת מְקַרְּשִׁין the vessels of the service consecrate (the things put into them); a. v. fr.Part. pass. מְקוּדָּש; f. מְקוּדֶּשֶׁת; pl. מְקוּדָּשִׁים Sabb.55a (ref. to Ez. 9:6) א״ת מקדשי אלא מְקוּדָּשַׁיוכ׳ and not miḳdashi (my sanctuary) but mḳuddashai (my sanctified ones), that means those who fulfilled the whole Law ; Ab. Zar.4a. Zeb.115b (ref. to Ps. 68:36 מִמִּקְדָּשֶׁיךָ) read מִמְּקוּדָּשֶׁיךָוכ׳ ‘from thy sanctified ones, when the Lord passes judgment on his holy servants ; a. fr. 3) (with, or sub., ידיו ורגליו) to wash hands and feet prior to a sacred act. Yoma III, 6. Ib. IV, 5. Ib. 22a; a. fr. 4) to prepare the water of lustration (Num. 19). Par. VI, 1 המקדש ונפל הקִדּוּש על ידו if he prepares the lustration, and some of the consecrated water falls upon his hand. Ib. 2 נוטל נמקדש he may take (of the ashes) and prepare the water with them. Ib. 3 המקדש כשוקתוכ׳ he who puts ashes into a large vessel of water; a. fr. 5) (of seasons) to proclaim the sanctity of esp., a) (ק׳ החדש) to proclaim in court that the new month had begun (v. infra). R. Hash. II, 7 אם לא … אין מקדשין אותו שכבד קִדְּשוּשוּהוּ שמים unless the new moon is seen in its due time (on the evening of the twenty-ninth day), no announcement is made, for the heavens have already proclaimed it (and the new month begins with the thirty-first day). Ib. 24a בין כך … שנים אתה מקדשוכ׳ in neither case is the ceremony of announcement required, for we read (Lev. 25:10), ‘ye shall sanctify the fiftieth year, years thou must ‘sanctify Ex. R. s. 15 אני ואתם נְקַדֵּש את החדש I and you, let us (as a court) proclaim the month (of Nisan); a. fr.Part. pass. as ab. R. Hash. II, 7 ראשב״ד אומר מק׳וכ׳ the president of the court says, ‘(the new month is) proclaimed, and all the people say after him, ‘proclaimed, proclaimed. Ib. III, 1 נחקרו … ולא הספיקו לומר מק׳וכ׳ when the witnesses were examined, and the court had no time to say mḳuddash before night set in; a. e.b) ק׳ השבת, היום to pronounce the sanctity of the Sabbath, the Holy Day, to recite the Sabbath or the festive benediction (over wine), to say Ḳiddush. Pes.105a מי שלא ק׳ בע״ש מקדשוכ׳ he who fails to bless the Sabbath on the Sabbath eve, may do so during the entire day. Ib. 106b טעם אינו מקדש if a man tasted something without Ḳiddush, he must not bless the Sabbath; Ib. 107a טעם מקדש even if he has tasted something, he must bless the Sabbath. Ib. כגין זה ראוי לקַדֵּש עליו a beverage like this is fit for Ḳiddush; a. fr. 6) ק׳ אשה ( to consecrate a woman, a) to betroth (expl. Kidd.2b לישנא דרבנן דאסר לה … בהקדש the rabbinical term, in place of the Biblical קנה,because he makes her forbidden to others like a consecrated object, v. הֶקְרֵּש). Kidd.II, 1 האיש מקדש בווכ׳ a man may betroth a woman either in person or through a deputy. Ib. 41a אסור לאדם שיְקַדֵּש … עדוכ׳ a man is forbidden to betroth a woman to himself, before he has seen her. ib. II, 4 האומר … צא וקַיֵּש … והלך וקִרְּשָׁהּוכ׳ if a man said to his deputy, go and betroth to me that certain woman in that certain place, and he went and betrothed her in a different place, she is not betrothed (the betrothal is invalid); a. v. fr.Part. pass. מְקוּדֶּשֶׁת; pl. מְקוּדָּשוֹת. Ib. הרי זו מק׳ in such a case the betrothal is binding. Ib. 7; a. fr.b) (of the father of a minor נַעֲרָה) to accept a betrothal in behalf of ones daughter. Ib. 1 האיש מקדש את בתווכ׳ a man may accept his daughters betrothal, if she is a naʿărah, either in person or through a deputy. Ib. 41a אסור לאדם שיקדש את בתו יכ׳ a man is forbidden to betroth his daughter as a child, (but must wait,) until she is grown up and says, I like this man; a. fr.7) to cause a thing to be prohibited, esp. (by ref. to Deut. 22:9) by planting seeds in a vineyard, or vines among seeds; to cause condemnation. Kil. IV, 5 הזורע … ק׳ שורה אחת if a person sows within four cubits of a vineyard, he has caused the condemnation of one row of vines. Ib. V, 5 הרי זה מקדש ארבעיםוכ׳ he has made forty-five vines forbidden. Ib. VII, 2 גפן … ואינה מְקַרֶּשֶׁת to plant seeds near a dried-up vine is forbidden, but it (the vine) does not cause the condemnation of the seeds. Ib. אלו אוסרין ולא מְקַדְּשִׁין the following plants make the planting of seeds in their neighborhood forbidden, but do not cause condemnation of the seeds, if planted, or their own condemnation. Ib. 5 אין אדם מקדש דברוכ׳ no man can cause condemnation of a thing not his own. Ib. הרי זה ק׳וכ׳ he has caused the condemnation of his neighbors seeds and must pay damages; a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְקַדֵּש, Nithpa. נִתְקַדֵּש 1) to be sanctified, glorified as holy. Yeb.79a מוטב … ויִתְקַדֵּש שםוכ׳ let a letter of the Law be uprooted (disregarded), but let the name of God be sanctified in public. Tanḥ. Shmini 1 מִתְקַדֵּש אני שם במכבדי: there (at the dedication of the Tabernacle) I shall be sanctified by (the death of) those that honor me. Lev. R. s. 12; a. fr. 2) to be consecrated, dedicated; (of the New Moon) to be proclaimed. R. Hash. 21b יכול … עד שיִתְקַדְּשוּוכ׳ you may have thought, as well as the Sabbath is to be disregarded (by the witnesses travelling to the seat of the court), until they (the months) are proclaimed, it may also be disregarded (by the messengers carrying the announcement), until they are established. Ex. R. s. 15 היה הכהן … והבלי מִתְקַדֶּשֶׁת the priest received in it some sacred object, by which the vessel was consecrated; וכלי חול מִתְקַדֵּש and a profane vessel became sacred. Shebu.15a אין העזרה מִתְקַדֶּשֶׁתוכ׳ the Temple hall was not consecrated, until the priests ate therein the remnants of the meal-offering. Ib. 16a תחתונה נִתְקַדְּשָׁה בכל אלו the lower reservoir became consecrated through all these (ceremonies mentioned); a. fr. 3) (of mixed seeds) to be condemnable, condemned. Kil. VII, 7 מאימתי … מתקרשת from what time are seeds of grain (planted among vines) to be condemned? Ib. אין מִתְקַרְּשוֹת are not to be condemned; a. fr. 4) to be betrothed. Kidd.II, 1 האשה מתקדשת בהוכ׳ a woman may be betrothed in person or through her deputy, Ib. האומר הִתְקַדְּשִׁי ליוכ׳ … if a man says to a woman, be betrothed to me with this fig. Ib. 45b נִתְקַדְּשָׁה לדעת אביה וניסתוכ׳ if she (the minor) was betrothed with her fathers consent, but was married without it; a. fr. 5) to sanctify ones self. Sifra Vayikra, Ndab., ch. II, Par. 2 מי שהוא עתיד להִתְקַדֵּש he that is ready to sanctify himself (by vowing a sacrifice). Nif. נִקְדַּש 1) to be sanctified; to become consecrated. Tem.14a כאן לִיקָּדֵש כאן ליקרב in the one case it refers to being consecrated (by being put in a sacred vessel), in the other to being offered. Bekh.4b הוזהרו … ליקדש they were admonished concerning the firatborn, that they be consecrated; a. e. 2) to be betrothed. Kidd.48a if she says, עשה לי … ואֶקָּדֵשוכ׳ make for me chains, and I shall be betrothed unto thee. Hif. הִקְדִּיש 1) to cause sanctification. Zeb.115b לא מתו … להַקְדִּיש שמווכ׳ thy (Aarons) sons died only in order to give thee an opportunity to sanctify the name of the Lord. 2) to sanctify, dedicate an object as Temple property (Lev. 27:14–24). Arakh.VI, 2 המַקְדִּיש נכסיווכ׳ if a person dedicates his property to the Temple, but owes his (divorced) wife her kthubah (כְּתוּבָּה) Ib. VII, 1 אין מַקְדִּישִׁין לפני היובלוכ׳ you cannot dedicate landed property within less than two or three years before the jubilee. Ib. 3 הִקְדִּישָׁהּ וגאלה if he dedicated and then redeemed it. Ib. 5 אין אדם מַקְדִּיש דברוכ׳ nobody can dedicate a thing not belonging to him. B. Kam.VII, 2; a. v. fr. Hof. הוּקְדַּש to be dedicated, consecrated. Meil.II, 8 המנחות … משהוּקְדָּשוּ the law concerning misappropriation of sacred things applies to meal-offerings as soon as they have been dedicated. Ib. 1 משהוּקְדָּשָׁה as soon as it has been designated for a sin-offering; a. fr.Part. מוּקְדָּש; f. מוּקְדֶּשֶׁת; pl. מוּקְדָּשִׁים Ned.V, 6 (48a) אם … הרי הם מוק׳ לשמים if they are mine, be they dedicated to the Lord. Ib. כל מתנה … מקודשת אינה מתנה (read: מוקדשת) a gift which is not made so that if the recipient dedicates it to sacred use, it is dedicated, is no gift. Bekh.V, 1 כל פסולי המוק׳ all dedicated sacrifices which became unfit for the altar; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > קדש

