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what+is+honestly

101 querido

Del verbo querer: ( conjugate querer) \ \
querido es: \ \
el participio
Multiple Entries: querer querido
querer ( conjugate querer) verbo transitivo ( amar) to love;
◊ te querré siempre I'll always love you;
sus alumnos lo quieren mucho his pupils are very fond of him; ¡por lo que más quieras! for pity's sake!, for God's sake! 1
a) (expresando deseo, intención, voluntad):

◊ no sabe lo que quiere she doesn't know what she wants;
quisiera una habitación doble I'd like a double room; ¿qué más quieres? what more do you want?; hazlo cuando/como quieras do it whenever/however you like; iba a hacerlo pero él no quiso I was going to do it but he didn't want me to; tráemelo mañana ¿quieres? bring it tomorrow, will you?; no quiero I don't want to; quiero ir I want to go; quisiera reservar una mesa I'd like to book a table; quisiera poder ayudarte I wish I could help you; no quiso comer nada she wouldn't eat anything; quiero que estudies más I want you to study harder; ¡qué quieres que te diga …! quite honestly o frankly …; el destino así lo quiso it was destined to be; querido es poder where there's a will there's a way
b) ( al ofrecer algo):

◊ ¿quieres un café? would you like a coffee?;
( menos formal) do you want a coffee?
c) ( introduciendo un pedido):

◊ ¿querrías hacerme un favor? could you do me a favor?;
¿te quieres callar? be quiet, will you? 2 ( en locs)
◊ cuando quiera que whenever;
donde quiera que wherever; queriendo ( adrede) on purpose, deliberately; sin querer accidentally; fue sin querido it was an accident; querer decir to mean; ¿qué quieres decir con eso? what do you mean by that? 3 ( como precio):
◊ ¿cuánto quieres por el coche? how much do you want o are you asking for the car?
quererse verbo pronominal ( recípr):
◊ se quieren mucho they love each other very much

querido -da adjetivo
a) ( amado) ‹ patria› beloved;

◊ mis recuerdos más queridos my fondest memories;
seres queridos loved ones; un profesor muy querido por todos a well-liked teacher
b) (Corresp) Dear

c) (Col fam) ( simpático) nice
■ sustantivo masculino, femenino
a) ( como apelativo) darling, dear, sweetheart

b) ( amante) (m) fancy man;
(f) fancy woman
querer
I verbo transitivo
1 (a alguien) to love
2 (algo) to want, wish ➣ Ver nota en want
3 (intención, ruego, ofrecimiento) to like: ¿quieres otra taza de té?, would you like another cup of tea?
¿quieres callarte?, will you shut up?
II sustantivo masculino love, affection Locuciones: quieras o no, tendrás que oírme, you'll have to listen to me, whether you want to or not
querer decir, to mean
ser algo un quiero y no puedo, to try to make people think that one is more affluent than one actually is
como quiera que, since: como quiera que no pueden vernos, no saben qué aspecto tenemos, since they can't see us, they don't know what we look like
sin querer, unintentionally, by accident
querido,-a
I adjetivo dear, beloved
II sustantivo masculino y femenino
1 darling
2 pey (hombre) lover (mujer) mistress ' querido' also found in these entries: Spanish: cariño - querida - reparar - ser English: baby - darling - dear - ducky - elementary - precious - beloved - bereaved - bereavement - loved one

English-spanish dictionary > querido
102 querré

Del verbo querer: ( conjugate querer) \ \
querré es: \ \
1ª persona singular (yo) futuro indicativo
Multiple Entries: querer querré
querer ( conjugate querer) verbo transitivo ( amar) to love;
◊ te querré siempre I'll always love you;
sus alumnos lo quieren mucho his pupils are very fond of him; ¡por lo que más quieras! for pity's sake!, for God's sake! 1
a) (expresando deseo, intención, voluntad):

◊ no sabe lo que quiere she doesn't know what she wants;
quisiera una habitación doble I'd like a double room; ¿qué más quieres? what more do you want?; hazlo cuando/como quieras do it whenever/however you like; iba a hacerlo pero él no quiso I was going to do it but he didn't want me to; tráemelo mañana ¿quieres? bring it tomorrow, will you?; no quiero I don't want to; quiero ir I want to go; quisiera reservar una mesa I'd like to book a table; quisiera poder ayudarte I wish I could help you; no quiso comer nada she wouldn't eat anything; quiero que estudies más I want you to study harder; ¡qué quieres que te diga …! quite honestly o frankly …; el destino así lo quiso it was destined to be; querré es poder where there's a will there's a way
b) ( al ofrecer algo):

◊ ¿quieres un café? would you like a coffee?;
( menos formal) do you want a coffee?
c) ( introduciendo un pedido):

◊ ¿querrías hacerme un favor? could you do me a favor?;
¿te quieres callar? be quiet, will you? 2 ( en locs)
◊ cuando quiera que whenever;
donde quiera que wherever; queriendo ( adrede) on purpose, deliberately; sin querer accidentally; fue sin querré it was an accident; querer decir to mean; ¿qué quieres decir con eso? what do you mean by that? 3 ( como precio):
◊ ¿cuánto quieres por el coche? how much do you want o are you asking for the car?
quererse verbo pronominal ( recípr):
◊ se quieren mucho they love each other very much

querré, querría, etc see querer
querer
I verbo transitivo
1 (a alguien) to love
2 (algo) to want, wish ➣ Ver nota en want
3 (intención, ruego, ofrecimiento) to like: ¿quieres otra taza de té?, would you like another cup of tea?
¿quieres callarte?, will you shut up?
II sustantivo masculino love, affection Locuciones: quieras o no, tendrás que oírme, you'll have to listen to me, whether you want to or not
querer decir, to mean
ser algo un quiero y no puedo, to try to make people think that one is more affluent than one actually is
como quiera que, since: como quiera que no pueden vernos, no saben qué aspecto tenemos, since they can't see us, they don't know what we look like
sin querer, unintentionally, by accident ' querré' also found in these entries: Spanish: querer English: forever

English-spanish dictionary > querré
103 quiera

Del verbo querer: ( conjugate querer) \ \
quiera es: \ \
1ª persona singular (yo) presente subjuntivo

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente subjuntivo

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) imperativo
Multiple Entries: querer quiera
querer ( conjugate querer) verbo transitivo ( amar) to love;
◊ te querré siempre I'll always love you;
sus alumnos lo quieren mucho his pupils are very fond of him; ¡por lo que más quieras! for pity's sake!, for God's sake! 1
a) (expresando deseo, intención, voluntad):

◊ no sabe lo que quiere she doesn't know what she wants;
quisiera una habitación doble I'd like a double room; ¿qué más quieres? what more do you want?; hazlo cuando/como quieras do it whenever/however you like; iba a hacerlo pero él no quiso I was going to do it but he didn't want me to; tráemelo mañana ¿quieres? bring it tomorrow, will you?; no quiero I don't want to; quiero ir I want to go; quisiera reservar una mesa I'd like to book a table; quisiera poder ayudarte I wish I could help you; no quiso comer nada she wouldn't eat anything; quiero que estudies más I want you to study harder; ¡qué quieres que te diga …! quite honestly o frankly …; el destino así lo quiso it was destined to be; quiera es poder where there's a will there's a way
b) ( al ofrecer algo):

◊ ¿quieres un café? would you like a coffee?;
( menos formal) do you want a coffee?
c) ( introduciendo un pedido):

◊ ¿querrías hacerme un favor? could you do me a favor?;
¿te quieres callar? be quiet, will you? 2 ( en locs)
◊ cuando quiera que whenever;
donde quiera que wherever; queriendo ( adrede) on purpose, deliberately; sin querer accidentally; fue sin quiera it was an accident; querer decir to mean; ¿qué quieres decir con eso? what do you mean by that? 3 ( como precio):
◊ ¿cuánto quieres por el coche? how much do you want o are you asking for the car?
quererse verbo pronominal ( recípr):
◊ se quieren mucho they love each other very much

quiera, quieras, etc see querer
querer
I verbo transitivo
1 (a alguien) to love
2 (algo) to want, wish ➣ Ver nota en want
3 (intención, ruego, ofrecimiento) to like: ¿quieres otra taza de té?, would you like another cup of tea?
¿quieres callarte?, will you shut up?
II sustantivo masculino love, affection Locuciones: quieras o no, tendrás que oírme, you'll have to listen to me, whether you want to or not
querer decir, to mean
ser algo un quiero y no puedo, to try to make people think that one is more affluent than one actually is
como quiera que, since: como quiera que no pueden vernos, no saben qué aspecto tenemos, since they can't see us, they don't know what we look like
sin querer, unintentionally, by accident ' quiera' also found in these entries: Spanish: como quiera - comoquiera - concebir - cuando - entenderse - querer - así - mayor - por - todo English: any - device - god - grab - much - willy-nilly - should - well - whoever

English-spanish dictionary > quiera
104 quise

Del verbo querer: ( conjugate querer) \ \
quise es: \ \
1ª persona singular (yo) pretérito indicativo
Multiple Entries: querer quise
querer ( conjugate querer) verbo transitivo ( amar) to love;
◊ te querré siempre I'll always love you;
sus alumnos lo quieren mucho his pupils are very fond of him; ¡por lo que más quieras! for pity's sake!, for God's sake! 1
a) (expresando deseo, intención, voluntad):

◊ no sabe lo que quiere she doesn't know what she wants;
quisiera una habitación doble I'd like a double room; ¿qué más quieres? what more do you want?; hazlo cuando/como quieras do it whenever/however you like; iba a hacerlo pero él no quiso I was going to do it but he didn't want me to; tráemelo mañana ¿quieres? bring it tomorrow, will you?; no quiero I don't want to; quiero ir I want to go; quisiera reservar una mesa I'd like to book a table; quisiera poder ayudarte I wish I could help you; no quiso comer nada she wouldn't eat anything; quiero que estudies más I want you to study harder; ¡qué quieres que te diga …! quite honestly o frankly …; el destino así lo quiso it was destined to be; quise es poder where there's a will there's a way
b) ( al ofrecer algo):

◊ ¿quieres un café? would you like a coffee?;
( menos formal) do you want a coffee?
c) ( introduciendo un pedido):

◊ ¿querrías hacerme un favor? could you do me a favor?;
¿te quieres callar? be quiet, will you? 2 ( en locs)
◊ cuando quiera que whenever;
donde quiera que wherever; queriendo ( adrede) on purpose, deliberately; sin querer accidentally; fue sin quise it was an accident; querer decir to mean; ¿qué quieres decir con eso? what do you mean by that? 3 ( como precio):
◊ ¿cuánto quieres por el coche? how much do you want o are you asking for the car?
quererse verbo pronominal ( recípr):
◊ se quieren mucho they love each other very much

quise, quisiera, etc see querer
querer
I verbo transitivo
1 (a alguien) to love
2 (algo) to want, wish ➣ Ver nota en want
3 (intención, ruego, ofrecimiento) to like: ¿quieres otra taza de té?, would you like another cup of tea?
¿quieres callarte?, will you shut up?
II sustantivo masculino love, affection Locuciones: quieras o no, tendrás que oírme, you'll have to listen to me, whether you want to or not
querer decir, to mean
ser algo un quiero y no puedo, to try to make people think that one is more affluent than one actually is
como quiera que, since: como quiera que no pueden vernos, no saben qué aspecto tenemos, since they can't see us, they don't know what we look like
sin querer, unintentionally, by accident ' quise' also found in these entries: Spanish: cara English: any - detract - disrespect - patch

English-spanish dictionary > quise
105 complain

1. I
abs

I can't complain не могу пожаловаться; мне не на что жаловаться
2. II
complain in some manner complain constantly (bitterly, angrily, chronically, etc.) постоянно и т. д. жаловаться / выражать недовольство/; some people are always complaining некоторые люди вечно недовольны
3. XVI
complain about /of/ smth. that's what I am complaining about вот на это-то я и жалуюсь. they complained about her carelessness они жаловались на ее небрежность; he complains of headache caused by overwork он жалуется на головную боль от переутомления; he keeps complaining of his bad memory он все время жалуется на плохую память; what do you complain of? на что вы жалуетесь?; what are you complaining about? какие у вас есть жалобы или претензии?; чем вы недовольны?; what have you to complain of? на что вы можете пожаловаться?; complain about /of/ smth. in some manner complain bitterly (peevishly, etc.) about the noise (about overwork. of bad food, of ill treatment, of loneliness, of a headache, of pain in the throat, of shivering fits, of giddiness, about high prices, etc.) горько и т. д. жаловаться на шум и т. д.', complain about /of/ smth. at some time complain about the noise constantly (chronically, often, etc.) постоянно и т. д. жаловаться на шум; there are people who are always complaining about smth. есть люди, которые всегда на что-нибудь жалуются; complain about smb. complain about the child (about their neighbour, etc.) жаловаться на ребенка и т. д.; complain to smb. about /of/ smth., smb. complain to the manager about the noise (to your teacher about it, to the police about his neighbour's dog, to me of his rudeness, to the authority of an offence, etc.) (по)жаловаться администратору на шум и т.д. complain against smb. in some manner complain loudly (angrily, etc.) against one's neighbours (against his dogs, etc.) громко и т. д. жаловаться на соседей и т. д.; complain against smb. for smth. complain against the boys for misbehaviour (against one's neighbours for noise, etc.) жаловаться на плохое поведение мальчишек и т. д.; complain before smb., smth. complain before the court (before the Senate, etc.) подавать жалобу в суд и т. д.
4. XVII
complain of doing smth. complain of having been cheated (of being neglected, of having been passed over, of not having enough work, etc.) жаловаться /сетовать/ на то, что тебя обманули и т. д.: complain at some time he always complains of being misunderstood он вечно сетует на то, что его не понимают
5. XXV
complain that... complain that the room is cold (that the children do not behave, that he was not paid punctually, etc.) жаловаться [на то], что в комнате холодно и т. д.; one cannot honestly complain that the weather is bad, честно говоря, нельзя пожаловаться на плохую погоду /на то, что погода плохая/; Mary is always complaining that her health is poor Мэри всегда жалуется на слабое здоровье

English-Russian dictionary of verb phrases > complain
106 komen

komen

1 [een punt (toevallig) bereiken] come ⇒ 〈 informeel〉 get

2 [verschijnen, zichtbaar worden] come

3 [op bezoek komen] come ((a)round/over) ⇒ call

4 [+ aan] [aanraken] touch

5 [met betrekking tot oorsprong/oorzaak, het resultaat zijn] come (about) ⇒ happen

6 [+ aan] [in het bezit van iets raken] come (by) ⇒ 〈 informeel〉 get (hold of)

7 [informeel] [klaarkomen] come

♦voorbeelden:

1   er komt regen • it's going to rain

     〈 figuurlijk〉 die wet zal er wel niet (door) komen • I don't think that law will get through

     in afwachting van de dingen die komen gaan • in expectation of things to come

     ergens bij kunnen komen • be able to get at something

     hij kwam te overlijden • he died

     je moet op een kantoor zien te komen • you must arrange to get into an office

     〈 figuurlijk〉 ergens achter komen • find out/get to know/get on to something

     〈 figuurlijk〉 hoe kom je erbij! • what(ever) gives/gave you that idea?

     erdoor komen • pass 〈 met betrekking tot examen〉

     erdoor(heen) komen • get through it 〈 met betrekking tot tijd, werk, boek〉

     〈 in gesprek〉 hoe kwamen we hierop? • how did we get onto this (subject)?

     kom op, we gaan • come on, we're leaving

     ergens overheen komen • get over something 〈 bijvoorbeeld ziekte〉

     ik kom er wel uit • I'll let myself out

     〈 figuurlijk〉 we kwamen er niet uit • we couldn't work it out

     maak dat je weg komt! • get out (of here)!

     ze hadden het nooit zover moeten laten komen • they should never have let things get this/that far

     hoe is het ooit zover kunnen komen? • how did it/things ever come to this?

     nergens aan toe komen • fiddle about, not get anything done

     ergens niet aan toe komen • not get round to something

     bij elkaar komen • come/get together, meet

     hoe kom je van hier naar het museum? • how do you get to the museum from here?

     ergens niet op kunnen komen • not to be able to think of something

     dat komt op ƒ200 • that comes to 200 guilders

     tot staan komen • come to a halt/stop

     tot iets komen • come to something; 〈 over zijn hart krijgen〉 bring oneself to (do) something; 〈 de tijd vinden〉 get round to something

     〈 figuurlijk〉 tot zichzelf komen • come to one's senses

     hij komt tot mijn schouder • he comes (up) to my shoulder

     〈 spreekwoord〉 wie het eerst komt, het eerst maalt • first come, first served

2   er kwam bloed uit zijn mond • there was blood coming out of his mouth

     daar komt de boot de haven in • there's the boat coming into (the) harbour

     een komen en gaan van bezoekers • coming(s) and going(s) of visitors

     er kwamen niet veel mensen kijken • not many people came to look

     de politie laten komen • send for/call the police

     komen logeren bij iemand • come and stay with someone

     hij is helemaal komen lopen • he walked the whole way

     daar mag je niet komen • you mustn't go there

     kom daar nu eens om! • 〈 figuurlijk〉 try to find that!, where do you find that!

     ik kom eraan/al! • (I'm) coming!, I'm on my way!

     kom hier • come here

     kom eens langs! • come round some time!

     tussenbeide komen • 〈 ingrijpen〉 intervene; 〈 zich bemoeien〉 interfere

     met de boot/per spoor/te voet komen • come by boat/by train/on foot

     zij komt om suiker • she has come/she's here for/to get some sugar

     hij komt uit Engeland • he's from England

3   er komen mensen vanavond • there are/we've got people coming ((a)round) tonight

4   kom nergens aan! • don't touch (anything/a thing)!

5   wat niet is, kan nog komen • anything can happen

     hoe komt het? • how come?, how did that happen?

     daar komen ongelukken van • that's how you get accidents, that's how accidents happen

     daar komt niets van in • that's out of the question

     daar zal voorlopig wel niets van komen • nothing will come of that for the time being

     komt er nog wat van? • come on (, do/say sth!)

     het zal er toch van moeten komen • it's just got to be done

     ik zie het er nog wel van komen dat … • I can just see …, before you know it …

     er is niets van gekomen • it came to nothing

     dat komt ervan als je niet luistert • that's what you get/what happens if you don't listen

     van het een komt het ander • one thing leads to another

6   aan geld zien te komen • get hold of some money

     eerlijk aan iets komen • come by something honestly

     daar kom ik straks nog op • I'll get round to that in a moment

¶   daar komt nog bij dat … • what's more …, besides …

     er komt 15 % voor bediening bij • there's 15 % extra/added on for service

     dat moest er nog bij komen! • that's all I/we needed!

     dat komt er niet op aan • it doesn't matter

     nu komt het eropaan om … • now it's a matter/question of …(-ing)

     kom nou! • don't be silly!, come off it!

     kom op, we gaan • come on, we're leaving

     〈 figuurlijk〉 ergens in (kunnen) komen • 〈 begrijpen〉 (be able to) see something

     〈 figuurlijk〉 ergens in komen • 〈 vertrouwd raken〉 get/become familiar with

Van Dale Handwoordenboek Nederlands-Engels > komen
107 day

day [deɪ]

jour ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (b) journée ⇒ 1 (a)-(c) époque ⇒ 1 (d)

1 noun

(a) (period of twenty-four hours) jour m; (emphasizing duration) journée f;

∎ it's a nice or fine day c'est une belle journée, il fait beau aujourd'hui;

∎ on a clear day par temps clair;

∎ a summer's/winter's day un jour d'été/d'hiver;

∎ to have a day out aller passer une journée quelque part;

∎ a day at the seaside/the races une journée au bord de la mer/aux courses;

∎ we went to the country for the day nous sommes allés passer la journée à la campagne;

∎ to have a lazy day passer une journée à paresser;

∎ literary when day is done quand le jour s'achève;

∎ what day is it (today)? quel jour sommes-nous (aujourd'hui)?;

∎ what day is she arriving (on)? quel jour arrive-t-elle?;

∎ (on) that day ce jour-là;

∎ (on) the day (that or when) she was born le jour où elle est née;

∎ on the first/last day of the holidays le premier/dernier jour des vacances;

∎ on a day like this/today un jour comme celui-là/aujourd'hui;

∎ the day after, (on) the next or following day le lendemain, le jour suivant;

∎ the day after the party le lendemain de ou le jour d'après la fête;

∎ two days after the party le surlendemain de ou deux jours après la fête;

∎ the day after tomorrow après-demain;

∎ the day before, (on) the previous day la veille, le jour d'avant;

∎ I had first met him two days before je l'avais rencontré l'avant-veille pour la première fois;

∎ the day before yesterday avant-hier;

∎ four days before/later quatre jours plus tôt/tard;

∎ in four days, in four days' time dans quatre jours;

∎ it took me four days to do it ça m'a pris quatre jours pour le faire;

∎ once/twice a day une fois/deux fois par jour;

∎ good day! bonjour!;

∎ have a nice day! bonne journée!;

∎ the other day l'autre jour;

∎ Religion Day of Judgement (jour du) jugement dernier;

∎ Religion day of atonement jour m du Grand Pardon;

∎ dish of the day plat m du jour;

∎ day of reckoning jour de vérité;

∎ any day now d'un jour à l'autre;

∎ day after day, day in day out jour après jour;

∎ for days on end or at a time pendant des jours et des jours;

∎ from day to day de jour en jour;

∎ to live from day to day vivre au jour le jour;

∎ from one day to the next d'un jour à l'autre;

∎ from that day on or onwards à partir de ce jour-là;

∎ from that day to this depuis ce jour-là;

∎ literary from this day forth à partir ou à compter d'aujourd'hui;

∎ to the day I die or my dying day jusqu'à mon dernier jour;

∎ I'd rather work in Madrid any day (of the week) je préférerais largement ou de loin travailler à Madrid;

∎ you've done enough mischief for one day tu as fait assez de bêtises pour une seule journée;

∎ humorous another day, another dollar ≃ c'est le train-train quotidien;

∎ from day one depuis le premier jour;

∎ one day un jour;

∎ one of these days un de ces jours;

∎ some day un jour;

∎ she's seventy if she's a day elle a soixante-dix ans bien sonnés;

∎ he doesn't look a day older than 40/you il n'a pas l'air d'avoir plus de 40 ans/d'être plus vieux que toi;

∎ he doesn't look a day older than when I last saw him il n'a pas vieilli d'un poil depuis la dernière fois que je l'ai vu;

∎ it's been one of those days! tu parles d'une journée!;

∎ on this (day) of all days! justement aujourd'hui!;

∎ of all (the) days to choose for a conference! quelle idée d'avoir choisi de faire une conférence justement aujourd'hui!;

∎ let's make a day of it passons-y la journée;

∎ that really made my day! ça m'a fait très plaisir;

∎ it's not my (lucky) day ce n'est pas mon jour (de chance);

∎ familiar that'll be the day! (it's highly unlikely) il n'y a pas de danger que ça arrive de sitôt!;

∎ at the end of the day à la fin de la journée; figurative en fin de compte, au bout du compte;

∎ to carry or win the day gagner la journée ou la bataille

(b) (hours of daylight) jour m, journée f;

∎ all day (long) toute la journée;

∎ we haven't got all day nous n'avons pas que ça à faire;

∎ to travel during the or by day voyager pendant la journée ou de jour;

∎ to sleep during the or by day dormir le jour;

∎ day and night, night and day jour et nuit, nuit et jour;

∎ in the cold light of day the plan seemed unfeasible avec un peu de distance critique, le projet semblait infaisable

(c) (working hours) journée f;

∎ paid by the day payé à la journée;

∎ to work a seven-hour day travailler sept heures par jour, faire des journées de sept heures;

∎ how was your day?, what kind of day have you had? comment s'est passée ta journée?;

∎ did you have a good day? tu as passé une bonne journée?;

∎ it's been a hard/long day la journée a été dure/longue;

∎ day off jour m de congé;

∎ day of rest jour m de repos;

∎ let's call it a day (stop work) arrêtons-nous pour aujourd'hui; (end relationship) finissons-en;

∎ it's all in a day's work! ça fait partie du travail!

(d) (often pl) (lifetime, era) époque f;

∎ in Caesar's day du temps de César;

∎ in the days of King Arthur, in King Arthur's day du temps du Roi Arthur;

∎ in days to come à l'avenir;

∎ in days gone by par le passé;

∎ in those days à l'époque;

∎ what are you up to these days? qu'est-ce que tu fais de beau ces temps-ci?;

∎ honestly, teenagers these days! vraiment, les adolescents d'aujourd'hui!;

∎ literary or humorous in days of old or yore il y a fort longtemps;

∎ in the good old days dans le temps;

∎ in my/our day de mon/notre temps;

∎ in this day and age de nos jours, aujourd'hui;

∎ he was well-known in his day il était connu de son temps ou à son époque;

∎ in his working/married days du temps où il travaillait/était marié;

∎ in his younger days dans son jeune temps, dans sa jeunesse;

∎ the happiest/worst days of my life les plus beaux/les pires jours de ma vie;

∎ during the early days of the strike/my childhood au tout début de la grève/de mon enfance;

∎ he ended his days in poverty il a fini ses jours dans la misère;

∎ her day will come son heure viendra;

∎ to have had its day (theory, fashion etc) être démodé; (car, TV) avoir fait son temps;

∎ he's had his day il a eu son heure;

∎ he's/this chair has seen better days il/cette chaise a connu des jours meilleurs;

∎ those were the days c'était le bon temps

(e) (battle, game)

∎ to win or to carry the day l'emporter;

∎ to lose the day perdre la partie

2 days adverb

∎ to work days travailler de jour

3 this day week adverb

dans huit jours aujourd'hui

4 to the day adverb

jour pour jour;

∎ it's a year ago to the day il y a un an jour pour jour ou aujourd'hui

5 to this day adverb

à ce jour, aujourd'hui encore

►► day bed lit m de repos;

American day camp centre m aéré;

day care (for elderly, disabled) service m d'accueil de jour; (for children) service m de garderie;

∎ the children go to day care les enfants vont à la garderie;

day centre = centre d'animation et d'aide sociale;

day cream crème f de jour;

day job travail m principal;

∎ familiar humorous don't give up the day job (to aspiring artist etc) je ne crois pas que tu es prêt pour une carrière professionnelle;

day labourer journalier(ère) m,f;

day nurse infirmier(ère) m,f qui est de service de jour;

day nursery garderie f;

Stock Exchange day order ordre m valable pour la journée;

day pass (for skiing) forfait m journalier;

School day pupil (élève mf) externe mf;

British Industry day release formation f continue en alternance;

∎ to be on day release être en formation continue en alternance;

Railways day return aller-retour m valable pour la journée;

day room salle f commune;

day school externat m;

day shift (period worked) service m de jour; (workers) équipe f de jour;

∎ to work the day shift travailler de jour, être (dans l'équipe) de jour;

∎ when do you go on day shift? quand est-ce que tu prends le service de jour?;

Stock Exchange day trade opération f de journée;

Stock Exchange day trader spéculateur(trice) m,f à la journée;

day trip excursion f;

day tripper excursionniste mf;

day work travail m de jour

✾ Book ✾ Film 'The Day of the Jackal' Forsyth, Zimmermann 'Le Chacal'

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > day
108 слово

ср.
1) word;
term брать слово ≈ (с кого-л.) to make smb. promise/swear помяните мое слово ≈ mark my words мн. в полном смысле слова ≈ in the true sense of the word владеть даром слова ≈ to have a way with words к слову пришлось ≈ it just happened to come up к слову сказать ≈ by the way, incidentally слов нет ≈ there's no denying it, there is no question/doubt about it, it is beyond dispute( that) (это справедливо) ;
I can't tell you how...,it is beyond belief( это так хорошо или плохо, что невозможно выразить словами) перекинуться словами ≈ to exchange a word with, to have a quick word with поминать недобрым словом ≈ разг. to think ill/badly of smb. двух слов связать не может ≈ he can't put two words together слово не воробей, вылетит - не поймаешь ≈ words once spoken you can never recall слово - серебро, молчание - золото ≈ speech is silver, silence is golden/gold за словом в карман не лезет ≈ he is never at a loss for words, he never has to search for words выражать в словах ≈ frame без слов ≈ wordless слова общего происхождения ≈ cognate мн.;
линг. веское слово ≈ loaded word диалектные слова ≈ dialectal words, regional words брать свои слова назад, брать свои слова обратно ≈ to retract/take back one's words;
to eat one's words идиом. верить на слово ≈ to take smb.'s word for smth., to take on trust what smb. said честное слово ! ≈ upon my life!, upon my word!, honestly!, honour bright( в детской речи) давать( честное) слово ≈ to give/pledge one's word (of honour) давать себе слово ≈ to promise oneself сдержать слово ≈ to keep one's word;
to be as good as one's word нарушать слово ≈ to break one's word, to go back upon/on one's word не проронить ни слова ≈ to say nothing, to say no word не обмолвиться ни единым словом, не обмолвиться ни одним словом ≈ (о ком-л./ чем-л.) not to mention smb./smth. at all, to say no word about ловить каждое слово ≈ to hang on smb.'s every word, to catch everything smb. says честное слово ≈ word of honour живое слово ≈ living word, fresh idea крепкое слово ≈ strong language новое слово ≈ a (major) breakthrough, a step forward, a major advance первое слово ≈ the start/beginning of smth. последнее слово ≈ the last word, the latest (thing) (новейшее) ;
the last word, the final word (в споре) ;
concluding statement, final plea (в суде) взвешивать слова, взвешивать каждое слово ≈ to weigh/choose one's words (carefully), to weigh one's every word ловить на слове ≈ to take smb. at smb.'s word дар слова ≈ gift of words;
talent of speaking ни слова ≈ not a word, not a syllable пустые слова ≈ mere words к слову сказать ≈ by the way на словах ≈ by word of mouth, orally по словам ≈ according to smb. слово в слово ≈ word for word от слова до слова ≈ from beginning to end, word for word от слова к слову ≈ with every word одним словом ≈ in a/one word;
in short другими словами ≈ in other words своими словами ≈ in one's own words последними словами ≈ (ругаться) to curse in the choicest language с чужих слов ≈ (to know) from what others have told, (to report) what others have said со слов ≈ (to hear, to find out, to learn) from smb. слово за слово ≈ little by little;
one word led to another без лишних слов, без дальних слов ≈ without wasting words, without another word исконное слово ≈ aboriginal заглавное слово ≈ (словарной статьи) catchword, headword рифмованное слово ≈ catchword сложное слово ≈ compound, compound word, stem-compound линг. союзное слово ≈ connective word грам. коррелятивное слово ≈ correlative линг. производное слово ≈ derivative линг. определяющее слово ≈ determiner, determinative грам. уменьшительное слово ≈ diminutive двусложное слово ≈ dissyllable иностранное слово ≈ foreign term, (в языке) exotic вставное слово ≈ expletive непристойное слово ≈ four-letter word звукоподражательное слово ≈ imitative word односложное слово ≈ monosyllable многосложное слово ≈ multisyllable восьмисложное слово ≈ octosyllable разделительное слово ≈ partitive пятисложное слово ≈ pentasyllable меткое слово ≈ choice word
2) (речь на собрании) speech, address брать слово ≈ to take the floor (выступать с речью) просить слово ≈ to ask permission to speak, to ask for the floor предоставить слово, дать слово ≈ to give to smb. permission to speak, to give smb. the floor, to ask to speak лишать слова ≈ to take the floor away from smb., to cut smb. off, to cut smb. short заключительное слово ≈ concluding remarks мн. надгробное слово ≈ funeral oration ∙ держаться на честном слове ≈ to be hanging by a thread сказать свое слово ≈ to make smb.'s presence felt словом и делом ≈ in word and deed прощальное слово ≈ valedictory амер.

слов|о - с.
1. word;
вовремя сказанное ~ a word in season;
понимать без слов understand* without a word having been spoken;
ни ~а! not a word!;
моё ~ твёрдо when I say a thing, I mean it;
верить кому-л. на слово take* smb.`s word for it;
take* it trust;
романс на ~а Пушкина song to words from Pushkin;
на два ~а! may I have a word with you?;
мне надо сказать вам два ~а! a word in your ear!;

2. (речь, язык) language;

3.: просить ~a ask to speak, ask for the floor;
~ имеет господин Иванов Mister lvanov will now speak, Mister Ivanov has the floor;
~ за вами, теперь за вами ~ it is for you to decide;
последнее ~ за защитой the defence has the last word;
последнее ~ осталось за ним be had the last word;

4. (повествование) tale, story;
'Слово о полку Игореве' УThe Song of Igor`s CampaignФ;
~ в ~ word for word;
~ за слово one thing led to another;
на ~ах (устно) by word of mouth, только на ~ах in word only;
не на ~ах, а на деле е not merely in words but with deeds;
нет слов, чтобы выразить... words fail to express...;
я не нахожу слов, чтобы... I have no words to...;
слов нет (правда, конечно) there`s no denying, of course;
новое ~ в чем-л. fresh departure in smth., milestone in smth. ;
advance in smth. ;
к ~у (сказать) by the by;
к ~у пришлось but that`s by the way;
завод оборудован по последнему ~у техники the plant has all the latest equipment;

5. Слово Божие церк. The Word of God.

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > слово
109 herkommen

v/i (unreg., trennb., ist -ge-)

1. come (here); (sich nähern) approach; komm mal her ( zu mir)! come (over) here (to me)

2. herkommen von auch fig. come from; wo kommt er her? where does he come from?; ich weiß nicht, wo der Fleck / meine Unruhe herkommt I don’t know what caused the stain / why I feel uneasy, I don’t know where the stain / my uneasiness came from

* * *

to come; to originate

* * *
her|kom|men
vi sep irreg aux sein
to come here; (= sich nähern) to come, to approach; (= herstammen) to come from
komm her! — come here!

ich weiß nicht, wo das herkommt (was der Grund ist) — I don't know why it is, I don't know what the reason is

* * *

her|kom·men

vi irreg Hilfsverb: sein

1. (herbeikommen) to come here

kannst du mal \herkommen? can you come here a minute?

von wo kommst du denn so spät noch her? where have you come from at [or been until] this late hour?

2. (herstammen)

▪ von irgendwo \herkommen to come from somewhere

3. (hergenommen werden können)

▪ irgendwo \herkommen to come from somewhere

ich weiß beim besten Willen nicht, wo das Ersatzteil so schnell \herkommen soll I honestly don't know where I'm going to get my hands on the spare part so quickly

* * *
I
unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb; mit sein

1) come here

komm [mal] her! — come here!

2) (stammen) come
II
das; her

1) (Brauch, Sitte) tradition

2) s. Herkunft 1)

* * *

herkommen v/i (irr, trennb, ist -ge-)

1. come (here); (sich nähern) approach;

komm mal her (zu mir)! come (over) here (to me)

2.

herkommen von auch fig come from;

wo kommt er her? where does he come from?;

ich weiß nicht, wo der Fleck/meine Unruhe herkommt I don’t know what caused the stain/why I feel uneasy, I don’t know where the stain/my uneasiness came from

* * *
I
unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb; mit sein

1) come here

komm [mal] her! — come here!

2) (stammen) come
II
das; her

1) (Brauch, Sitte) tradition

2) s. Herkunft 1)

* * *

(von) v.

to come from v.

to come here expr.

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > herkommen
110 naprawdę

Ⅰ part. really, truly
- naprawdę nie wiem I really a. honestly don’t know

- naprawdę tani/duży really cheap/large

- naprawdę? really?

- naprawdę tak sądzisz? do you really think so?

- tak naprawdę actually, strictly speaking

- tak naprawdę to duchów nie ma actually a. in actual fact ghosts don’t exist

- tak naprawdę zapłacili mi 1000 złotych, a nie 900 they paid me 1,000 zlotys, not 900
Ⅱ adv. really
- tak mówią, ale jak było naprawdę, tego nikt nie wie that’s what they say, but who knows a. nobody knows what really happened

* * *

adv

really, truly

naprawdę? — really?