  • 11 קָדַש

    קָדַש(b. h.) (to be cut off, separated, v. Ges. Hebr. Dict.12> s. v.; cmp. פָּרַש, to be, become pure, sacred, holy. Y.Sabb.III, 5d bot.; ib. IV, end, 7a ק׳ עליו היום the day became holy upon him, i. e. the Sabbath commenced while he was engaged in doing something. Meil.II, 8 (10a) קָרְשוּ בכלים (Talm. ed. קדשן) after they have become sacred by being put in a sacred vessel (v. infra); Shebu.11a (Ms. F. קירשן). Bekh.4b קדשו בכורותוכ׳ the firstborn in the desert were consecrated; a. fr. Pi. קִרֵּש, קִי׳ 1) to sanctify, esp. ק׳ שם שמים, or ק׳ את השם to sanctify the name of the Lord, to manifest fidelity to religion by noble deeds, by martyrdom Sot.10b; 36b יוסף שק׳ שםוכ׳ Joseph who sanctified the name … in secret (when he resisted temptation); יהודה שק׳וכ׳ Judah who sanctified … in public (when he admitted his guilt, Gen. 38:26); a. fr. 2) to sanctify, consecrate; to purify, keep pure. Ber.17a טהר וקַדֵּש עצמך מכלוכ׳ keep thyself clean and pure (aloof) from every guilt Yoma 39a (ref. to Lev. 11:44) אדם מְקַדֵּש … מְקַדְּשִׁין אותו הרבה if a man sanctifies himself a little (trains himself to self-restraint), they (the divine agencies) will help him much to sanctify him; מלמטה מקדשין אותו מלמעלה if he (sanctifies himself) below, they will sanctify him from above; בעולם הזה מקדשיןוכ׳ he in this world, they will declare him holy in the hereafter. Yeb.20a, a. e. קדש עצמך במותר לך sanctify thyself by self-restraint from what is permitted to thee. Ḥag.3b, a. e. קִדְּשָׁהּ לשעתה, v. קְדוּשָּׁה. Sebu. 15a כל הכלים … מְקַדַּשְׁתָּן is as regards all vessels that Moses made, the ointing of them gave them their sacred character; Snh.16b מקדשן (corr. acc.). Men.95b תנור מְקַדֵּש the oven (the baking of the showbread) gives it its sacred character. Ib. 100a כלי שרת מְקַרְּשִׁין the vessels of the service consecrate (the things put into them); a. v. fr.Part. pass. מְקוּדָּש; f. מְקוּדֶּשֶׁת; pl. מְקוּדָּשִׁים Sabb.55a (ref. to Ez. 9:6) א״ת מקדשי אלא מְקוּדָּשַׁיוכ׳ and not miḳdashi (my sanctuary) but mḳuddashai (my sanctified ones), that means those who fulfilled the whole Law ; Ab. Zar.4a. Zeb.115b (ref. to Ps. 68:36 מִמִּקְדָּשֶׁיךָ) read מִמְּקוּדָּשֶׁיךָוכ׳ ‘from thy sanctified ones, when the Lord passes judgment on his holy servants ; a. fr. 3) (with, or sub., ידיו ורגליו) to wash hands and feet prior to a sacred act. Yoma III, 6. Ib. IV, 5. Ib. 22a; a. fr. 4) to prepare the water of lustration (Num. 19). Par. VI, 1 המקדש ונפל הקִדּוּש על ידו if he prepares the lustration, and some of the consecrated water falls upon his hand. Ib. 2 נוטל נמקדש he may take (of the ashes) and prepare the water with them. Ib. 3 המקדש כשוקתוכ׳ he who puts ashes into a large vessel of water; a. fr. 5) (of seasons) to proclaim the sanctity of esp., a) (ק׳ החדש) to proclaim in court that the new month had begun (v. infra). R. Hash. II, 7 אם לא … אין מקדשין אותו שכבד קִדְּשוּשוּהוּ שמים unless the new moon is seen in its due time (on the evening of the twenty-ninth day), no announcement is made, for the heavens have already proclaimed it (and the new month begins with the thirty-first day). Ib. 24a בין כך … שנים אתה מקדשוכ׳ in neither case is the ceremony of announcement required, for we read (Lev. 25:10), ‘ye shall sanctify the fiftieth year, years thou must ‘sanctify Ex. R. s. 15 אני ואתם נְקַדֵּש את החדש I and you, let us (as a court) proclaim the month (of Nisan); a. fr.Part. pass. as ab. R. Hash. II, 7 ראשב״ד אומר מק׳וכ׳ the president of the court says, ‘(the new month is) proclaimed, and all the people say after him, ‘proclaimed, proclaimed. Ib. III, 1 נחקרו … ולא הספיקו לומר מק׳וכ׳ when the witnesses were examined, and the court had no time to say mḳuddash before night set in; a. e.b) ק׳ השבת, היום to pronounce the sanctity of the Sabbath, the Holy Day, to recite the Sabbath or the festive benediction (over wine), to say Ḳiddush. Pes.105a מי שלא ק׳ בע״ש מקדשוכ׳ he who fails to bless the Sabbath on the Sabbath eve, may do so during the entire day. Ib. 106b טעם אינו מקדש if a man tasted something without Ḳiddush, he must not bless the Sabbath; Ib. 107a טעם מקדש even if he has tasted something, he must bless the Sabbath. Ib. כגין זה ראוי לקַדֵּש עליו a beverage like this is fit for Ḳiddush; a. fr. 6) ק׳ אשה ( to consecrate a woman, a) to betroth (expl. Kidd.2b לישנא דרבנן דאסר לה … בהקדש the rabbinical term, in place of the Biblical קנה,because he makes her forbidden to others like a consecrated object, v. הֶקְרֵּש). Kidd.II, 1 האיש מקדש בווכ׳ a man may betroth a woman either in person or through a deputy. Ib. 41a אסור לאדם שיְקַדֵּש … עדוכ׳ a man is forbidden to betroth a woman to himself, before he has seen her. ib. II, 4 האומר … צא וקַיֵּש … והלך וקִרְּשָׁהּוכ׳ if a man said to his deputy, go and betroth to me that certain woman in that certain place, and he went and betrothed her in a different place, she is not betrothed (the betrothal is invalid); a. v. fr.Part. pass. מְקוּדֶּשֶׁת; pl. מְקוּדָּשוֹת. Ib. הרי זו מק׳ in such a case the betrothal is binding. Ib. 7; a. fr.b) (of the father of a minor נַעֲרָה) to accept a betrothal in behalf of ones daughter. Ib. 1 האיש מקדש את בתווכ׳ a man may accept his daughters betrothal, if she is a naʿărah, either in person or through a deputy. Ib. 41a אסור לאדם שיקדש את בתו יכ׳ a man is forbidden to betroth his daughter as a child, (but must wait,) until she is grown up and says, I like this man; a. fr.7) to cause a thing to be prohibited, esp. (by ref. to Deut. 22:9) by planting seeds in a vineyard, or vines among seeds; to cause condemnation. Kil. IV, 5 הזורע … ק׳ שורה אחת if a person sows within four cubits of a vineyard, he has caused the condemnation of one row of vines. Ib. V, 5 הרי זה מקדש ארבעיםוכ׳ he has made forty-five vines forbidden. Ib. VII, 2 גפן … ואינה מְקַרֶּשֶׁת to plant seeds near a dried-up vine is forbidden, but it (the vine) does not cause the condemnation of the seeds. Ib. אלו אוסרין ולא מְקַדְּשִׁין the following plants make the planting of seeds in their neighborhood forbidden, but do not cause condemnation of the seeds, if planted, or their own condemnation. Ib. 5 אין אדם מקדש דברוכ׳ no man can cause condemnation of a thing not his own. Ib. הרי זה ק׳וכ׳ he has caused the condemnation of his neighbors seeds and must pay damages; a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְקַדֵּש, Nithpa. נִתְקַדֵּש 1) to be sanctified, glorified as holy. Yeb.79a מוטב … ויִתְקַדֵּש שםוכ׳ let a letter of the Law be uprooted (disregarded), but let the name of God be sanctified in public. Tanḥ. Shmini 1 מִתְקַדֵּש אני שם במכבדי: there (at the dedication of the Tabernacle) I shall be sanctified by (the death of) those that honor me. Lev. R. s. 12; a. fr. 2) to be consecrated, dedicated; (of the New Moon) to be proclaimed. R. Hash. 21b יכול … עד שיִתְקַדְּשוּוכ׳ you may have thought, as well as the Sabbath is to be disregarded (by the witnesses travelling to the seat of the court), until they (the months) are proclaimed, it may also be disregarded (by the messengers carrying the announcement), until they are established. Ex. R. s. 15 היה הכהן … והבלי מִתְקַדֶּשֶׁת the priest received in it some sacred object, by which the vessel was consecrated; וכלי חול מִתְקַדֵּש and a profane vessel became sacred. Shebu.15a אין העזרה מִתְקַדֶּשֶׁתוכ׳ the Temple hall was not consecrated, until the priests ate therein the remnants of the meal-offering. Ib. 16a תחתונה נִתְקַדְּשָׁה בכל אלו the lower reservoir became consecrated through all these (ceremonies mentioned); a. fr. 3) (of mixed seeds) to be condemnable, condemned. Kil. VII, 7 מאימתי … מתקרשת from what time are seeds of grain (planted among vines) to be condemned? Ib. אין מִתְקַרְּשוֹת are not to be condemned; a. fr. 4) to be betrothed. Kidd.II, 1 האשה מתקדשת בהוכ׳ a woman may be betrothed in person or through her deputy, Ib. האומר הִתְקַדְּשִׁי ליוכ׳ … if a man says to a woman, be betrothed to me with this fig. Ib. 45b נִתְקַדְּשָׁה לדעת אביה וניסתוכ׳ if she (the minor) was betrothed with her fathers consent, but was married without it; a. fr. 5) to sanctify ones self. Sifra Vayikra, Ndab., ch. II, Par. 2 מי שהוא עתיד להִתְקַדֵּש he that is ready to sanctify himself (by vowing a sacrifice). Nif. נִקְדַּש 1) to be sanctified; to become consecrated. Tem.14a כאן לִיקָּדֵש כאן ליקרב in the one case it refers to being consecrated (by being put in a sacred vessel), in the other to being offered. Bekh.4b הוזהרו … ליקדש they were admonished concerning the firatborn, that they be consecrated; a. e. 2) to be betrothed. Kidd.48a if she says, עשה לי … ואֶקָּדֵשוכ׳ make for me chains, and I shall be betrothed unto thee. Hif. הִקְדִּיש 1) to cause sanctification. Zeb.115b לא מתו … להַקְדִּיש שמווכ׳ thy (Aarons) sons died only in order to give thee an opportunity to sanctify the name of the Lord. 2) to sanctify, dedicate an object as Temple property (Lev. 27:14–24). Arakh.VI, 2 המַקְדִּיש נכסיווכ׳ if a person dedicates his property to the Temple, but owes his (divorced) wife her kthubah (כְּתוּבָּה) Ib. VII, 1 אין מַקְדִּישִׁין לפני היובלוכ׳ you cannot dedicate landed property within less than two or three years before the jubilee. Ib. 3 הִקְדִּישָׁהּ וגאלה if he dedicated and then redeemed it. Ib. 5 אין אדם מַקְדִּיש דברוכ׳ nobody can dedicate a thing not belonging to him. B. Kam.VII, 2; a. v. fr. Hof. הוּקְדַּש to be dedicated, consecrated. Meil.II, 8 המנחות … משהוּקְדָּשוּ the law concerning misappropriation of sacred things applies to meal-offerings as soon as they have been dedicated. Ib. 1 משהוּקְדָּשָׁה as soon as it has been designated for a sin-offering; a. fr.Part. מוּקְדָּש; f. מוּקְדֶּשֶׁת; pl. מוּקְדָּשִׁים Ned.V, 6 (48a) אם … הרי הם מוק׳ לשמים if they are mine, be they dedicated to the Lord. Ib. כל מתנה … מקודשת אינה מתנה (read: מוקדשת) a gift which is not made so that if the recipient dedicates it to sacred use, it is dedicated, is no gift. Bekh.V, 1 כל פסולי המוק׳ all dedicated sacrifices which became unfit for the altar; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > קָדַש