* * *

naprawdę

adv.

1. (= rzeczywiście, bardzo, zgodnie z prawdą) really, truly, genuinely; naprawdę piękny dzień a really fine day; co o tym naprawdę myślisz? what do you really think about it?; czyś ty naprawdę oszalał? have you really gone crazy?; ja ją naprawdę lubię I really like her; on jest naprawdę chory he is really sick.

2. (= prawdę mówiąc, w rzeczywistości) in (actual) fact, as a matter of fact, actually, to tell the truth; tak naprawdę nie nazywam się Brown in actual fact, my name isn't Brown; tak naprawdę to po prostu nie chce mi się tego robić to tell the truth, I simply don't feel like doing it.

3. (= w samej rzeczy) indeed; naprawdę? ( niedowierzanie) oh, really?, indeed?; byłem naprawdę zadowolony I was very happy indeed; on naprawdę dobrze gotuje he cooks very well indeed; to naprawdę dziwne that is indeed strange.

The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > naprawdę
111 hjerte

sg - hjértet, pl - hjérter

се́рдце с

* * *

core, heart, hub

* * *

(et -r) heart;

[ hjertens gerne (, god, lyst, mening etc)], se hjertensgerne etc;

[ hvad hjertet er fuldt af løber munden over med] out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaks;

[ han har ikke hjerte til at] he has not the heart to;

[ skyde hjertet op i livet] screw up one's courage, take one's courage in both hands;

[ tabe sit hjerte] lose one's heart ( til to);

[ det varmer mit hjerte] it does my heart good;

(se også bukser, god, hals, knuse, lette, skære (i), udgyde);

[ med præp:]

[ af hjertet, af hele sit hjerte] from the bottom of one's heart ( fx I love her from the bottom of my heart); with all one's heart ( fx I wish with all my heart that...);

[ af hjertens lyst] to one's heart's content, with a will;

[ have et hjerte af guld] have a heart of gold;

[ der faldt en sten fra mit hjerte] it was a load off my mind;

[ i sit ( inderste) hjerte] in one's heart (of hearts);

[ let (, tung) om hjertet] with a light (, heavy) heart;

[ jeg er tung om hjertet]

( også) my heart is heavy;

[ det greb mig om hjertet] it tugged (el. pulled) at my heartstrings;

[ det gør mig varm om hjertet] it does my heart good;

(se også blød);

[ jeg kan ikke bringe det over mit hjerte at] I have not the heart to;

[ have noget på hjerte]

( være bekymret) have something on one's mind;

[ hvad har du på hjerte?]

(dvs hvad ønsker du) what can I do for you? what have you got to say?

[ hvad der mest ligger mig på hjerte] what I have most at heart;

[ hånden på hjertet!] honestly! honour bright!

[ han har hjertet på rette sted] his heart is in the right place;

[ gå til hjertet] go (straight) to one's heart, move (el. stir) the heart;

[ det går mig meget nær til hjerte] I take it greatly to heart;

[ tage til sit hjerte] take to one's heart (el. bosom).

Danish-English dictionary > hjerte
112 ese

adj.

that, yon.

f.

1 zigzag (figura).

hacer eses to zigzag; (en carretera) to stagger about (al andar)

2 letter s.

* * *

ESE

► símbolo

1 ( estesudeste) east-southeast; (símbolo) ESE

* * *

= esa, adj.

that

- esos

* * *

ABR
= estesudeste ESE
* * *
I
femenino: name of the letter s

hacer eses — to zigzag (along)
II
esa adjetivo demostrativo (pl esos, esas) that; (pl) those

¿quién es el gordo ese? — (fam) who's that fat guy?

el coche ese que está allí — that car over there

* * *

= that.

Ex. It is important to know what police or fire responses are triggered by alarms and how that reaction can be aborted and the alarm silenced.

----

* además de eso = beyond that.

* a eso = thereto.

* con ese fin = to that end.

* con eso = thereto, by this.

* de ese modo = in this,, thereby.

* de eso = thereof.

* desde ese momento = from that point.

* después de eso = thereafter.

* en ese caso = in that case.

* en ese mismo instante = at that very moment.

* en ese mismo momento = at that very moment.

* en ese momento = at that point, just then, at that point in time.

* en ese sentido = to that effect.

* en esos casos = in those cases.

* en lo que a eso se refiere = on that score.

* esa época ya pasó hace tiempo = that time is long past.

* esa es la cuestión = herein lies the rub, there's the rub.

* esa es la dificultad = herein lies the rub, there's the rub.

* esa es la razón por la que = that is why.

* ese es el asunto = herein lies the rub, there's the rub.

* ese es el problema = herein lies the rub, there's the rub.

* ese tipo de cosas = that sort of thing.

* eso = that sort of thing.

* eso demuestra que = it (just) goes to show that.

* eso es = that's the ticket!.

* eso es casi todo = that's about it.

* eso es lo que toca = that's + Posesivo + lot (in life).

* esos = those.

* ¡eso se dice pronto! = easier said than done.

* hacer eses = zigzag.

* hasta ese momento = up to that point.

* justamente eso = just that.

* justo en ese momento = just then.

* más allá de eso = beyond that.

* ¡nada de eso! = no dice!.

* o eso parece = or so it seems.

* para eso = therefor.

* por encima de eso = beyond that.

* por esa razón = thereby, for that reason.

* por eso = on that score, therefore.

* por eso que = hence.

* si eso no es posible = failing that/these.

* simplemente eso = just that.

* si vamos a eso = for that matter.

* * *
I
femenino: name of the letter s

hacer eses — to zigzag (along)
II
esa adjetivo demostrativo (pl esos, esas) that; (pl) those

¿quién es el gordo ese? — (fam) who's that fat guy?

el coche ese que está allí — that car over there

* * *

= that.

Ex: It is important to know what police or fire responses are triggered by alarms and how that reaction can be aborted and the alarm silenced.

* además de eso = beyond that.

* a eso = thereto.

* con ese fin = to that end.

* con eso = thereto, by this.

* de ese modo = in this,, thereby.

* de eso = thereof.

* desde ese momento = from that point.

* después de eso = thereafter.

* en ese caso = in that case.

* en ese mismo instante = at that very moment.

* en ese mismo momento = at that very moment.

* en ese momento = at that point, just then, at that point in time.

* en ese sentido = to that effect.

* en esos casos = in those cases.

* en lo que a eso se refiere = on that score.

* esa época ya pasó hace tiempo = that time is long past.

* esa es la cuestión = herein lies the rub, there's the rub.

* esa es la dificultad = herein lies the rub, there's the rub.

* esa es la razón por la que = that is why.

* ese es el asunto = herein lies the rub, there's the rub.

* ese es el problema = herein lies the rub, there's the rub.

* ese tipo de cosas = that sort of thing.

* eso = that sort of thing.

* eso demuestra que = it (just) goes to show that.

* eso es = that's the ticket!.

* eso es casi todo = that's about it.

* eso es lo que toca = that's + Posesivo + lot (in life).

* esos = those.

* ¡eso se dice pronto! = easier said than done.

* hacer eses = zigzag.

* hasta ese momento = up to that point.

* justamente eso = just that.

* justo en ese momento = just then.

* más allá de eso = beyond that.

* ¡nada de eso! = no dice!.

* o eso parece = or so it seems.

* para eso = therefor.

* por encima de eso = beyond that.

* por esa razón = thereby, for that reason.

* por eso = on that score, therefore.

* por eso que = hence.

* si eso no es posible = failing that/these.

* simplemente eso = just that.

* si vamos a eso = for that matter.

* * *

ese¹

feminine

name of the letter S:

hacer eses to zigzag, zigzag along

ese² esa

adj dem

(pl esos, esas)

that; (pl) those

por esa época at around o about that time [usually indicates a pejorative or emphatic tone when placed after the noun] ¿quién es el gordo ese? ( fam) who's that fat guy?

el coche ese que está allí that car over there

* * *

Multiple Entries:
ese
ése
ese 1 sustantivo femenino: name of the letter s
ese 2,
◊ esa adj dem (pl esos, esas) that;

(pl) those;
◊ en ése país/esos países in that country/those countries

ése, ésa pron dem (pl ésos, ésas) The written accent may be omitted when there is no risk of confusion with the adjective
a) that one;

(pl) those;
ése or ese es el tuyo that (one) is yours;
prefiero ésos or esos I prefer those (ones);
usually indicates disapproval when used to refer to a person ésa or esa no sabe lo que dice (fam) she doesn't know what she's talking about
b)

◊ ésas (fam) (esas cosas, esos asuntos): ¡conque ésas or esas tenemos! so that's it!;

¡no me vengas con esas! don't give me that! (colloq)
ese f (letra) s
♦ Locuciones: hacer eses, to zigzag (about): ¡cuidado con ese coche!, va haciendo eses, be careful with that car! it's zigzagging about
ese,-a adj dem that
esos,-as, those
ése,-a pron dem m,f that one
ésos,-as, those (ones)
' ése' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
abertura
- abocada
- abocado
- afear
- agradar
- alcanzar
- alterna
- alterno
- amarga
- amargo
- amargura
- ancha
- ancho
- ápice
- arma
- baja
- bajo
- bien
- blandengue
- bloquear
- bofetada
- botón
- cacicada
- calibre
- callar
- camiseta
- capricho
- carnaza
- caso
- cielo
- coincidir
- collado
- colocar
- comer
- comecocos
- cómitre
- comprensible
- conminar
- corte
- curiosidad
- dar
- decir
- delicada
- delicado
- desafiar
- descalificar
- desconocimiento
- desgraciada
- desgraciado
- desmoronada
English:
arouse
- awesome
- barrel
- bend
- book
- bug
- calculate
- care
- case
- come by
- crook
- dead
- dinosaur
- disgust
- do
- dowdy
- election
- embargo
- essay
- exist
- faintly
- fit on
- flattering
- follow through
- fragile
- frumpy
- go
- honestly
- horror
- hurt
- inhibited
- key
- kind
- lend
- level
- lump
- madhouse
- mine
- misgiving
- moment
- nerve
- notice
- off-putting
- old
- one
- particular
- pay
- poverty
- regard
- resemblance

* * *

ese¹ nf
[figura] zigzag;
hacer eses [en carretera] to zigzag;
[al andar] to stagger about
ese², -a (pl esos, -as) adj demostrativo

1. [en general] [singular] that;
[plural] those;
esa corbata that tie;

ese regalo that present

2. Fam Pey [singular] that;
[plural] those;
el hombre ese no me inspira confianza I don't trust that man

ese³, -a (pl esos, -as) pron demostrativo Note that ese and its various forms can be written with an accent ( ése, ésa etc) when there is a risk of confusion with the adjective.

1. [en general] [singular] that one;
[plural] those (ones);
ponte otro vestido, ese no te queda bien put on another dress, that one doesn't suit you;

estos pasteles están muy buenos, pero esos me gustan más these cakes are very good but I like those (ones) better;

¡a ese! stop that man!

2. Fam [despectivo]
ese fue el que me pegó that's the one who hit me;

ese es un bocazas he's a bigmouth, he is

3. Comp

¿conque esas tenemos? so that's the deal, is it?;

ahora no me vengas con esas don't give me that nonsense now!;

ni por esas: ni por esas aceptó el cargo even then he didn't accept the job;

no me lo vendió ni por esas even then he wouldn't sell it to me

* * *

ese

1 f letter ‘s’;

ir haciendo eses zigzag

ese

2, esa, esos, esas det singular that; plural those;

eso mismo exactly that;

aun con eso even then

* * *

ese, esa adj, mpl esos : that, those

ése, ésa pron, mpl ésos : that one, those ones pl

* * *

ese adj that

ese mismo día that same day

Spanish-English dictionary > ese
113 mira

intj.

1 look, look here, listen, behold.

2 to tell you the truth.

f.

1 sight.

mira telescópica telescopic sight

2 intention.

con miras a with a view to, with the intention of

poner la mira o las miras en algo to set one's sights on something

3 aim, goal, intention, objective.

4 watchtower.

pres.indicat.

3^rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: mirar.

* * *

mira

► nombre femenino

1 (dispositivo) sight

2 figurado intention

■ no sé cuáles son sus miras en este asunto I don't know what his intentions are

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

con miras a with a view to

■ lo hizo con miras a montar un negocio he did it with a view to setting up a business

estrecho,-a de miras narrow-minded

tener sus miras en algo/alguien to have one's eye on something/somebody

mira telescópica telescopic sight

* * *

SF

1) (Mil, Téc) sight

- estar con o tener la mira puesta en algo

mira de bombardeo — bombsight

mira telescópica — telescopic sight

2) (=intención) aim, intention

con la mira de hacer algo — with the aim of doing sth

con miras a — with a view to

llevar una mira interesada — to have (only) one's own interests at heart

tener miras sobre algo/algn — to have designs on sth/sb

3) pl miras (=actitud)

corto de miras — narrow-minded

amplio o ancho de miras — (=tolerante) broad-minded

de miras estrechas — narrow-minded

4)

estar a la mira — to be on the lookout (de for)

5) (=torre) watchtower; (=puesto) lookout post

* * *

femenino

a) (Arm, Ópt) sight

b) (intención, objetivo)

con miras a reducir los gastos — with a view to reducing costs

tiene la mira puesta en ese cargo — he's set his sights on getting that job

sus miras son egoístas — his motives are selfish

encarar algo con amplitud de miras — to adopt a broad-minded approach to something

es muy estrecho de miras — he's very narrow-minded

* * *

= viewfinder, gun sight [gunsight].

Nota: De arma.

Ex. Animals give me more pleasure through the viewfinder of a camera than they ever did in the crosshairs of a gun sight.

Ex. Animals give me more pleasure through the viewfinder of a camera than they ever did in the crosshairs of a gun sight.

----

* en el blanco de mira = in the spotlight, in the crosshairs.

* en el punto de mira = in the spotlight, in the crosshairs.

* en + Posesivo + punto de mira = in + Posesivo + sights.

* mira telescópica = telescopic sight.

* * *

femenino

a) (Arm, Ópt) sight

b) (intención, objetivo)

con miras a reducir los gastos — with a view to reducing costs

tiene la mira puesta en ese cargo — he's set his sights on getting that job

sus miras son egoístas — his motives are selfish

encarar algo con amplitud de miras — to adopt a broad-minded approach to something

es muy estrecho de miras — he's very narrow-minded

* * *

= viewfinder, gun sight [gunsight].

Nota: De arma.

Ex: Animals give me more pleasure through the viewfinder of a camera than they ever did in the crosshairs of a gun sight.

Ex: Animals give me more pleasure through the viewfinder of a camera than they ever did in the crosshairs of a gun sight.

* en el blanco de mira = in the spotlight, in the crosshairs.

* en el punto de mira = in the spotlight, in the crosshairs.

* en + Posesivo + punto de mira = in + Posesivo + sights.

* mira telescópica = telescopic sight.

* * *

mira

feminine

A

1 ( Arm, Ópt) sight

mira telescópica telescopic sight

2

(intención, objetivo): con miras a reducir los gastos with a view to reducing costs

vino con la mira de quedarse unos días he came intending to stay o with the idea of staying (for) a few days

tiene la mira puesta en ese cargo he's set his sights on getting that job

sus miras son egoístas his motives are selfish

es de una estrechez de miras increíble she has an amazingly narrow o shortsighted outlook (on things)

hay que encarar el proyecto con amplitud de miras we have to adopt a broad-minded approach to the project

es muy estrecho de miras he's very narrow-minded

B

( RPl) (perspectiva): ¿están por terminar? — ¡ni miras! are you nearly finished? — nowhere near! o you must be joking! ( colloq)

llevan tres años de novios pero no tienen miras de casarse they've been going out for three years but they don't have any plans to marry

* * *

Del verbo mirar: ( conjugate mirar)

mira es:

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo

2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo

Multiple Entries:
mira
mirar
mira sustantivo femenino
a) (Arm, Ópt) sight;

b) (intención, objetivo):

◊ con miras a reducir los gastos with a view to reducing costs;

con la mira puesta en el porvenir with one's sight set on the future;
es muy estrecho de miras he's very narrow-minded
mirar ( conjugate mirar) verbo transitivo
1
a) (observar, contemplar) to look at;

◊ mira un cuadro to look at a picture;

no me mires así don't look at me like that;
mira a algn a los ojos to look sb in the eye;
se me quedó mirando he just stared at me;
miraba distraída por la ventana he was gazing absent-mindedly out of the window;
miraba cómo lo hacía he was watching how she did it;
ir a mira escaparates or (AmL) vidrieras to go window shopping
b) ‹programa/partido/televisión› to watch

2 ( fijarse) to look;
◊ ¡mira lo que has hecho! look what you've done!;

mira bien que esté apagado make sure o check it's off;
miré a ver si estaba listo I had a look to see if he was ready
3 ( considerar):
◊ míralo desde otro punto de vista look at it from another point of view;

lo mires por donde lo mires whatever o whichever way you look at it;
mirándolo bien ( pensándolo detenidamente) all things considered;

( pensándolo mejor) on second thoughts;
◊ mira a algn en menos to look down on sb;

mira mal a algn to disapprove of sb
4 (expresando incredulidad, irritación, etc):
◊ ¡mira que poner un plato de plástico en el horno …! honestly o really! imagine putting a plastic dish in the oven …! (colloq);

¡mira que eres tacaño! boy, you're mean! (colloq);
¡mira las veces que te lo habré dicho …! the times I've told you!
verbo intransitivo
1 ( en general) to look;
◊ he mirado por todas partes I've looked everywhere;

mira por la ventana to look out of the window;
¿miraste bien? did you have a good look?, did you look properly?;
mira atrás to look back
2 ( estar orientado) mira A/HACIA algo [ fachada] to face sth;
[terraza/habitación] to look out over sth, overlook sth;
◊ ponte mirando hacia la ventana stand (o sit etc) facing the window

3
◊ mirar por

a) ( preocuparse por) to think of

b) (Col) ( cuidar) to look after

mirarse verbo pronominal
a) ( refl) to look at oneself;

◊ mirase en el espejo to look at oneself in the mirror

b) ( recípr) to look at each other

mira sustantivo femenino
1 (pieza de instrumento o arma por donde se mira) sight
mira telescópica, telescopic sight
2 pref pl (intención) plan, intention, sight: hemos estado ahorrando con miras a mandar a Juan a la universidad, we've been saving to send Juan to the university
3 Téc levelling stave/staff/rod
mirar
I verbo transitivo
1 to look at: me miró con preocupación, he looked at me with concern
mirar una palabra en el diccionario, to look up a word in the dictionary
2 (examinar) to watch: miraba la película atentamente, she was watching the film carefully
míralo con atención, look at it carefully
3 (tener cuidado) mira bien con quién andas, be careful of the company you keep
II verbo intransitivo
1 (buscar) miraré en ese rincón, I'll have a look in that corner
2 (cuidar) to look after sb/sthg: mira por tus intereses, she is looking after your interests
3 (estar orientado) to face: la fachada mira al norte, the façade faces north ➣ Ver nota en ver
' mira' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
botija
- espanto
- hablar
- luego
- menear
- mirar
- tener
- venir
English:
be
- beauty
- bright
- eye
- fancy
- look
- look at
- side
- sight
- take
- watch
- about
- this
- what

* * *

mira nf

1. [en instrumento, arma] sight

Comp
mira telescópica telescopic sight
2. [intención, propósito] intention;

con miras a with a view to, with the intention of;

celebraron una reunión con miras a llegar a un acuerdo they held a meeting with a view to reaching an agreement;

se están preparando con miras a los Juegos Olímpicos they are training with a view to competing in the Olympic Games;

poner la mira o [m5] las miras en algo to set one's sights on sth;

Comp

ser amplio de miras to be enlightened;

Comp

ser corto de miras to be short-sighted

3. RP
miras [posibilidades] [m5] no hay ni miras de que podamos mudarnos antes del verano there's no chance whatsoever of us being able to move before the summer;

no tengo ni miras de que me aumenten el sueldo I haven't the slightest chance o prospect of getting a pay Br rise o US raise

* * *

mira

f

:

con miras a with a view to;

estar en el punto de mira de alguien be the focus of s.o.’s attention;

está en el punto de mira de los Lakers the Lakers have an eye on him

* * *

mira nf

1) : sight (of a firearm or instrument)

2) : aim, objective

con miras a: with the intention of, with a view to

de amplias miras: broad- minded

poner la mira en: to aim at, to aspire to

Spanish-English dictionary > mira
114 non

non [nɔ̃]

━━━━━━━━━

1. adverb

2. invariable masculine noun

3. compounds

━━━━━━━━━

1. <

   a. (réponse négative) no

• le connaissez-vous ? -- non do you know him? -- no

• est-elle chez elle ? -- non is she at home? -- no

• je ne dis pas non I wouldn't say no

• non et non ! no, no, no!

• répondre par non à toutes les questions to answer no to all the questions

• faire non de la tête to shake one's head

   b. (remplaçant une proposition) est-ce que c'est nécessaire ? -- je pense que non is that necessary? -- I don't think so

• je crains que non I'm afraid not

• je lui ai demandé s'il aimait le chocolat, il m'a répondu que non I asked him if he liked chocolate and he said he didn't

• je le crois -- moi non I believe him -- well, I don't

• il se demandait s'il irait ou non he wondered whether to go or not

• ah ça non ! certainly not!

   c. ( = pas) not

• c'est de la paresse et non de la prudence it's laziness, not caution

   d. (locutions) non loin d'ici not far from here

• non pas que j'aie peur, mais... not that I'm afraid, but...

• non sans raison not without reason

• non qu'il soit stupide, mais... not that he's stupid, but...

► non plus ( = ne plus) no longer ; ( = pas non plus) neither

• il y avait non plus trois mais quinze personnes there were now no longer three but fifteen people there

• ils sont désormais associés, et non plus rivaux they're no longer rivals but associates

• nous ne l'avons pas vu -- nous non plus we didn't see him -- neither did we

• il n'a pas compris lui non plus he didn't understand either► non mais ! (inf) oh for goodness sake! (inf)

• non mais des fois, tu me prends pour qui ? (inf) look here (inf), what do you take me for?

2. <

no

• il y a eu 30 non there were 30 noes

3. <

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► Nouns starting with non are hyphenated, eg non-agression, adjectives are not, eg non spécialisé.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► non-dit masculine noun unspoken fact

► non existant nonexistent

► non réclamé

• les objets non réclamés unclaimed items ► non-réponse feminine noun

• en cas de non-réponse if there is no reply ► non réservé

• toutes les places non réservées all the unreserved seats ► non spécialisé non-specialized

► non vérifié unverified

* * *

Note: En anglais la réponse no est généralement renforcée en reprenant le verbe utilisé pour poser la question: ‘tu es déçu?’ - ‘non’ = ‘are you disappointed?’ - ‘no, I'm not’; ‘est-ce que vous aimez les concombres?’ - ‘non’ = ‘do you like cucumber?’ - ‘no, I don't’
nɔ̃
1.

adverbe

1) ( marque le désaccord) no

répondez par oui ou par non — answer yes or no

ah, ça non! — definitely not!, no way! (colloq)

alors, c'est non? — so the answer is no?

dire or faire non de la tête — to shake one's head

2) ( remplace une proposition)

je pense que non — I don't think so

je te dis que non — no, I tell you

il paraît que non — apparently not

tu trouves ça drôle? moi non — do you think that's funny? I don't

3) ( dans une double négation)

non sans raison — not without reason

une situation non moins triste — an equally sad situation

4) (introduisant une rectification, nuance)

non (pas) que je sois d'accord — not that I agree

5) ( dans une alternative)

qu'il soit d'accord ou non — whether he agrees or not

6) (interrogatif, exclamatif)

c'est difficile, non? — ( n'est-ce pas) it's difficult, isn't it?

non? — ( de scepticisme) oh no?

non! — ( de surprise) no!

sois un peu plus poli, non mais! — (colloq) be a bit more polite, for heaven's sake!

7) ( avec adjectif) non

non alcoolisé — nonalcoholic

non négligeable — [somme] considerable; [rôle] important

objet non identifié — unidentified object

2.

nom masculin invariable

1) ( désaccord) no

un non catégorique — an emphatic no

2) ( vote négatif) ‘no’ vote

3.

non plus locution adverbiale

je ne suis pas d'accord non plus — I don't agree either

il n'a pas aimé le film, moi non plus — he didn't like the film and neither did I

4.

non(-) (in compounds)

non-agression — nonaggression

non-combattant — noncombatant

non-dissémination — nonproliferation

non-fumeur — nonsmoker

non-responsabilité — nonliability

non-syndiqué — non union member

* * *
nɔ̃ adv
1) (réponse) no

Tu as vu Jean-Pierre? - Non. — Have you seen Jean-Pierre? - No., Have you seen Jean-Pierre? - No, I haven't.

2) (remplaçant une proposition)

je pense que non — I don't think so

je préférerais que non — I would rather not

il se trouve que non — apparently not

Paul est venu, non? — Paul came, didn't he?

répondre que non — to say no

Je lui ai demandé s'il aimait le café, il m'a répondu que non. — I asked him if he liked coffee, he told me he didn't.

3) (= pas) (avec adjectif ou adverbe) not

non loin — not far

Non loin de là vivait un vieil homme. — Not far from there lived an old man.

non seulement — not only

Il est non seulement intelligent, mais aussi très gentil. — Not only is he intelligent, he's also very nice.

4) (autres locutions)

... non plus — not... either

Je n'y suis pas allé hier soir et je n'irai pas ce soir non plus. — I didn't go yesterday evening and I won't go this evening either.

"Je n'aime pas les hamburgers."- - "Moi non plus." — "I don't like hamburgers." - "Neither do I."

Il n'y est pas allé et moi non plus. — He didn't go and neither did I.

non pas que — not that

Non pas qu'il ait détesté le film: il est resté jusqu'au bout. — Not that he hated the film: he stayed till the end.

non mais! — well really!

non mais des fois! — you must be joking!

* * *

non

❢ En anglais la réponse no est généralement renforcée en reprenant le verbe utilisé pour poser la question: ‘tu es déçu?’-‘non’ = ‘are you disappointed?’-‘no, I'm not’; ‘est-ce que vous aimez les concombres?’-‘non’ = ‘do you like cucumber?’-‘no, I don't’.

A adv

1 ( marque le désaccord) no; mais non, je n'ai pas dit ça! no, that's not what I said!; ‘encore du café?’-‘je ne dis pas non’ ‘more coffee?’-‘I wouldn't say no’; non, non et non! absolutely not!; ah, ça non! definitely not!, no way○!; alors, c'est non? so the answer is no?; certes non not at all; non, assurément most certainly not; ‘il était content?’-‘que non○!’ ‘was he pleased?’-‘not at all!’; elle n'est pas contente, non she isn't at all pleased; dire or faire non de la tête to shake one's head; ⇒ oui;

2 ( remplace une proposition) je pense que non I don't think so, I think not; je te dis que non no, I tell you; il paraît que non apparently not; cela marche? elle affirme que non does it work? she claims it doesn't; tu trouves ça drôle? moi non do you think that's funny? I don't; ils ont tous aidé, lui non everyone helped, but he didn't; certains ont aimé, d'autres non some people liked it and some didn't;

3 ( dans une double négation) non sans raison not without reason; non sans mal or peine not without difficulty; non sans hésiter or hésitation not without hesitation; non loin de not far from; non moins difficile just as difficult; une situation non moins triste an equally sad situation;

4 (introduisant une rectification, nuance) j'ai vu non seulement lui mais encore elle I saw not only him but her too; non (pas) que je sois d'accord not that I agree; non pas 200 mais 2000 2000, not 200; elle est assez jolie, et non très belle she is quite pretty, rather than very beautiful; devant le café, ou plutôt non, dedans outside the café, or rather inside;

5 ( dans une alternative) qu'il soit d'accord ou non whether he agrees or not; malade ou non, je viendrai I'll come even if I'm ill; tu viens, oui ou non? are you coming or not?; va-t-il, oui ou non, accepter? will he accept or not?; plaisanterie ou non, cela ne m'a pas plu even if it was supposed to be a joke, I didn't like it;

6 (interrogatif, exclamatif) c'est difficile, non? ( n'est-ce pas) it's difficult, isn't it?; vous écrirez, non? you will write, won't you?; non? ( de scepticisme) oh no?; non! ( de surprise) no!; sois un peu plus poli, non mais ○! be a bit more polite, for heaven's sake!;

7 ( avec adjectif) non; non alcoolisé nonalcoholic; non négligeable [atout, somme] considerable; [rôle] important; augmentation non prévue unforeseen increase; objet non identifié unidentified object; peur non feinte genuine fear; les choses non dites things left unsaid; être déclaré non coupable to be found not guilty.

B nm inv

1 ( désaccord) no; ne dire ni oui ni non not to give a definite answer; répondre non to say no; dire non à la guerre to say ‘no’ to war; un non catégorique an emphatic no;

2 ( vote négatif) ‘no’ vote; il y a eu 60 non ( votes) there were 60 votes against ou 60 ‘no’ votes; répondez par oui ou par non answer yes or no; mon non est définitif no and that's final.

C non plus loc adv je ne suis pas d'accord non plus I don't agree either; il n'a pas aimé le film, moi non plus he didn't like the film and neither did I, he didn't like the film and I didn't either.

[nɔ̃] adverbe

1. [en réponse négative]

veux-tu venir? — non do you want to come? — no!

non merci! no, thank you!

mais non! no!, absolutely not!

mais non, voyons! no, of course not!

oh que non! definitely not!, certainly not!

ah ça non! definitely not!

ah non alors! oh no!

non, non et non! no, no and no again!

2. [pour annoncer ou renforcer la négation] no

non, je ne veux pas y aller no, I don't want to go there

3. [dans un tour elliptique]

il part demain, moi non he's leaving tomorrow, I'm not

que tu le veuilles ou non whether you like it or not

4. [comme complément du verbe]

il me semble que non I think not, I don't think so

il m'a demandé si c'était possible, je lui ai dit que non he asked me if it was possible, I told him it wasn't

il a fait signe que non

a. [de la main] he made a gesture of refusal

b. [de la tête] he shook his head

il paraît que non it would seem not, apparently not

5. [en corrélation avec 'pas']

non pas not

il l'a fait par gentillesse et non (pas) par intérêt he did it out of kindness and not out of self-interest

6. [n'est-ce pas]

il devait prendre une semaine de vacances, non? he was supposed to take a week's holiday, wasn't he?

c'est anormal, non that's not normal, is it?

j'ai le droit de dire ce que je pense, non? I am entitled to say what I think, am I not? (soutenu) ou aren't I?

7. [emploi expressif]

non! pas possible! no ou never! I don't believe it!

non mais (des fois)! honestly!, I ask you!

non mais celui-là, pour qui il se prend? who on earth does he think he is?

8. [devant un nom, un adjectif, un participe]

la non-observation du règlement failure to comply with the regulations

un bagage non réclamé an unclaimed piece of luggage

il a bénéficié d'une aide non négligeable he received not insubstantial help

————————

[nɔ̃] nom masculin invariable

1. [réponse] no

les non de la majorité the noes of the majority

2. INFORMATIQUE & MATHÉMATIQUES not

————————

non (pas) que locution conjonctive

(soutenu)

not that

non (pas) que je m'en méfie, mais... it's not that I don't trust him, but...