  • 12 תקן

    תָּקַן(b. h.; v. קָנַן a. קוּן) to make straight, firm, right. Pi. תִּקֵּן, same, 1) to straighten, mend, repair, set in order, prepare. Sifré Deut. 308 אחד … לתַקְּנוֹ one that had a crooked staff, and gave it to a mechanic to straighten it; מְתַקְּנוֹ באור he tries to straighten it by heat; Yalk. ib. 942. Shek. I, 1 מְתַקְּנִין את הדרכיםוכ׳ they put in repair the roads and the open places (stations) Pesik. R. s. 28 מְתַקְּנִים את המועדות they arrange (fix the dates of) the festivals; R. Hash. I, 4. Bets.34a אין מתקנין את השפודוכ׳ you must not prepare (chip) a spit or sharpen it (on the Holy Day). Ib. מתקנין את הקונדסוכ׳ you may dress artichokes Gitt. IV, 5 תִּקַּנְתֶּם את רבווכ׳ you have made it right for his master but not for himself; a. fr.Trnsf. to make things legally fit for use by giving the priestly dues. Bets.34b עבר ותִקְּנוֹ מְתוּקָּן if he transgressed (the law forbidding the separation of priestly gifts on the Holy Day) and prepared it for use, it is prepared (the act is valid). Y.Dem.II, 23c bot. כל אחד ואחד מְתַקֵּן דמאי every one of them gives the priestly dues of his purchase as dmai (v. דְּמַאי). Tosef. ib. IV, 5 ודאי שתִּיקְּנָהּ דמאי if one gives the dues of what is sure to be untithed, as if it were dmai; a. fr. 2) to establish, institute, introduce a legal measure, ordain. Sabb.33b תִּקְּנוּ שווקיםוכ׳, v. שוּק III. Ib. bot. (ref. to Gen. 33:18) מטבע תי׳ להם he introduced coinage for them. Meg.4a, a. e. משה ת׳ להם … שיהווכ׳ Moses introduced the custom … of discussing and studying the subject of the day Sabb.14b שמעון … ת׳ כתובהוכ׳ Simon ben Sheṭaḥ introduced the marriage contract (jointure) for the wife. Succ.V, 2, v. תִּיקּוּן; a. v. fr.Part. pass. מְתוּקָּן; f. מְתוּקֶּנֶת; pl. מְתוּקָּנִים, מְתוּקָּנִין; מְתוּקָּנוֹת a) properly prepared, proper, good, right. Bets.34b, v. supra. Erub.32a, a. e. חזקה … דבר שאינו מת׳ the presumption is in favor of the Ḥaber (חָבֵר) that he will not let go out of his hands a thing not ritually prepared (tithed). Tosef.Dem.IV, 8 הטבל והמת׳ שנתערבו if untithed and tithed things have been mixed up. Ib. VII, 13 מעשרותיו מת׳ ופירותיו מקולקלין the tithes he separated are right, but his fruits are wrong (considered untithed). Ib. VI, 14 מת׳ scrupulous guardsmen. Snh.39b כמת׳ שבהםוכ׳, v. קִלְקֵל; a. fr.b) prepared, predestined, designated. Pesik. R. s. 27–28 לצרה הזו הייתי מת׳ am I predestined for such trouble? Ib. עד … היית מת׳ לדבר (not הייתי) before yet the world was created, thou wast designated for this thing (the prophetic mission). Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 13 שהוא מת׳ מבראשיתוכ׳ that he (Bezalel) was from the time of creation designated to make the Tabernacle; a. fr. Hif. הִתְקִין 1) to prepare, fit. Ab. II, 12 הַתְקֵן עצמך ללמודוכ׳ fit thyself to study the Law, for it does not come to thee by inheritance. Ib. IV, 16, v. פְּרוֹזְדוֹר; a. e. 2) to ordain, establish a custom, innovate. Succ.51b הִתְקִינוּ שיהווכ׳ they ordained that the women should sit uptairs, and the men below. Shebi. X, 3, v. פְּרוֹזְבּוֹל. Y.R. Hash. IV, 59b bot. מַתְקִין על דבר תורה introduced a measure extending a Biblical law; מתקין על דבריהן extending a Rabbinical ordinance. Ber.IX, 5 התקינו שיהווכ׳ they ordained that they should say, ‘from everlasting and unto everlasting; a. fr. Nif. נִתְקַן to be straightened, mended, improved. Koh. R. to 1, 15 יכול להִתָּקֵן (or להִתַּקֵּן Hithpa.), v. עָיַת. Ber.40a בדבר … בו נִתְקְנוּ (or נִתַּקְּנוּ Nithpa.) they were mended (restored) by the same thing by which they were impaired (sinned); Snh.70b; a. e.

    Jewish literature > תקן

  • 13 תָּקַן

    תָּקַן(b. h.; v. קָנַן a. קוּן) to make straight, firm, right. Pi. תִּקֵּן, same, 1) to straighten, mend, repair, set in order, prepare. Sifré Deut. 308 אחד … לתַקְּנוֹ one that had a crooked staff, and gave it to a mechanic to straighten it; מְתַקְּנוֹ באור he tries to straighten it by heat; Yalk. ib. 942. Shek. I, 1 מְתַקְּנִין את הדרכיםוכ׳ they put in repair the roads and the open places (stations) Pesik. R. s. 28 מְתַקְּנִים את המועדות they arrange (fix the dates of) the festivals; R. Hash. I, 4. Bets.34a אין מתקנין את השפודוכ׳ you must not prepare (chip) a spit or sharpen it (on the Holy Day). Ib. מתקנין את הקונדסוכ׳ you may dress artichokes Gitt. IV, 5 תִּקַּנְתֶּם את רבווכ׳ you have made it right for his master but not for himself; a. fr.Trnsf. to make things legally fit for use by giving the priestly dues. Bets.34b עבר ותִקְּנוֹ מְתוּקָּן if he transgressed (the law forbidding the separation of priestly gifts on the Holy Day) and prepared it for use, it is prepared (the act is valid). Y.Dem.II, 23c bot. כל אחד ואחד מְתַקֵּן דמאי every one of them gives the priestly dues of his purchase as dmai (v. דְּמַאי). Tosef. ib. IV, 5 ודאי שתִּיקְּנָהּ דמאי if one gives the dues of what is sure to be untithed, as if it were dmai; a. fr. 2) to establish, institute, introduce a legal measure, ordain. Sabb.33b תִּקְּנוּ שווקיםוכ׳, v. שוּק III. Ib. bot. (ref. to Gen. 33:18) מטבע תי׳ להם he introduced coinage for them. Meg.4a, a. e. משה ת׳ להם … שיהווכ׳ Moses introduced the custom … of discussing and studying the subject of the day Sabb.14b שמעון … ת׳ כתובהוכ׳ Simon ben Sheṭaḥ introduced the marriage contract (jointure) for the wife. Succ.V, 2, v. תִּיקּוּן; a. v. fr.Part. pass. מְתוּקָּן; f. מְתוּקֶּנֶת; pl. מְתוּקָּנִים, מְתוּקָּנִין; מְתוּקָּנוֹת a) properly prepared, proper, good, right. Bets.34b, v. supra. Erub.32a, a. e. חזקה … דבר שאינו מת׳ the presumption is in favor of the Ḥaber (חָבֵר) that he will not let go out of his hands a thing not ritually prepared (tithed). Tosef.Dem.IV, 8 הטבל והמת׳ שנתערבו if untithed and tithed things have been mixed up. Ib. VII, 13 מעשרותיו מת׳ ופירותיו מקולקלין the tithes he separated are right, but his fruits are wrong (considered untithed). Ib. VI, 14 מת׳ scrupulous guardsmen. Snh.39b כמת׳ שבהםוכ׳, v. קִלְקֵל; a. fr.b) prepared, predestined, designated. Pesik. R. s. 27–28 לצרה הזו הייתי מת׳ am I predestined for such trouble? Ib. עד … היית מת׳ לדבר (not הייתי) before yet the world was created, thou wast designated for this thing (the prophetic mission). Tanḥ. Ki Thissa 13 שהוא מת׳ מבראשיתוכ׳ that he (Bezalel) was from the time of creation designated to make the Tabernacle; a. fr. Hif. הִתְקִין 1) to prepare, fit. Ab. II, 12 הַתְקֵן עצמך ללמודוכ׳ fit thyself to study the Law, for it does not come to thee by inheritance. Ib. IV, 16, v. פְּרוֹזְדוֹר; a. e. 2) to ordain, establish a custom, innovate. Succ.51b הִתְקִינוּ שיהווכ׳ they ordained that the women should sit uptairs, and the men below. Shebi. X, 3, v. פְּרוֹזְבּוֹל. Y.R. Hash. IV, 59b bot. מַתְקִין על דבר תורה introduced a measure extending a Biblical law; מתקין על דבריהן extending a Rabbinical ordinance. Ber.IX, 5 התקינו שיהווכ׳ they ordained that they should say, ‘from everlasting and unto everlasting; a. fr. Nif. נִתְקַן to be straightened, mended, improved. Koh. R. to 1, 15 יכול להִתָּקֵן (or להִתַּקֵּן Hithpa.), v. עָיַת. Ber.40a בדבר … בו נִתְקְנוּ (or נִתַּקְּנוּ Nithpa.) they were mended (restored) by the same thing by which they were impaired (sinned); Snh.70b; a. e.