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > non

115 bonae

bŏnus (old form dŭonus, Carm. Sall. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 26 Mull.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 67 Mull.), a, um, adj. [for duonus, cf. bellum, bis, and cf. root dvi-; hence deidô, deos], good; comp. melior, us [cf. Gr. mala, mallon], better; sup. optimus ( optumus, ante-class. and often class.) [root opof ops, opes; cf. copia, apiscor], best.
I.
Attributively.
A.
As adjunct of nouns denoting persons.
1.
Vir bonus.
(α).
A man morally good (kalos kagathos):
quoniam boni me viri pauperant, improbi alunt,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 60:
omnibus virtutibus instructos et ornatos tum sapientes, tum viros bonos dicimus,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 10, 28:
ille vir bonus qui... intolerabili dolore lacerari potius quam aut officium prodat aut fidem,
id. Ac. 2, 8, 23:
sive vir bonus est is qui prodest quibus potest, nocet nemini, certe istum virum bonum non facile reperimus,
id. Off. 3, 15, 64:
qui se ita gerunt ut eorum probitas, fides, integritas, etc.... hos viros bonos... appellandos putemus,
id. Lael. 5, 19:
non intellegunt se de callido homine loqui, non de bono viro,
id. Att. 7, 2, 4:
ut quisque est vir optimus, ita difficillime esse alios improbos suspicatur,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4, § 12:
nec enim melior vir fuit Africano quisquam, nec clarior,
id. Lael. 2, 6; id. Leg. 1, 14, 41; 1, 18, 48; id. Planc. 4, 9; id. Par. 3, 1, 21; id. Marcell. 6, 20; id. Fam. 7, 21; id. Off. 2, 16, 57.—
(β).
An honest man:
justitia, ex qua viri boni nominantur,
Cic. Off. 1, 7, 21; 1, 44, 155; 2, 11, 39; 2, 12, 42; 2, 20, 71;
3, 12, 50: cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir bonus esset,
id. ib. 3, 19, 77:
quoniam Demosthenes nec vir bonus esset, nec bene meritus de civitate,
id. Opt. Gen. 7, 20; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116.—
(γ).
A man of good standing in the community:
id viri boni arbitratu deducetur,
Cato, R. R. 143; so id. ib. 149:
tuam partem viri bono arbitratu... dari oportet,
Dig. 17, 1, [p. 244] 35;
37, 6, 2, § 2: quem voles virum bonum nominato,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 55:
vir bonus est... quo res sponsore, et quo causae teste tenentur,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 40.—Hence, ironically of wealthy men:
praetores jus dicunt, aediles ludos parant, viri boni usuras perscribunt,
Cic. Att. 9, 12, 3.—
(δ).
Ironically of bad men:
sed eccum lenonem Lycum, bonum virum,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 52; Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 9; 4, 3, 18; id. Ad. 3, 4, 30:
expectabam quinam isti viri boni testes hujus manifesto deprehensi veneni dicerentur,
Cic. Cael. 26, 63:
nam socer ejus, vir multum bonus est,
id. Agr. 3, 3, 13;
so especially in addresses (mostly comic.): age tu, illuc procede, bone vir!
Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 1; id. Curc. 5, 2, 12; id. Ps. 4, 7, 48; id. Pers. 5, 2, 11; Ter. And. 3, 5, 10; 5, 2, 5; id. Ad. 4, 2, 17; id. Eun. 5, 2, 11:
quid tu, vir optime? Ecquid habes quod dicas?
Cic. Rosc. Am. 36, 104.—
(ε).
Sometimes boni viri = boni, in the sense of optimates (v. I. A. 3.):
bonis viris quid juris reliquit tribunatus C. Gracchi?
Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20.—
(ζ).
As a conventional courtesy:
homines optimi non intellegunt, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 25:
bone accusator,
id. Rosc. Am. 21, 58:
sic illum amicum vocasti, quomodo omnes candidatos bonos viros dicimus,
gentlemen, Sen. Ep. 3, 1.—For bonus vir, a good husband, v. 3.; and for vir optimus, as a laudatory epithet, v. 5.—
2.
Boni homines (rare) = boni, better classes of society, v. II. A. 3:
in foro infimo boni homines atque dites ambulant,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14.—
3.
With nouns denoting persons in regard to their functions, offices, occupations, and qualities, denoting excellence:
bonus consul,
Liv. 4, 40, 6; 22, 39, 2 (different: consules duos, bonos quidem, sed dumtaxat bonos, amisimus, consuls of good sentiments, almost = bad consuls, Cic. ad Brut. 1, 3, 4):
boni tribuni plebis,
Cic. Phil. 1, 10, 25:
bonus senator,
id. Prov. Cons. 15, 37:
senator bonus,
id. Dom. 4, 8:
bonus judex,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 15, § 34:
bonus augur (ironically),
id. Phil. 2, 32, 80:
bonus vates,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 27:
bonus imperator,
Sall. C. 60, 4:
bonus dux,
Quint. 12, 1, 43 (cf. trop.:
naturam, optimam ducem,
the best guide, Cic. Sen. 2, 5):
bonus miles,
Sall. C. 60, 4; Sen. Vit. Beat. 15, 5:
bonus orator,
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 10:
optimus orator,
id. Opt. Gen. 1, 3:
poeta bonus,
id. de Or. 1, 3, 11; 2, 46, 194; id. Fin. 1, 3, 10:
scriptor bonus,
Quint. 10, 1, 104:
bonus advocatus,
id. 5, 13, 10:
bonus defensor,
id. 5, 13, 3:
bonus altercator,
a good debater, id. 6, 4, 10:
bonus praeceptor,
id. 5, 13, 44; 10, 5, 22:
bonus gubernator,
Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 100:
optimus opifex,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 133:
sutor bonus,
id. ib. 1, 3, 125:
actor optimus,
Cic. Sest. 57, 122:
cantor optimus est modulator,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 130:
melior gladiator,
Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 33: agricola (colonus, dominus) bonus, Cato, R. R. prooem.; Cic. Sen. 16, 56:
bonus paterfamilias,
a thrifty head of the house, Nep. Att. 13, 1:
bonus servus,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 58; id. Am. 2, 1, 46; id. Men. 5, 6, 1; Cic. Mil. 22, 58:
dominus bonus,
Cato, R. R. 14:
bonus custos,
Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 38.—Ironically, Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 57:
filius bonus,
Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 9:
patres,
Quint. 11, 3, 178:
parens,
id. 6, prooem. 4: bonus (melior, optimus), viz. a good husband, Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 51 sq.; Liv. 1, 9, 15:
uxor melior,
Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52:
amicus,
id. Fam. 2, 15, 3:
amicus optimus,
Plaut. Cas. 3, 3, 18:
optimus testis,
Cic. Fam. 7, 27, 2:
auctor, in two senses,
good authority, id. Att. 5, 12, 3;
and = bonus scriptor (post-class.),
Quint. 10, 1, 74.—Esp.:
bonus civis (rarely civis bonus): in re publica ea velle quae tranquilla et honesta sint: talem enim solemus et sentire bonum civem et dicere, Cic.-Off. 1, 34, 124: eaque est summa ratio et sapientia boni civis, commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere,
id. ib. 2, 23, 83:
eum esse civem et fidelem et bonum,
Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 15; Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 2; 1, 9, 10; 3, 12, 1; 6, 6, 11; id. Off. 1, 44, 155; Liv. 22, 39, 3; Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 10 Dietsch:
optimus et fortissimus civis,
Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3; id. Sest. 17, 39.—
4.
Bonus and optimus as epithets of the gods.
(α).
In gen.:
sed te bonus Mercurius perdat,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 23:
fata... bonique divi,
Hor. C. 4, 2, 38:
divis orte bonis,
id. ib. 4, 5, 1:
O bone deus!
Scrib. Comp. 84 fin.: BONORVM DEORVM, Inscr. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 84: totidem, pater optime, dixi, Tu mihi da cives, referring to Jupiter, Ov. M. 7, 627.—
(β).
Optimus Maximus, a standing epithet of Jupiter:
(Juppiter) a majoribus nostris Optimus Maximus (nominatur), et quidem ante optimus, id est beneficentissimus, quam Maximus,
Cic. N. D. 2, 25, 64:
Jovem optimum et maximum ob eas res appellant, non quod, etc.,
id. ib. 3, 36, 87:
in templo Jovis Optimi Maximi,
id. Sest. 56, 129; id. Prov. Cons. 9, 22:
nutu Jovis Optimi Maximi,
id. Cat. 3, 9, 21; Liv. 1, 12, 7; id. 6, 16, 2.—
(γ).
Di boni, O di boni, expressing indignation, sorrow, or surprise:
di boni, hunc visitavi antidhac!
Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 16:
di boni, boni quid porto!
Ter. And. 2, 2, 1:
di boni, quid hoc morbi est,
id. Eun. 2, 1, 19; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 13; id. Ad. 3, 3, 86:
alter, O di boni, quam taeter incedebat!
Cic. Sest. 8, 19; id. Brut. 84, 288; id. Phil. 2, 8, 20; 2, 32, 80; id. Att. 1, 16, 5; 14, 21, 2; Val. Max. 3, 5, 1; Sen. Vit. Beat. 2, 3.—
(δ).
Bona Dea, etc., v. 6.—
5.
Optimus as a laudatory epithet.
(α).
Vir optimus:
per vos nobis, per optimos viros optimis civibus periculum inferre conantur,
Cic. Sest. 1, 2:
virum optimum et constantissimum M. Cispium,
id. ib. 35, 76:
fratrem meum, virum optimum, fortissimum,
id. ib.:
consolabor hos praesentes, viros optimos,
id. Balb. 19, 44; id. Planc. 21, 51; 23, 55; id. Mil. 14, 38; id. Marcell. 4, 10; id. Att. 5, 1, 5; Hor. S. 1, 6, 53.—
(β).
Femina bona, optima:
tua conjunx bona femina,
Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 16:
hujus sanctissimae feminae atque optimae pater,
id. ib. —
(γ).
Senex, pater, frater, etc.:
optimus: parentes ejus, prudentissimi atque optimi senis,
Cic. Planc. 41, 97:
insuevit pater optimus hoc me,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 105; 2, 1, 12:
C. Marcelli, fratris optimi,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 6; id. Q. Fr. 2, 6 (8), 2; 2, 4, 2.—
(δ).
With proper names ( poet.):
optimus Vergilius,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 54:
Maecenas optimus,
id. ib. 1, 5, 27:
optime Quinti,
id. Ep. 1, 16, 1.—
(ε).
Esp. as an epithet of the Roman emperors:
quid tam civile, tam senatorium quam illud, additum a nobis Optimi cognomen?
Plin. Pan. 2, 7:
gratias, inquit, ago, optime Princeps!
Sen. Tranq. 14. 4:
ex epistula optimi imperatoris Antonini,
Gai. Inst. 1, 102; cf.:
bene te patriae pater optime Caesar,
Ov. F. 2, 637:
optime Romulae Custos gentis,
Hor. C. 4, 5, 1.—
6.
Bonus and Bona, names of deities.
(α).
Bona Dea, the goddess of Chastity, whose temple could not be entered by males (cf. Macr. S. 1, 12; Lact. 1, 22):
Bonae Deae pulvinaribus,
Cic. Pis. 39, 95; id. Mil. 31, 86; id. Fam. 1, 9, 15; cf.
in mal. part.,
Juv. 2, 86 sq.; 6, 314 sq.; 6, 335 sq.—
(β).
Bonus Eventus, Varr. R. R. 1, 1 med.; Amm. 29, 6, 19; Inscr. Orell. 907; 1780 sq.—
(γ).
Bona Fortuna:
si bona Fortuna veniat, ne intromiseris,
Plaut. Aul. 1, 3, 22:
Bonae Fortunae (signum),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 7:
FORTVNAE BONAE DOMESTICAE,
Inscr. Orell. 1743 sq. —
(δ).
Bona Spes:
Spes Bona, obsecro, subventa mihi,
Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 12:
BONAE SPEI,
Aug. Inscr. Grut. 1075, 1.—
(ε).
BONA MENS, Inscr. Orell. 1818 sqq.:
Mens Bona, si qua dea es, tua me in sacraria dono,
Prop. 3, 24, 19.
B.
With nouns denoting things.
1.
Things concrete, denoting excellence:
navis bona dicitur non quae pretiosis coloribus picta est... sed stabilis et firma,
Sen. Ep. 76, 13:
gladium bonum dices, non cui auratus est balteus, etc., sed cui et ad secandum subtilis acies est, et, etc.,
id. ib. 76, 14:
id vinum erit lene et bono colore,
Cato, R. R. 109; Lucr. 2, 418; Ov. Am. 2, 7, 9:
tabulas... collocare in bono lumine,
Cic. Brut. 75, 261: ex quavis olea oleum... bonum fieri potest. Cato, R. R. 3:
per aestatem boves aquam bonam et liquidam bibant semper curato,
id. ib. 73; cf.:
bonae aquae, ironically compared to wine,
Prop. 2, 33 (3, 31), 28:
praedium bonum caelum habeat,
good temperature, Cato, R. R. 1:
bona tempestate,
in good weather, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 4:
(praedium) solo bono valeat,
by good soil, Cato, R. R. 1:
bonae (aedes) cum curantur male,
Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 24:
villam bonam,
Cic. Off. 3, 13, 55:
bonus pons,
Cat. 17, 5:
scyphi optimi (= optime facti),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 14, § 32:
perbona toreumata,
id. ib. 2, 4, 18, §
38: bona domicilia,
comfortable residences, id. N. D. 2, 37, 95:
agrum Meliorem nemo habet,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 12:
fundum meliorem,
Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52: fundos optimos et fructuosissimos, id. Agr. 3, 4, 14:
equus melior,
id. Inv. 1, 31, 52:
bona cena,
Cat. 13, 3:
boni nummi,
good, not counterfeit, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 144; Cic. Off. 3, 23, 91:
super omnia vultus accessere boni,
good looks, Ov. M. 8, 678:
mulier bona forma,
of a fine form, Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 13:
equus formae melioris,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 52:
tam bona cervix, simul ac jussero, demetur,
fine, beautiful, Suet. Calig. 33:
fruges bonae,
Cat. 34, 19:
ova suci melioris,
of better flavor, Hor. S. 2, 4, 13.— Trop.:
animus aequus optimum est aerumnae condimentum,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 71: bona dextra, a lucky hand (cf.:
bonum omen, 2. e.),
Quint. 6, 3, 69:
scio te bona esse voce, ne clama nimis,
good, sound, loud voice, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 43; so,
bona firmaque vox,
Quint. 11, 3, 13.—
2.
Things abstract.
a.
Of physical well-being:
ut si qui neget sine bona valetudine posse bene vivi,
Cic. Inv. 1, 51, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 2; Lucr. 3, 102; Val. Max. 2, 5, 6; Quint. 10, 3, 26; 11, 2, 35 et saep.:
non bonus somnus de prandio est,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 8:
bona aetas,
prime of life, Cic. Sen. 14, 48:
optima aetate,
id. Fam. 10, 3, 3.—Ironically:
bona, inquis, aetate, etc.,
Sen. Ep. 76, 1.—
b.
Of the mind and soul:
meliore esse sensu,
Cic. Sest. 21, 47:
optima indoles,
id. Fin. 5, 22, 61:
bona conscientia,
Quint. 6, 1, 33; 9, 2, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 5:
bono ingenio me esse ornatam quam auro multo mavolo,
with a good heart, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 91; id. Stich. 1, 21, 59; Sall. C. 10, 5:
mens melior,
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 78; Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13; Liv. 39, 16, 5; Sen. Ben. 1, 11, 4; id. Ep. 10, 4; Pers. 2, 8; Petr. 61.—Personified, Prop. 3 (4), 24, 19; Ov. Am. 1, 2, 31:
duos optimae indolis filios,
Val. Max. 5, 7, 2; Sen. Ben. 6, 16, 6; Quint. 1, 2, 5:
bonum consilium,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 6; id. Rud. 4, 3, 18; Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121:
bona voluntas,
a good purpose, Quint. 12, 11, 31:
memoria bona,
Cic. Att. 8, 4, 2:
bona ratio cum perdita... confligit,
id. Cat. 2, 11, 25:
bonae rationes,
Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 50:
pronuntiatio bona,
Auct. Her. 3, 15, 27.—
c.
Of moral relations:
ego si bonam famam mihi servasso, sat ero dives,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 71; Cic. Sest. 66, 139; Liv. 6, 11, 7; Hor. S. 1, 2, 61 (cf. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1;
v. e. infra): si ego in causa tam bona cessi tribuni plebis furori,
Cic. Sest. 16, 36; id. Planc. 36, 87; Ov. M. 5, 220:
fac, sis, bonae frugi sies,
of good, regular habits, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 35; id. Cas. 2, 4, 5; 2, 5, 19; id. Ps. 1, 5, 53; id. Truc. 1, 1, 13; id. Capt. 5, 2, 3 sq. (v. frux, II. B. 1. b.): vilicus disciplina bona utatur. Cato, R. R. 5:
bona studia,
moral pursuits, Auct. Her. 4, 17, 25:
quidquid vita meliore parasti,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 15: ad spem mortis melioris, an honorable death; so as an epithet of religious exercises:
Juppiter, te bonas preces precor,
Cato, R. R. 134; 139.—
d.
Of external, artistic, and literary value and usefulness:
bono usui estis nulli,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 15:
Optumo optume optumam operam das,
id. Am. 1, 1, 122:
bonam dedistis mihi operam,
a valuable service to me, id. Poen. 2, 3, 70; 3, 6, 11; id. Pers. 4, 7, 11; id. Rud. 3, 6, 11 (in a different sense: me bona opera aut mala Tibi inventurum esse auxilium argentarium, by fair or unfair means, id. Ps. 1, 1, 102;
v. e. infra): optima hereditas a patribus traditur liberis... gloria virtutis rerumque gestarum,
Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121:
bonum otium,
valuable leisure, Sall. C. 4, 1:
bonis versibus,
Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 74:
versus meliores,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 81:
meliora poemata,
Hor. A. P. 303:
in illa pro Ctesiphonte oratione longe optima,
Cic. Or. 8, 26:
optimas fabulas,
id. Off. 1, 31, 114:
melius munus,
id. Ac. 1, 2, 7.—
e.
Favorable, prosperous, lucky, fortunate:
de Procilio rumores non boni,
unfavorable rumors, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 5:
bona de Domitio, praeclara de Afranio fama est,
about their success in the war, id. ib. 7, 26, 1:
si fuisset in discipulo comparando meliore fortuna,
id. Pis. 29, 71; cf.
fortuna optima esse,
to be in the best pecuniary circumstances, id. ad Brut. 1, 1, 2:
occasio tam bona,
Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 9:
senex est eo meliore condicione quam adulesoens cum, etc.,
Cic. Sen. 19, 68; id. Fam. 4, 32:
bona navigatio,
id. N. D. 3, 34, 83;
esp. in phrase bona spes.—Object.: ergo in iis adulescentibus bonam spem esse dicemus et magnam indolem quos, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 117.—Subject.:
ego sum spe bona,
Cic. Fam. 12, 28, 3; id. Cat. 2, 11, 25; [p. 245] id. Att. 14, 1 a, 3; id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 16:
optima spe,
id. Fam. 12, 11, 2.—Pregn., = spes bonarum rerum, Sall. C. 21, 1;
v. C. 1. c. infra: meliora responsa,
more favorable, Liv. 7, 21, 6:
melior interpretatio,
Tac. H. 3, 65:
cum laude et bonis recordationibus,
id. A. 4, 38:
amnis Doctus iter melius,
i. e. less injurious, Hor. A. P. 68:
omen bonum,
a good, lucky omen, Cic. Pis. 13, 31; cf.
Liv. praef. § 13: melius omen,
Ov. F. 1, 221;
optimum,
Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 2:
bona scaeva,
Plaut. Stich. 5, 2, 24:
auspicio optumo,
id. ib. 3, 2, 6; cf.:
memini bene, sed meliore Tempore dicam = opportuniore tempore,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 68.—
f.
Of public affairs, si mihi bona re publica frui non licuerit, Cic. Mil. 34, 93:
optima res publica,
id. Or. 1, 1, 1; id. Phil. 1, 8, 19:
minus bonis temporibus,
id. Dom. 4, 8; so,
optimis temporibus,
id. Sest. 3, 6:
nostrae res meliore loco videbantur,
id. ad Brut. 1, 3, 1:
lex optima,
id. Pis. 16, 37; id. Sest. 64, 137; id. Phil, 1, 8, 19.—
g.
Good = large, considerable:
bono atque amplo lucro,
Plaut. Am. prol. 6:
bona librorum copia,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 109; cf.:
bona copia cornu,
Ov. M. 9, 88; v. bona pars, C. 8. g.—
h.
Noble; with genus, good family, noble extraction, honorable birth: quali me arbitraris genere prognatum? Eu. Bono, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 35; so id. Ep. 1, 2, 4; 2, 1, 3; id. Pers. 4, 4, 94:
si bono genere natus sit,
Auct. Her. 3, 7, 13.—
k.
Referring to good-will, kindness, faithfulness, in certain phrases.
(α).
Bona venia or cum bona venia, with the kind permission of a person addressed, especially bona venia orare, expetere, etc.:
primum abs te hoc bona venia expeto,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 31:
bona tua venia dixerim,
Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 34:
oravit bona venia Quirites, ne, etc.,
Liv. 7, 41, 3:
obsecro vos.. bona venia vestra liceat, etc.,
id. 6, 40, 10:
cum bona venia quaeso audiatis, etc.,
id. 29, 17, 6; Arn. c. Gent. 1, p. 5; cf.
. sed des veniam bonus oro = venia bona oro,
Hor. S. 2, 4, 5.—
(β).
Bona pax, without quarrelling:
bona pax sit potius,
let us have no quarrel about that, Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 7;
so especially cum bona pace, or bona pace: Hannibal ad Alpis cum bona pace incolentium... pervenit,
without a difficulty with the inhabitants, Liv. 21, 32, 6; 21, 24, 5; 1, 24, 3; 28, 37, 4; 8, 15, 1; cf.: si bonam (pacem) dederitis, = a fair peace, under acceptable conditions, id. 8, 21, 4.—
(γ).
Amicitia bona = bona fide servata, faithful, undisturbed friendship:
igitur amicitia Masinissae bona atque honesta nobis permansit,
Sall. J. 5, 5.—
(δ).
Bona societas, alliance:
Segestes, memoria bonae societatis, impavidus,
Tac. A. 1, 58.
C.
In particular phrases.
1.
Bonae res.
a.
= Vitae commoda, comforts of life, abstract or concrete:
concedatur bonis rebus homines morte privari,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 87:
optimis rebus usus est,
he had every most desirable thing, Nep. Att. 18, 1.—
b.
= Res secundae, opp. res adversae, prosperity:
bonis rebus tuis, meas irrides malas,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 45:
in bonis rebus,
Hor. C. 2, 3, 2. —
c.
Res bona = res familiaris bona, wealth ( poet.): in re bona esse, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4.—Also an object of value:
homines quibus mala abunde omnia erant, sed neque res neque spes bona ulla,
who had no property, nor the hope of any, Sall. C. 21, 1. —
d.
Costly things, articles of luxury:
capere urbem in Arabia plenam bonarum rerum,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 46; 4, 4, 82:
nimium rei bonae,
id. Stich. 2, 3, 55:
ignorantia bonarum rerum,
Nep. Ages. 8, 5 ' bonis rebus gaudere, Hor. S. 2, 6, 110:
re bona copiosum esse,
Gell. 16, 19, 7.—
e.
Moral, morally good:
illi cum res non bonas tractent,
Cic. Ac. 2, 33, 72:
ut de virtutibus et vitiis, omninoque de bonis rebus et malis quaererent,
id. ib. 1, 4, 15:
quid habemus in rebus bonis et malis explorati?
id. ib. 2, 42, 129; so id. Or. 1, 10, 42; id. Leg. 1, 22, 58:
quae tamen omnia dulciora fuint et moribus bonis et artibus,
id. Sen. 18, 65.—
f.
In literary composition, important or interesting matter, subjects, or questions:
res bonas verbis electis dictas quis non legat?
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 8:
studiis generorum, praesertim in re bona,
Plaut. Am. 8, 26.—
2.
Bonae artes.
(α).
A good, laudable way of dealing:
qui praeclari facinoris aut artis bonae famam quaerit,
Sall. C. 2, 9:
huic bonae artes desunt, dolis atque fallaciis contendit,
id. ib. 11, 2:
quod is bonarum artium cupiens erat,
Tac. A. 6, 46.—
(β).
Liberal arts and sciences:
litteris aut ulli bonae arti,
Quint. 12, 1, 7:
conservate civem bonarum artium, bonarum partium, bonorum virorum,
Cic. Sest. 32, 77. —Esp.:
optimae artes: optimarum artium scientia,
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 4; id. Ac. 2, 1, 1; id. Cael. 10, 24; id. Marcell. 1, 4.—
3.
Bona fides, or fides bona.
a.
Good faith, i. e. conscious honesty in acts or words: qui nummos fide bona solvit, who pays (the price of labor) in good faith, i. e. as it is honestly earned, Cato, R. R. 14:
dic, bona fide, tu id aurum non subripuisti?
Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 46; 4, 10, 47; id. Capt. 4, 2, 111; id. Most. 3, 1, 137; id. Poen. 1, 3, 30; id. Pers. 4, 3, 16; id. Ps. 4, 6, 33:
si tibi optima fide omnia concessit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 144; Quint. 10, 3, 23.—Hence, bonae fidei vir, a conscientious man, Quint. 10, 7, 1.—
b.
Jurid. t. t.
(α).
Good faith in contracts and legal acts in general, opposed to dolus malus, honesty and fairness in dealing with another:
ad fidem bonam statuit pertinere, notum esse emptori vitium quod nosset venditor,
Cic. Off. 3, 16, 67.—Hence, alienam rem bona fide emere, to buy, believing the seller to be the rightful owner, Dig. 41, 3, 10; 41, 3, 13, § 1. bonae fidei possessor (also possessio), believing that he is the rightful owner, ib. 5, 3, 25, § 11; 5, 3, 22; 41, 3, 15, § 2;
41, 3, 24: conventio contra bonam fidem et mores bonos,
ib. 16, 31, § 7: bonam fidem praestare, to be responsible for one ' s good faith, ib. 17, 1, 10 prooem.—Hence,
(β).
Bonae fidei actiones or judicia, actions in equity, i. e. certain classes of actions in which the strict civil law was set aside by the praetorian edict in favor of equity:
actiones quaedam bonae fidei sunt, quaedam stricti juris. Bonae fidei sunt haec: exempto vendito, locato conducto, etc.,
Just. Inst. 4, 6, 28, § 19.—In the republican time the praetor added in such actions to his formula for the judex the words ex fide bona, or, in full:
quidquid dare facere oportet ex fide bona,
Cic. Off. 3, 16, 66:
iste dolus malus et legibus erat vindicatus, et sine lege, judiciis in quibus additur ex fide bona,
id. ib. 3, 15, 61; cf. id. ib. 3, 17, 70.—
4.
Bona verba.
(α).
Kind words:
Bona verba quaeso,
Ter. And. 1, 2, 33.—
(β).
Words of good omen (v. omen):
dicamus bona verba,
Tib. 2, 2, 1:
dicite suffuso ter bona verba mero,
Ov. F. 2, 638.—
(γ).
Elegant or well-chosen expressions:
quid est tam furiosum quam verborum vel optimorum atque ornatissimorum sonitus inanis,
Cic. Or. 1, 12, 51:
verborum bonorum cursu,
id. Brut. 66, 233:
omnia verba sunt alicubi optima,
Quint. 10, 1, 9.—
(δ).
Moral sayings:
non est quod contemnas bona verba et bonis cogitationibus plena praecordia,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 1. —
5.
Bona dicta.
(α).
Polite, courteous language:
hoc petere me precario a vobis jussit leniter dictis bonis,
Plaut. Am. prol. 25.—
(β).
Witticisms ( bon-mots): flammam a sapiente facilius ore in ardente opprimi, quam bona dicta teneat, Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 2, 54, 222:
dico unum ridiculum dictum de dictis melioribus quibus solebam menstruales epulas ante adipiscier,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 22:
ibo intro ad libros ut discam de dictis melioribus,
id. Stich. 2, 3, 75.—
6.
Bona facta.
(α).
= bene facta (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.), laudable deeds:
nobilitas ambobus et majorum bona facta (sc. erant),
Tac. A. 3, 40.—
(β).
Bonum factum est, colloq., = bene est, bene factum est (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.):
bonum factum est, ut edicta servetis mea,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 16:
haec imperata quae sunt pro imperio histrico, bonum hercle factum (est) pro se quisque ut meminerit,
id. ib. 45.— Hence,
(γ).
Elliptically, introducing commands which cannot be enforced, = if you will do so, it will be well:
peregrinis in senatum allectis, libellus propositus est: bonum factum, ne quis senatori novo curiam monstrare velit,
Suet. Caes. 80:
et Chaldaeos edicere: bonum factum, ne Vitellius... usquam esset,
id. Vit. 14:
hac die Carthaginem vici: bonum factum, in Capitolium eamus, et deos supplicemus,
Aur. Vict. 49; cf.:
o edictum, cui adscribi non poterit bonum factum,