    Jewish literature > תָּקַן

  • 14 μαρτυρέω

    μαρτυρέω impf. ἐμαρτύρουν; fut. μαρτυρήσω; 1 aor. ἐμαρτύρησα; pf. μεμαρτύρηκα. Pass.: impf. ἐμαρτυρούμην; 1 aor. ἐμαρτυρήθην Hb 11:2, 4, 39; pf. μεμαρτύρημαι (s. four next entries; Semonides, Hdt.+)
    to confirm or attest someth. on the basis of personal knowledge or belief, bear witness, be a witness.
    to offer testimony
    α. act. ὑμεῖς μαρτυρεῖτε you are witnesses J 15:27. ἐὰν θέλωσιν μαρτυρεῖν if they are willing to appear as witnesses Ac 26:5.—J 12:17; 1J 5:6f. Parenthetically, emphasizing the correctness of a statement, μαρτυρῶ I can testify (POxy 105, 13 Σαραπίων μαρτυρῶ=‘I, S., am witness’; PLond III, 1164 [f], 35 al. p. 162.—B-D-F §465, 2; Rob. 434) 2 Cor 8:3. περί τινος bear witness, testify concerning someone or someth. (PGrenf II, 73, 16 ὅταν ἔλθῃ σὺν θεῷ, μαρτυρήσει σοι περὶ ὧν αὐτὴν πεποιήκασιν; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 217, Vi. 259) J 1:7f, 15 (in the very likely case that μαρτυρεῖ refers to the past, cp. Caecil. Calact., Fgm. 75 p. 58, 2ff, where examples are given of the interchange of tenses: Demosth. 59, 34 τοὺς ὁρῶντας for τ. ἑωρακότας; Eur., Androm. Fgm. 145 Nauck2 ὁρῶ ἀντὶ τοῦ εἶδον; Thu. 2, 35, 1 ἐπαινοῦσι ἀντὶ τοῦ ἐπῄνεσαν); 2:25; 5:31, 32a, 36f, 39; 7:7; 8:13f, 18ab; 10:25; 15:26; 21:24; 1J 5:9. μαρτύρησον περὶ τοῦ κακοῦ testify to the wrong J 18:23 (μ.=furnish proof X., Symp. 8, 12). Also ἐπί τινι Hb 11:4b (on ἐπί w. dat. in this pass. s. Gen 4:4). W. dat. of thing (Jos., Ant. 12, 135; Ath. 16, 3 τῷ λόγω. Πλάτων) μ. τῇ ἀληθείᾳ bear witness to the truth J 5:33; 18:37. μ. σου τῇ ἀληθείᾳ testify to the truth of your (way of life) 3J 3; σου τῇ ἀγάπῃ vs. 6. W. dat. of pers. about whom testimony is given (Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 73 §298; Just., D. 122, 2.—It is dat. of advantage or disadv.) Ac 10:43; 22:5; GJs 15:2; w. ptc. foll. (μ. Ἰακὼβ λέγων Did., Gen. 221, 2) θεὸς ἐμαρτύρησεν αὐτοῖς δοὺς κτλ. God testified for them by giving Ac 15:8 (though αὐτοῖς can also be taken w. δούς); w. ὅτι foll. bear someone witness that J 3:28; Ro 10:2; Gal 4:15; Col 4:13. μ. ἑαυτῷ, ὅτι bear witness to oneself that Mt 23:31. The dat. can also designate the pers. who is informed or instructed by the testimony: bear witness to someone Hb 10:15; Rv 22:18.—μ. ὅτι testify that (Aelian, VH 9, 11; Did., Gen. 156, 28) J 1:34; 4:44; 12:17 v.l.; 1J 4:14. ὅτι introducing direct discourse J 4:39. μ. κατὰ τ. θεοῦ ὅτι bear witness against God by declaring that 1 Cor 15:15 (PPetr II, 21 [d], 12 [III B.C.] καθʼ οὗ μαρτυρῶ). ἐμαρτύρησεν καὶ εἶπεν w. direct discourse foll. J 13:21. μ. λέγων w. direct disc. foll. J 1:32. Of God μοι μαρτυρεῖ λέγων (Ps 89:4 follows) he testifies (of it) to me by saying 15:4. For 1 Ti 6:13 s. c below.
    β. pass., be witnessed, have witness borne ὑπό τινος by someone (Philo, Leg. All. 3, 46 σοφία μαρτυρουμένη ὑπὸ θεοῦ; Just., D. 63, 5 Χριστὸς ὑπὸ τοῦ ταῦτα ποιήσαντος μαρτυρούμενος. Of Jesus: ὑπὸ τῶν προφητῶν πολλαχοῦ μεμαρτ. Orig., C. Cels. 2, 9, 30) Ro 3:21 (the witness of the law and prophets points to God’s righteousness). Foll. by ὅτι and a quot. in direct discourse Hb 7:17. μαρτυρούμενος ὅτι ζῇ one of whom it is testified that he lives vs. 8.
    to confirm bear witness to, declare, confirm, act. (Eunap., Vi. Soph. p. 76 ὁ θεὸς ἐμαρτύρησε; Iren. 2, 22, 5 [Harv I 331, 1]) τὶ someth. (Demosth. 57, 4 ἀκοήν; Aeschin. 1, 46 τἀληθῆ). ὸ̔ ἑωράκαμεν μαρτυροῦμεν J 3:11; cp. vs. 32. τὸν λόγον τ. θεοῦ Rv 1:2. ταῦτα 22:20. τινί τὶ someth. to or for someone (Dionys. Hal. 3, 67, 1; Jos., Ant. 6, 355) vs. 16. ὑμῖν τ. ζωήν 1J 1:2. The acc. is to be supplied fr. the context J 19:35; Ac 23:11. W. ptc. ἀκούσαντες μαρτυρήσωσιν they must admit that they have heard PtK 3 p. 15, 23.—μαρτυρίαν μ. bear witness, confirm, attest (Ps.-Pla., Eryx. 399b; Epict. 4, 8, 32) περί τινος concerning someone J 5:32b; 1J 5:10 (POxy 3313, 25f μαρτυρήσει σοι Σαραπᾶς περὶ τῶν ῥόδων S. will confirm to you about the roses).
    to support one’s testimony with total selfgiving, eccl. usage w. regard to martyrdom bear witness, testify, be a witness (unto death), be martyred, act. (TestAbr B 11 p. 115, 16 [Stone p. 787] Ἄβελ ὁ ἐν πρώτοις μαρτυρήσας; Mel., HE 4, 26, 3; τοῖς μαρτυρούσι τῷ χριστιανισμῷ μέχρι θανάτου Orig., C. Cels. 1, 8, 2): of Paul μαρτυρήσας ἐπὶ τῶν ἡγουμένων … εἰς τὸν ἅγιον τόπον ἐπορεύθη 1 Cl 5:7; cp. vs. 4; MPol 1:1; 19:1; 21f (Iren. 3, 3, 4 [Harv. II 12, 8]); EpilMosq 4. Prob. 1 Ti 6:13 also belongs here: Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ τοῦ μαρτυρήσαντος ἐπὶ Ποντίου Πιλάτου τ. καλὴν ὁμολογίαν Christ Jesus, who made the good confession before Pontius Pilate (s. GBaldensperger, RHPR 2, 1922, 1–25; 95–117); otherwise the passage may be classed under a above.
    to affirm in a supportive manner, testify favorably, speak well (of), approve
    act. (Dio Chrys. 23 [40], 19; SIG 374, 37 [III B.C.]; POxy 930, 16) w. dat. of the pers. (Appian, Samn. 11, §2 τοῖς ὑπάτοις, Liby. 105 §495, Bell. Civ. 4, 92 §387; Aelian, VH 1, 30; Jos., Ant. 12, 134) or of the thing approved Lk 4:22 (OFearghus, ZNW 75, ’84, 60–72 [pap and ins]; JNolland, JBL 98, ’79, 219–29); J 3:26. Of God toward David Ac 13:22. μὴ ἑαυτῷ μαρτυρείτω he must not testify (favorably) concerning himself 1 Cl 38:2. W. dat. to be supplied 3J 12b. μαρτυρίᾳ, ᾗ ἐμαρτύρησεν αὐτῷ ὁ δεσπότης Hs 5, 2, 6. Of the flesh ἵνα τὸ πνεῦμα … μαρτυρήσῃ αὐτῇ Hs 5, 7, 1.—ὁ κύριος ὁ μαρτυρῶν ἐπὶ (which a v.l. omits; μ. ἐπί τινι as Jos., Ant. 3, 189) τῷ λόγῳ τ. χάριτος αὐτοῦ the Lord, who attested the word of his grace Ac 14:3. With συνευδοκέω Lk 11:48 v.l.
    pass., be well spoken of, be approved (Ep. 12 of Apollonius of Tyana: Philostrat. I 348, 26; Just., D. 29, 1. Exx. fr. ins in Dssm., NB 93 [BS 265], LO 69, 2 [LAE 84, 5]) ἀνὴρ μαρτυρούμενος or μεμαρτυρημένος a man of good reputation Ac 6:3; IPhld 11:1. Of OT worthies people of attested merit 1 Cl 17:1; 19:1. Of David 18:1. Of Abraham μεγάλως ἐμαρτυρήθη his merit was gloriously attested 17:2 (cp. Just., D. 11, 5 ἐπὶ τῇ πίστει μαρτυηθέντος ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ). Of the apostles 47:4. Of Paul IEph 12:2. Of church leaders 1 Cl 44:3.—Foll. by nom. and inf. Hb 11:4a; cp. vs. 5. διά τινος be praised for someth. 11:4a, 39. ἐν ἔργοις καλοῖς μαρτυρούμενος well attested in good deeds 1 Ti 5:10; cp. Hb 11:2. ὑπό τινος be well spoken of by someone (M. Ant. 7, 62; SIG 799, 28; Jos., Ant. 3, 59; Just., D. 29, 3; 92, 4; New Docs 7, 233, no. 10, 10 of a benefactor) Ac 10:22; 16:2; 22:12; IPhld 5:2.—Impersonally μαρτυρεῖταί τινι ὑπό τινος a good testimony is given by someone to someone (Dionys. Hal., Thu. 8 μαρτυρεῖται τῷ ἀνδρὶ τάχα μὲν ὐπὸ πάντων φιλοσόφων; BGU 1141, 15 [14 B.C.] ὡς καὶ μαρτυρηθήσεταί σοι ὑπὸ τῶν φίλων) Δημητρίῳ μεμαρτύρηται ὑπὸ πάντων καὶ ὑπὸ αὐτῆς τῆς ἀληθείας Demetrius has received a good testimony from everyone and from the truth itself 3J 12a.—Dg 12:6.—OMichel, Bibl. Bekennen u. Bezeugen, Ὁμολογεῖν und μαρτυρεῖν im bibl. Sprachgebr.: Evang. Theologie 2, ’35, 231–45; EBurnier, La notion de témoignage dans le NT ’39.—DELG s.v. μάρτυς. M-M. EDNT. TRE XXII 196–212. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > μαρτυρέω