Tert. Pud. 1.—
7.
Bona gratia.
(α).
A friendly understanding:
cur non videmus inter nos haec potius cum bona Ut componantur gratia quam cum mala?
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17; so,
per gratiam bonam abire,
to part with good feelings, Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 33.—In jest: sine bona gratia abire, of things cast away, Plaut Truc. 2, 7, 15.—
(β).
Pleon., in the phrase bonam gratiam habere, = gratiam habere, to thank (v. B. 2. k.), Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 32; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 99.—
8.
Bona pars.
(α).
The well-disposed part of a body of persons:
ut plerumque fit, major pars (i. e. of the senate) meliorem vicit,
Liv. 21, 4, 1:
pars melior senatus ad meliora responsa trahere,
id. 7, 21, 6.—
(β).
The good party, i. e. the optimates (gen. in plur.):
civem bonarum partium,
Cic. Sest. 32, 77:
(fuit) meliorum partium aliquando,
id. Cael. 6, 13:
qui sibi gratiam melioris partis velit quaesitam,
Liv. 2, 44, 3.—Paronom.: (Roscius) semper partium in re publica tam quam in scaena optimarum, i. e. party and part in a drama, Cic. Sest. 56, 120.—
(γ).
Of things or persons, a considerable part (cf. a good deal):
bonam partem ad te adtulit,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 43:
bonam partem sermonis in hunc diem esse dilatam,
Cic. Or. 2, 3, 14:
bonam magnamque partem exercitus,
Val. Max. 5, 2, ext. 4:
bona pars noctium,
Quint. 12, 11, 19:
bona pars hominum,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 61:
meae vocis... bona pars,
id. C. 4, 2, 46; so id. A. P. 297; Ov. P. 1, 8, 74:
melior pars diei,
Verg. A. 9, 156.—
(δ).
Rarely, and mostly eccl. Lat.: optima pars, the best part or lot:
nostri melior pars animus est,
Sen. Q. N. 1, prooem. § 14; cf.:
quae pars optima est in homine,
best, most valuable, Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 67:
major pars aetatis, certe melior reipublicae data sit,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 18, 1:
Maria optimam partem elegit, quae non auferetur ab ea,
Vulg. Luc. 10, 42.—
(ε).
Adverb.:
bonam partem = ex magna parte,
Lucr. 6, 1249.—
(ζ).
Aliquem in optimam partem cognoscere, to know somebody from his most favorable side, Cic. Off. 2, 13, 46: aliquid in optimam partem accipere, to take something in good part, interpret it most favorably:
Caesar mihi ignoscit quod non venerim, seseque in optimam partem id accipere dicit,
id. Att. 10, 3 a, 2; id. ad Brut. 1, 2, 3:
quaeso ut hoc in bonam partem accipias,
id. Rosc. Am. 16, 45.—
9.
Dies bonus or bona.
(α).
A day of good omen, a fortunate day (= dies laetus, faustus):
tum tu igitur die bono, Aphrodisiis, addice, etc.,
Plaut. Poen. 2, 49:
nunc dicenda bona sunt bona verba die,
Ov. F. 1, 72.—
(β).
A beautiful, serene day, Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 3.—
10.
Bonus mos.
(α).
Boni mores, referring to individuals, good, decent, moral habits:
nihil est amabilius quam morum similitudo bonorum,
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 56:
nam hic nimium morbus mores invasit bonos,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 6:
domi militiaeque boni mores colebantur,
Sall. C. 9, 1:
propter ejus suavissimos et optimos mores,
Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13:
cum per tot annos matronae optimis moribus vixerint,
Liv. 34, 6, 9:
mores meliores,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 18.—
(β).
Bonus mos or boni mores, in the abstract, morality, the laws, rules of morality: ei vos morigerari mos bonu'st, it is a rule of morality that you should, etc., Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 4:
ex optimo more et sanctissima disciplina,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69:
neglegentia boni moris,
Sen. Ep. 97, 1.—Jurid. t. t.:
conventio, mandatum contra bonos mores,
in conflict with morality, Quint. 3, 1, 57; Dig. 16, 3, 1, § 7; Gai. Inst. 3, 157 et saep. —
11.
Adverbial phrases.
a.
Bono animo esse, or bonum animum habere.
(α).
To be of good cheer or courage:
bono animo es! Liberabit ille te homo,
Plaut. Merc 3, 1, 33; so id. Aul. 4, 10, 61; id. Mil. 4, 8, 32; id. Rud. 3, 3, 17; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 4; id. Heaut. 4, 6, 18; id. Ad. 2, 4, 20; 3, 5, 1; 4, 2, 4; 4, 5, 62; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 72:
animo bono es,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 103; id. Am. 2, 2, 48; 5, 2, 1:
bono animo es, inquit Scrofa, et fiscinam expedi,
Varr. R. R. 1, 26:
bono animo sint et tui et mei familiares,
Cic. Fam. 6, 18, 1; 6, 10, 29:
bono animo esse jubere eam consul,
Liv. 39, 13, 7:
habe modo bonum animum,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 58; so id. Am. 1, 3, 47; id. Truc. 2, 6, 44; id. Aul. 2, 2, 15:
habe animum bonum,
id. Cas. 2, 6, 35; id. Ep. 2, 2, 1; 4, 2, 31:
bonum animum habe,
Liv. 45, 8, 5:
clamor ortus ut bonum animum haberet,
id. 8, 32, 1; so Sen. Ep. 87, 38.—
(β).
Bono animo esse, or facere aliquid, to be of a good or friendly disposition, or to do with good, honest intentions:
audire jubet vos imperator histricus, bonoque ut animo sedeant in subselliis qui, etc.,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 5: sunt enim (consules) [p. 246] optimo animo, summo consilio, of the best disposition, Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 2:
bono te animo tum populus Romanus... dicere existimavit ea quae sentiebatis, sed, etc.,
id. Imp. Pomp. 19, 56:
quod nondum bono animo in populum Romanum viderentur,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; Quint. 7, 4, 15.—
(γ).
Bonus animus, good temper, patience:
bonus animus in mala re dimidium mali est,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 37:
vos etiam hoc animo meliore feratis,
Ov. M. 9, 433.—
b.
Bono modo.
(α).
= placide, with composure, moderation:
si quis quid deliquerit, pro noxa bono modo vindicet,
Cato, R. R. 5:
haec tibi tam sunt defendenda quam moenia, mihi autem bono modo, tantum quantum videbitur,
Cic. Ac. 2, 44, 137.—
(β).
In a decent manner:
neu quisquam prohibeto filium quin amet... quod bono fiat modo,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 62. —
c.
Jure optimo or optimo jure, with good, perfect right:
te ipse jure optumo incuses licet,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 23; id. Rud. 2, 6, 53:
ut jure optimo me deserere posses,
Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 6; Sen. Ot. Sap. 2 (29), 2.—With pass. or intr. verb, deservedly:
ne jure optimo irrideamur,
Cic. Off. 1, 31, 111; cf. id. ib. 1, 42, 151; id. Marcell. 1, 4;
similarly, optimo judicio,
Val. Max. 2, 9, 2.
II.
As subst.
A.
bŏnus, boni, m.; of persons.
1.
In sing. or plur. orig. = bonus vir, boni viri; v. I. A. 1. a. b, supra, a morally good man.
(α).
Plur.:
bonis quod bene fit haud perit,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 2; id. Capt. 2, 2, 108; id. Trin. 2, 1, 55; id. Pers. 4, 5, 2:
melius apud bonos quam apud fortunatos beneficium collocari puto,
Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71:
verum esse ut bonos boni diligant, quamobrem... bonis inter bonos quasi necessariam (esse) benevolentiam,
id. Lael. 14, 50:
diverso itinere malos a bonis loca taetra... habere,
Sall. C. 52, 13; 7, 2; 52, 22:
oderunt peccare boni virtutis amore,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 52:
tam bonis quam malis conduntur urbes,
Sen. Ben. 4, 28, 4; so id. Vit. Beat. 15, 6; Quint. 9, 2, 76.—Rarely bŏnae, arum, f., good women:
quia omnes bonos bonasque adcurare addecet, etc.,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 41.—
(β).
Sing.:
malus bonum malum esse volt ut sit sui similis,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 8:
nec enim cuique bono mali quidquam evenire potest,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 99; cf.:
qui meliorem audax vocet in jus,
Hor. S. 2, 5, 29.—
2.
Bonus, a man of honor.
(α).
A brave man:
pro qua (patria) quis bonus dubitet mortem oppetere si ei sit profuturus?
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 57:
libertatem quam nemo bonus nisi cum anima simul amittat,
Sall. C. 33, 5:
fortes creantur fortibus et bonis,
Hor. C. 4, 4, 29 (opp. ignavi):
fama impari boni atque ignavi erant,
Sall. J. 57, 6; 53, 8; id. C. 11, 2. —
(β).
A gentleman:
quis enim umquam, qui paululum modo bonorum consuetudinem nosset, litteras ad se ab amico missas... in medium protulit?
Cic. Phil. 2, 4, 7.—
3.
Boni, the better (i. e. higher) classes of society.
(α).
In gen. (of political sentiments, = optimates, opp. populares, seditiosi, perditi cives, etc.;
so usu. in Cic.): meam causam omnes boni proprie enixeque susceperant,
Cic. Sest. 16, 38:
audaces homines et perditi nutu impelluntur... boni, nescio quomodo, tardiores sunt, etc.,
id. ib. 47, 100:
ego Kal. Jan. senatum et bonos omnes legis agrariae... metu liberavi,
id. Pis. 2, 4:
etenim omnes boni, quantum in ipsis fuit, Caesarem occiderunt,
id. Phil. 2, 13, 29; id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; 5, 21, 2; id. Sest. 2, 5; 16, 36; 48, 103; id. Planc. 35, 86; id. Mil. 2, 5; id. Off. 2. 12, 43:
maledictis increpat omnes bonos,
Sall. C. 21, 4; 19, 2; 33, 3; Hirt. B. G. 8, 22; so,
optimi,
Cic. Leg. 3, 17, 37; and, ironically, boni identified with the rich:
bonorum, id est lautorum et locupletum,
id. Att. 8, 1, 3.—
(β).
Without reference to political views;
opp. vulgus (rare): nihil ego istos moror fatuos mores quibus boni dedecorant se,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 22:
semper in civitate quibus opes nullae sunt bonis invident,
Sall. C. 37, 3:
elatus est sine ulla pompa funeris, comitantibus omnibus bonis, maxima vulgi frequentia,
Nep. Att. 22, 2.—So, mĕlĭōres, um, m., one ' s betters:
ut quaestui habeant male loqui melioribus,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 13:
da locum melioribus,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 37.—
4.
Boni, bone, in addresses, as an expression of courtesy, Hor. S. 2, 2, 1; 2, 6, 51; 2, 6, 95; id. Ep. 2, 2, 37; ironice, id. S. 2, 3, 31.—
5.
Optimus quisque = quivis bonus, omnes boni.
(α).
Referring to morality:
esse aliquid natura pulcrum quod optimus quisque sequeretur,
every good man, Cic. Sen. 13, 43:
qui ita se gerebant ut sua consilia optimo cuique probarent, optimates habebantur,
id. Sest. 45, 96; id. Off. 1, 43, 154; id. Fin. 1, 7, 24; id. Sest. 54, 115; and = even the best:
quare deus optimum quemque mala valetudine adficit?
Sen. Prov. 4, 8.—
(β).
Of the educated classes:
adhibenda est quaedam reverentia adversus homines, et optimi cujusque et reliquorum,
Cic. Off. 1, 28, 99; cf. id. ib. 1, 25, 85:
Catilina plerisque consularibus, praeterea optumo cuique, litteras mittit,
Sall. C. 34, 2:
optimo cuique infesta libertas,
Sen. Ot. Sap. 8, 2 (32 fin.).—
(γ).
Honorable, brave:
optumus quisque cadere et sauciari, ceteris metus augeri,
Sall. J. 92, 8.—
(δ).
In gen., excellent:
optimus quisque facere quam dicere... malebat,
Sall. C. 8, 5.—
(ε).
Distributively:
ita imperium semper ad optumum quemque a minus bono transfertur,
to the best man in each instance, Sall. C. 2, 6.—
(ζ).
Referring to another superlative ( = quo quisque melior eo magis, etc.):
hic aditus laudis qui semper optimo cuique maxime patuit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 1; so id. Lael. 4, 14; id. Inv. 2, 11, 36; Sen. Vit. Beat. 18, 1.—
(η).
Attributively, with a noun:
optimam quamque causam,
Cic. Sest. 43, 93:
optima quaeque dies,
Verg. G. 3, 66.
2.
bŏnum, i, n., plur. bona; mĕlĭus, ōris, n.; optĭmum, i, n. (v. infra); of things in gen.
1.
Bonum, or plur. bona, a good, or goods in a moral and metaphysical sense, a moral good, a blessing: sunt autem hae de finibus defensae sententiae: nihil bonum nisi honestum, ut Stoici; nihil bonum nisi voluptatem, ut Epicurus;
nihil bonum nisi vacuitatem doloris, ut Hieronymus... tria genera bonorum, maxima animi, secunda corporis, externa tertia, ut Peripatetici, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 30, 84 sq.:
quid est igitur bonum? Si quid recte fit et honeste et cum virtute, id bene fieri vere dicitur, et quod rectum et honestum et cum virtute est, id solum opinor bonum,
id. Par. 1, 1, 9:
ut quis intellegat, quid sit illud simplex et verum bonum quod non possit ab honestate sejungi,
id. Ac. 1, 2, 7:
non-est igitur voluptas bonum,
id. Fin. 1, 11, 39: finis bonorum et malorum (telos agathôn) = summa bona et mala:
sunt nonnullae disciplinae quae, propositis bonorum et malorum finibus, officium omne pervertant. Nam qui summum bonum sic instituit ut, etc.,
id. Off. 1, 2, 5; cf. id. Par. 1, 3, 14; id. Ac. 2, 9, 29; 2, 36, 114; 2, 42, 129; id. Fin. 1, 9, 29; 1, 12, 42; id. Tusc. 4, 31, 66; Sen. Vit. Beat. 24, 5; id. Ep. 117, 1 et saep.—
2.
Bonum, what is valuable, beneficial, estimable, favorable, pleasant, physically or mentally:
quoi boni Tantum adfero quantum ipsus a diis optat,
Plaut. Capt. 4, 1, 9:
multa bona vobis volt facere,
will do you much good, id. Poen. 5, 4, 60; id. Am. prol. 43, 49; id. Pers. 4, 8, 4; 2, 3, 14; id. Cas. 2, 8, 32:
tum demum nostra intellegemus bona quom ea amisimus,
id. Capt. 1, 2, 33:
multa tibi di dent bona,
id. Poen. 1, 1, 80; cf. id. ib. 3, 3, 54; 3, 3, 74; id. Mil. 3, 1, 120; id. Men. 3, 3, 34; id. Pers. 4, 3, 23; id. Truc. 1, 2, 23; id. Merc. 1, 2, 40; id. Most. 1, 1, 47:
omnia Bona dicere,
to speak in the highest terms of one, Ter. And. 1, 1, 70:
sed ne vivus quidem bono caret, si eo non indiget,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 88:
cum quaecumque bona Peripateticis, eadem Stoicis commoda viderentur,
id. ib. 5, 41, 120:
nihil enim boni nosti,
nothing that is good for any thing, id. Phil. 2, 7, 16:
mala pro bonis legere dementia est,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 6, 1; Val. Max. 5, 3, ext. 3 fin.; Hor. S. 1, 2, 73:
quia bonum sit valere,
a good thing, Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 62 (cf. III. A. 5. infra):
melius: quo quidem haud scio an... quidquam melius sit homini a dis immortalibus datum,
id. Lael. 6, 20:
meliora... Aristotelem de istis rebus scripsisse,
id. Or. 1, 10, 43:
optimum: difficillimum est formam exponere optimi,
id. ib. 11, 36.— Here belongs the phrase boni consulere;
v. consulo.—So after prepositions: in bonum vertere, v. under verto: in melius ire,
to change for the better, Tac. A. 12, 68.—In the same sense: in melius aliquid referre, or reflectere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 281; 11, 426; 10, 632:
ad melius transcurrere,
to pass over to something better, Hor. S. 2, 2, 82.—
3.
Bonum or bona, prosperity:
fortiter malum qui patitur, idem post patitur bonum,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 58:
nulli est homini perpetuum bonum,
id. Curc. 1, 3, 33:
unā tecum bona, mala tolerabimus,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 23:
quibus in bonis fuerint et nunc quibus in malis sint, ostenditur ( = in secundis, in adversis rebus),
Cic. Inv. 1, 55, 107.—
4.
Good qualities, gifts:
omnia adsunt bona, quem penes'st virtus,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 30:
magnis illi et divinis bonis hanc licentiam adsequebantur,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148:
nisi qui se suā gravitate et castimoniā... tum etiam naturali quodam bono defenderet, etc.,
id. Cael. 5, 11:
hunc meā sententiā divinis quibusdam bonis instructum atque ornatum puto,
id. ib. 17, 39:
non intellego quod bonum cuiquam sit apud tales viros profuturum,
id. Balb. 28, 63:
gaude isto tuo tam excellenti bono,
id. Marcell. 6, 19; so id. Imp. Pomp. 16, 49.—
5.
Advantage, benefit:
si plus adipiscare, re explicatā, boni, quam addubitatā mali,
Cic. Off. 1, 24, 83:
saepe cogitavi bonine an mali plus adtulerit... eloquentiae studium,
id. Inv. 1, 1, 1; 2, 35, 106; id. Off. 2, 2, 5; id. Sest. 10, 24:
maximum bonum in celeritate ponebat,
Sall. C. 43, 4; so, bono publico (abl.), for the public good:
hoc ita si fit, publico fiat bono,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 183; Liv. 2, 44, 3; Dig. 41, 3, 1.—
6.
With aequum, what is fair and good, the fair ( thing), fairness, equity:
si bonum aequomque oras,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 149; so id. Pers. 3, 1, 71; id. Rud. 1, 2, 94; id. Men. 4, 2, 11:
si tu aliquam partem aequi bonique dixeris,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 32; id. Heaut. 4, 1, 29; id. Ad. 1, 1, 39:
a quo vivo nec praesens nec absens quidquam aequi bonique impetravit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 94.—Hence, aequo et bono, or ex aequo et bono, in ( with) fairness, in equity, Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 30; Auct. Her. 2, 10, 14; 2, 12, 18; 2, 13, 20; Gai. Inst. 3, 137: aequi bonique, as gen. of value, with facere:
istuc, Chreme, Aequi bonique facio,
I place a fair and proper value on it, Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 40.—
7.
Bona, one ' s property, fortunes, almost always denoting the whole of one's possessions.
a.
In gen.:
paterna oportet reddi filio bona,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 120:
bona sua med habiturum omnia,
id. Truc. 2, 4, 49; cf. id. ib. 2, 7, 6; 4, 2, 29; id. Rud. 2, 6, 22; id. Most. 1, 3, 77; id. Trin. 4, 4, 3; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 4:
bona mea diripiebantur atque ad consulem deferebantur,
Cic. Sest. 24, 54:
cum de capite, civis et de bonis proscriptio ferretur,
id. ib. 30, 65:
bona, fortunas, possessiones omnium,
id. Caecin. 13, 38:
at mulctantur bonis exsules,
id. Tusc. 5, 37, 106; id. Off. 2, 23, 81; id. Par. 1, 1, 7; id. Sest. 19, 42; 43, 94; 52, 111; id. Phil. 2, 26, 64; Caes. B. G. 7, 3; Liv. 2, 3, 5; 2, 5, 5; 4, 15, 8; Tac. A. 2, 48; Quint. 6, 1, 19 et saep.—
b.
Bonorum possessio, the possession of one ' s property by another.
(α).
Bonorum possessio in consequence of bonorum cessio, i. e. an assignment of one ' s property for the benefit of creditors, Dig. 42, tit. 3.—
(β).
Bonorum possessio granted by the prætor against a contumacious or insolvent debtor (in bona mittere, in bona ire jubere, bona possidere jubere, etc.); cf. Dig. 42, tit. 4:
postulat a Burrieno Naevius ut ex edicto bona possidere liceat,
Cic. Quint. 6, 25, and the whole of c. 8:
edixit... neu quis militis... bona possideret aut venderet,
Liv. 2, 24, 6:
bona proscribere,
to offer the property thus transferred for sale, Cic. Quint. 6, 25.—
(γ).
Chiefly referring to the property of a defunct person (hereditas), where the prætor, till the heir had proved his right, granted a bonorum possessio secundum tabulas or contra tabulas, Dig. 37, tit. 4; 37, tit. 11.—
c.
In bonis esse;
with reference to the older civil law, which distinguished between civil property (habere rem ex jure Quiritium) and natural property (rem in bonis habere, res in bonis est),
Gai. Inst. 2, 40, 41; Dig. 40, 12, 38, § 2; 37, 6, 2, § 1; 37, 6, 3, § 2; ib. Fragm. 1, 16; Gai. Inst. 1, 22; 1, 35; 1, 222; 1, 167; Dig. 1, 8, 1; 27, 10, 10:
neque bonorum possessorum, neque... res pleno jure fiunt, sed in bonis efficiuntur,
ib. Fragm. 3, 80.—Hence, nullam omnino arbitrabamur de eā hereditate controversiam eum habiturum, et est hodie in bonis, i. e. [p. 247] the bonorum possessio has been granted to him, which did not give full ownership, but effected only that the hereditas was in bonis. Cic. Fam. 13, 30, 1.
III.
Predicative use.
A.
With nouns or pronouns as subjects.
1.
Bonum esse, to be morally good, honest:
nunc mihi bonae necessum est esse ingratiis, Quamquam esse nolo,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 82:
bonam ego quam beatam me esse nimio dici mavolo,
id. Poen. 1, 2, 93; so id. Capt. 2, 1, 44; id. Men. 4, 2, 6; id. Rud. prol. 29:
itaque viros fortes magnanimos eosdem, bonos et simplices... esse volumus,
Cic. Off. 1, 19, 63; cf. id. ib. 3, 21, 84; id. Att. 15, 6, 1:
Cato esse quam videri bonus malebat,
Sall. C. 54, 5:
ut politiora, non ut meliora fiant ingenia,
Val. Max. 5, 4, ext. 5 fin. —
2.
To be beneficial, prosperous, advantageous, valuable, favorable, serviceable, correct, with reference to both persons and things as subjects, and in regard to physical and mental relations:
jam istuc non bonumst,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 29; Cato, R. R. 157:
oleum viridius et melius fiet,
id. ib. 3:
vinum ut alvum bonam faciat,
to correct the bowels, id. ib. 156:
quid est homini salute melius?
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 127:
non optuma haec sunt, verum meliora quam deterruma,
id. Trin. 2, 3, 1:
quid est quod huc possit quod melius sit accedere?
Cic. Fin. 1, 12, 41; 1, 18, 57; id. Tusc. 1, 41, 99:
in quo (vestitu), sicut in plerisque rebus, mediocritas optima est,
id. Off. 1, 36, 130; 2, 17, 59; id. Inv. 1, 31, 51; id. Or. 2, 6; 11, 36:
meliorem tamen militem... in futura proelia id certamen fecit,
Liv. 2, 51, 3:
parvus ut est cygni melior canor, ille gruum quam Clamor,
Lucr. 4, 181; 4, 191:
si meliora dies, ut vina, poemata reddit,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 34.—So in the optative formula:
quod bonum, faustum, felixque sit,
Liv. 1, 28, 7; 1, 17, 10; 39, 15, 1; 3, 54;
3, 34.—Also, quod bonum atque fortunatum mihi sit,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 50;
and with a noun as subject: ut nobis haec habitatio Bona, fausta, felix, fortunataque evenat,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 3.—
3.
To be kind:
bonus cum probis'st (erus), malus cum malis,
Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 22:
hic si vellet bonus ac benignus Esse,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 52.—
4.
With reference to the gods:
ecastor ambae (Fortuna et Salus sunt bonae,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 129:
Palladis aut oculos ausa negare bonos (esse),
Prop. 3, 24, 12 (2, 28, 12).—
B.
Impers.
1.
Bonum est (very rare for the class. bene est; v. bene).
(α).
Without a subject:
bonum sit!
may it be fortunate, favorable! Verg. E. 8, 106.—
(β).
With subject inf.:
nam et stulte facere, et stulte fabularier in aetate haud bonum est,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 61:
bonum est pauxillum amare, insane non bonum est,
id. Curc. 1, 3,20.—
2.
Melius est.
(α).
With subject inf.:
melius sanam est mentem sumere,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 51:
nihil sentire est melius quam tam prava sentire,
Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125; cf. id. Fin. 1, 19, 62; id. Off. 1, 43, 156; so,
melius fuit, fuisset, or fuerat,
it would have been better, id. N. D. 3, 33; id. Sen. 23, 82; id. Off. 3, 25, 94:
proinde quiesse erit melius,
Liv. 3, 48, 3; 3, 41, 3; Verg. A. 11, 303.—
(β).
With subject inf.-clause:
meliu'st te quae sunt mandata tibi praevortier,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 125; id. Men. 5, 9, 32.—
(γ).
With ut-clause:
quid melius quam ut hinc intro abeam et me suspendam clanculum,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 145; so id. Ps. 4, 7, 18.—
(δ).
With subjectclause in the subjunctive:
nunc quid mihi meliu'st quam ilico hic opperiar erum,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 22.—
3.
Optimum est.
(α).
With subject inf.:
optimum visum est, captivos quam primum deportare,
Liv. 23, 34, 8:
si quis dicit optimum esse navigare,
Sen. Ot. Sap. 8, 4 (32 fin.); so, optimum fuit, it would have been better, and optimum erat, it would be better, Quint. 6, prooem. 3; 11, 2, 33; Hor. S. 2, 1, 7.—
(β).
With inf.-clause:
constituerunt optimum esse, domum suam quemque reverti,
Caes. B. G. 2, 10: optimum visum est, in fluctuantem aciem tradi equos, etc., Liv 6, 24, 10; 22, 27, 6.—
(γ).
With ut and subj:
hoc vero optimum, ut is qui, etc., id ultimum bonorum, id ipsum quid et quale sit nesciat,
Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 6.—
(δ).
With quod:
illa vero optima (sunt) quod cum Haluntium venisset Archagathum vocari jussit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 51:
optimum vero (est) quod dictaturae nomen in perpetuum de re publica sustulisti,
id. Phil. 2, 36, 91.—
(ε).
With second sup., in the phrase optumum factu est (where factu is redundant):
sed hoc mihi optumum factu arbitror,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 16:
optimum factu esse duxerant frumento... nostros prohibere,
Caes. B. G. 4, 30:
optumum factu credens exercitum augere,
Sall. C. 32, 1 (Kritz, factum); 57, 5 (Kritz, factum).
IV.
Ellipt. use: di meliora, i. e. dent or velint, i. e. let the gods grant better things than what you say, etc.; God forbid! in full:
di melius duint,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 16:
di meliora velint!
Ov. M. 7, 37.—Ellipt.:
di meliora! inquit,
Cic. Sen. 14, 47:
id ubi mulier audivit, perturbata, dii meliora inquit, etc.,
Liv. 39, 10, 2; 9, 9, 6; Verg. G. 3, 513;
similarly, di melius, i. e. fecerunt,
Val. Max. 6, 1, ext. 3.
V.
With object expressed,
1.
By dat.
(α).
= good, useful, beneficial for:
ambula, id lieni optumum est,
Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 25:
quia vobis eadem quae mihi bona malaque esse intellexi,
Sall. C. 20, 3:
bona bello Cornus, jaculis, etc.,
Verg. G. 2, 447.—
(β).
= benignus or propitius, kind to:
vicinis bonus esto,
Cato, R. R. 4:
bene merenti mala es, male merenti bona es,
Plaut. As. 1, 2, 3:
vos o mihi Manes, Este boni,
Verg. A. 12, 647.—
(γ).
= idoneus, fit for, adapted to:
qui locus vino optimus dicetur esse,
Cato, R. R. 6:
tum erit ei rei optumum tempus,
id. ib. 26:
terra cui putre solum, Optima frumentis,
Verg. G. 2, 205; 2, 319; 1, 286.—
(δ).
With sum and dat., in the phrase alicui bono est, it is of service to one, profits him:
accusant in quibus occidi patrem Sex. Roscii bono fuit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 13:
bono fuisse Romanis adventum eorum constabat,
Liv. 7, 12, 4.—Hence, with rel. dat.: cui bono (est), for whose advantage it is:
quod si quis usurpet illud Cassianum cui bono fuerit, etc.,
Cic. Phil. 2, 14, 35:
cui bono fuisset,
id. Rosc. Am. 30, 84; id. Mil. 12, 32 Ascon. ad loc.; cf.
ellipt. form cui bono?
Prisc. p. 1208 P.—
(ε).
With dat. gerund:
ager oleto conserundo qui in Favonium spectavit, aliis bonus nullus erit,
Cato, R. R. 6; Varr. R. R. 1, 24:
(mons) quia pecori bonus alendo erat,
Liv. 29, 31; 9, 10.—
2.
By ad and acc.:
refert et ad quam rem bona aut non bona sit,
Varr. R. R. 1, 91:
occasio quaeritur idoneane fuerit ad rem adoriendam, an alia melior,
Auct. Her. 2, 4, 7:
non campos modo militi Romano ad proelium bonos, etc.,
Tac. A. 2, 14.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > bonae

116 bonus

bŏnus (old form dŭonus, Carm. Sall. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 26 Mull.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 67 Mull.), a, um, adj. [for duonus, cf. bellum, bis, and cf. root dvi-; hence deidô, deos], good; comp. melior, us [cf. Gr. mala, mallon], better; sup. optimus ( optumus, ante-class. and often class.) [root opof ops, opes; cf. copia, apiscor], best.
I.
Attributively.
A.
As adjunct of nouns denoting persons.
1.
Vir bonus.
(α).
A man morally good (kalos kagathos):
quoniam boni me viri pauperant, improbi alunt,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 60:
omnibus virtutibus instructos et ornatos tum sapientes, tum viros bonos dicimus,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 10, 28:
ille vir bonus qui... intolerabili dolore lacerari potius quam aut officium prodat aut fidem,
id. Ac. 2, 8, 23:
sive vir bonus est is qui prodest quibus potest, nocet nemini, certe istum virum bonum non facile reperimus,
id. Off. 3, 15, 64:
qui se ita gerunt ut eorum probitas, fides, integritas, etc.... hos viros bonos... appellandos putemus,
id. Lael. 5, 19:
non intellegunt se de callido homine loqui, non de bono viro,
id. Att. 7, 2, 4:
ut quisque est vir optimus, ita difficillime esse alios improbos suspicatur,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4, § 12:
nec enim melior vir fuit Africano quisquam, nec clarior,
id. Lael. 2, 6; id. Leg. 1, 14, 41; 1, 18, 48; id. Planc. 4, 9; id. Par. 3, 1, 21; id. Marcell. 6, 20; id. Fam. 7, 21; id. Off. 2, 16, 57.—
(β).
An honest man:
justitia, ex qua viri boni nominantur,
Cic. Off. 1, 7, 21; 1, 44, 155; 2, 11, 39; 2, 12, 42; 2, 20, 71;
3, 12, 50: cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir bonus esset,
id. ib. 3, 19, 77:
quoniam Demosthenes nec vir bonus esset, nec bene meritus de civitate,
id. Opt. Gen. 7, 20; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116.—
(γ).
A man of good standing in the community:
id viri boni arbitratu deducetur,
Cato, R. R. 143; so id. ib. 149:
tuam partem viri bono arbitratu... dari oportet,
Dig. 17, 1, [p. 244] 35;
37, 6, 2, § 2: quem voles virum bonum nominato,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 55:
vir bonus est... quo res sponsore, et quo causae teste tenentur,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 40.—Hence, ironically of wealthy men:
praetores jus dicunt, aediles ludos parant, viri boni usuras perscribunt,
Cic. Att. 9, 12, 3.—
(δ).
Ironically of bad men:
sed eccum lenonem Lycum, bonum virum,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 52; Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 9; 4, 3, 18; id. Ad. 3, 4, 30:
expectabam quinam isti viri boni testes hujus manifesto deprehensi veneni dicerentur,
Cic. Cael. 26, 63:
nam socer ejus, vir multum bonus est,
id. Agr. 3, 3, 13;
so especially in addresses (mostly comic.): age tu, illuc procede, bone vir!
Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 1; id. Curc. 5, 2, 12; id. Ps. 4, 7, 48; id. Pers. 5, 2, 11; Ter. And. 3, 5, 10; 5, 2, 5; id. Ad. 4, 2, 17; id. Eun. 5, 2, 11:
quid tu, vir optime? Ecquid habes quod dicas?
Cic. Rosc. Am. 36, 104.—
(ε).
Sometimes boni viri = boni, in the sense of optimates (v. I. A. 3.):
bonis viris quid juris reliquit tribunatus C. Gracchi?
Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20.—
(ζ).
As a conventional courtesy:
homines optimi non intellegunt, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 25:
bone accusator,
id. Rosc. Am. 21, 58:
sic illum amicum vocasti, quomodo omnes candidatos bonos viros dicimus,
gentlemen, Sen. Ep. 3, 1.—For bonus vir, a good husband, v. 3.; and for vir optimus, as a laudatory epithet, v. 5.—
2.
Boni homines (rare) = boni, better classes of society, v. II. A. 3:
in foro infimo boni homines atque dites ambulant,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14.—
3.
With nouns denoting persons in regard to their functions, offices, occupations, and qualities, denoting excellence:
bonus consul,
Liv. 4, 40, 6; 22, 39, 2 (different: consules duos, bonos quidem, sed dumtaxat bonos, amisimus, consuls of good sentiments, almost = bad consuls, Cic. ad Brut. 1, 3, 4):
boni tribuni plebis,
Cic. Phil. 1, 10, 25:
bonus senator,
id. Prov. Cons. 15, 37:
senator bonus,
id. Dom. 4, 8:
bonus judex,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 15, § 34:
bonus augur (ironically),
id. Phil. 2, 32, 80:
bonus vates,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 27:
bonus imperator,
Sall. C. 60, 4:
bonus dux,
Quint. 12, 1, 43 (cf. trop.:
naturam, optimam ducem,
the best guide, Cic. Sen. 2, 5):
bonus miles,
Sall. C. 60, 4; Sen. Vit. Beat. 15, 5:
bonus orator,
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 10:
optimus orator,
id. Opt. Gen. 1, 3:
poeta bonus,
id. de Or. 1, 3, 11; 2, 46, 194; id. Fin. 1, 3, 10:
scriptor bonus,
Quint. 10, 1, 104:
bonus advocatus,
id. 5, 13, 10:
bonus defensor,
id. 5, 13, 3:
bonus altercator,
a good debater, id. 6, 4, 10:
bonus praeceptor,
id. 5, 13, 44; 10, 5, 22:
bonus gubernator,
Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 100:
optimus opifex,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 133:
sutor bonus,
id. ib. 1, 3, 125:
actor optimus,
Cic. Sest. 57, 122:
cantor optimus est modulator,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 130:
melior gladiator,
Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 33: agricola (colonus, dominus) bonus, Cato, R. R. prooem.; Cic. Sen. 16, 56:
bonus paterfamilias,
a thrifty head of the house, Nep. Att. 13, 1:
bonus servus,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 58; id. Am. 2, 1, 46; id. Men. 5, 6, 1; Cic. Mil. 22, 58:
dominus bonus,
Cato, R. R. 14:
bonus custos,
Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 38.—Ironically, Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 57:
filius bonus,
Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 9:
patres,
Quint. 11, 3, 178:
parens,
id. 6, prooem. 4: bonus (melior, optimus), viz. a good husband, Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 51 sq.; Liv. 1, 9, 15:
uxor melior,
Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52:
amicus,
id. Fam. 2, 15, 3:
amicus optimus,
Plaut. Cas. 3, 3, 18:
optimus testis,
Cic. Fam. 7, 27, 2:
auctor, in two senses,
good authority, id. Att. 5, 12, 3;
and = bonus scriptor (post-class.),
Quint. 10, 1, 74.—Esp.:
bonus civis (rarely civis bonus): in re publica ea velle quae tranquilla et honesta sint: talem enim solemus et sentire bonum civem et dicere, Cic.-Off. 1, 34, 124: eaque est summa ratio et sapientia boni civis, commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere,
id. ib. 2, 23, 83:
eum esse civem et fidelem et bonum,
Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 15; Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 2; 1, 9, 10; 3, 12, 1; 6, 6, 11; id. Off. 1, 44, 155; Liv. 22, 39, 3; Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 10 Dietsch:
optimus et fortissimus civis,
Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3; id. Sest. 17, 39.—
4.
Bonus and optimus as epithets of the gods.
(α).
In gen.:
sed te bonus Mercurius perdat,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 23:
fata... bonique divi,
Hor. C. 4, 2, 38:
divis orte bonis,
id. ib. 4, 5, 1:
O bone deus!
Scrib. Comp. 84 fin.: BONORVM DEORVM, Inscr. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 84: totidem, pater optime, dixi, Tu mihi da cives, referring to Jupiter, Ov. M. 7, 627.—
(β).
Optimus Maximus, a standing epithet of Jupiter:
(Juppiter) a majoribus nostris Optimus Maximus (nominatur), et quidem ante optimus, id est beneficentissimus, quam Maximus,
Cic. N. D. 2, 25, 64:
Jovem optimum et maximum ob eas res appellant, non quod, etc.,
id. ib. 3, 36, 87:
in templo Jovis Optimi Maximi,
id. Sest. 56, 129; id. Prov. Cons. 9, 22:
nutu Jovis Optimi Maximi,
id. Cat. 3, 9, 21; Liv. 1, 12, 7; id. 6, 16, 2.—
(γ).
Di boni, O di boni, expressing indignation, sorrow, or surprise:
di boni, hunc visitavi antidhac!
Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 16:
di boni, boni quid porto!
Ter. And. 2, 2, 1:
di boni, quid hoc morbi est,
id. Eun. 2, 1, 19; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 13; id. Ad. 3, 3, 86:
alter, O di boni, quam taeter incedebat!
Cic. Sest. 8, 19; id. Brut. 84, 288; id. Phil. 2, 8, 20; 2, 32, 80; id. Att. 1, 16, 5; 14, 21, 2; Val. Max. 3, 5, 1; Sen. Vit. Beat. 2, 3.—
(δ).
Bona Dea, etc., v. 6.—
5.
Optimus as a laudatory epithet.
(α).
Vir optimus:
per vos nobis, per optimos viros optimis civibus periculum inferre conantur,
Cic. Sest. 1, 2:
virum optimum et constantissimum M. Cispium,
id. ib. 35, 76:
fratrem meum, virum optimum, fortissimum,
id. ib.:
consolabor hos praesentes, viros optimos,
id. Balb. 19, 44; id. Planc. 21, 51; 23, 55; id. Mil. 14, 38; id. Marcell. 4, 10; id. Att. 5, 1, 5; Hor. S. 1, 6, 53.—
(β).
Femina bona, optima:
tua conjunx bona femina,
Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 16:
hujus sanctissimae feminae atque optimae pater,
id. ib. —
(γ).
Senex, pater, frater, etc.:
optimus: parentes ejus, prudentissimi atque optimi senis,
Cic. Planc. 41, 97:
insuevit pater optimus hoc me,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 105; 2, 1, 12:
C. Marcelli, fratris optimi,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 6; id. Q. Fr. 2, 6 (8), 2; 2, 4, 2.—
(δ).
With proper names ( poet.):
optimus Vergilius,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 54:
Maecenas optimus,
id. ib. 1, 5, 27:
optime Quinti,
id. Ep. 1, 16, 1.—
(ε).
Esp. as an epithet of the Roman emperors:
quid tam civile, tam senatorium quam illud, additum a nobis Optimi cognomen?
Plin. Pan. 2, 7:
gratias, inquit, ago, optime Princeps!
Sen. Tranq. 14. 4:
ex epistula optimi imperatoris Antonini,
Gai. Inst. 1, 102; cf.:
bene te patriae pater optime Caesar,
Ov. F. 2, 637:
optime Romulae Custos gentis,
Hor. C. 4, 5, 1.—
6.
Bonus and Bona, names of deities.
(α).
Bona Dea, the goddess of Chastity, whose temple could not be entered by males (cf. Macr. S. 1, 12; Lact. 1, 22):
Bonae Deae pulvinaribus,
Cic. Pis. 39, 95; id. Mil. 31, 86; id. Fam. 1, 9, 15; cf.
in mal. part.,
Juv. 2, 86 sq.; 6, 314 sq.; 6, 335 sq.—
(β).
Bonus Eventus, Varr. R. R. 1, 1 med.; Amm. 29, 6, 19; Inscr. Orell. 907; 1780 sq.—
(γ).
Bona Fortuna:
si bona Fortuna veniat, ne intromiseris,
Plaut. Aul. 1, 3, 22:
Bonae Fortunae (signum),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 7:
FORTVNAE BONAE DOMESTICAE,
Inscr. Orell. 1743 sq. —
(δ).
Bona Spes:
Spes Bona, obsecro, subventa mihi,
Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 12:
BONAE SPEI,
Aug. Inscr. Grut. 1075, 1.—
(ε).
BONA MENS, Inscr. Orell. 1818 sqq.:
Mens Bona, si qua dea es, tua me in sacraria dono,
Prop. 3, 24, 19.
B.
With nouns denoting things.
1.
Things concrete, denoting excellence:
navis bona dicitur non quae pretiosis coloribus picta est... sed stabilis et firma,
Sen. Ep. 76, 13:
gladium bonum dices, non cui auratus est balteus, etc., sed cui et ad secandum subtilis acies est, et, etc.,
id. ib. 76, 14:
id vinum erit lene et bono colore,
Cato, R. R. 109; Lucr. 2, 418; Ov. Am. 2, 7, 9:
tabulas... collocare in bono lumine,
Cic. Brut. 75, 261: ex quavis olea oleum... bonum fieri potest. Cato, R. R. 3:
per aestatem boves aquam bonam et liquidam bibant semper curato,
id. ib. 73; cf.:
bonae aquae, ironically compared to wine,
Prop. 2, 33 (3, 31), 28:
praedium bonum caelum habeat,
good temperature, Cato, R. R. 1:
bona tempestate,
in good weather, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 4:
(praedium) solo bono valeat,
by good soil, Cato, R. R. 1:
bonae (aedes) cum curantur male,
Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 24:
villam bonam,
Cic. Off. 3, 13, 55:
bonus pons,
Cat. 17, 5:
scyphi optimi (= optime facti),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 14, § 32:
perbona toreumata,
id. ib. 2, 4, 18, §
38: bona domicilia,
comfortable residences, id. N. D. 2, 37, 95:
agrum Meliorem nemo habet,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 12:
fundum meliorem,
Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52: fundos optimos et fructuosissimos, id. Agr. 3, 4, 14:
equus melior,
id. Inv. 1, 31, 52:
bona cena,
Cat. 13, 3:
boni nummi,
good, not counterfeit, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 144; Cic. Off. 3, 23, 91:
super omnia vultus accessere boni,
good looks, Ov. M. 8, 678:
mulier bona forma,
of a fine form, Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 13:
equus formae melioris,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 52:
tam bona cervix, simul ac jussero, demetur,
fine, beautiful, Suet. Calig. 33:
fruges bonae,
Cat. 34, 19:
ova suci melioris,
of better flavor, Hor. S. 2, 4, 13.— Trop.:
animus aequus optimum est aerumnae condimentum,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 71: bona dextra, a lucky hand (cf.:
bonum omen, 2. e.),
Quint. 6, 3, 69:
scio te bona esse voce, ne clama nimis,
good, sound, loud voice, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 43; so,
bona firmaque vox,
Quint. 11, 3, 13.—
2.
Things abstract.
a.
Of physical well-being:
ut si qui neget sine bona valetudine posse bene vivi,
Cic. Inv. 1, 51, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 2; Lucr. 3, 102; Val. Max. 2, 5, 6; Quint. 10, 3, 26; 11, 2, 35 et saep.:
non bonus somnus de prandio est,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 8:
bona aetas,
prime of life, Cic. Sen. 14, 48:
optima aetate,
id. Fam. 10, 3, 3.—Ironically:
bona, inquis, aetate, etc.,
Sen. Ep. 76, 1.—
b.
Of the mind and soul:
meliore esse sensu,
Cic. Sest. 21, 47:
optima indoles,
id. Fin. 5, 22, 61:
bona conscientia,
Quint. 6, 1, 33; 9, 2, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 5:
bono ingenio me esse ornatam quam auro multo mavolo,
with a good heart, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 91; id. Stich. 1, 21, 59; Sall. C. 10, 5:
mens melior,
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 78; Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13; Liv. 39, 16, 5; Sen. Ben. 1, 11, 4; id. Ep. 10, 4; Pers. 2, 8; Petr. 61.—Personified, Prop. 3 (4), 24, 19; Ov. Am. 1, 2, 31:
duos optimae indolis filios,
Val. Max. 5, 7, 2; Sen. Ben. 6, 16, 6; Quint. 1, 2, 5:
bonum consilium,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 6; id. Rud. 4, 3, 18; Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121:
bona voluntas,
a good purpose, Quint. 12, 11, 31:
memoria bona,
Cic. Att. 8, 4, 2:
bona ratio cum perdita... confligit,
id. Cat. 2, 11, 25:
bonae rationes,
Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 50:
pronuntiatio bona,
Auct. Her. 3, 15, 27.—
c.
Of moral relations:
ego si bonam famam mihi servasso, sat ero dives,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 71; Cic. Sest. 66, 139; Liv. 6, 11, 7; Hor. S. 1, 2, 61 (cf. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1;
v. e. infra): si ego in causa tam bona cessi tribuni plebis furori,
Cic. Sest. 16, 36; id. Planc. 36, 87; Ov. M. 5, 220:
fac, sis, bonae frugi sies,
of good, regular habits, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 35; id. Cas. 2, 4, 5; 2, 5, 19; id. Ps. 1, 5, 53; id. Truc. 1, 1, 13; id. Capt. 5, 2, 3 sq. (v. frux, II. B. 1. b.): vilicus disciplina bona utatur. Cato, R. R. 5:
bona studia,
moral pursuits, Auct. Her. 4, 17, 25:
quidquid vita meliore parasti,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 15: ad spem mortis melioris, an honorable death; so as an epithet of religious exercises:
Juppiter, te bonas preces precor,
Cato, R. R. 134; 139.—
d.
Of external, artistic, and literary value and usefulness:
bono usui estis nulli,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 15:
Optumo optume optumam operam das,
id. Am. 1, 1, 122:
bonam dedistis mihi operam,
a valuable service to me, id. Poen. 2, 3, 70; 3, 6, 11; id. Pers. 4, 7, 11; id. Rud. 3, 6, 11 (in a different sense: me bona opera aut mala Tibi inventurum esse auxilium argentarium, by fair or unfair means, id. Ps. 1, 1, 102;
v. e. infra): optima hereditas a patribus traditur liberis... gloria virtutis rerumque gestarum,
Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121:
bonum otium,
valuable leisure, Sall. C. 4, 1:
bonis versibus,
Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 74:
versus meliores,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 81:
meliora poemata,
Hor. A. P. 303:
in illa pro Ctesiphonte oratione longe optima,
Cic. Or. 8, 26:
optimas fabulas,
id. Off. 1, 31, 114:
melius munus,
id. Ac. 1, 2, 7.—
e.
Favorable, prosperous, lucky, fortunate:
de Procilio rumores non boni,
unfavorable rumors, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 5:
bona de Domitio, praeclara de Afranio fama est,
about their success in the war, id. ib. 7, 26, 1:
si fuisset in discipulo comparando meliore fortuna,
id. Pis. 29, 71; cf.
fortuna optima esse,
to be in the best pecuniary circumstances, id. ad Brut. 1, 1, 2:
occasio tam bona,
Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 9:
senex est eo meliore condicione quam adulesoens cum, etc.,
Cic. Sen. 19, 68; id. Fam. 4, 32:
bona navigatio,
id. N. D. 3, 34, 83;
esp. in phrase bona spes.—Object.: ergo in iis adulescentibus bonam spem esse dicemus et magnam indolem quos, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 117.—Subject.:
ego sum spe bona,
Cic. Fam. 12, 28, 3; id. Cat. 2, 11, 25; [p. 245] id. Att. 14, 1 a, 3; id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 16:
optima spe,
id. Fam. 12, 11, 2.—Pregn., = spes bonarum rerum, Sall. C. 21, 1;
v. C. 1. c. infra: meliora responsa,
more favorable, Liv. 7, 21, 6:
melior interpretatio,
Tac. H. 3, 65:
cum laude et bonis recordationibus,
id. A. 4, 38:
amnis Doctus iter melius,
i. e. less injurious, Hor. A. P. 68:
omen bonum,
a good, lucky omen, Cic. Pis. 13, 31; cf.
Liv. praef. § 13: melius omen,
Ov. F. 1, 221;
optimum,
Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 2:
bona scaeva,
Plaut. Stich. 5, 2, 24:
auspicio optumo,
id. ib. 3, 2, 6; cf.:
memini bene, sed meliore Tempore dicam = opportuniore tempore,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 68.—
f.
Of public affairs, si mihi bona re publica frui non licuerit, Cic. Mil. 34, 93:
optima res publica,
id. Or. 1, 1, 1; id. Phil. 1, 8, 19:
minus bonis temporibus,
id. Dom. 4, 8; so,
optimis temporibus,
id. Sest. 3, 6:
nostrae res meliore loco videbantur,
id. ad Brut. 1, 3, 1:
lex optima,
id. Pis. 16, 37; id. Sest. 64, 137; id. Phil, 1, 8, 19.—
g.
Good = large, considerable:
bono atque amplo lucro,
Plaut. Am. prol. 6:
bona librorum copia,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 109; cf.:
bona copia cornu,
Ov. M. 9, 88; v. bona pars, C. 8. g.—
h.
Noble; with genus, good family, noble extraction, honorable birth: quali me arbitraris genere prognatum? Eu. Bono, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 35; so id. Ep. 1, 2, 4; 2, 1, 3; id. Pers. 4, 4, 94:
si bono genere natus sit,
Auct. Her. 3, 7, 13.—
k.
Referring to good-will, kindness, faithfulness, in certain phrases.
(α).
Bona venia or cum bona venia, with the kind permission of a person addressed, especially bona venia orare, expetere, etc.:
primum abs te hoc bona venia expeto,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 31:
bona tua venia dixerim,
Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 34:
oravit bona venia Quirites, ne, etc.,
Liv. 7, 41, 3:
obsecro vos.. bona venia vestra liceat, etc.,
id. 6, 40, 10:
cum bona venia quaeso audiatis, etc.,
id. 29, 17, 6; Arn. c. Gent. 1, p. 5; cf.
. sed des veniam bonus oro = venia bona oro,
Hor. S. 2, 4, 5.—
(β).
Bona pax, without quarrelling:
bona pax sit potius,
let us have no quarrel about that, Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 7;
so especially cum bona pace, or bona pace: Hannibal ad Alpis cum bona pace incolentium... pervenit,
without a difficulty with the inhabitants, Liv. 21, 32, 6; 21, 24, 5; 1, 24, 3; 28, 37, 4; 8, 15, 1; cf.: si bonam (pacem) dederitis, = a fair peace, under acceptable conditions, id. 8, 21, 4.—
(γ).
Amicitia bona = bona fide servata, faithful, undisturbed friendship:
igitur amicitia Masinissae bona atque honesta nobis permansit,
Sall. J. 5, 5.—
(δ).
Bona societas, alliance:
Segestes, memoria bonae societatis, impavidus,
Tac. A. 1, 58.
C.
In particular phrases.
1.
Bonae res.
a.
= Vitae commoda, comforts of life, abstract or concrete:
concedatur bonis rebus homines morte privari,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 87:
optimis rebus usus est,
he had every most desirable thing, Nep. Att. 18, 1.—
b.
= Res secundae, opp. res adversae, prosperity:
bonis rebus tuis, meas irrides malas,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 45:
in bonis rebus,
Hor. C. 2, 3, 2. —
c.
Res bona = res familiaris bona, wealth ( poet.): in re bona esse, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4.—Also an object of value:
homines quibus mala abunde omnia erant, sed neque res neque spes bona ulla,
who had no property, nor the hope of any, Sall. C. 21, 1. —
d.
Costly things, articles of luxury:
capere urbem in Arabia plenam bonarum rerum,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 46; 4, 4, 82:
nimium rei bonae,
id. Stich. 2, 3, 55:
ignorantia bonarum rerum,
Nep. Ages. 8, 5 ' bonis rebus gaudere, Hor. S. 2, 6, 110:
re bona copiosum esse,
Gell. 16, 19, 7.—
e.
Moral, morally good:
illi cum res non bonas tractent,
Cic. Ac. 2, 33, 72:
ut de virtutibus et vitiis, omninoque de bonis rebus et malis quaererent,
id. ib. 1, 4, 15:
quid habemus in rebus bonis et malis explorati?
id. ib. 2, 42, 129; so id. Or. 1, 10, 42; id. Leg. 1, 22, 58:
quae tamen omnia dulciora fuint et moribus bonis et artibus,
id. Sen. 18, 65.—
f.
In literary composition, important or interesting matter, subjects, or questions:
res bonas verbis electis dictas quis non legat?
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 8:
studiis generorum, praesertim in re bona,
Plaut. Am. 8, 26.—
2.
Bonae artes.
(α).
A good, laudable way of dealing:
qui praeclari facinoris aut artis bonae famam quaerit,
Sall. C. 2, 9:
huic bonae artes desunt, dolis atque fallaciis contendit,
id. ib. 11, 2:
quod is bonarum artium cupiens erat,
Tac. A. 6, 46.—
(β).
Liberal arts and sciences:
litteris aut ulli bonae arti,
Quint. 12, 1, 7:
conservate civem bonarum artium, bonarum partium, bonorum virorum,
Cic. Sest. 32, 77. —Esp.:
optimae artes: optimarum artium scientia,
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 4; id. Ac. 2, 1, 1; id. Cael. 10, 24; id. Marcell. 1, 4.—
3.
Bona fides, or fides bona.
a.
Good faith, i. e. conscious honesty in acts or words: qui nummos fide bona solvit, who pays (the price of labor) in good faith, i. e. as it is honestly earned, Cato, R. R. 14:
dic, bona fide, tu id aurum non subripuisti?
Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 46; 4, 10, 47; id. Capt. 4, 2, 111; id. Most. 3, 1, 137; id. Poen. 1, 3, 30; id. Pers. 4, 3, 16; id. Ps. 4, 6, 33:
si tibi optima fide omnia concessit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 144; Quint. 10, 3, 23.—Hence, bonae fidei vir, a conscientious man, Quint. 10, 7, 1.—
b.
Jurid. t. t.
(α).
Good faith in contracts and legal acts in general, opposed to dolus malus, honesty and fairness in dealing with another:
ad fidem bonam statuit pertinere, notum esse emptori vitium quod nosset venditor,
Cic. Off. 3, 16, 67.—Hence, alienam rem bona fide emere, to buy, believing the seller to be the rightful owner, Dig. 41, 3, 10; 41, 3, 13, § 1. bonae fidei possessor (also possessio), believing that he is the rightful owner, ib. 5, 3, 25, § 11; 5, 3, 22; 41, 3, 15, § 2;
41, 3, 24: conventio contra bonam fidem et mores bonos,
ib. 16, 31, § 7: bonam fidem praestare, to be responsible for one ' s good faith, ib. 17, 1, 10 prooem.—Hence,
(β).
Bonae fidei actiones or judicia, actions in equity, i. e. certain classes of actions in which the strict civil law was set aside by the praetorian edict in favor of equity:
actiones quaedam bonae fidei sunt, quaedam stricti juris. Bonae fidei sunt haec: exempto vendito, locato conducto, etc.,
Just. Inst. 4, 6, 28, § 19.—In the republican time the praetor added in such actions to his formula for the judex the words ex fide bona, or, in full:
quidquid dare facere oportet ex fide bona,
Cic. Off. 3, 16, 66:
iste dolus malus et legibus erat vindicatus, et sine lege, judiciis in quibus additur ex fide bona,
id. ib. 3, 15, 61; cf. id. ib. 3, 17, 70.—
4.
Bona verba.
(α).
Kind words:
Bona verba quaeso,
Ter. And. 1, 2, 33.—
(β).
Words of good omen (v. omen):
dicamus bona verba,
Tib. 2, 2, 1:
dicite suffuso ter bona verba mero,
Ov. F. 2, 638.—
(γ).
Elegant or well-chosen expressions:
quid est tam furiosum quam verborum vel optimorum atque ornatissimorum sonitus inanis,
Cic. Or. 1, 12, 51:
verborum bonorum cursu,
id. Brut. 66, 233:
omnia verba sunt alicubi optima,
Quint. 10, 1, 9.—
(δ).
Moral sayings:
non est quod contemnas bona verba et bonis cogitationibus plena praecordia,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 1. —
5.
Bona dicta.
(α).
Polite, courteous language:
hoc petere me precario a vobis jussit leniter dictis bonis,
Plaut. Am. prol. 25.—
(β).
Witticisms ( bon-mots): flammam a sapiente facilius ore in ardente opprimi, quam bona dicta teneat, Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 2, 54, 222:
dico unum ridiculum dictum de dictis melioribus quibus solebam menstruales epulas ante adipiscier,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 22:
ibo intro ad libros ut discam de dictis melioribus,
id. Stich. 2, 3, 75.—
6.
Bona facta.
(α).
= bene facta (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.), laudable deeds:
nobilitas ambobus et majorum bona facta (sc. erant),
Tac. A. 3, 40.—
(β).
Bonum factum est, colloq., = bene est, bene factum est (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.):
bonum factum est, ut edicta servetis mea,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 16:
haec imperata quae sunt pro imperio histrico, bonum hercle factum (est) pro se quisque ut meminerit,
id. ib. 45.— Hence,
(γ).
Elliptically, introducing commands which cannot be enforced, = if you will do so, it will be well:
peregrinis in senatum allectis, libellus propositus est: bonum factum, ne quis senatori novo curiam monstrare velit,
Suet. Caes. 80:
et Chaldaeos edicere: bonum factum, ne Vitellius... usquam esset,
id. Vit. 14:
hac die Carthaginem vici: bonum factum, in Capitolium eamus, et deos supplicemus,
Aur. Vict. 49; cf.:
o edictum, cui adscribi non poterit bonum factum,
Tert. Pud. 1.—
7.
Bona gratia.
(α).
A friendly understanding:
cur non videmus inter nos haec potius cum bona Ut componantur gratia quam cum mala?
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17; so,
per gratiam bonam abire,
to part with good feelings, Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 33.—In jest: sine bona gratia abire, of things cast away, Plaut Truc. 2, 7, 15.—
(β).
Pleon., in the phrase bonam gratiam habere, = gratiam habere, to thank (v. B. 2. k.), Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 32; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 99.—
8.
Bona pars.
(α).
The well-disposed part of a body of persons:
ut plerumque fit, major pars (i. e. of the senate) meliorem vicit,
Liv. 21, 4, 1:
pars melior senatus ad meliora responsa trahere,
id. 7, 21, 6.—
(β).
The good party, i. e. the optimates (gen. in plur.):
civem bonarum partium,
Cic. Sest. 32, 77:
(fuit) meliorum partium aliquando,
id. Cael. 6, 13:
qui sibi gratiam melioris partis velit quaesitam,
Liv. 2, 44, 3.—Paronom.: (Roscius) semper partium in re publica tam quam in scaena optimarum, i. e. party and part in a drama, Cic. Sest. 56, 120.—
(γ).
Of things or persons, a considerable part (cf. a good deal):
bonam partem ad te adtulit,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 43:
bonam partem sermonis in hunc diem esse dilatam,
Cic. Or. 2, 3, 14:
bonam magnamque partem exercitus,
Val. Max. 5, 2, ext. 4:
bona pars noctium,
Quint. 12, 11, 19:
bona pars hominum,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 61:
meae vocis... bona pars,
id. C. 4, 2, 46; so id. A. P. 297; Ov. P. 1, 8, 74:
melior pars diei,
Verg. A. 9, 156.—
(δ).
Rarely, and mostly eccl. Lat.: optima pars, the best part or lot:
nostri melior pars animus est,
Sen. Q. N. 1, prooem. § 14; cf.:
quae pars optima est in homine,
best, most valuable, Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 67:
major pars aetatis, certe melior reipublicae data sit,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 18, 1:
Maria optimam partem elegit, quae non auferetur ab ea,
Vulg. Luc. 10, 42.—
(ε).
Adverb.:
bonam partem = ex magna parte,
Lucr. 6, 1249.—
(ζ).
Aliquem in optimam partem cognoscere, to know somebody from his most favorable side, Cic. Off. 2, 13, 46: aliquid in optimam partem accipere, to take something in good part, interpret it most favorably:
Caesar mihi ignoscit quod non venerim, seseque in optimam partem id accipere dicit,
id. Att. 10, 3 a, 2; id. ad Brut. 1, 2, 3:
quaeso ut hoc in bonam partem accipias,
id. Rosc. Am. 16, 45.—
9.
Dies bonus or bona.
(α).
A day of good omen, a fortunate day (= dies laetus, faustus):
tum tu igitur die bono, Aphrodisiis, addice, etc.,
Plaut. Poen. 2, 49:
nunc dicenda bona sunt bona verba die,
Ov. F. 1, 72.—
(β).
A beautiful, serene day, Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 3.—
10.
Bonus mos.
(α).
Boni mores, referring to individuals, good, decent, moral habits:
nihil est amabilius quam morum similitudo bonorum,
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 56:
nam hic nimium morbus mores invasit bonos,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 6:
domi militiaeque boni mores colebantur,
Sall. C. 9, 1:
propter ejus suavissimos et optimos mores,
Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13:
cum per tot annos matronae optimis moribus vixerint,
Liv. 34, 6, 9:
mores meliores,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 18.—
(β).
Bonus mos or boni mores, in the abstract, morality, the laws, rules of morality: ei vos morigerari mos bonu'st, it is a rule of morality that you should, etc., Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 4:
ex optimo more et sanctissima disciplina,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69:
neglegentia boni moris,
Sen. Ep. 97, 1.—Jurid. t. t.:
conventio, mandatum contra bonos mores,
in conflict with morality, Quint. 3, 1, 57; Dig. 16, 3, 1, § 7; Gai. Inst. 3, 157 et saep. —
11.
Adverbial phrases.
a.
Bono animo esse, or bonum animum habere.
(α).
To be of good cheer or courage:
bono animo es! Liberabit ille te homo,
Plaut. Merc 3, 1, 33; so id. Aul. 4, 10, 61; id. Mil. 4, 8, 32; id. Rud. 3, 3, 17; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 4; id. Heaut. 4, 6, 18; id. Ad. 2, 4, 20; 3, 5, 1; 4, 2, 4; 4, 5, 62; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 72:
animo bono es,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 103; id. Am. 2, 2, 48; 5, 2, 1:
bono animo es, inquit Scrofa, et fiscinam expedi,
Varr. R. R. 1, 26:
bono animo sint et tui et mei familiares,
Cic. Fam. 6, 18, 1; 6, 10, 29:
bono animo esse jubere eam consul,
Liv. 39, 13, 7:
habe modo bonum animum,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 58; so id. Am. 1, 3, 47; id. Truc. 2, 6, 44; id. Aul. 2, 2, 15:
habe animum bonum,
id. Cas. 2, 6, 35; id. Ep. 2, 2, 1; 4, 2, 31:
bonum animum habe,
Liv. 45, 8, 5:
clamor ortus ut bonum animum haberet,
id. 8, 32, 1; so Sen. Ep. 87, 38.—
(β).
Bono animo esse, or facere aliquid, to be of a good or friendly disposition, or to do with good, honest intentions:
audire jubet vos imperator histricus, bonoque ut animo sedeant in subselliis qui, etc.,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 5: sunt enim (consules) [p. 246] optimo animo, summo consilio, of the best disposition, Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 2:
bono te animo tum populus Romanus... dicere existimavit ea quae sentiebatis, sed, etc.,
id. Imp. Pomp. 19, 56:
quod nondum bono animo in populum Romanum viderentur,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; Quint. 7, 4, 15.—
(γ).
Bonus animus, good temper, patience:
bonus animus in mala re dimidium mali est,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 37:
vos etiam hoc animo meliore feratis,
Ov. M. 9, 433.—
b.
Bono modo.
(α).
= placide, with composure, moderation:
si quis quid deliquerit, pro noxa bono modo vindicet,
Cato, R. R. 5:
haec tibi tam sunt defendenda quam moenia, mihi autem bono modo, tantum quantum videbitur,
Cic. Ac. 2, 44, 137.—
(β).
In a decent manner:
neu quisquam prohibeto filium quin amet... quod bono fiat modo,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 62. —
c.
Jure optimo or optimo jure, with good, perfect right:
te ipse jure optumo incuses licet,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 23; id. Rud. 2, 6, 53:
ut jure optimo me deserere posses,
Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 6; Sen. Ot. Sap. 2 (29), 2.—With pass. or intr. verb, deservedly:
ne jure optimo irrideamur,
Cic. Off. 1, 31, 111; cf. id. ib. 1, 42, 151; id. Marcell. 1, 4;
similarly, optimo judicio,
Val. Max. 2, 9, 2.
II.
As subst.
A.
bŏnus, boni, m.; of persons.
1.
In sing. or plur. orig. = bonus vir, boni viri; v. I. A. 1. a. b, supra, a morally good man.
(α).
Plur.:
bonis quod bene fit haud perit,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 2; id. Capt. 2, 2, 108; id. Trin. 2, 1, 55; id. Pers. 4, 5, 2:
melius apud bonos quam apud fortunatos beneficium collocari puto,
Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71:
verum esse ut bonos boni diligant, quamobrem... bonis inter bonos quasi necessariam (esse) benevolentiam,
id. Lael. 14, 50:
diverso itinere malos a bonis loca taetra... habere,
Sall. C. 52, 13; 7, 2; 52, 22:
oderunt peccare boni virtutis amore,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 52:
tam bonis quam malis conduntur urbes,
Sen. Ben. 4, 28, 4; so id. Vit. Beat. 15, 6; Quint. 9, 2, 76.—Rarely bŏnae, arum, f., good women:
quia omnes bonos bonasque adcurare addecet, etc.,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 41.—
(β).
Sing.:
malus bonum malum esse volt ut sit sui similis,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 8:
nec enim cuique bono mali quidquam evenire potest,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 99; cf.:
qui meliorem audax vocet in jus,
Hor. S. 2, 5, 29.—
2.
Bonus, a man of honor.
(α).
A brave man:
pro qua (patria) quis bonus dubitet mortem oppetere si ei sit profuturus?
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 57:
libertatem quam nemo bonus nisi cum anima simul amittat,
Sall. C. 33, 5:
fortes creantur fortibus et bonis,
Hor. C. 4, 4, 29 (opp. ignavi):
fama impari boni atque ignavi erant,
Sall. J. 57, 6; 53, 8; id. C. 11, 2. —
(β).
A gentleman:
quis enim umquam, qui paululum modo bonorum consuetudinem nosset, litteras ad se ab amico missas... in medium protulit?
Cic. Phil. 2, 4, 7.—
3.
Boni, the better (i. e. higher) classes of society.
(α).
In gen. (of political sentiments, = optimates, opp. populares, seditiosi, perditi cives, etc.;
so usu. in Cic.): meam causam omnes boni proprie enixeque susceperant,
Cic. Sest. 16, 38:
audaces homines et perditi nutu impelluntur... boni, nescio quomodo, tardiores sunt, etc.,
id. ib. 47, 100:
ego Kal. Jan. senatum et bonos omnes legis agrariae... metu liberavi,
id. Pis. 2, 4:
etenim omnes boni, quantum in ipsis fuit, Caesarem occiderunt,
id. Phil. 2, 13, 29; id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; 5, 21, 2; id. Sest. 2, 5; 16, 36; 48, 103; id. Planc. 35, 86; id. Mil. 2, 5; id. Off. 2. 12, 43:
maledictis increpat omnes bonos,
Sall. C. 21, 4; 19, 2; 33, 3; Hirt. B. G. 8, 22; so,
optimi,
Cic. Leg. 3, 17, 37; and, ironically, boni identified with the rich:
bonorum, id est lautorum et locupletum,
id. Att. 8, 1, 3.—
(β).
Without reference to political views;
opp. vulgus (rare): nihil ego istos moror fatuos mores quibus boni dedecorant se,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 22:
semper in civitate quibus opes nullae sunt bonis invident,
Sall. C. 37, 3:
elatus est sine ulla pompa funeris, comitantibus omnibus bonis, maxima vulgi frequentia,
Nep. Att. 22, 2.—So, mĕlĭōres, um, m., one ' s betters:
ut quaestui habeant male loqui melioribus,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 13:
da locum melioribus,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 37.—
4.
Boni, bone, in addresses, as an expression of courtesy, Hor. S. 2, 2, 1; 2, 6, 51; 2, 6, 95; id. Ep. 2, 2, 37; ironice, id. S. 2, 3, 31.—
5.
Optimus quisque = quivis bonus, omnes boni.
(α).
Referring to morality:
esse aliquid natura pulcrum quod optimus quisque sequeretur,
every good man, Cic. Sen. 13, 43:
qui ita se gerebant ut sua consilia optimo cuique probarent, optimates habebantur,
id. Sest. 45, 96; id. Off. 1, 43, 154; id. Fin. 1, 7, 24; id. Sest. 54, 115; and = even the best:
quare deus optimum quemque mala valetudine adficit?
Sen. Prov. 4, 8.—
(β).
Of the educated classes:
adhibenda est quaedam reverentia adversus homines, et optimi cujusque et reliquorum,
Cic. Off. 1, 28, 99; cf. id. ib. 1, 25, 85:
Catilina plerisque consularibus, praeterea optumo cuique, litteras mittit,
Sall. C. 34, 2:
optimo cuique infesta libertas,
Sen. Ot. Sap. 8, 2 (32 fin.).—
(γ).
Honorable, brave:
optumus quisque cadere et sauciari, ceteris metus augeri,
Sall. J. 92, 8.—
(δ).
In gen., excellent:
optimus quisque facere quam dicere... malebat,
Sall. C. 8, 5.—
(ε).
Distributively:
ita imperium semper ad optumum quemque a minus bono transfertur,
to the best man in each instance, Sall. C. 2, 6.—
(ζ).
Referring to another superlative ( = quo quisque melior eo magis, etc.):
hic aditus laudis qui semper optimo cuique maxime patuit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 1; so id. Lael. 4, 14; id. Inv. 2, 11, 36; Sen. Vit. Beat. 18, 1.—
(η).
Attributively, with a noun:
optimam quamque causam,
Cic. Sest. 43, 93:
optima quaeque dies,
Verg. G. 3, 66.
2.
bŏnum, i, n., plur. bona; mĕlĭus, ōris, n.; optĭmum, i, n. (v. infra); of things in gen.
1.
Bonum, or plur. bona, a good, or goods in a moral and metaphysical sense, a moral good, a blessing: sunt autem hae de finibus defensae sententiae: nihil bonum nisi honestum, ut Stoici; nihil bonum nisi voluptatem, ut Epicurus;
nihil bonum nisi vacuitatem doloris, ut Hieronymus... tria genera bonorum, maxima animi, secunda corporis, externa tertia, ut Peripatetici, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 30, 84 sq.:
quid est igitur bonum? Si quid recte fit et honeste et cum virtute, id bene fieri vere dicitur, et quod rectum et honestum et cum virtute est, id solum opinor bonum,
id. Par. 1, 1, 9:
ut quis intellegat, quid sit illud simplex et verum bonum quod non possit ab honestate sejungi,
id. Ac. 1, 2, 7:
non-est igitur voluptas bonum,
id. Fin. 1, 11, 39: finis bonorum et malorum (telos agathôn) = summa bona et mala:
sunt nonnullae disciplinae quae, propositis bonorum et malorum finibus, officium omne pervertant. Nam qui summum bonum sic instituit ut, etc.,
id. Off. 1, 2, 5; cf. id. Par. 1, 3, 14; id. Ac. 2, 9, 29; 2, 36, 114; 2, 42, 129; id. Fin. 1, 9, 29; 1, 12, 42; id. Tusc. 4, 31, 66; Sen. Vit. Beat. 24, 5; id. Ep. 117, 1 et saep.—
2.
Bonum, what is valuable, beneficial, estimable, favorable, pleasant, physically or mentally:
quoi boni Tantum adfero quantum ipsus a diis optat,
Plaut. Capt. 4, 1, 9:
multa bona vobis volt facere,
will do you much good, id. Poen. 5, 4, 60; id. Am. prol. 43, 49; id. Pers. 4, 8, 4; 2, 3, 14; id. Cas. 2, 8, 32:
tum demum nostra intellegemus bona quom ea amisimus,
id. Capt. 1, 2, 33:
multa tibi di dent bona,
id. Poen. 1, 1, 80; cf. id. ib. 3, 3, 54; 3, 3, 74; id. Mil. 3, 1, 120; id. Men. 3, 3, 34; id. Pers. 4, 3, 23; id. Truc. 1, 2, 23; id. Merc. 1, 2, 40; id. Most. 1, 1, 47:
omnia Bona dicere,
to speak in the highest terms of one, Ter. And. 1, 1, 70:
sed ne vivus quidem bono caret, si eo non indiget,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 88:
cum quaecumque bona Peripateticis, eadem Stoicis commoda viderentur,
id. ib. 5, 41, 120:
nihil enim boni nosti,
nothing that is good for any thing, id. Phil. 2, 7, 16:
mala pro bonis legere dementia est,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 6, 1; Val. Max. 5, 3, ext. 3 fin.; Hor. S. 1, 2, 73:
quia bonum sit valere,
a good thing, Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 62 (cf. III. A. 5. infra):
melius: quo quidem haud scio an... quidquam melius sit homini a dis immortalibus datum,
id. Lael. 6, 20:
meliora... Aristotelem de istis rebus scripsisse,
id. Or. 1, 10, 43:
optimum: difficillimum est formam exponere optimi,
id. ib. 11, 36.— Here belongs the phrase boni consulere;
v. consulo.—So after prepositions: in bonum vertere, v. under verto: in melius ire,
to change for the better, Tac. A. 12, 68.—In the same sense: in melius aliquid referre, or reflectere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 281; 11, 426; 10, 632:
ad melius transcurrere,
to pass over to something better, Hor. S. 2, 2, 82.—
3.
Bonum or bona, prosperity:
fortiter malum qui patitur, idem post patitur bonum,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 58:
nulli est homini perpetuum bonum,
id. Curc. 1, 3, 33:
unā tecum bona, mala tolerabimus,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 23:
quibus in bonis fuerint et nunc quibus in malis sint, ostenditur ( = in secundis, in adversis rebus),
Cic. Inv. 1, 55, 107.—
4.
Good qualities, gifts:
omnia adsunt bona, quem penes'st virtus,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 30:
magnis illi et divinis bonis hanc licentiam adsequebantur,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148:
nisi qui se suā gravitate et castimoniā... tum etiam naturali quodam bono defenderet, etc.,
id. Cael. 5, 11:
hunc meā sententiā divinis quibusdam bonis instructum atque ornatum puto,
id. ib. 17, 39:
non intellego quod bonum cuiquam sit apud tales viros profuturum,
id. Balb. 28, 63:
gaude isto tuo tam excellenti bono,
id. Marcell. 6, 19; so id. Imp. Pomp. 16, 49.—
5.
Advantage, benefit:
si plus adipiscare, re explicatā, boni, quam addubitatā mali,
Cic. Off. 1, 24, 83:
saepe cogitavi bonine an mali plus adtulerit... eloquentiae studium,
id. Inv. 1, 1, 1; 2, 35, 106; id. Off. 2, 2, 5; id. Sest. 10, 24:
maximum bonum in celeritate ponebat,
Sall. C. 43, 4; so, bono publico (abl.), for the public good:
hoc ita si fit, publico fiat bono,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 183; Liv. 2, 44, 3; Dig. 41, 3, 1.—
6.
With aequum, what is fair and good, the fair ( thing), fairness, equity:
si bonum aequomque oras,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 149; so id. Pers. 3, 1, 71; id. Rud. 1, 2, 94; id. Men. 4, 2, 11:
si tu aliquam partem aequi bonique dixeris,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 32; id. Heaut. 4, 1, 29; id. Ad. 1, 1, 39:
a quo vivo nec praesens nec absens quidquam aequi bonique impetravit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 94.—Hence, aequo et bono, or ex aequo et bono, in ( with) fairness, in equity, Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 30; Auct. Her. 2, 10, 14; 2, 12, 18; 2, 13, 20; Gai. Inst. 3, 137: aequi bonique, as gen. of value, with facere:
istuc, Chreme, Aequi bonique facio,
I place a fair and proper value on it, Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 40.—
7.
Bona, one ' s property, fortunes, almost always denoting the whole of one's possessions.
a.
In gen.:
paterna oportet reddi filio bona,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 120:
bona sua med habiturum omnia,
id. Truc. 2, 4, 49; cf. id. ib. 2, 7, 6; 4, 2, 29; id. Rud. 2, 6, 22; id. Most. 1, 3, 77; id. Trin. 4, 4, 3; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 4:
bona mea diripiebantur atque ad consulem deferebantur,
Cic. Sest. 24, 54:
cum de capite, civis et de bonis proscriptio ferretur,
id. ib. 30, 65:
bona, fortunas, possessiones omnium,
id. Caecin. 13, 38:
at mulctantur bonis exsules,
id. Tusc. 5, 37, 106; id. Off. 2, 23, 81; id. Par. 1, 1, 7; id. Sest. 19, 42; 43, 94; 52, 111; id. Phil. 2, 26, 64; Caes. B. G. 7, 3; Liv. 2, 3, 5; 2, 5, 5; 4, 15, 8; Tac. A. 2, 48; Quint. 6, 1, 19 et saep.—
b.
Bonorum possessio, the possession of one ' s property by another.
(α).
Bonorum possessio in consequence of bonorum cessio, i. e. an assignment of one ' s property for the benefit of creditors, Dig. 42, tit. 3.—
(β).
Bonorum possessio granted by the prætor against a contumacious or insolvent debtor (in bona mittere, in bona ire jubere, bona possidere jubere, etc.); cf. Dig. 42, tit. 4:
postulat a Burrieno Naevius ut ex edicto bona possidere liceat,
Cic. Quint. 6, 25, and the whole of c. 8:
edixit... neu quis militis... bona possideret aut venderet,
Liv. 2, 24, 6:
bona proscribere,
to offer the property thus transferred for sale, Cic. Quint. 6, 25.—
(γ).
Chiefly referring to the property of a defunct person (hereditas), where the prætor, till the heir had proved his right, granted a bonorum possessio secundum tabulas or contra tabulas, Dig. 37, tit. 4; 37, tit. 11.—
c.
In bonis esse;
with reference to the older civil law, which distinguished between civil property (habere rem ex jure Quiritium) and natural property (rem in bonis habere, res in bonis est),
Gai. Inst. 2, 40, 41; Dig. 40, 12, 38, § 2; 37, 6, 2, § 1; 37, 6, 3, § 2; ib. Fragm. 1, 16; Gai. Inst. 1, 22; 1, 35; 1, 222; 1, 167; Dig. 1, 8, 1; 27, 10, 10:
neque bonorum possessorum, neque... res pleno jure fiunt, sed in bonis efficiuntur,
ib. Fragm. 3, 80.—Hence, nullam omnino arbitrabamur de eā hereditate controversiam eum habiturum, et est hodie in bonis, i. e. [p. 247] the bonorum possessio has been granted to him, which did not give full ownership, but effected only that the hereditas was in bonis. Cic. Fam. 13, 30, 1.
III.
Predicative use.
A.
With nouns or pronouns as subjects.
1.
Bonum esse, to be morally good, honest:
nunc mihi bonae necessum est esse ingratiis, Quamquam esse nolo,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 82:
bonam ego quam beatam me esse nimio dici mavolo,
id. Poen. 1, 2, 93; so id. Capt. 2, 1, 44; id. Men. 4, 2, 6; id. Rud. prol. 29:
itaque viros fortes magnanimos eosdem, bonos et simplices... esse volumus,
Cic. Off. 1, 19, 63; cf. id. ib. 3, 21, 84; id. Att. 15, 6, 1:
Cato esse quam videri bonus malebat,
Sall. C. 54, 5:
ut politiora, non ut meliora fiant ingenia,
Val. Max. 5, 4, ext. 5 fin. —
2.
To be beneficial, prosperous, advantageous, valuable, favorable, serviceable, correct, with reference to both persons and things as subjects, and in regard to physical and mental relations:
jam istuc non bonumst,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 29; Cato, R. R. 157:
oleum viridius et melius fiet,
id. ib. 3:
vinum ut alvum bonam faciat,
to correct the bowels, id. ib. 156:
quid est homini salute melius?
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 127:
non optuma haec sunt, verum meliora quam deterruma,
id. Trin. 2, 3, 1:
quid est quod huc possit quod melius sit accedere?
Cic. Fin. 1, 12, 41; 1, 18, 57; id. Tusc. 1, 41, 99:
in quo (vestitu), sicut in plerisque rebus, mediocritas optima est,
id. Off. 1, 36, 130; 2, 17, 59; id. Inv. 1, 31, 51; id. Or. 2, 6; 11, 36:
meliorem tamen militem... in futura proelia id certamen fecit,
Liv. 2, 51, 3:
parvus ut est cygni melior canor, ille gruum quam Clamor,
Lucr. 4, 181; 4, 191:
si meliora dies, ut vina, poemata reddit,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 34.—So in the optative formula:
quod bonum, faustum, felixque sit,
Liv. 1, 28, 7; 1, 17, 10; 39, 15, 1; 3, 54;
3, 34.—Also, quod bonum atque fortunatum mihi sit,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 50;
and with a noun as subject: ut nobis haec habitatio Bona, fausta, felix, fortunataque evenat,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 3.—
3.
To be kind:
bonus cum probis'st (erus), malus cum malis,
Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 22:
hic si vellet bonus ac benignus Esse,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 52.—
4.
With reference to the gods:
ecastor ambae (Fortuna et Salus sunt bonae,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 129:
Palladis aut oculos ausa negare bonos (esse),
Prop. 3, 24, 12 (2, 28, 12).—
B.
Impers.
1.
Bonum est (very rare for the class. bene est; v. bene).
(α).
Without a subject:
bonum sit!
may it be fortunate, favorable! Verg. E. 8, 106.—
(β).
With subject inf.:
nam et stulte facere, et stulte fabularier in aetate haud bonum est,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 61:
bonum est pauxillum amare, insane non bonum est,
id. Curc. 1, 3,20.—
2.
Melius est.
(α).
With subject inf.:
melius sanam est mentem sumere,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 51:
nihil sentire est melius quam tam prava sentire,
Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125; cf. id. Fin. 1, 19, 62; id. Off. 1, 43, 156; so,
melius fuit, fuisset, or fuerat,
it would have been better, id. N. D. 3, 33; id. Sen. 23, 82; id. Off. 3, 25, 94:
proinde quiesse erit melius,
Liv. 3, 48, 3; 3, 41, 3; Verg. A. 11, 303.—
(β).
With subject inf.-clause:
meliu'st te quae sunt mandata tibi praevortier,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 125; id. Men. 5, 9, 32.—
(γ).
With ut-clause:
quid melius quam ut hinc intro abeam et me suspendam clanculum,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 145; so id. Ps. 4, 7, 18.—
(δ).
With subjectclause in the subjunctive:
nunc quid mihi meliu'st quam ilico hic opperiar erum,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 22.—
3.
Optimum est.
(α).
With subject inf.:
optimum visum est, captivos quam primum deportare,
Liv. 23, 34, 8:
si quis dicit optimum esse navigare,
Sen. Ot. Sap. 8, 4 (32 fin.); so, optimum fuit, it would have been better, and optimum erat, it would be better, Quint. 6, prooem. 3; 11, 2, 33; Hor. S. 2, 1, 7.—
(β).
With inf.-clause:
constituerunt optimum esse, domum suam quemque reverti,
Caes. B. G. 2, 10: optimum visum est, in fluctuantem aciem tradi equos, etc., Liv 6, 24, 10; 22, 27, 6.—
(γ).
With ut and subj:
hoc vero optimum, ut is qui, etc., id ultimum bonorum, id ipsum quid et quale sit nesciat,
Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 6.—
(δ).
With quod:
illa vero optima (sunt) quod cum Haluntium venisset Archagathum vocari jussit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 51:
optimum vero (est) quod dictaturae nomen in perpetuum de re publica sustulisti,
id. Phil. 2, 36, 91.—
(ε).
With second sup., in the phrase optumum factu est (where factu is redundant):
sed hoc mihi optumum factu arbitror,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 16:
optimum factu esse duxerant frumento... nostros prohibere,
Caes. B. G. 4, 30:
optumum factu credens exercitum augere,
Sall. C. 32, 1 (Kritz, factum); 57, 5 (Kritz, factum).
IV.
Ellipt. use: di meliora, i. e. dent or velint, i. e. let the gods grant better things than what you say, etc.; God forbid! in full:
di melius duint,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 16:
di meliora velint!
Ov. M. 7, 37.—Ellipt.:
di meliora! inquit,
Cic. Sen. 14, 47:
id ubi mulier audivit, perturbata, dii meliora inquit, etc.,
Liv. 39, 10, 2; 9, 9, 6; Verg. G. 3, 513;
similarly, di melius, i. e. fecerunt,
Val. Max. 6, 1, ext. 3.
V.
With object expressed,
1.
By dat.
(α).
= good, useful, beneficial for:
ambula, id lieni optumum est,
Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 25:
quia vobis eadem quae mihi bona malaque esse intellexi,
Sall. C. 20, 3:
bona bello Cornus, jaculis, etc.,
Verg. G. 2, 447.—
(β).
= benignus or propitius, kind to:
vicinis bonus esto,
Cato, R. R. 4:
bene merenti mala es, male merenti bona es,
Plaut. As. 1, 2, 3:
vos o mihi Manes, Este boni,
Verg. A. 12, 647.—
(γ).
= idoneus, fit for, adapted to:
qui locus vino optimus dicetur esse,
Cato, R. R. 6:
tum erit ei rei optumum tempus,
id. ib. 26:
terra cui putre solum, Optima frumentis,
Verg. G. 2, 205; 2, 319; 1, 286.—
(δ).
With sum and dat., in the phrase alicui bono est, it is of service to one, profits him:
accusant in quibus occidi patrem Sex. Roscii bono fuit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 13:
bono fuisse Romanis adventum eorum constabat,
Liv. 7, 12, 4.—Hence, with rel. dat.: cui bono (est), for whose advantage it is:
quod si quis usurpet illud Cassianum cui bono fuerit, etc.,
Cic. Phil. 2, 14, 35:
cui bono fuisset,
id. Rosc. Am. 30, 84; id. Mil. 12, 32 Ascon. ad loc.; cf.
ellipt. form cui bono?
Prisc. p. 1208 P.—
(ε).
With dat. gerund:
ager oleto conserundo qui in Favonium spectavit, aliis bonus nullus erit,
Cato, R. R. 6; Varr. R. R. 1, 24:
(mons) quia pecori bonus alendo erat,
Liv. 29, 31; 9, 10.—
2.
By ad and acc.:
refert et ad quam rem bona aut non bona sit,
Varr. R. R. 1, 91:
occasio quaeritur idoneane fuerit ad rem adoriendam, an alia melior,
Auct. Her. 2, 4, 7:
non campos modo militi Romano ad proelium bonos, etc.,
Tac. A. 2, 14.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > bonus