  • 15 שיטה

    שִׁיטָּה, שִׁטָּהIII f. ( שטט, cmp. שִׁרְטֵט) l) row, line. Neg. X, 6 וש׳ של שערוכ׳ and a row of hair separating them. Y.Kidd.II, 62d אשה … ושי׳ שלוכ׳ (not שוטה) a bald-headed woman with a row of hair going around from ear to ear. Y.Yoma IV, 41c top אני ראיתיו … אלא ש׳ אחתוכ׳ I have seen it (the high priests mitre) in Rome, and there was engraved on it only in one line, ‘holy unto the Lord. Tosef.Gitt.IX (VII), 11 מלא ש׳ אחת the space of one line (of writing); Y. ib. IX, 50c; Y.B. Bath.X, beg.17c. Treat. Sofrim XII, 8; a. fr.Pl. שִׁיטִּין, שִׁטִּ׳ (m.), שִׁיטּוֹת. Ib. שִׁיטּוֹתֶיהָ של תורה the division of lines in the Pentateuch. Ib. 9 סימן תחלת הש׳וכ׳ the mark for the beginning of lines (in Haăzinu, Deut. 32) is, Haazinu, Yaʿarof Y. B. Bath. l. c. מקים שני ש׳ the space of two lines; Tosef. Gitt. l. c.; Y. ib. l. c. Ḥull.65a בשתי תיבות פסיק להו בשני ש׳וכ׳ written as two separate words, but not divided between two lines; a. fr. 2) (trnsf.) line of thought, opinion, principle, system. Lev. R. s. 2 אמר ש׳ אחרת offered a second mode (of developing the same idea from two Scripture verses). Y.Gitt.V, 47c top; Y.Erub.VII, 24c bot. ירדו לה בשִׁיטַּתוכ׳ they entered into (drew an analogy from) the principle laid down in the law concerning transactions of children. Erub.99a, a. e. מוחלפת הש׳, v. חָלַף; (Rashi: R. J. is at variance with his own principle, v. שִׁיטְּתָא). Y.Pes.VII, beg.34a בשיטתר׳ מאיר following up R. Meirs principle. Y.Peah V, 19a top (read:) בשִׁיטָּתָן השיבהו בשִׁיטַּתְכֶן דאתון אמריןוכ׳ he (R. El.) argued against them by entering into their opinion (without adopting it for himself); according to your principle, when you say ; a. fr. (in Chald. diction, v. שִׁיטְּתָא).Pl. שִׁיטִּין. Num. R. s. 199> (ref. to המרים, Num. 20:10) ש׳ הרבה יש בו there are several ways of interpreting that word; a. e.