117 meliores

bŏnus (old form dŭonus, Carm. Sall. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 26 Mull.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 67 Mull.), a, um, adj. [for duonus, cf. bellum, bis, and cf. root dvi-; hence deidô, deos], good; comp. melior, us [cf. Gr. mala, mallon], better; sup. optimus ( optumus, ante-class. and often class.) [root opof ops, opes; cf. copia, apiscor], best.
I.
Attributively.
A.
As adjunct of nouns denoting persons.
1.
Vir bonus.
(α).
A man morally good (kalos kagathos):
quoniam boni me viri pauperant, improbi alunt,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 60:
omnibus virtutibus instructos et ornatos tum sapientes, tum viros bonos dicimus,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 10, 28:
ille vir bonus qui... intolerabili dolore lacerari potius quam aut officium prodat aut fidem,
id. Ac. 2, 8, 23:
sive vir bonus est is qui prodest quibus potest, nocet nemini, certe istum virum bonum non facile reperimus,
id. Off. 3, 15, 64:
qui se ita gerunt ut eorum probitas, fides, integritas, etc.... hos viros bonos... appellandos putemus,
id. Lael. 5, 19:
non intellegunt se de callido homine loqui, non de bono viro,
id. Att. 7, 2, 4:
ut quisque est vir optimus, ita difficillime esse alios improbos suspicatur,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4, § 12:
nec enim melior vir fuit Africano quisquam, nec clarior,
id. Lael. 2, 6; id. Leg. 1, 14, 41; 1, 18, 48; id. Planc. 4, 9; id. Par. 3, 1, 21; id. Marcell. 6, 20; id. Fam. 7, 21; id. Off. 2, 16, 57.—
(β).
An honest man:
justitia, ex qua viri boni nominantur,
Cic. Off. 1, 7, 21; 1, 44, 155; 2, 11, 39; 2, 12, 42; 2, 20, 71;
3, 12, 50: cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir bonus esset,
id. ib. 3, 19, 77:
quoniam Demosthenes nec vir bonus esset, nec bene meritus de civitate,
id. Opt. Gen. 7, 20; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116.—
(γ).
A man of good standing in the community:
id viri boni arbitratu deducetur,
Cato, R. R. 143; so id. ib. 149:
tuam partem viri bono arbitratu... dari oportet,
Dig. 17, 1, [p. 244] 35;
37, 6, 2, § 2: quem voles virum bonum nominato,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 55:
vir bonus est... quo res sponsore, et quo causae teste tenentur,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 40.—Hence, ironically of wealthy men:
praetores jus dicunt, aediles ludos parant, viri boni usuras perscribunt,
Cic. Att. 9, 12, 3.—
(δ).
Ironically of bad men:
sed eccum lenonem Lycum, bonum virum,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 52; Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 9; 4, 3, 18; id. Ad. 3, 4, 30:
expectabam quinam isti viri boni testes hujus manifesto deprehensi veneni dicerentur,
Cic. Cael. 26, 63:
nam socer ejus, vir multum bonus est,
id. Agr. 3, 3, 13;
so especially in addresses (mostly comic.): age tu, illuc procede, bone vir!
Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 1; id. Curc. 5, 2, 12; id. Ps. 4, 7, 48; id. Pers. 5, 2, 11; Ter. And. 3, 5, 10; 5, 2, 5; id. Ad. 4, 2, 17; id. Eun. 5, 2, 11:
quid tu, vir optime? Ecquid habes quod dicas?
Cic. Rosc. Am. 36, 104.—
(ε).
Sometimes boni viri = boni, in the sense of optimates (v. I. A. 3.):
bonis viris quid juris reliquit tribunatus C. Gracchi?
Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20.—
(ζ).
As a conventional courtesy:
homines optimi non intellegunt, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 25:
bone accusator,
id. Rosc. Am. 21, 58:
sic illum amicum vocasti, quomodo omnes candidatos bonos viros dicimus,
gentlemen, Sen. Ep. 3, 1.—For bonus vir, a good husband, v. 3.; and for vir optimus, as a laudatory epithet, v. 5.—
2.
Boni homines (rare) = boni, better classes of society, v. II. A. 3:
in foro infimo boni homines atque dites ambulant,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14.—
3.
With nouns denoting persons in regard to their functions, offices, occupations, and qualities, denoting excellence:
bonus consul,
Liv. 4, 40, 6; 22, 39, 2 (different: consules duos, bonos quidem, sed dumtaxat bonos, amisimus, consuls of good sentiments, almost = bad consuls, Cic. ad Brut. 1, 3, 4):
boni tribuni plebis,
Cic. Phil. 1, 10, 25:
bonus senator,
id. Prov. Cons. 15, 37:
senator bonus,
id. Dom. 4, 8:
bonus judex,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 15, § 34:
bonus augur (ironically),
id. Phil. 2, 32, 80:
bonus vates,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 27:
bonus imperator,
Sall. C. 60, 4:
bonus dux,
Quint. 12, 1, 43 (cf. trop.:
naturam, optimam ducem,
the best guide, Cic. Sen. 2, 5):
bonus miles,
Sall. C. 60, 4; Sen. Vit. Beat. 15, 5:
bonus orator,
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 10:
optimus orator,
id. Opt. Gen. 1, 3:
poeta bonus,
id. de Or. 1, 3, 11; 2, 46, 194; id. Fin. 1, 3, 10:
scriptor bonus,
Quint. 10, 1, 104:
bonus advocatus,
id. 5, 13, 10:
bonus defensor,
id. 5, 13, 3:
bonus altercator,
a good debater, id. 6, 4, 10:
bonus praeceptor,
id. 5, 13, 44; 10, 5, 22:
bonus gubernator,
Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 100:
optimus opifex,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 133:
sutor bonus,
id. ib. 1, 3, 125:
actor optimus,
Cic. Sest. 57, 122:
cantor optimus est modulator,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 130:
melior gladiator,
Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 33: agricola (colonus, dominus) bonus, Cato, R. R. prooem.; Cic. Sen. 16, 56:
bonus paterfamilias,
a thrifty head of the house, Nep. Att. 13, 1:
bonus servus,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 58; id. Am. 2, 1, 46; id. Men. 5, 6, 1; Cic. Mil. 22, 58:
dominus bonus,
Cato, R. R. 14:
bonus custos,
Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 38.—Ironically, Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 57:
filius bonus,
Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 9:
patres,
Quint. 11, 3, 178:
parens,
id. 6, prooem. 4: bonus (melior, optimus), viz. a good husband, Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 51 sq.; Liv. 1, 9, 15:
uxor melior,
Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52:
amicus,
id. Fam. 2, 15, 3:
amicus optimus,
Plaut. Cas. 3, 3, 18:
optimus testis,
Cic. Fam. 7, 27, 2:
auctor, in two senses,
good authority, id. Att. 5, 12, 3;
and = bonus scriptor (post-class.),
Quint. 10, 1, 74.—Esp.:
bonus civis (rarely civis bonus): in re publica ea velle quae tranquilla et honesta sint: talem enim solemus et sentire bonum civem et dicere, Cic.-Off. 1, 34, 124: eaque est summa ratio et sapientia boni civis, commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere,
id. ib. 2, 23, 83:
eum esse civem et fidelem et bonum,
Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 15; Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 2; 1, 9, 10; 3, 12, 1; 6, 6, 11; id. Off. 1, 44, 155; Liv. 22, 39, 3; Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 10 Dietsch:
optimus et fortissimus civis,
Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3; id. Sest. 17, 39.—
4.
Bonus and optimus as epithets of the gods.
(α).
In gen.:
sed te bonus Mercurius perdat,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 23:
fata... bonique divi,
Hor. C. 4, 2, 38:
divis orte bonis,
id. ib. 4, 5, 1:
O bone deus!
Scrib. Comp. 84 fin.: BONORVM DEORVM, Inscr. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 84: totidem, pater optime, dixi, Tu mihi da cives, referring to Jupiter, Ov. M. 7, 627.—
(β).
Optimus Maximus, a standing epithet of Jupiter:
(Juppiter) a majoribus nostris Optimus Maximus (nominatur), et quidem ante optimus, id est beneficentissimus, quam Maximus,
Cic. N. D. 2, 25, 64:
Jovem optimum et maximum ob eas res appellant, non quod, etc.,
id. ib. 3, 36, 87:
in templo Jovis Optimi Maximi,
id. Sest. 56, 129; id. Prov. Cons. 9, 22:
nutu Jovis Optimi Maximi,
id. Cat. 3, 9, 21; Liv. 1, 12, 7; id. 6, 16, 2.—
(γ).
Di boni, O di boni, expressing indignation, sorrow, or surprise:
di boni, hunc visitavi antidhac!
Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 16:
di boni, boni quid porto!
Ter. And. 2, 2, 1:
di boni, quid hoc morbi est,
id. Eun. 2, 1, 19; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 13; id. Ad. 3, 3, 86:
alter, O di boni, quam taeter incedebat!
Cic. Sest. 8, 19; id. Brut. 84, 288; id. Phil. 2, 8, 20; 2, 32, 80; id. Att. 1, 16, 5; 14, 21, 2; Val. Max. 3, 5, 1; Sen. Vit. Beat. 2, 3.—
(δ).
Bona Dea, etc., v. 6.—
5.
Optimus as a laudatory epithet.
(α).
Vir optimus:
per vos nobis, per optimos viros optimis civibus periculum inferre conantur,
Cic. Sest. 1, 2:
virum optimum et constantissimum M. Cispium,
id. ib. 35, 76:
fratrem meum, virum optimum, fortissimum,
id. ib.:
consolabor hos praesentes, viros optimos,
id. Balb. 19, 44; id. Planc. 21, 51; 23, 55; id. Mil. 14, 38; id. Marcell. 4, 10; id. Att. 5, 1, 5; Hor. S. 1, 6, 53.—
(β).
Femina bona, optima:
tua conjunx bona femina,
Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 16:
hujus sanctissimae feminae atque optimae pater,
id. ib. —
(γ).
Senex, pater, frater, etc.:
optimus: parentes ejus, prudentissimi atque optimi senis,
Cic. Planc. 41, 97:
insuevit pater optimus hoc me,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 105; 2, 1, 12:
C. Marcelli, fratris optimi,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 6; id. Q. Fr. 2, 6 (8), 2; 2, 4, 2.—
(δ).
With proper names ( poet.):
optimus Vergilius,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 54:
Maecenas optimus,
id. ib. 1, 5, 27:
optime Quinti,
id. Ep. 1, 16, 1.—
(ε).
Esp. as an epithet of the Roman emperors:
quid tam civile, tam senatorium quam illud, additum a nobis Optimi cognomen?
Plin. Pan. 2, 7:
gratias, inquit, ago, optime Princeps!
Sen. Tranq. 14. 4:
ex epistula optimi imperatoris Antonini,
Gai. Inst. 1, 102; cf.:
bene te patriae pater optime Caesar,
Ov. F. 2, 637:
optime Romulae Custos gentis,
Hor. C. 4, 5, 1.—
6.
Bonus and Bona, names of deities.
(α).
Bona Dea, the goddess of Chastity, whose temple could not be entered by males (cf. Macr. S. 1, 12; Lact. 1, 22):
Bonae Deae pulvinaribus,
Cic. Pis. 39, 95; id. Mil. 31, 86; id. Fam. 1, 9, 15; cf.
in mal. part.,
Juv. 2, 86 sq.; 6, 314 sq.; 6, 335 sq.—
(β).
Bonus Eventus, Varr. R. R. 1, 1 med.; Amm. 29, 6, 19; Inscr. Orell. 907; 1780 sq.—
(γ).
Bona Fortuna:
si bona Fortuna veniat, ne intromiseris,
Plaut. Aul. 1, 3, 22:
Bonae Fortunae (signum),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 7:
FORTVNAE BONAE DOMESTICAE,
Inscr. Orell. 1743 sq. —
(δ).
Bona Spes:
Spes Bona, obsecro, subventa mihi,
Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 12:
BONAE SPEI,
Aug. Inscr. Grut. 1075, 1.—
(ε).
BONA MENS, Inscr. Orell. 1818 sqq.:
Mens Bona, si qua dea es, tua me in sacraria dono,
Prop. 3, 24, 19.
B.
With nouns denoting things.
1.
Things concrete, denoting excellence:
navis bona dicitur non quae pretiosis coloribus picta est... sed stabilis et firma,
Sen. Ep. 76, 13:
gladium bonum dices, non cui auratus est balteus, etc., sed cui et ad secandum subtilis acies est, et, etc.,
id. ib. 76, 14:
id vinum erit lene et bono colore,
Cato, R. R. 109; Lucr. 2, 418; Ov. Am. 2, 7, 9:
tabulas... collocare in bono lumine,
Cic. Brut. 75, 261: ex quavis olea oleum... bonum fieri potest. Cato, R. R. 3:
per aestatem boves aquam bonam et liquidam bibant semper curato,
id. ib. 73; cf.:
bonae aquae, ironically compared to wine,
Prop. 2, 33 (3, 31), 28:
praedium bonum caelum habeat,
good temperature, Cato, R. R. 1:
bona tempestate,
in good weather, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 4:
(praedium) solo bono valeat,
by good soil, Cato, R. R. 1:
bonae (aedes) cum curantur male,
Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 24:
villam bonam,
Cic. Off. 3, 13, 55:
bonus pons,
Cat. 17, 5:
scyphi optimi (= optime facti),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 14, § 32:
perbona toreumata,
id. ib. 2, 4, 18, §
38: bona domicilia,
comfortable residences, id. N. D. 2, 37, 95:
agrum Meliorem nemo habet,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 12:
fundum meliorem,
Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52: fundos optimos et fructuosissimos, id. Agr. 3, 4, 14:
equus melior,
id. Inv. 1, 31, 52:
bona cena,
Cat. 13, 3:
boni nummi,
good, not counterfeit, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 144; Cic. Off. 3, 23, 91:
super omnia vultus accessere boni,
good looks, Ov. M. 8, 678:
mulier bona forma,
of a fine form, Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 13:
equus formae melioris,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 52:
tam bona cervix, simul ac jussero, demetur,
fine, beautiful, Suet. Calig. 33:
fruges bonae,
Cat. 34, 19:
ova suci melioris,
of better flavor, Hor. S. 2, 4, 13.— Trop.:
animus aequus optimum est aerumnae condimentum,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 71: bona dextra, a lucky hand (cf.:
bonum omen, 2. e.),
Quint. 6, 3, 69:
scio te bona esse voce, ne clama nimis,
good, sound, loud voice, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 43; so,
bona firmaque vox,
Quint. 11, 3, 13.—
2.
Things abstract.
a.
Of physical well-being:
ut si qui neget sine bona valetudine posse bene vivi,
Cic. Inv. 1, 51, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 2; Lucr. 3, 102; Val. Max. 2, 5, 6; Quint. 10, 3, 26; 11, 2, 35 et saep.:
non bonus somnus de prandio est,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 8:
bona aetas,
prime of life, Cic. Sen. 14, 48:
optima aetate,
id. Fam. 10, 3, 3.—Ironically:
bona, inquis, aetate, etc.,
Sen. Ep. 76, 1.—
b.
Of the mind and soul:
meliore esse sensu,
Cic. Sest. 21, 47:
optima indoles,
id. Fin. 5, 22, 61:
bona conscientia,
Quint. 6, 1, 33; 9, 2, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 5:
bono ingenio me esse ornatam quam auro multo mavolo,
with a good heart, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 91; id. Stich. 1, 21, 59; Sall. C. 10, 5:
mens melior,
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 78; Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13; Liv. 39, 16, 5; Sen. Ben. 1, 11, 4; id. Ep. 10, 4; Pers. 2, 8; Petr. 61.—Personified, Prop. 3 (4), 24, 19; Ov. Am. 1, 2, 31:
duos optimae indolis filios,
Val. Max. 5, 7, 2; Sen. Ben. 6, 16, 6; Quint. 1, 2, 5:
bonum consilium,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 6; id. Rud. 4, 3, 18; Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121:
bona voluntas,
a good purpose, Quint. 12, 11, 31:
memoria bona,
Cic. Att. 8, 4, 2:
bona ratio cum perdita... confligit,
id. Cat. 2, 11, 25:
bonae rationes,
Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 50:
pronuntiatio bona,
Auct. Her. 3, 15, 27.—
c.
Of moral relations:
ego si bonam famam mihi servasso, sat ero dives,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 71; Cic. Sest. 66, 139; Liv. 6, 11, 7; Hor. S. 1, 2, 61 (cf. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1;
v. e. infra): si ego in causa tam bona cessi tribuni plebis furori,
Cic. Sest. 16, 36; id. Planc. 36, 87; Ov. M. 5, 220:
fac, sis, bonae frugi sies,
of good, regular habits, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 35; id. Cas. 2, 4, 5; 2, 5, 19; id. Ps. 1, 5, 53; id. Truc. 1, 1, 13; id. Capt. 5, 2, 3 sq. (v. frux, II. B. 1. b.): vilicus disciplina bona utatur. Cato, R. R. 5:
bona studia,
moral pursuits, Auct. Her. 4, 17, 25:
quidquid vita meliore parasti,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 15: ad spem mortis melioris, an honorable death; so as an epithet of religious exercises:
Juppiter, te bonas preces precor,
Cato, R. R. 134; 139.—
d.
Of external, artistic, and literary value and usefulness:
bono usui estis nulli,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 15:
Optumo optume optumam operam das,
id. Am. 1, 1, 122:
bonam dedistis mihi operam,
a valuable service to me, id. Poen. 2, 3, 70; 3, 6, 11; id. Pers. 4, 7, 11; id. Rud. 3, 6, 11 (in a different sense: me bona opera aut mala Tibi inventurum esse auxilium argentarium, by fair or unfair means, id. Ps. 1, 1, 102;
v. e. infra): optima hereditas a patribus traditur liberis... gloria virtutis rerumque gestarum,
Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121:
bonum otium,
valuable leisure, Sall. C. 4, 1:
bonis versibus,
Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 74:
versus meliores,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 81:
meliora poemata,
Hor. A. P. 303:
in illa pro Ctesiphonte oratione longe optima,
Cic. Or. 8, 26:
optimas fabulas,
id. Off. 1, 31, 114:
melius munus,
id. Ac. 1, 2, 7.—
e.
Favorable, prosperous, lucky, fortunate:
de Procilio rumores non boni,
unfavorable rumors, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 5:
bona de Domitio, praeclara de Afranio fama est,
about their success in the war, id. ib. 7, 26, 1:
si fuisset in discipulo comparando meliore fortuna,
id. Pis. 29, 71; cf.
fortuna optima esse,
to be in the best pecuniary circumstances, id. ad Brut. 1, 1, 2:
occasio tam bona,
Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 9:
senex est eo meliore condicione quam adulesoens cum, etc.,
Cic. Sen. 19, 68; id. Fam. 4, 32:
bona navigatio,
id. N. D. 3, 34, 83;
esp. in phrase bona spes.—Object.: ergo in iis adulescentibus bonam spem esse dicemus et magnam indolem quos, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 117.—Subject.:
ego sum spe bona,
Cic. Fam. 12, 28, 3; id. Cat. 2, 11, 25; [p. 245] id. Att. 14, 1 a, 3; id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 16:
optima spe,
id. Fam. 12, 11, 2.—Pregn., = spes bonarum rerum, Sall. C. 21, 1;
v. C. 1. c. infra: meliora responsa,
more favorable, Liv. 7, 21, 6:
melior interpretatio,
Tac. H. 3, 65:
cum laude et bonis recordationibus,
id. A. 4, 38:
amnis Doctus iter melius,
i. e. less injurious, Hor. A. P. 68:
omen bonum,
a good, lucky omen, Cic. Pis. 13, 31; cf.
Liv. praef. § 13: melius omen,
Ov. F. 1, 221;
optimum,
Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 2:
bona scaeva,
Plaut. Stich. 5, 2, 24:
auspicio optumo,
id. ib. 3, 2, 6; cf.:
memini bene, sed meliore Tempore dicam = opportuniore tempore,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 68.—
f.
Of public affairs, si mihi bona re publica frui non licuerit, Cic. Mil. 34, 93:
optima res publica,
id. Or. 1, 1, 1; id. Phil. 1, 8, 19:
minus bonis temporibus,
id. Dom. 4, 8; so,
optimis temporibus,
id. Sest. 3, 6:
nostrae res meliore loco videbantur,
id. ad Brut. 1, 3, 1:
lex optima,
id. Pis. 16, 37; id. Sest. 64, 137; id. Phil, 1, 8, 19.—
g.
Good = large, considerable:
bono atque amplo lucro,
Plaut. Am. prol. 6:
bona librorum copia,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 109; cf.:
bona copia cornu,
Ov. M. 9, 88; v. bona pars, C. 8. g.—
h.
Noble; with genus, good family, noble extraction, honorable birth: quali me arbitraris genere prognatum? Eu. Bono, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 35; so id. Ep. 1, 2, 4; 2, 1, 3; id. Pers. 4, 4, 94:
si bono genere natus sit,
Auct. Her. 3, 7, 13.—
k.
Referring to good-will, kindness, faithfulness, in certain phrases.
(α).
Bona venia or cum bona venia, with the kind permission of a person addressed, especially bona venia orare, expetere, etc.:
primum abs te hoc bona venia expeto,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 31:
bona tua venia dixerim,
Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 34:
oravit bona venia Quirites, ne, etc.,
Liv. 7, 41, 3:
obsecro vos.. bona venia vestra liceat, etc.,
id. 6, 40, 10:
cum bona venia quaeso audiatis, etc.,
id. 29, 17, 6; Arn. c. Gent. 1, p. 5; cf.
. sed des veniam bonus oro = venia bona oro,
Hor. S. 2, 4, 5.—
(β).
Bona pax, without quarrelling:
bona pax sit potius,
let us have no quarrel about that, Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 7;
so especially cum bona pace, or bona pace: Hannibal ad Alpis cum bona pace incolentium... pervenit,
without a difficulty with the inhabitants, Liv. 21, 32, 6; 21, 24, 5; 1, 24, 3; 28, 37, 4; 8, 15, 1; cf.: si bonam (pacem) dederitis, = a fair peace, under acceptable conditions, id. 8, 21, 4.—
(γ).
Amicitia bona = bona fide servata, faithful, undisturbed friendship:
igitur amicitia Masinissae bona atque honesta nobis permansit,
Sall. J. 5, 5.—
(δ).
Bona societas, alliance:
Segestes, memoria bonae societatis, impavidus,
Tac. A. 1, 58.
C.
In particular phrases.
1.
Bonae res.
a.
= Vitae commoda, comforts of life, abstract or concrete:
concedatur bonis rebus homines morte privari,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 87:
optimis rebus usus est,
he had every most desirable thing, Nep. Att. 18, 1.—
b.
= Res secundae, opp. res adversae, prosperity:
bonis rebus tuis, meas irrides malas,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 45:
in bonis rebus,
Hor. C. 2, 3, 2. —
c.
Res bona = res familiaris bona, wealth ( poet.): in re bona esse, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4.—Also an object of value:
homines quibus mala abunde omnia erant, sed neque res neque spes bona ulla,
who had no property, nor the hope of any, Sall. C. 21, 1. —
d.
Costly things, articles of luxury:
capere urbem in Arabia plenam bonarum rerum,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 46; 4, 4, 82:
nimium rei bonae,
id. Stich. 2, 3, 55:
ignorantia bonarum rerum,
Nep. Ages. 8, 5 ' bonis rebus gaudere, Hor. S. 2, 6, 110:
re bona copiosum esse,
Gell. 16, 19, 7.—
e.
Moral, morally good:
illi cum res non bonas tractent,
Cic. Ac. 2, 33, 72:
ut de virtutibus et vitiis, omninoque de bonis rebus et malis quaererent,
id. ib. 1, 4, 15:
quid habemus in rebus bonis et malis explorati?
id. ib. 2, 42, 129; so id. Or. 1, 10, 42; id. Leg. 1, 22, 58:
quae tamen omnia dulciora fuint et moribus bonis et artibus,
id. Sen. 18, 65.—
f.
In literary composition, important or interesting matter, subjects, or questions:
res bonas verbis electis dictas quis non legat?
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 8:
studiis generorum, praesertim in re bona,
Plaut. Am. 8, 26.—
2.
Bonae artes.
(α).
A good, laudable way of dealing:
qui praeclari facinoris aut artis bonae famam quaerit,
Sall. C. 2, 9:
huic bonae artes desunt, dolis atque fallaciis contendit,
id. ib. 11, 2:
quod is bonarum artium cupiens erat,
Tac. A. 6, 46.—
(β).
Liberal arts and sciences:
litteris aut ulli bonae arti,
Quint. 12, 1, 7:
conservate civem bonarum artium, bonarum partium, bonorum virorum,
Cic. Sest. 32, 77. —Esp.:
optimae artes: optimarum artium scientia,
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 4; id. Ac. 2, 1, 1; id. Cael. 10, 24; id. Marcell. 1, 4.—
3.
Bona fides, or fides bona.
a.
Good faith, i. e. conscious honesty in acts or words: qui nummos fide bona solvit, who pays (the price of labor) in good faith, i. e. as it is honestly earned, Cato, R. R. 14:
dic, bona fide, tu id aurum non subripuisti?
Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 46; 4, 10, 47; id. Capt. 4, 2, 111; id. Most. 3, 1, 137; id. Poen. 1, 3, 30; id. Pers. 4, 3, 16; id. Ps. 4, 6, 33:
si tibi optima fide omnia concessit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 144; Quint. 10, 3, 23.—Hence, bonae fidei vir, a conscientious man, Quint. 10, 7, 1.—
b.
Jurid. t. t.
(α).
Good faith in contracts and legal acts in general, opposed to dolus malus, honesty and fairness in dealing with another:
ad fidem bonam statuit pertinere, notum esse emptori vitium quod nosset venditor,
Cic. Off. 3, 16, 67.—Hence, alienam rem bona fide emere, to buy, believing the seller to be the rightful owner, Dig. 41, 3, 10; 41, 3, 13, § 1. bonae fidei possessor (also possessio), believing that he is the rightful owner, ib. 5, 3, 25, § 11; 5, 3, 22; 41, 3, 15, § 2;
41, 3, 24: conventio contra bonam fidem et mores bonos,
ib. 16, 31, § 7: bonam fidem praestare, to be responsible for one ' s good faith, ib. 17, 1, 10 prooem.—Hence,
(β).
Bonae fidei actiones or judicia, actions in equity, i. e. certain classes of actions in which the strict civil law was set aside by the praetorian edict in favor of equity:
actiones quaedam bonae fidei sunt, quaedam stricti juris. Bonae fidei sunt haec: exempto vendito, locato conducto, etc.,
Just. Inst. 4, 6, 28, § 19.—In the republican time the praetor added in such actions to his formula for the judex the words ex fide bona, or, in full:
quidquid dare facere oportet ex fide bona,
Cic. Off. 3, 16, 66:
iste dolus malus et legibus erat vindicatus, et sine lege, judiciis in quibus additur ex fide bona,
id. ib. 3, 15, 61; cf. id. ib. 3, 17, 70.—
4.
Bona verba.
(α).
Kind words:
Bona verba quaeso,
Ter. And. 1, 2, 33.—
(β).
Words of good omen (v. omen):
dicamus bona verba,
Tib. 2, 2, 1:
dicite suffuso ter bona verba mero,
Ov. F. 2, 638.—
(γ).
Elegant or well-chosen expressions:
quid est tam furiosum quam verborum vel optimorum atque ornatissimorum sonitus inanis,
Cic. Or. 1, 12, 51:
verborum bonorum cursu,
id. Brut. 66, 233:
omnia verba sunt alicubi optima,
Quint. 10, 1, 9.—
(δ).
Moral sayings:
non est quod contemnas bona verba et bonis cogitationibus plena praecordia,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 1. —
5.
Bona dicta.
(α).
Polite, courteous language:
hoc petere me precario a vobis jussit leniter dictis bonis,
Plaut. Am. prol. 25.—
(β).
Witticisms ( bon-mots): flammam a sapiente facilius ore in ardente opprimi, quam bona dicta teneat, Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 2, 54, 222:
dico unum ridiculum dictum de dictis melioribus quibus solebam menstruales epulas ante adipiscier,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 22:
ibo intro ad libros ut discam de dictis melioribus,
id. Stich. 2, 3, 75.—
6.
Bona facta.
(α).
= bene facta (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.), laudable deeds:
nobilitas ambobus et majorum bona facta (sc. erant),
Tac. A. 3, 40.—
(β).
Bonum factum est, colloq., = bene est, bene factum est (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.):
bonum factum est, ut edicta servetis mea,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 16:
haec imperata quae sunt pro imperio histrico, bonum hercle factum (est) pro se quisque ut meminerit,
id. ib. 45.— Hence,
(γ).
Elliptically, introducing commands which cannot be enforced, = if you will do so, it will be well:
peregrinis in senatum allectis, libellus propositus est: bonum factum, ne quis senatori novo curiam monstrare velit,
Suet. Caes. 80:
et Chaldaeos edicere: bonum factum, ne Vitellius... usquam esset,
id. Vit. 14:
hac die Carthaginem vici: bonum factum, in Capitolium eamus, et deos supplicemus,
Aur. Vict. 49; cf.:
o edictum, cui adscribi non poterit bonum factum,
Tert. Pud. 1.—
7.
Bona gratia.
(α).
A friendly understanding:
cur non videmus inter nos haec potius cum bona Ut componantur gratia quam cum mala?
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17; so,
per gratiam bonam abire,
to part with good feelings, Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 33.—In jest: sine bona gratia abire, of things cast away, Plaut Truc. 2, 7, 15.—
(β).
Pleon., in the phrase bonam gratiam habere, = gratiam habere, to thank (v. B. 2. k.), Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 32; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 99.—
8.
Bona pars.
(α).
The well-disposed part of a body of persons:
ut plerumque fit, major pars (i. e. of the senate) meliorem vicit,
Liv. 21, 4, 1:
pars melior senatus ad meliora responsa trahere,
id. 7, 21, 6.—
(β).
The good party, i. e. the optimates (gen. in plur.):
civem bonarum partium,
Cic. Sest. 32, 77:
(fuit) meliorum partium aliquando,
id. Cael. 6, 13:
qui sibi gratiam melioris partis velit quaesitam,
Liv. 2, 44, 3.—Paronom.: (Roscius) semper partium in re publica tam quam in scaena optimarum, i. e. party and part in a drama, Cic. Sest. 56, 120.—
(γ).
Of things or persons, a considerable part (cf. a good deal):
bonam partem ad te adtulit,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 43:
bonam partem sermonis in hunc diem esse dilatam,
Cic. Or. 2, 3, 14:
bonam magnamque partem exercitus,
Val. Max. 5, 2, ext. 4:
bona pars noctium,
Quint. 12, 11, 19:
bona pars hominum,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 61:
meae vocis... bona pars,
id. C. 4, 2, 46; so id. A. P. 297; Ov. P. 1, 8, 74:
melior pars diei,
Verg. A. 9, 156.—
(δ).
Rarely, and mostly eccl. Lat.: optima pars, the best part or lot:
nostri melior pars animus est,
Sen. Q. N. 1, prooem. § 14; cf.:
quae pars optima est in homine,
best, most valuable, Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 67:
major pars aetatis, certe melior reipublicae data sit,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 18, 1:
Maria optimam partem elegit, quae non auferetur ab ea,
Vulg. Luc. 10, 42.—
(ε).
Adverb.:
bonam partem = ex magna parte,
Lucr. 6, 1249.—
(ζ).
Aliquem in optimam partem cognoscere, to know somebody from his most favorable side, Cic. Off. 2, 13, 46: aliquid in optimam partem accipere, to take something in good part, interpret it most favorably:
Caesar mihi ignoscit quod non venerim, seseque in optimam partem id accipere dicit,
id. Att. 10, 3 a, 2; id. ad Brut. 1, 2, 3:
quaeso ut hoc in bonam partem accipias,
id. Rosc. Am. 16, 45.—
9.
Dies bonus or bona.
(α).
A day of good omen, a fortunate day (= dies laetus, faustus):
tum tu igitur die bono, Aphrodisiis, addice, etc.,
Plaut. Poen. 2, 49:
nunc dicenda bona sunt bona verba die,
Ov. F. 1, 72.—
(β).
A beautiful, serene day, Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 3.—
10.
Bonus mos.
(α).
Boni mores, referring to individuals, good, decent, moral habits:
nihil est amabilius quam morum similitudo bonorum,
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 56:
nam hic nimium morbus mores invasit bonos,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 6:
domi militiaeque boni mores colebantur,
Sall. C. 9, 1:
propter ejus suavissimos et optimos mores,
Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13:
cum per tot annos matronae optimis moribus vixerint,
Liv. 34, 6, 9:
mores meliores,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 18.—
(β).
Bonus mos or boni mores, in the abstract, morality, the laws, rules of morality: ei vos morigerari mos bonu'st, it is a rule of morality that you should, etc., Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 4:
ex optimo more et sanctissima disciplina,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69:
neglegentia boni moris,
Sen. Ep. 97, 1.—Jurid. t. t.:
conventio, mandatum contra bonos mores,
in conflict with morality, Quint. 3, 1, 57; Dig. 16, 3, 1, § 7; Gai. Inst. 3, 157 et saep. —
11.
Adverbial phrases.
a.
Bono animo esse, or bonum animum habere.
(α).
To be of good cheer or courage:
bono animo es! Liberabit ille te homo,
Plaut. Merc 3, 1, 33; so id. Aul. 4, 10, 61; id. Mil. 4, 8, 32; id. Rud. 3, 3, 17; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 4; id. Heaut. 4, 6, 18; id. Ad. 2, 4, 20; 3, 5, 1; 4, 2, 4; 4, 5, 62; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 72:
animo bono es,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 103; id. Am. 2, 2, 48; 5, 2, 1:
bono animo es, inquit Scrofa, et fiscinam expedi,
Varr. R. R. 1, 26:
bono animo sint et tui et mei familiares,
Cic. Fam. 6, 18, 1; 6, 10, 29:
bono animo esse jubere eam consul,
Liv. 39, 13, 7:
habe modo bonum animum,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 58; so id. Am. 1, 3, 47; id. Truc. 2, 6, 44; id. Aul. 2, 2, 15:
habe animum bonum,
id. Cas. 2, 6, 35; id. Ep. 2, 2, 1; 4, 2, 31:
bonum animum habe,
Liv. 45, 8, 5:
clamor ortus ut bonum animum haberet,
id. 8, 32, 1; so Sen. Ep. 87, 38.—
(β).
Bono animo esse, or facere aliquid, to be of a good or friendly disposition, or to do with good, honest intentions:
audire jubet vos imperator histricus, bonoque ut animo sedeant in subselliis qui, etc.,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 5: sunt enim (consules) [p. 246] optimo animo, summo consilio, of the best disposition, Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 2:
bono te animo tum populus Romanus... dicere existimavit ea quae sentiebatis, sed, etc.,
id. Imp. Pomp. 19, 56:
quod nondum bono animo in populum Romanum viderentur,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; Quint. 7, 4, 15.—
(γ).
Bonus animus, good temper, patience:
bonus animus in mala re dimidium mali est,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 37:
vos etiam hoc animo meliore feratis,
Ov. M. 9, 433.—
b.
Bono modo.
(α).
= placide, with composure, moderation:
si quis quid deliquerit, pro noxa bono modo vindicet,
Cato, R. R. 5:
haec tibi tam sunt defendenda quam moenia, mihi autem bono modo, tantum quantum videbitur,
Cic. Ac. 2, 44, 137.—
(β).
In a decent manner:
neu quisquam prohibeto filium quin amet... quod bono fiat modo,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 62. —
c.
Jure optimo or optimo jure, with good, perfect right:
te ipse jure optumo incuses licet,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 23; id. Rud. 2, 6, 53:
ut jure optimo me deserere posses,
Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 6; Sen. Ot. Sap. 2 (29), 2.—With pass. or intr. verb, deservedly:
ne jure optimo irrideamur,
Cic. Off. 1, 31, 111; cf. id. ib. 1, 42, 151; id. Marcell. 1, 4;
similarly, optimo judicio,
Val. Max. 2, 9, 2.
II.
As subst.
A.
bŏnus, boni, m.; of persons.
1.
In sing. or plur. orig. = bonus vir, boni viri; v. I. A. 1. a. b, supra, a morally good man.
(α).
Plur.:
bonis quod bene fit haud perit,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 2; id. Capt. 2, 2, 108; id. Trin. 2, 1, 55; id. Pers. 4, 5, 2:
melius apud bonos quam apud fortunatos beneficium collocari puto,
Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71:
verum esse ut bonos boni diligant, quamobrem... bonis inter bonos quasi necessariam (esse) benevolentiam,
id. Lael. 14, 50:
diverso itinere malos a bonis loca taetra... habere,
Sall. C. 52, 13; 7, 2; 52, 22:
oderunt peccare boni virtutis amore,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 52:
tam bonis quam malis conduntur urbes,
Sen. Ben. 4, 28, 4; so id. Vit. Beat. 15, 6; Quint. 9, 2, 76.—Rarely bŏnae, arum, f., good women:
quia omnes bonos bonasque adcurare addecet, etc.,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 41.—
(β).
Sing.:
malus bonum malum esse volt ut sit sui similis,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 8:
nec enim cuique bono mali quidquam evenire potest,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 99; cf.:
qui meliorem audax vocet in jus,
Hor. S. 2, 5, 29.—
2.
Bonus, a man of honor.
(α).
A brave man:
pro qua (patria) quis bonus dubitet mortem oppetere si ei sit profuturus?
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 57:
libertatem quam nemo bonus nisi cum anima simul amittat,
Sall. C. 33, 5:
fortes creantur fortibus et bonis,
Hor. C. 4, 4, 29 (opp. ignavi):
fama impari boni atque ignavi erant,
Sall. J. 57, 6; 53, 8; id. C. 11, 2. —
(β).
A gentleman:
quis enim umquam, qui paululum modo bonorum consuetudinem nosset, litteras ad se ab amico missas... in medium protulit?
Cic. Phil. 2, 4, 7.—
3.
Boni, the better (i. e. higher) classes of society.
(α).
In gen. (of political sentiments, = optimates, opp. populares, seditiosi, perditi cives, etc.;
so usu. in Cic.): meam causam omnes boni proprie enixeque susceperant,
Cic. Sest. 16, 38:
audaces homines et perditi nutu impelluntur... boni, nescio quomodo, tardiores sunt, etc.,
id. ib. 47, 100:
ego Kal. Jan. senatum et bonos omnes legis agrariae... metu liberavi,
id. Pis. 2, 4:
etenim omnes boni, quantum in ipsis fuit, Caesarem occiderunt,
id. Phil. 2, 13, 29; id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; 5, 21, 2; id. Sest. 2, 5; 16, 36; 48, 103; id. Planc. 35, 86; id. Mil. 2, 5; id. Off. 2. 12, 43:
maledictis increpat omnes bonos,
Sall. C. 21, 4; 19, 2; 33, 3; Hirt. B. G. 8, 22; so,
optimi,
Cic. Leg. 3, 17, 37; and, ironically, boni identified with the rich:
bonorum, id est lautorum et locupletum,
id. Att. 8, 1, 3.—
(β).
Without reference to political views;
opp. vulgus (rare): nihil ego istos moror fatuos mores quibus boni dedecorant se,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 22:
semper in civitate quibus opes nullae sunt bonis invident,
Sall. C. 37, 3:
elatus est sine ulla pompa funeris, comitantibus omnibus bonis, maxima vulgi frequentia,
Nep. Att. 22, 2.—So, mĕlĭōres, um, m., one ' s betters:
ut quaestui habeant male loqui melioribus,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 13:
da locum melioribus,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 37.—
4.
Boni, bone, in addresses, as an expression of courtesy, Hor. S. 2, 2, 1; 2, 6, 51; 2, 6, 95; id. Ep. 2, 2, 37; ironice, id. S. 2, 3, 31.—
5.
Optimus quisque = quivis bonus, omnes boni.
(α).
Referring to morality:
esse aliquid natura pulcrum quod optimus quisque sequeretur,
every good man, Cic. Sen. 13, 43:
qui ita se gerebant ut sua consilia optimo cuique probarent, optimates habebantur,
id. Sest. 45, 96; id. Off. 1, 43, 154; id. Fin. 1, 7, 24; id. Sest. 54, 115; and = even the best:
quare deus optimum quemque mala valetudine adficit?
Sen. Prov. 4, 8.—
(β).
Of the educated classes:
adhibenda est quaedam reverentia adversus homines, et optimi cujusque et reliquorum,
Cic. Off. 1, 28, 99; cf. id. ib. 1, 25, 85:
Catilina plerisque consularibus, praeterea optumo cuique, litteras mittit,
Sall. C. 34, 2:
optimo cuique infesta libertas,
Sen. Ot. Sap. 8, 2 (32 fin.).—
(γ).
Honorable, brave:
optumus quisque cadere et sauciari, ceteris metus augeri,
Sall. J. 92, 8.—
(δ).
In gen., excellent:
optimus quisque facere quam dicere... malebat,
Sall. C. 8, 5.—
(ε).
Distributively:
ita imperium semper ad optumum quemque a minus bono transfertur,
to the best man in each instance, Sall. C. 2, 6.—
(ζ).
Referring to another superlative ( = quo quisque melior eo magis, etc.):
hic aditus laudis qui semper optimo cuique maxime patuit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 1; so id. Lael. 4, 14; id. Inv. 2, 11, 36; Sen. Vit. Beat. 18, 1.—
(η).
Attributively, with a noun:
optimam quamque causam,
Cic. Sest. 43, 93:
optima quaeque dies,
Verg. G. 3, 66.
2.
bŏnum, i, n., plur. bona; mĕlĭus, ōris, n.; optĭmum, i, n. (v. infra); of things in gen.
1.
Bonum, or plur. bona, a good, or goods in a moral and metaphysical sense, a moral good, a blessing: sunt autem hae de finibus defensae sententiae: nihil bonum nisi honestum, ut Stoici; nihil bonum nisi voluptatem, ut Epicurus;
nihil bonum nisi vacuitatem doloris, ut Hieronymus... tria genera bonorum, maxima animi, secunda corporis, externa tertia, ut Peripatetici, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 30, 84 sq.:
quid est igitur bonum? Si quid recte fit et honeste et cum virtute, id bene fieri vere dicitur, et quod rectum et honestum et cum virtute est, id solum opinor bonum,
id. Par. 1, 1, 9:
ut quis intellegat, quid sit illud simplex et verum bonum quod non possit ab honestate sejungi,
id. Ac. 1, 2, 7:
non-est igitur voluptas bonum,
id. Fin. 1, 11, 39: finis bonorum et malorum (telos agathôn) = summa bona et mala:
sunt nonnullae disciplinae quae, propositis bonorum et malorum finibus, officium omne pervertant. Nam qui summum bonum sic instituit ut, etc.,
id. Off. 1, 2, 5; cf. id. Par. 1, 3, 14; id. Ac. 2, 9, 29; 2, 36, 114; 2, 42, 129; id. Fin. 1, 9, 29; 1, 12, 42; id. Tusc. 4, 31, 66; Sen. Vit. Beat. 24, 5; id. Ep. 117, 1 et saep.—
2.
Bonum, what is valuable, beneficial, estimable, favorable, pleasant, physically or mentally:
quoi boni Tantum adfero quantum ipsus a diis optat,
Plaut. Capt. 4, 1, 9:
multa bona vobis volt facere,
will do you much good, id. Poen. 5, 4, 60; id. Am. prol. 43, 49; id. Pers. 4, 8, 4; 2, 3, 14; id. Cas. 2, 8, 32:
tum demum nostra intellegemus bona quom ea amisimus,
id. Capt. 1, 2, 33:
multa tibi di dent bona,
id. Poen. 1, 1, 80; cf. id. ib. 3, 3, 54; 3, 3, 74; id. Mil. 3, 1, 120; id. Men. 3, 3, 34; id. Pers. 4, 3, 23; id. Truc. 1, 2, 23; id. Merc. 1, 2, 40; id. Most. 1, 1, 47:
omnia Bona dicere,
to speak in the highest terms of one, Ter. And. 1, 1, 70:
sed ne vivus quidem bono caret, si eo non indiget,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 88:
cum quaecumque bona Peripateticis, eadem Stoicis commoda viderentur,
id. ib. 5, 41, 120:
nihil enim boni nosti,
nothing that is good for any thing, id. Phil. 2, 7, 16:
mala pro bonis legere dementia est,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 6, 1; Val. Max. 5, 3, ext. 3 fin.; Hor. S. 1, 2, 73:
quia bonum sit valere,
a good thing, Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 62 (cf. III. A. 5. infra):
melius: quo quidem haud scio an... quidquam melius sit homini a dis immortalibus datum,
id. Lael. 6, 20:
meliora... Aristotelem de istis rebus scripsisse,
id. Or. 1, 10, 43:
optimum: difficillimum est formam exponere optimi,
id. ib. 11, 36.— Here belongs the phrase boni consulere;
v. consulo.—So after prepositions: in bonum vertere, v. under verto: in melius ire,
to change for the better, Tac. A. 12, 68.—In the same sense: in melius aliquid referre, or reflectere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 281; 11, 426; 10, 632:
ad melius transcurrere,
to pass over to something better, Hor. S. 2, 2, 82.—
3.
Bonum or bona, prosperity:
fortiter malum qui patitur, idem post patitur bonum,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 58:
nulli est homini perpetuum bonum,
id. Curc. 1, 3, 33:
unā tecum bona, mala tolerabimus,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 23:
quibus in bonis fuerint et nunc quibus in malis sint, ostenditur ( = in secundis, in adversis rebus),
Cic. Inv. 1, 55, 107.—
4.
Good qualities, gifts:
omnia adsunt bona, quem penes'st virtus,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 30:
magnis illi et divinis bonis hanc licentiam adsequebantur,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148:
nisi qui se suā gravitate et castimoniā... tum etiam naturali quodam bono defenderet, etc.,
id. Cael. 5, 11:
hunc meā sententiā divinis quibusdam bonis instructum atque ornatum puto,
id. ib. 17, 39:
non intellego quod bonum cuiquam sit apud tales viros profuturum,
id. Balb. 28, 63:
gaude isto tuo tam excellenti bono,
id. Marcell. 6, 19; so id. Imp. Pomp. 16, 49.—
5.
Advantage, benefit:
si plus adipiscare, re explicatā, boni, quam addubitatā mali,
Cic. Off. 1, 24, 83:
saepe cogitavi bonine an mali plus adtulerit... eloquentiae studium,
id. Inv. 1, 1, 1; 2, 35, 106; id. Off. 2, 2, 5; id. Sest. 10, 24:
maximum bonum in celeritate ponebat,
Sall. C. 43, 4; so, bono publico (abl.), for the public good:
hoc ita si fit, publico fiat bono,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 183; Liv. 2, 44, 3; Dig. 41, 3, 1.—
6.
With aequum, what is fair and good, the fair ( thing), fairness, equity:
si bonum aequomque oras,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 149; so id. Pers. 3, 1, 71; id. Rud. 1, 2, 94; id. Men. 4, 2, 11:
si tu aliquam partem aequi bonique dixeris,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 32; id. Heaut. 4, 1, 29; id. Ad. 1, 1, 39:
a quo vivo nec praesens nec absens quidquam aequi bonique impetravit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 94.—Hence, aequo et bono, or ex aequo et bono, in ( with) fairness, in equity, Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 30; Auct. Her. 2, 10, 14; 2, 12, 18; 2, 13, 20; Gai. Inst. 3, 137: aequi bonique, as gen. of value, with facere:
istuc, Chreme, Aequi bonique facio,
I place a fair and proper value on it, Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 40.—
7.
Bona, one ' s property, fortunes, almost always denoting the whole of one's possessions.
a.
In gen.:
paterna oportet reddi filio bona,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 120:
bona sua med habiturum omnia,
id. Truc. 2, 4, 49; cf. id. ib. 2, 7, 6; 4, 2, 29; id. Rud. 2, 6, 22; id. Most. 1, 3, 77; id. Trin. 4, 4, 3; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 4:
bona mea diripiebantur atque ad consulem deferebantur,
Cic. Sest. 24, 54:
cum de capite, civis et de bonis proscriptio ferretur,
id. ib. 30, 65:
bona, fortunas, possessiones omnium,
id. Caecin. 13, 38:
at mulctantur bonis exsules,
id. Tusc. 5, 37, 106; id. Off. 2, 23, 81; id. Par. 1, 1, 7; id. Sest. 19, 42; 43, 94; 52, 111; id. Phil. 2, 26, 64; Caes. B. G. 7, 3; Liv. 2, 3, 5; 2, 5, 5; 4, 15, 8; Tac. A. 2, 48; Quint. 6, 1, 19 et saep.—
b.
Bonorum possessio, the possession of one ' s property by another.
(α).
Bonorum possessio in consequence of bonorum cessio, i. e. an assignment of one ' s property for the benefit of creditors, Dig. 42, tit. 3.—
(β).
Bonorum possessio granted by the prætor against a contumacious or insolvent debtor (in bona mittere, in bona ire jubere, bona possidere jubere, etc.); cf. Dig. 42, tit. 4:
postulat a Burrieno Naevius ut ex edicto bona possidere liceat,
Cic. Quint. 6, 25, and the whole of c. 8:
edixit... neu quis militis... bona possideret aut venderet,
Liv. 2, 24, 6:
bona proscribere,
to offer the property thus transferred for sale, Cic. Quint. 6, 25.—
(γ).
Chiefly referring to the property of a defunct person (hereditas), where the prætor, till the heir had proved his right, granted a bonorum possessio secundum tabulas or contra tabulas, Dig. 37, tit. 4; 37, tit. 11.—
c.
In bonis esse;
with reference to the older civil law, which distinguished between civil property (habere rem ex jure Quiritium) and natural property (rem in bonis habere, res in bonis est),
Gai. Inst. 2, 40, 41; Dig. 40, 12, 38, § 2; 37, 6, 2, § 1; 37, 6, 3, § 2; ib. Fragm. 1, 16; Gai. Inst. 1, 22; 1, 35; 1, 222; 1, 167; Dig. 1, 8, 1; 27, 10, 10:
neque bonorum possessorum, neque... res pleno jure fiunt, sed in bonis efficiuntur,
ib. Fragm. 3, 80.—Hence, nullam omnino arbitrabamur de eā hereditate controversiam eum habiturum, et est hodie in bonis, i. e. [p. 247] the bonorum possessio has been granted to him, which did not give full ownership, but effected only that the hereditas was in bonis. Cic. Fam. 13, 30, 1.
III.
Predicative use.
A.
With nouns or pronouns as subjects.
1.
Bonum esse, to be morally good, honest:
nunc mihi bonae necessum est esse ingratiis, Quamquam esse nolo,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 82:
bonam ego quam beatam me esse nimio dici mavolo,
id. Poen. 1, 2, 93; so id. Capt. 2, 1, 44; id. Men. 4, 2, 6; id. Rud. prol. 29:
itaque viros fortes magnanimos eosdem, bonos et simplices... esse volumus,
Cic. Off. 1, 19, 63; cf. id. ib. 3, 21, 84; id. Att. 15, 6, 1:
Cato esse quam videri bonus malebat,
Sall. C. 54, 5:
ut politiora, non ut meliora fiant ingenia,
Val. Max. 5, 4, ext. 5 fin. —
2.
To be beneficial, prosperous, advantageous, valuable, favorable, serviceable, correct, with reference to both persons and things as subjects, and in regard to physical and mental relations:
jam istuc non bonumst,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 29; Cato, R. R. 157:
oleum viridius et melius fiet,
id. ib. 3:
vinum ut alvum bonam faciat,
to correct the bowels, id. ib. 156:
quid est homini salute melius?
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 127:
non optuma haec sunt, verum meliora quam deterruma,
id. Trin. 2, 3, 1:
quid est quod huc possit quod melius sit accedere?
Cic. Fin. 1, 12, 41; 1, 18, 57; id. Tusc. 1, 41, 99:
in quo (vestitu), sicut in plerisque rebus, mediocritas optima est,
id. Off. 1, 36, 130; 2, 17, 59; id. Inv. 1, 31, 51; id. Or. 2, 6; 11, 36:
meliorem tamen militem... in futura proelia id certamen fecit,
Liv. 2, 51, 3:
parvus ut est cygni melior canor, ille gruum quam Clamor,
Lucr. 4, 181; 4, 191:
si meliora dies, ut vina, poemata reddit,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 34.—So in the optative formula:
quod bonum, faustum, felixque sit,
Liv. 1, 28, 7; 1, 17, 10; 39, 15, 1; 3, 54;
3, 34.—Also, quod bonum atque fortunatum mihi sit,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 50;
and with a noun as subject: ut nobis haec habitatio Bona, fausta, felix, fortunataque evenat,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 3.—
3.
To be kind:
bonus cum probis'st (erus), malus cum malis,
Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 22:
hic si vellet bonus ac benignus Esse,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 52.—
4.
With reference to the gods:
ecastor ambae (Fortuna et Salus sunt bonae,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 129:
Palladis aut oculos ausa negare bonos (esse),
Prop. 3, 24, 12 (2, 28, 12).—
B.
Impers.
1.
Bonum est (very rare for the class. bene est; v. bene).
(α).
Without a subject:
bonum sit!
may it be fortunate, favorable! Verg. E. 8, 106.—
(β).
With subject inf.:
nam et stulte facere, et stulte fabularier in aetate haud bonum est,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 61:
bonum est pauxillum amare, insane non bonum est,
id. Curc. 1, 3,20.—
2.
Melius est.
(α).
With subject inf.:
melius sanam est mentem sumere,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 51:
nihil sentire est melius quam tam prava sentire,
Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125; cf. id. Fin. 1, 19, 62; id. Off. 1, 43, 156; so,
melius fuit, fuisset, or fuerat,
it would have been better, id. N. D. 3, 33; id. Sen. 23, 82; id. Off. 3, 25, 94:
proinde quiesse erit melius,
Liv. 3, 48, 3; 3, 41, 3; Verg. A. 11, 303.—
(β).
With subject inf.-clause:
meliu'st te quae sunt mandata tibi praevortier,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 125; id. Men. 5, 9, 32.—
(γ).
With ut-clause:
quid melius quam ut hinc intro abeam et me suspendam clanculum,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 145; so id. Ps. 4, 7, 18.—
(δ).
With subjectclause in the subjunctive:
nunc quid mihi meliu'st quam ilico hic opperiar erum,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 22.—
3.
Optimum est.
(α).
With subject inf.:
optimum visum est, captivos quam primum deportare,
Liv. 23, 34, 8:
si quis dicit optimum esse navigare,
Sen. Ot. Sap. 8, 4 (32 fin.); so, optimum fuit, it would have been better, and optimum erat, it would be better, Quint. 6, prooem. 3; 11, 2, 33; Hor. S. 2, 1, 7.—
(β).
With inf.-clause:
constituerunt optimum esse, domum suam quemque reverti,
Caes. B. G. 2, 10: optimum visum est, in fluctuantem aciem tradi equos, etc., Liv 6, 24, 10; 22, 27, 6.—
(γ).
With ut and subj:
hoc vero optimum, ut is qui, etc., id ultimum bonorum, id ipsum quid et quale sit nesciat,
Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 6.—
(δ).
With quod:
illa vero optima (sunt) quod cum Haluntium venisset Archagathum vocari jussit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 51:
optimum vero (est) quod dictaturae nomen in perpetuum de re publica sustulisti,
id. Phil. 2, 36, 91.—
(ε).
With second sup., in the phrase optumum factu est (where factu is redundant):
sed hoc mihi optumum factu arbitror,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 16:
optimum factu esse duxerant frumento... nostros prohibere,
Caes. B. G. 4, 30:
optumum factu credens exercitum augere,
Sall. C. 32, 1 (Kritz, factum); 57, 5 (Kritz, factum).
IV.
Ellipt. use: di meliora, i. e. dent or velint, i. e. let the gods grant better things than what you say, etc.; God forbid! in full:
di melius duint,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 16:
di meliora velint!
Ov. M. 7, 37.—Ellipt.:
di meliora! inquit,
Cic. Sen. 14, 47:
id ubi mulier audivit, perturbata, dii meliora inquit, etc.,
Liv. 39, 10, 2; 9, 9, 6; Verg. G. 3, 513;
similarly, di melius, i. e. fecerunt,
Val. Max. 6, 1, ext. 3.
V.
With object expressed,
1.
By dat.
(α).
= good, useful, beneficial for:
ambula, id lieni optumum est,
Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 25:
quia vobis eadem quae mihi bona malaque esse intellexi,
Sall. C. 20, 3:
bona bello Cornus, jaculis, etc.,
Verg. G. 2, 447.—
(β).
= benignus or propitius, kind to:
vicinis bonus esto,
Cato, R. R. 4:
bene merenti mala es, male merenti bona es,
Plaut. As. 1, 2, 3:
vos o mihi Manes, Este boni,
Verg. A. 12, 647.—
(γ).
= idoneus, fit for, adapted to:
qui locus vino optimus dicetur esse,
Cato, R. R. 6:
tum erit ei rei optumum tempus,
id. ib. 26:
terra cui putre solum, Optima frumentis,
Verg. G. 2, 205; 2, 319; 1, 286.—
(δ).
With sum and dat., in the phrase alicui bono est, it is of service to one, profits him:
accusant in quibus occidi patrem Sex. Roscii bono fuit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 13:
bono fuisse Romanis adventum eorum constabat,
Liv. 7, 12, 4.—Hence, with rel. dat.: cui bono (est), for whose advantage it is:
quod si quis usurpet illud Cassianum cui bono fuerit, etc.,
Cic. Phil. 2, 14, 35:
cui bono fuisset,
id. Rosc. Am. 30, 84; id. Mil. 12, 32 Ascon. ad loc.; cf.
ellipt. form cui bono?
Prisc. p. 1208 P.—
(ε).
With dat. gerund:
ager oleto conserundo qui in Favonium spectavit, aliis bonus nullus erit,
Cato, R. R. 6; Varr. R. R. 1, 24:
(mons) quia pecori bonus alendo erat,
Liv. 29, 31; 9, 10.—
2.
By ad and acc.:
refert et ad quam rem bona aut non bona sit,
Varr. R. R. 1, 91:
occasio quaeritur idoneane fuerit ad rem adoriendam, an alia melior,
Auct. Her. 2, 4, 7:
non campos modo militi Romano ad proelium bonos, etc.,
Tac. A. 2, 14.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > meliores