    Jewish literature > שיטה

  • 16 שטה

    שִׁיטָּה, שִׁטָּהIII f. ( שטט, cmp. שִׁרְטֵט) l) row, line. Neg. X, 6 וש׳ של שערוכ׳ and a row of hair separating them. Y.Kidd.II, 62d אשה … ושי׳ שלוכ׳ (not שוטה) a bald-headed woman with a row of hair going around from ear to ear. Y.Yoma IV, 41c top אני ראיתיו … אלא ש׳ אחתוכ׳ I have seen it (the high priests mitre) in Rome, and there was engraved on it only in one line, ‘holy unto the Lord. Tosef.Gitt.IX (VII), 11 מלא ש׳ אחת the space of one line (of writing); Y. ib. IX, 50c; Y.B. Bath.X, beg.17c. Treat. Sofrim XII, 8; a. fr.Pl. שִׁיטִּין, שִׁטִּ׳ (m.), שִׁיטּוֹת. Ib. שִׁיטּוֹתֶיהָ של תורה the division of lines in the Pentateuch. Ib. 9 סימן תחלת הש׳וכ׳ the mark for the beginning of lines (in Haăzinu, Deut. 32) is, Haazinu, Yaʿarof Y. B. Bath. l. c. מקים שני ש׳ the space of two lines; Tosef. Gitt. l. c.; Y. ib. l. c. Ḥull.65a בשתי תיבות פסיק להו בשני ש׳וכ׳ written as two separate words, but not divided between two lines; a. fr. 2) (trnsf.) line of thought, opinion, principle, system. Lev. R. s. 2 אמר ש׳ אחרת offered a second mode (of developing the same idea from two Scripture verses). Y.Gitt.V, 47c top; Y.Erub.VII, 24c bot. ירדו לה בשִׁיטַּתוכ׳ they entered into (drew an analogy from) the principle laid down in the law concerning transactions of children. Erub.99a, a. e. מוחלפת הש׳, v. חָלַף; (Rashi: R. J. is at variance with his own principle, v. שִׁיטְּתָא). Y.Pes.VII, beg.34a בשיטתר׳ מאיר following up R. Meirs principle. Y.Peah V, 19a top (read:) בשִׁיטָּתָן השיבהו בשִׁיטַּתְכֶן דאתון אמריןוכ׳ he (R. El.) argued against them by entering into their opinion (without adopting it for himself); according to your principle, when you say ; a. fr. (in Chald. diction, v. שִׁיטְּתָא).Pl. שִׁיטִּין. Num. R. s. 199> (ref. to המרים, Num. 20:10) ש׳ הרבה יש בו there are several ways of interpreting that word; a. e.

    Jewish literature > שטה

  • 17 שִׁיטָּה

    שִׁיטָּה, שִׁטָּהIII f. ( שטט, cmp. שִׁרְטֵט) l) row, line. Neg. X, 6 וש׳ של שערוכ׳ and a row of hair separating them. Y.Kidd.II, 62d אשה … ושי׳ שלוכ׳ (not שוטה) a bald-headed woman with a row of hair going around from ear to ear. Y.Yoma IV, 41c top אני ראיתיו … אלא ש׳ אחתוכ׳ I have seen it (the high priests mitre) in Rome, and there was engraved on it only in one line, ‘holy unto the Lord. Tosef.Gitt.IX (VII), 11 מלא ש׳ אחת the space of one line (of writing); Y. ib. IX, 50c; Y.B. Bath.X, beg.17c. Treat. Sofrim XII, 8; a. fr.Pl. שִׁיטִּין, שִׁטִּ׳ (m.), שִׁיטּוֹת. Ib. שִׁיטּוֹתֶיהָ של תורה the division of lines in the Pentateuch. Ib. 9 סימן תחלת הש׳וכ׳ the mark for the beginning of lines (in Haăzinu, Deut. 32) is, Haazinu, Yaʿarof Y. B. Bath. l. c. מקים שני ש׳ the space of two lines; Tosef. Gitt. l. c.; Y. ib. l. c. Ḥull.65a בשתי תיבות פסיק להו בשני ש׳וכ׳ written as two separate words, but not divided between two lines; a. fr. 2) (trnsf.) line of thought, opinion, principle, system. Lev. R. s. 2 אמר ש׳ אחרת offered a second mode (of developing the same idea from two Scripture verses). Y.Gitt.V, 47c top; Y.Erub.VII, 24c bot. ירדו לה בשִׁיטַּתוכ׳ they entered into (drew an analogy from) the principle laid down in the law concerning transactions of children. Erub.99a, a. e. מוחלפת הש׳, v. חָלַף; (Rashi: R. J. is at variance with his own principle, v. שִׁיטְּתָא). Y.Pes.VII, beg.34a בשיטתר׳ מאיר following up R. Meirs principle. Y.Peah V, 19a top (read:) בשִׁיטָּתָן השיבהו בשִׁיטַּתְכֶן דאתון אמריןוכ׳ he (R. El.) argued against them by entering into their opinion (without adopting it for himself); according to your principle, when you say ; a. fr. (in Chald. diction, v. שִׁיטְּתָא).Pl. שִׁיטִּין. Num. R. s. 199> (ref. to המרים, Num. 20:10) ש׳ הרבה יש בו there are several ways of interpreting that word; a. e.

    Jewish literature > שִׁיטָּה

  • 18 שִׁטָּה

    שִׁיטָּה, שִׁטָּהIII f. ( שטט, cmp. שִׁרְטֵט) l) row, line. Neg. X, 6 וש׳ של שערוכ׳ and a row of hair separating them. Y.Kidd.II, 62d אשה … ושי׳ שלוכ׳ (not שוטה) a bald-headed woman with a row of hair going around from ear to ear. Y.Yoma IV, 41c top אני ראיתיו … אלא ש׳ אחתוכ׳ I have seen it (the high priests mitre) in Rome, and there was engraved on it only in one line, ‘holy unto the Lord. Tosef.Gitt.IX (VII), 11 מלא ש׳ אחת the space of one line (of writing); Y. ib. IX, 50c; Y.B. Bath.X, beg.17c. Treat. Sofrim XII, 8; a. fr.Pl. שִׁיטִּין, שִׁטִּ׳ (m.), שִׁיטּוֹת. Ib. שִׁיטּוֹתֶיהָ של תורה the division of lines in the Pentateuch. Ib. 9 סימן תחלת הש׳וכ׳ the mark for the beginning of lines (in Haăzinu, Deut. 32) is, Haazinu, Yaʿarof Y. B. Bath. l. c. מקים שני ש׳ the space of two lines; Tosef. Gitt. l. c.; Y. ib. l. c. Ḥull.65a בשתי תיבות פסיק להו בשני ש׳וכ׳ written as two separate words, but not divided between two lines; a. fr. 2) (trnsf.) line of thought, opinion, principle, system. Lev. R. s. 2 אמר ש׳ אחרת offered a second mode (of developing the same idea from two Scripture verses). Y.Gitt.V, 47c top; Y.Erub.VII, 24c bot. ירדו לה בשִׁיטַּתוכ׳ they entered into (drew an analogy from) the principle laid down in the law concerning transactions of children. Erub.99a, a. e. מוחלפת הש׳, v. חָלַף; (Rashi: R. J. is at variance with his own principle, v. שִׁיטְּתָא). Y.Pes.VII, beg.34a בשיטתר׳ מאיר following up R. Meirs principle. Y.Peah V, 19a top (read:) בשִׁיטָּתָן השיבהו בשִׁיטַּתְכֶן דאתון אמריןוכ׳ he (R. El.) argued against them by entering into their opinion (without adopting it for himself); according to your principle, when you say ; a. fr. (in Chald. diction, v. שִׁיטְּתָא).Pl. שִׁיטִּין. Num. R. s. 199> (ref. to המרים, Num. 20:10) ש׳ הרבה יש בו there are several ways of interpreting that word; a. e.

    Jewish literature > שִׁטָּה

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