118 optimum

bŏnus (old form dŭonus, Carm. Sall. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 26 Mull.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 67 Mull.), a, um, adj. [for duonus, cf. bellum, bis, and cf. root dvi-; hence deidô, deos], good; comp. melior, us [cf. Gr. mala, mallon], better; sup. optimus ( optumus, ante-class. and often class.) [root opof ops, opes; cf. copia, apiscor], best.
I.
Attributively.
A.
As adjunct of nouns denoting persons.
1.
Vir bonus.
(α).
A man morally good (kalos kagathos):
quoniam boni me viri pauperant, improbi alunt,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 60:
omnibus virtutibus instructos et ornatos tum sapientes, tum viros bonos dicimus,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 10, 28:
ille vir bonus qui... intolerabili dolore lacerari potius quam aut officium prodat aut fidem,
id. Ac. 2, 8, 23:
sive vir bonus est is qui prodest quibus potest, nocet nemini, certe istum virum bonum non facile reperimus,
id. Off. 3, 15, 64:
qui se ita gerunt ut eorum probitas, fides, integritas, etc.... hos viros bonos... appellandos putemus,
id. Lael. 5, 19:
non intellegunt se de callido homine loqui, non de bono viro,
id. Att. 7, 2, 4:
ut quisque est vir optimus, ita difficillime esse alios improbos suspicatur,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4, § 12:
nec enim melior vir fuit Africano quisquam, nec clarior,
id. Lael. 2, 6; id. Leg. 1, 14, 41; 1, 18, 48; id. Planc. 4, 9; id. Par. 3, 1, 21; id. Marcell. 6, 20; id. Fam. 7, 21; id. Off. 2, 16, 57.—
(β).
An honest man:
justitia, ex qua viri boni nominantur,
Cic. Off. 1, 7, 21; 1, 44, 155; 2, 11, 39; 2, 12, 42; 2, 20, 71;
3, 12, 50: cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir bonus esset,
id. ib. 3, 19, 77:
quoniam Demosthenes nec vir bonus esset, nec bene meritus de civitate,
id. Opt. Gen. 7, 20; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116.—
(γ).
A man of good standing in the community:
id viri boni arbitratu deducetur,
Cato, R. R. 143; so id. ib. 149:
tuam partem viri bono arbitratu... dari oportet,
Dig. 17, 1, [p. 244] 35;
37, 6, 2, § 2: quem voles virum bonum nominato,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 55:
vir bonus est... quo res sponsore, et quo causae teste tenentur,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 40.—Hence, ironically of wealthy men:
praetores jus dicunt, aediles ludos parant, viri boni usuras perscribunt,
Cic. Att. 9, 12, 3.—
(δ).
Ironically of bad men:
sed eccum lenonem Lycum, bonum virum,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 52; Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 9; 4, 3, 18; id. Ad. 3, 4, 30:
expectabam quinam isti viri boni testes hujus manifesto deprehensi veneni dicerentur,
Cic. Cael. 26, 63:
nam socer ejus, vir multum bonus est,
id. Agr. 3, 3, 13;
so especially in addresses (mostly comic.): age tu, illuc procede, bone vir!
Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 1; id. Curc. 5, 2, 12; id. Ps. 4, 7, 48; id. Pers. 5, 2, 11; Ter. And. 3, 5, 10; 5, 2, 5; id. Ad. 4, 2, 17; id. Eun. 5, 2, 11:
quid tu, vir optime? Ecquid habes quod dicas?
Cic. Rosc. Am. 36, 104.—
(ε).
Sometimes boni viri = boni, in the sense of optimates (v. I. A. 3.):
bonis viris quid juris reliquit tribunatus C. Gracchi?
Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20.—
(ζ).
As a conventional courtesy:
homines optimi non intellegunt, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 25:
bone accusator,
id. Rosc. Am. 21, 58:
sic illum amicum vocasti, quomodo omnes candidatos bonos viros dicimus,
gentlemen, Sen. Ep. 3, 1.—For bonus vir, a good husband, v. 3.; and for vir optimus, as a laudatory epithet, v. 5.—
2.
Boni homines (rare) = boni, better classes of society, v. II. A. 3:
in foro infimo boni homines atque dites ambulant,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14.—
3.
With nouns denoting persons in regard to their functions, offices, occupations, and qualities, denoting excellence:
bonus consul,
Liv. 4, 40, 6; 22, 39, 2 (different: consules duos, bonos quidem, sed dumtaxat bonos, amisimus, consuls of good sentiments, almost = bad consuls, Cic. ad Brut. 1, 3, 4):
boni tribuni plebis,
Cic. Phil. 1, 10, 25:
bonus senator,
id. Prov. Cons. 15, 37:
senator bonus,
id. Dom. 4, 8:
bonus judex,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 15, § 34:
bonus augur (ironically),
id. Phil. 2, 32, 80:
bonus vates,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 27:
bonus imperator,
Sall. C. 60, 4:
bonus dux,
Quint. 12, 1, 43 (cf. trop.:
naturam, optimam ducem,
the best guide, Cic. Sen. 2, 5):
bonus miles,
Sall. C. 60, 4; Sen. Vit. Beat. 15, 5:
bonus orator,
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 10:
optimus orator,
id. Opt. Gen. 1, 3:
poeta bonus,
id. de Or. 1, 3, 11; 2, 46, 194; id. Fin. 1, 3, 10:
scriptor bonus,
Quint. 10, 1, 104:
bonus advocatus,
id. 5, 13, 10:
bonus defensor,
id. 5, 13, 3:
bonus altercator,
a good debater, id. 6, 4, 10:
bonus praeceptor,
id. 5, 13, 44; 10, 5, 22:
bonus gubernator,
Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 100:
optimus opifex,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 133:
sutor bonus,
id. ib. 1, 3, 125:
actor optimus,
Cic. Sest. 57, 122:
cantor optimus est modulator,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 130:
melior gladiator,
Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 33: agricola (colonus, dominus) bonus, Cato, R. R. prooem.; Cic. Sen. 16, 56:
bonus paterfamilias,
a thrifty head of the house, Nep. Att. 13, 1:
bonus servus,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 58; id. Am. 2, 1, 46; id. Men. 5, 6, 1; Cic. Mil. 22, 58:
dominus bonus,
Cato, R. R. 14:
bonus custos,
Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 38.—Ironically, Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 57:
filius bonus,
Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 9:
patres,
Quint. 11, 3, 178:
parens,
id. 6, prooem. 4: bonus (melior, optimus), viz. a good husband, Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 51 sq.; Liv. 1, 9, 15:
uxor melior,
Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52:
amicus,
id. Fam. 2, 15, 3:
amicus optimus,
Plaut. Cas. 3, 3, 18:
optimus testis,
Cic. Fam. 7, 27, 2:
auctor, in two senses,
good authority, id. Att. 5, 12, 3;
and = bonus scriptor (post-class.),
Quint. 10, 1, 74.—Esp.:
bonus civis (rarely civis bonus): in re publica ea velle quae tranquilla et honesta sint: talem enim solemus et sentire bonum civem et dicere, Cic.-Off. 1, 34, 124: eaque est summa ratio et sapientia boni civis, commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eadem continere,
id. ib. 2, 23, 83:
eum esse civem et fidelem et bonum,
Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 15; Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 2; 1, 9, 10; 3, 12, 1; 6, 6, 11; id. Off. 1, 44, 155; Liv. 22, 39, 3; Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 10 Dietsch:
optimus et fortissimus civis,
Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3; id. Sest. 17, 39.—
4.
Bonus and optimus as epithets of the gods.
(α).
In gen.:
sed te bonus Mercurius perdat,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 23:
fata... bonique divi,
Hor. C. 4, 2, 38:
divis orte bonis,
id. ib. 4, 5, 1:
O bone deus!
Scrib. Comp. 84 fin.: BONORVM DEORVM, Inscr. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 84: totidem, pater optime, dixi, Tu mihi da cives, referring to Jupiter, Ov. M. 7, 627.—
(β).
Optimus Maximus, a standing epithet of Jupiter:
(Juppiter) a majoribus nostris Optimus Maximus (nominatur), et quidem ante optimus, id est beneficentissimus, quam Maximus,
Cic. N. D. 2, 25, 64:
Jovem optimum et maximum ob eas res appellant, non quod, etc.,
id. ib. 3, 36, 87:
in templo Jovis Optimi Maximi,
id. Sest. 56, 129; id. Prov. Cons. 9, 22:
nutu Jovis Optimi Maximi,
id. Cat. 3, 9, 21; Liv. 1, 12, 7; id. 6, 16, 2.—
(γ).
Di boni, O di boni, expressing indignation, sorrow, or surprise:
di boni, hunc visitavi antidhac!
Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 16:
di boni, boni quid porto!
Ter. And. 2, 2, 1:
di boni, quid hoc morbi est,
id. Eun. 2, 1, 19; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 13; id. Ad. 3, 3, 86:
alter, O di boni, quam taeter incedebat!
Cic. Sest. 8, 19; id. Brut. 84, 288; id. Phil. 2, 8, 20; 2, 32, 80; id. Att. 1, 16, 5; 14, 21, 2; Val. Max. 3, 5, 1; Sen. Vit. Beat. 2, 3.—
(δ).
Bona Dea, etc., v. 6.—
5.
Optimus as a laudatory epithet.
(α).
Vir optimus:
per vos nobis, per optimos viros optimis civibus periculum inferre conantur,
Cic. Sest. 1, 2:
virum optimum et constantissimum M. Cispium,
id. ib. 35, 76:
fratrem meum, virum optimum, fortissimum,
id. ib.:
consolabor hos praesentes, viros optimos,
id. Balb. 19, 44; id. Planc. 21, 51; 23, 55; id. Mil. 14, 38; id. Marcell. 4, 10; id. Att. 5, 1, 5; Hor. S. 1, 6, 53.—
(β).
Femina bona, optima:
tua conjunx bona femina,
Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 16:
hujus sanctissimae feminae atque optimae pater,
id. ib. —
(γ).
Senex, pater, frater, etc.:
optimus: parentes ejus, prudentissimi atque optimi senis,
Cic. Planc. 41, 97:
insuevit pater optimus hoc me,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 105; 2, 1, 12:
C. Marcelli, fratris optimi,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 6; id. Q. Fr. 2, 6 (8), 2; 2, 4, 2.—
(δ).
With proper names ( poet.):
optimus Vergilius,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 54:
Maecenas optimus,
id. ib. 1, 5, 27:
optime Quinti,
id. Ep. 1, 16, 1.—
(ε).
Esp. as an epithet of the Roman emperors:
quid tam civile, tam senatorium quam illud, additum a nobis Optimi cognomen?
Plin. Pan. 2, 7:
gratias, inquit, ago, optime Princeps!
Sen. Tranq. 14. 4:
ex epistula optimi imperatoris Antonini,
Gai. Inst. 1, 102; cf.:
bene te patriae pater optime Caesar,
Ov. F. 2, 637:
optime Romulae Custos gentis,
Hor. C. 4, 5, 1.—
6.
Bonus and Bona, names of deities.
(α).
Bona Dea, the goddess of Chastity, whose temple could not be entered by males (cf. Macr. S. 1, 12; Lact. 1, 22):
Bonae Deae pulvinaribus,
Cic. Pis. 39, 95; id. Mil. 31, 86; id. Fam. 1, 9, 15; cf.
in mal. part.,
Juv. 2, 86 sq.; 6, 314 sq.; 6, 335 sq.—
(β).
Bonus Eventus, Varr. R. R. 1, 1 med.; Amm. 29, 6, 19; Inscr. Orell. 907; 1780 sq.—
(γ).
Bona Fortuna:
si bona Fortuna veniat, ne intromiseris,
Plaut. Aul. 1, 3, 22:
Bonae Fortunae (signum),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 7:
FORTVNAE BONAE DOMESTICAE,
Inscr. Orell. 1743 sq. —
(δ).
Bona Spes:
Spes Bona, obsecro, subventa mihi,
Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 12:
BONAE SPEI,
Aug. Inscr. Grut. 1075, 1.—
(ε).
BONA MENS, Inscr. Orell. 1818 sqq.:
Mens Bona, si qua dea es, tua me in sacraria dono,
Prop. 3, 24, 19.
B.
With nouns denoting things.
1.
Things concrete, denoting excellence:
navis bona dicitur non quae pretiosis coloribus picta est... sed stabilis et firma,
Sen. Ep. 76, 13:
gladium bonum dices, non cui auratus est balteus, etc., sed cui et ad secandum subtilis acies est, et, etc.,
id. ib. 76, 14:
id vinum erit lene et bono colore,
Cato, R. R. 109; Lucr. 2, 418; Ov. Am. 2, 7, 9:
tabulas... collocare in bono lumine,
Cic. Brut. 75, 261: ex quavis olea oleum... bonum fieri potest. Cato, R. R. 3:
per aestatem boves aquam bonam et liquidam bibant semper curato,
id. ib. 73; cf.:
bonae aquae, ironically compared to wine,
Prop. 2, 33 (3, 31), 28:
praedium bonum caelum habeat,
good temperature, Cato, R. R. 1:
bona tempestate,
in good weather, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 4:
(praedium) solo bono valeat,
by good soil, Cato, R. R. 1:
bonae (aedes) cum curantur male,
Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 24:
villam bonam,
Cic. Off. 3, 13, 55:
bonus pons,
Cat. 17, 5:
scyphi optimi (= optime facti),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 14, § 32:
perbona toreumata,
id. ib. 2, 4, 18, §
38: bona domicilia,
comfortable residences, id. N. D. 2, 37, 95:
agrum Meliorem nemo habet,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 12:
fundum meliorem,
Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52: fundos optimos et fructuosissimos, id. Agr. 3, 4, 14:
equus melior,
id. Inv. 1, 31, 52:
bona cena,
Cat. 13, 3:
boni nummi,
good, not counterfeit, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 144; Cic. Off. 3, 23, 91:
super omnia vultus accessere boni,
good looks, Ov. M. 8, 678:
mulier bona forma,
of a fine form, Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 13:
equus formae melioris,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 52:
tam bona cervix, simul ac jussero, demetur,
fine, beautiful, Suet. Calig. 33:
fruges bonae,
Cat. 34, 19:
ova suci melioris,
of better flavor, Hor. S. 2, 4, 13.— Trop.:
animus aequus optimum est aerumnae condimentum,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 71: bona dextra, a lucky hand (cf.:
bonum omen, 2. e.),
Quint. 6, 3, 69:
scio te bona esse voce, ne clama nimis,
good, sound, loud voice, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 43; so,
bona firmaque vox,
Quint. 11, 3, 13.—
2.
Things abstract.
a.
Of physical well-being:
ut si qui neget sine bona valetudine posse bene vivi,
Cic. Inv. 1, 51, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 2; Lucr. 3, 102; Val. Max. 2, 5, 6; Quint. 10, 3, 26; 11, 2, 35 et saep.:
non bonus somnus de prandio est,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 8:
bona aetas,
prime of life, Cic. Sen. 14, 48:
optima aetate,
id. Fam. 10, 3, 3.—Ironically:
bona, inquis, aetate, etc.,
Sen. Ep. 76, 1.—
b.
Of the mind and soul:
meliore esse sensu,
Cic. Sest. 21, 47:
optima indoles,
id. Fin. 5, 22, 61:
bona conscientia,
Quint. 6, 1, 33; 9, 2, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 5:
bono ingenio me esse ornatam quam auro multo mavolo,
with a good heart, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 91; id. Stich. 1, 21, 59; Sall. C. 10, 5:
mens melior,
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 78; Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13; Liv. 39, 16, 5; Sen. Ben. 1, 11, 4; id. Ep. 10, 4; Pers. 2, 8; Petr. 61.—Personified, Prop. 3 (4), 24, 19; Ov. Am. 1, 2, 31:
duos optimae indolis filios,
Val. Max. 5, 7, 2; Sen. Ben. 6, 16, 6; Quint. 1, 2, 5:
bonum consilium,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 6; id. Rud. 4, 3, 18; Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121:
bona voluntas,
a good purpose, Quint. 12, 11, 31:
memoria bona,
Cic. Att. 8, 4, 2:
bona ratio cum perdita... confligit,
id. Cat. 2, 11, 25:
bonae rationes,
Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 50:
pronuntiatio bona,
Auct. Her. 3, 15, 27.—
c.
Of moral relations:
ego si bonam famam mihi servasso, sat ero dives,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 71; Cic. Sest. 66, 139; Liv. 6, 11, 7; Hor. S. 1, 2, 61 (cf. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1;
v. e. infra): si ego in causa tam bona cessi tribuni plebis furori,
Cic. Sest. 16, 36; id. Planc. 36, 87; Ov. M. 5, 220:
fac, sis, bonae frugi sies,
of good, regular habits, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 35; id. Cas. 2, 4, 5; 2, 5, 19; id. Ps. 1, 5, 53; id. Truc. 1, 1, 13; id. Capt. 5, 2, 3 sq. (v. frux, II. B. 1. b.): vilicus disciplina bona utatur. Cato, R. R. 5:
bona studia,
moral pursuits, Auct. Her. 4, 17, 25:
quidquid vita meliore parasti,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 15: ad spem mortis melioris, an honorable death; so as an epithet of religious exercises:
Juppiter, te bonas preces precor,
Cato, R. R. 134; 139.—
d.
Of external, artistic, and literary value and usefulness:
bono usui estis nulli,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 15:
Optumo optume optumam operam das,
id. Am. 1, 1, 122:
bonam dedistis mihi operam,
a valuable service to me, id. Poen. 2, 3, 70; 3, 6, 11; id. Pers. 4, 7, 11; id. Rud. 3, 6, 11 (in a different sense: me bona opera aut mala Tibi inventurum esse auxilium argentarium, by fair or unfair means, id. Ps. 1, 1, 102;
v. e. infra): optima hereditas a patribus traditur liberis... gloria virtutis rerumque gestarum,
Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121:
bonum otium,
valuable leisure, Sall. C. 4, 1:
bonis versibus,
Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 74:
versus meliores,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 81:
meliora poemata,
Hor. A. P. 303:
in illa pro Ctesiphonte oratione longe optima,
Cic. Or. 8, 26:
optimas fabulas,
id. Off. 1, 31, 114:
melius munus,
id. Ac. 1, 2, 7.—
e.
Favorable, prosperous, lucky, fortunate:
de Procilio rumores non boni,
unfavorable rumors, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 5:
bona de Domitio, praeclara de Afranio fama est,
about their success in the war, id. ib. 7, 26, 1:
si fuisset in discipulo comparando meliore fortuna,
id. Pis. 29, 71; cf.
fortuna optima esse,
to be in the best pecuniary circumstances, id. ad Brut. 1, 1, 2:
occasio tam bona,
Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 9:
senex est eo meliore condicione quam adulesoens cum, etc.,
Cic. Sen. 19, 68; id. Fam. 4, 32:
bona navigatio,
id. N. D. 3, 34, 83;
esp. in phrase bona spes.—Object.: ergo in iis adulescentibus bonam spem esse dicemus et magnam indolem quos, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 117.—Subject.:
ego sum spe bona,
Cic. Fam. 12, 28, 3; id. Cat. 2, 11, 25; [p. 245] id. Att. 14, 1 a, 3; id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 16:
optima spe,
id. Fam. 12, 11, 2.—Pregn., = spes bonarum rerum, Sall. C. 21, 1;
v. C. 1. c. infra: meliora responsa,
more favorable, Liv. 7, 21, 6:
melior interpretatio,
Tac. H. 3, 65:
cum laude et bonis recordationibus,
id. A. 4, 38:
amnis Doctus iter melius,
i. e. less injurious, Hor. A. P. 68:
omen bonum,
a good, lucky omen, Cic. Pis. 13, 31; cf.
Liv. praef. § 13: melius omen,
Ov. F. 1, 221;
optimum,
Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 2:
bona scaeva,
Plaut. Stich. 5, 2, 24:
auspicio optumo,
id. ib. 3, 2, 6; cf.:
memini bene, sed meliore Tempore dicam = opportuniore tempore,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 68.—
f.
Of public affairs, si mihi bona re publica frui non licuerit, Cic. Mil. 34, 93:
optima res publica,
id. Or. 1, 1, 1; id. Phil. 1, 8, 19:
minus bonis temporibus,
id. Dom. 4, 8; so,
optimis temporibus,
id. Sest. 3, 6:
nostrae res meliore loco videbantur,
id. ad Brut. 1, 3, 1:
lex optima,
id. Pis. 16, 37; id. Sest. 64, 137; id. Phil, 1, 8, 19.—
g.
Good = large, considerable:
bono atque amplo lucro,
Plaut. Am. prol. 6:
bona librorum copia,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 109; cf.:
bona copia cornu,
Ov. M. 9, 88; v. bona pars, C. 8. g.—
h.
Noble; with genus, good family, noble extraction, honorable birth: quali me arbitraris genere prognatum? Eu. Bono, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 35; so id. Ep. 1, 2, 4; 2, 1, 3; id. Pers. 4, 4, 94:
si bono genere natus sit,
Auct. Her. 3, 7, 13.—
k.
Referring to good-will, kindness, faithfulness, in certain phrases.
(α).
Bona venia or cum bona venia, with the kind permission of a person addressed, especially bona venia orare, expetere, etc.:
primum abs te hoc bona venia expeto,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 31:
bona tua venia dixerim,
Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 34:
oravit bona venia Quirites, ne, etc.,
Liv. 7, 41, 3:
obsecro vos.. bona venia vestra liceat, etc.,
id. 6, 40, 10:
cum bona venia quaeso audiatis, etc.,
id. 29, 17, 6; Arn. c. Gent. 1, p. 5; cf.
. sed des veniam bonus oro = venia bona oro,
Hor. S. 2, 4, 5.—
(β).
Bona pax, without quarrelling:
bona pax sit potius,
let us have no quarrel about that, Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 7;
so especially cum bona pace, or bona pace: Hannibal ad Alpis cum bona pace incolentium... pervenit,
without a difficulty with the inhabitants, Liv. 21, 32, 6; 21, 24, 5; 1, 24, 3; 28, 37, 4; 8, 15, 1; cf.: si bonam (pacem) dederitis, = a fair peace, under acceptable conditions, id. 8, 21, 4.—
(γ).
Amicitia bona = bona fide servata, faithful, undisturbed friendship:
igitur amicitia Masinissae bona atque honesta nobis permansit,
Sall. J. 5, 5.—
(δ).
Bona societas, alliance:
Segestes, memoria bonae societatis, impavidus,
Tac. A. 1, 58.
C.
In particular phrases.
1.
Bonae res.
a.
= Vitae commoda, comforts of life, abstract or concrete:
concedatur bonis rebus homines morte privari,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 87:
optimis rebus usus est,
he had every most desirable thing, Nep. Att. 18, 1.—
b.
= Res secundae, opp. res adversae, prosperity:
bonis rebus tuis, meas irrides malas,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 45:
in bonis rebus,
Hor. C. 2, 3, 2. —
c.
Res bona = res familiaris bona, wealth ( poet.): in re bona esse, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4.—Also an object of value:
homines quibus mala abunde omnia erant, sed neque res neque spes bona ulla,
who had no property, nor the hope of any, Sall. C. 21, 1. —
d.
Costly things, articles of luxury:
capere urbem in Arabia plenam bonarum rerum,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 46; 4, 4, 82:
nimium rei bonae,
id. Stich. 2, 3, 55:
ignorantia bonarum rerum,
Nep. Ages. 8, 5 ' bonis rebus gaudere, Hor. S. 2, 6, 110:
re bona copiosum esse,
Gell. 16, 19, 7.—
e.
Moral, morally good:
illi cum res non bonas tractent,
Cic. Ac. 2, 33, 72:
ut de virtutibus et vitiis, omninoque de bonis rebus et malis quaererent,
id. ib. 1, 4, 15:
quid habemus in rebus bonis et malis explorati?
id. ib. 2, 42, 129; so id. Or. 1, 10, 42; id. Leg. 1, 22, 58:
quae tamen omnia dulciora fuint et moribus bonis et artibus,
id. Sen. 18, 65.—
f.
In literary composition, important or interesting matter, subjects, or questions:
res bonas verbis electis dictas quis non legat?
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 8:
studiis generorum, praesertim in re bona,
Plaut. Am. 8, 26.—
2.
Bonae artes.
(α).
A good, laudable way of dealing:
qui praeclari facinoris aut artis bonae famam quaerit,
Sall. C. 2, 9:
huic bonae artes desunt, dolis atque fallaciis contendit,
id. ib. 11, 2:
quod is bonarum artium cupiens erat,
Tac. A. 6, 46.—
(β).
Liberal arts and sciences:
litteris aut ulli bonae arti,
Quint. 12, 1, 7:
conservate civem bonarum artium, bonarum partium, bonorum virorum,
Cic. Sest. 32, 77. —Esp.:
optimae artes: optimarum artium scientia,
Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 4; id. Ac. 2, 1, 1; id. Cael. 10, 24; id. Marcell. 1, 4.—
3.
Bona fides, or fides bona.
a.
Good faith, i. e. conscious honesty in acts or words: qui nummos fide bona solvit, who pays (the price of labor) in good faith, i. e. as it is honestly earned, Cato, R. R. 14:
dic, bona fide, tu id aurum non subripuisti?
Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 46; 4, 10, 47; id. Capt. 4, 2, 111; id. Most. 3, 1, 137; id. Poen. 1, 3, 30; id. Pers. 4, 3, 16; id. Ps. 4, 6, 33:
si tibi optima fide omnia concessit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 144; Quint. 10, 3, 23.—Hence, bonae fidei vir, a conscientious man, Quint. 10, 7, 1.—
b.
Jurid. t. t.
(α).
Good faith in contracts and legal acts in general, opposed to dolus malus, honesty and fairness in dealing with another:
ad fidem bonam statuit pertinere, notum esse emptori vitium quod nosset venditor,
Cic. Off. 3, 16, 67.—Hence, alienam rem bona fide emere, to buy, believing the seller to be the rightful owner, Dig. 41, 3, 10; 41, 3, 13, § 1. bonae fidei possessor (also possessio), believing that he is the rightful owner, ib. 5, 3, 25, § 11; 5, 3, 22; 41, 3, 15, § 2;
41, 3, 24: conventio contra bonam fidem et mores bonos,
ib. 16, 31, § 7: bonam fidem praestare, to be responsible for one ' s good faith, ib. 17, 1, 10 prooem.—Hence,
(β).
Bonae fidei actiones or judicia, actions in equity, i. e. certain classes of actions in which the strict civil law was set aside by the praetorian edict in favor of equity:
actiones quaedam bonae fidei sunt, quaedam stricti juris. Bonae fidei sunt haec: exempto vendito, locato conducto, etc.,
Just. Inst. 4, 6, 28, § 19.—In the republican time the praetor added in such actions to his formula for the judex the words ex fide bona, or, in full:
quidquid dare facere oportet ex fide bona,
Cic. Off. 3, 16, 66:
iste dolus malus et legibus erat vindicatus, et sine lege, judiciis in quibus additur ex fide bona,
id. ib. 3, 15, 61; cf. id. ib. 3, 17, 70.—
4.
Bona verba.
(α).
Kind words:
Bona verba quaeso,
Ter. And. 1, 2, 33.—
(β).
Words of good omen (v. omen):
dicamus bona verba,
Tib. 2, 2, 1:
dicite suffuso ter bona verba mero,
Ov. F. 2, 638.—
(γ).
Elegant or well-chosen expressions:
quid est tam furiosum quam verborum vel optimorum atque ornatissimorum sonitus inanis,
Cic. Or. 1, 12, 51:
verborum bonorum cursu,
id. Brut. 66, 233:
omnia verba sunt alicubi optima,
Quint. 10, 1, 9.—
(δ).
Moral sayings:
non est quod contemnas bona verba et bonis cogitationibus plena praecordia,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 1. —
5.
Bona dicta.
(α).
Polite, courteous language:
hoc petere me precario a vobis jussit leniter dictis bonis,
Plaut. Am. prol. 25.—
(β).
Witticisms ( bon-mots): flammam a sapiente facilius ore in ardente opprimi, quam bona dicta teneat, Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 2, 54, 222:
dico unum ridiculum dictum de dictis melioribus quibus solebam menstruales epulas ante adipiscier,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 22:
ibo intro ad libros ut discam de dictis melioribus,
id. Stich. 2, 3, 75.—
6.
Bona facta.
(α).
= bene facta (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.), laudable deeds:
nobilitas ambobus et majorum bona facta (sc. erant),
Tac. A. 3, 40.—
(β).
Bonum factum est, colloq., = bene est, bene factum est (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.):
bonum factum est, ut edicta servetis mea,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 16:
haec imperata quae sunt pro imperio histrico, bonum hercle factum (est) pro se quisque ut meminerit,
id. ib. 45.— Hence,
(γ).
Elliptically, introducing commands which cannot be enforced, = if you will do so, it will be well:
peregrinis in senatum allectis, libellus propositus est: bonum factum, ne quis senatori novo curiam monstrare velit,
Suet. Caes. 80:
et Chaldaeos edicere: bonum factum, ne Vitellius... usquam esset,
id. Vit. 14:
hac die Carthaginem vici: bonum factum, in Capitolium eamus, et deos supplicemus,
Aur. Vict. 49; cf.:
o edictum, cui adscribi non poterit bonum factum,
Tert. Pud. 1.—
7.
Bona gratia.
(α).
A friendly understanding:
cur non videmus inter nos haec potius cum bona Ut componantur gratia quam cum mala?
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17; so,
per gratiam bonam abire,
to part with good feelings, Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 33.—In jest: sine bona gratia abire, of things cast away, Plaut Truc. 2, 7, 15.—
(β).
Pleon., in the phrase bonam gratiam habere, = gratiam habere, to thank (v. B. 2. k.), Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 32; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 99.—
8.
Bona pars.
(α).
The well-disposed part of a body of persons:
ut plerumque fit, major pars (i. e. of the senate) meliorem vicit,
Liv. 21, 4, 1:
pars melior senatus ad meliora responsa trahere,
id. 7, 21, 6.—
(β).
The good party, i. e. the optimates (gen. in plur.):
civem bonarum partium,
Cic. Sest. 32, 77:
(fuit) meliorum partium aliquando,
id. Cael. 6, 13:
qui sibi gratiam melioris partis velit quaesitam,
Liv. 2, 44, 3.—Paronom.: (Roscius) semper partium in re publica tam quam in scaena optimarum, i. e. party and part in a drama, Cic. Sest. 56, 120.—
(γ).
Of things or persons, a considerable part (cf. a good deal):
bonam partem ad te adtulit,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 43:
bonam partem sermonis in hunc diem esse dilatam,
Cic. Or. 2, 3, 14:
bonam magnamque partem exercitus,
Val. Max. 5, 2, ext. 4:
bona pars noctium,
Quint. 12, 11, 19:
bona pars hominum,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 61:
meae vocis... bona pars,
id. C. 4, 2, 46; so id. A. P. 297; Ov. P. 1, 8, 74:
melior pars diei,
Verg. A. 9, 156.—
(δ).
Rarely, and mostly eccl. Lat.: optima pars, the best part or lot:
nostri melior pars animus est,
Sen. Q. N. 1, prooem. § 14; cf.:
quae pars optima est in homine,
best, most valuable, Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 67:
major pars aetatis, certe melior reipublicae data sit,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 18, 1:
Maria optimam partem elegit, quae non auferetur ab ea,
Vulg. Luc. 10, 42.—
(ε).
Adverb.:
bonam partem = ex magna parte,
Lucr. 6, 1249.—
(ζ).
Aliquem in optimam partem cognoscere, to know somebody from his most favorable side, Cic. Off. 2, 13, 46: aliquid in optimam partem accipere, to take something in good part, interpret it most favorably:
Caesar mihi ignoscit quod non venerim, seseque in optimam partem id accipere dicit,
id. Att. 10, 3 a, 2; id. ad Brut. 1, 2, 3:
quaeso ut hoc in bonam partem accipias,
id. Rosc. Am. 16, 45.—
9.
Dies bonus or bona.
(α).
A day of good omen, a fortunate day (= dies laetus, faustus):
tum tu igitur die bono, Aphrodisiis, addice, etc.,
Plaut. Poen. 2, 49:
nunc dicenda bona sunt bona verba die,
Ov. F. 1, 72.—
(β).
A beautiful, serene day, Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 3.—
10.
Bonus mos.
(α).
Boni mores, referring to individuals, good, decent, moral habits:
nihil est amabilius quam morum similitudo bonorum,
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 56:
nam hic nimium morbus mores invasit bonos,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 6:
domi militiaeque boni mores colebantur,
Sall. C. 9, 1:
propter ejus suavissimos et optimos mores,
Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13:
cum per tot annos matronae optimis moribus vixerint,
Liv. 34, 6, 9:
mores meliores,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 18.—
(β).
Bonus mos or boni mores, in the abstract, morality, the laws, rules of morality: ei vos morigerari mos bonu'st, it is a rule of morality that you should, etc., Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 4:
ex optimo more et sanctissima disciplina,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69:
neglegentia boni moris,
Sen. Ep. 97, 1.—Jurid. t. t.:
conventio, mandatum contra bonos mores,
in conflict with morality, Quint. 3, 1, 57; Dig. 16, 3, 1, § 7; Gai. Inst. 3, 157 et saep. —
11.
Adverbial phrases.
a.
Bono animo esse, or bonum animum habere.
(α).
To be of good cheer or courage:
bono animo es! Liberabit ille te homo,
Plaut. Merc 3, 1, 33; so id. Aul. 4, 10, 61; id. Mil. 4, 8, 32; id. Rud. 3, 3, 17; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 4; id. Heaut. 4, 6, 18; id. Ad. 2, 4, 20; 3, 5, 1; 4, 2, 4; 4, 5, 62; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 72:
animo bono es,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 103; id. Am. 2, 2, 48; 5, 2, 1:
bono animo es, inquit Scrofa, et fiscinam expedi,
Varr. R. R. 1, 26:
bono animo sint et tui et mei familiares,
Cic. Fam. 6, 18, 1; 6, 10, 29:
bono animo esse jubere eam consul,
Liv. 39, 13, 7:
habe modo bonum animum,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 58; so id. Am. 1, 3, 47; id. Truc. 2, 6, 44; id. Aul. 2, 2, 15:
habe animum bonum,
id. Cas. 2, 6, 35; id. Ep. 2, 2, 1; 4, 2, 31:
bonum animum habe,
Liv. 45, 8, 5:
clamor ortus ut bonum animum haberet,
id. 8, 32, 1; so Sen. Ep. 87, 38.—
(β).
Bono animo esse, or facere aliquid, to be of a good or friendly disposition, or to do with good, honest intentions:
audire jubet vos imperator histricus, bonoque ut animo sedeant in subselliis qui, etc.,
Plaut. Poen. prol. 5: sunt enim (consules) [p. 246] optimo animo, summo consilio, of the best disposition, Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 2:
bono te animo tum populus Romanus... dicere existimavit ea quae sentiebatis, sed, etc.,
id. Imp. Pomp. 19, 56:
quod nondum bono animo in populum Romanum viderentur,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6; Quint. 7, 4, 15.—
(γ).
Bonus animus, good temper, patience:
bonus animus in mala re dimidium mali est,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 37:
vos etiam hoc animo meliore feratis,
Ov. M. 9, 433.—
b.
Bono modo.
(α).
= placide, with composure, moderation:
si quis quid deliquerit, pro noxa bono modo vindicet,
Cato, R. R. 5:
haec tibi tam sunt defendenda quam moenia, mihi autem bono modo, tantum quantum videbitur,
Cic. Ac. 2, 44, 137.—
(β).
In a decent manner:
neu quisquam prohibeto filium quin amet... quod bono fiat modo,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 62. —
c.
Jure optimo or optimo jure, with good, perfect right:
te ipse jure optumo incuses licet,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 23; id. Rud. 2, 6, 53:
ut jure optimo me deserere posses,
Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 6; Sen. Ot. Sap. 2 (29), 2.—With pass. or intr. verb, deservedly:
ne jure optimo irrideamur,
Cic. Off. 1, 31, 111; cf. id. ib. 1, 42, 151; id. Marcell. 1, 4;
similarly, optimo judicio,
Val. Max. 2, 9, 2.
II.
As subst.
A.
bŏnus, boni, m.; of persons.
1.
In sing. or plur. orig. = bonus vir, boni viri; v. I. A. 1. a. b, supra, a morally good man.
(α).
Plur.:
bonis quod bene fit haud perit,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 2; id. Capt. 2, 2, 108; id. Trin. 2, 1, 55; id. Pers. 4, 5, 2:
melius apud bonos quam apud fortunatos beneficium collocari puto,
Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71:
verum esse ut bonos boni diligant, quamobrem... bonis inter bonos quasi necessariam (esse) benevolentiam,
id. Lael. 14, 50:
diverso itinere malos a bonis loca taetra... habere,
Sall. C. 52, 13; 7, 2; 52, 22:
oderunt peccare boni virtutis amore,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 52:
tam bonis quam malis conduntur urbes,
Sen. Ben. 4, 28, 4; so id. Vit. Beat. 15, 6; Quint. 9, 2, 76.—Rarely bŏnae, arum, f., good women:
quia omnes bonos bonasque adcurare addecet, etc.,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 41.—
(β).
Sing.:
malus bonum malum esse volt ut sit sui similis,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 8:
nec enim cuique bono mali quidquam evenire potest,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 99; cf.:
qui meliorem audax vocet in jus,
Hor. S. 2, 5, 29.—
2.
Bonus, a man of honor.
(α).
A brave man:
pro qua (patria) quis bonus dubitet mortem oppetere si ei sit profuturus?
Cic. Off. 1, 17, 57:
libertatem quam nemo bonus nisi cum anima simul amittat,
Sall. C. 33, 5:
fortes creantur fortibus et bonis,
Hor. C. 4, 4, 29 (opp. ignavi):
fama impari boni atque ignavi erant,
Sall. J. 57, 6; 53, 8; id. C. 11, 2. —
(β).
A gentleman:
quis enim umquam, qui paululum modo bonorum consuetudinem nosset, litteras ad se ab amico missas... in medium protulit?
Cic. Phil. 2, 4, 7.—
3.
Boni, the better (i. e. higher) classes of society.
(α).
In gen. (of political sentiments, = optimates, opp. populares, seditiosi, perditi cives, etc.;
so usu. in Cic.): meam causam omnes boni proprie enixeque susceperant,
Cic. Sest. 16, 38:
audaces homines et perditi nutu impelluntur... boni, nescio quomodo, tardiores sunt, etc.,
id. ib. 47, 100:
ego Kal. Jan. senatum et bonos omnes legis agrariae... metu liberavi,
id. Pis. 2, 4:
etenim omnes boni, quantum in ipsis fuit, Caesarem occiderunt,
id. Phil. 2, 13, 29; id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; 5, 21, 2; id. Sest. 2, 5; 16, 36; 48, 103; id. Planc. 35, 86; id. Mil. 2, 5; id. Off. 2. 12, 43:
maledictis increpat omnes bonos,
Sall. C. 21, 4; 19, 2; 33, 3; Hirt. B. G. 8, 22; so,
optimi,
Cic. Leg. 3, 17, 37; and, ironically, boni identified with the rich:
bonorum, id est lautorum et locupletum,
id. Att. 8, 1, 3.—
(β).
Without reference to political views;
opp. vulgus (rare): nihil ego istos moror fatuos mores quibus boni dedecorant se,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 22:
semper in civitate quibus opes nullae sunt bonis invident,
Sall. C. 37, 3:
elatus est sine ulla pompa funeris, comitantibus omnibus bonis, maxima vulgi frequentia,
Nep. Att. 22, 2.—So, mĕlĭōres, um, m., one ' s betters:
ut quaestui habeant male loqui melioribus,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 13:
da locum melioribus,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 37.—
4.
Boni, bone, in addresses, as an expression of courtesy, Hor. S. 2, 2, 1; 2, 6, 51; 2, 6, 95; id. Ep. 2, 2, 37; ironice, id. S. 2, 3, 31.—
5.
Optimus quisque = quivis bonus, omnes boni.
(α).
Referring to morality:
esse aliquid natura pulcrum quod optimus quisque sequeretur,
every good man, Cic. Sen. 13, 43:
qui ita se gerebant ut sua consilia optimo cuique probarent, optimates habebantur,
id. Sest. 45, 96; id. Off. 1, 43, 154; id. Fin. 1, 7, 24; id. Sest. 54, 115; and = even the best:
quare deus optimum quemque mala valetudine adficit?
Sen. Prov. 4, 8.—
(β).
Of the educated classes:
adhibenda est quaedam reverentia adversus homines, et optimi cujusque et reliquorum,
Cic. Off. 1, 28, 99; cf. id. ib. 1, 25, 85:
Catilina plerisque consularibus, praeterea optumo cuique, litteras mittit,
Sall. C. 34, 2:
optimo cuique infesta libertas,
Sen. Ot. Sap. 8, 2 (32 fin.).—
(γ).
Honorable, brave:
optumus quisque cadere et sauciari, ceteris metus augeri,
Sall. J. 92, 8.—
(δ).
In gen., excellent:
optimus quisque facere quam dicere... malebat,
Sall. C. 8, 5.—
(ε).
Distributively:
ita imperium semper ad optumum quemque a minus bono transfertur,
to the best man in each instance, Sall. C. 2, 6.—
(ζ).
Referring to another superlative ( = quo quisque melior eo magis, etc.):
hic aditus laudis qui semper optimo cuique maxime patuit,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 1; so id. Lael. 4, 14; id. Inv. 2, 11, 36; Sen. Vit. Beat. 18, 1.—
(η).
Attributively, with a noun:
optimam quamque causam,
Cic. Sest. 43, 93:
optima quaeque dies,
Verg. G. 3, 66.
2.
bŏnum, i, n., plur. bona; mĕlĭus, ōris, n.; optĭmum, i, n. (v. infra); of things in gen.
1.
Bonum, or plur. bona, a good, or goods in a moral and metaphysical sense, a moral good, a blessing: sunt autem hae de finibus defensae sententiae: nihil bonum nisi honestum, ut Stoici; nihil bonum nisi voluptatem, ut Epicurus;
nihil bonum nisi vacuitatem doloris, ut Hieronymus... tria genera bonorum, maxima animi, secunda corporis, externa tertia, ut Peripatetici, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 30, 84 sq.:
quid est igitur bonum? Si quid recte fit et honeste et cum virtute, id bene fieri vere dicitur, et quod rectum et honestum et cum virtute est, id solum opinor bonum,
id. Par. 1, 1, 9:
ut quis intellegat, quid sit illud simplex et verum bonum quod non possit ab honestate sejungi,
id. Ac. 1, 2, 7:
non-est igitur voluptas bonum,
id. Fin. 1, 11, 39: finis bonorum et malorum (telos agathôn) = summa bona et mala:
sunt nonnullae disciplinae quae, propositis bonorum et malorum finibus, officium omne pervertant. Nam qui summum bonum sic instituit ut, etc.,
id. Off. 1, 2, 5; cf. id. Par. 1, 3, 14; id. Ac. 2, 9, 29; 2, 36, 114; 2, 42, 129; id. Fin. 1, 9, 29; 1, 12, 42; id. Tusc. 4, 31, 66; Sen. Vit. Beat. 24, 5; id. Ep. 117, 1 et saep.—
2.
Bonum, what is valuable, beneficial, estimable, favorable, pleasant, physically or mentally:
quoi boni Tantum adfero quantum ipsus a diis optat,
Plaut. Capt. 4, 1, 9:
multa bona vobis volt facere,
will do you much good, id. Poen. 5, 4, 60; id. Am. prol. 43, 49; id. Pers. 4, 8, 4; 2, 3, 14; id. Cas. 2, 8, 32:
tum demum nostra intellegemus bona quom ea amisimus,
id. Capt. 1, 2, 33:
multa tibi di dent bona,
id. Poen. 1, 1, 80; cf. id. ib. 3, 3, 54; 3, 3, 74; id. Mil. 3, 1, 120; id. Men. 3, 3, 34; id. Pers. 4, 3, 23; id. Truc. 1, 2, 23; id. Merc. 1, 2, 40; id. Most. 1, 1, 47:
omnia Bona dicere,
to speak in the highest terms of one, Ter. And. 1, 1, 70:
sed ne vivus quidem bono caret, si eo non indiget,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 88:
cum quaecumque bona Peripateticis, eadem Stoicis commoda viderentur,
id. ib. 5, 41, 120:
nihil enim boni nosti,
nothing that is good for any thing, id. Phil. 2, 7, 16:
mala pro bonis legere dementia est,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 6, 1; Val. Max. 5, 3, ext. 3 fin.; Hor. S. 1, 2, 73:
quia bonum sit valere,
a good thing, Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 62 (cf. III. A. 5. infra):
melius: quo quidem haud scio an... quidquam melius sit homini a dis immortalibus datum,
id. Lael. 6, 20:
meliora... Aristotelem de istis rebus scripsisse,
id. Or. 1, 10, 43:
optimum: difficillimum est formam exponere optimi,
id. ib. 11, 36.— Here belongs the phrase boni consulere;
v. consulo.—So after prepositions: in bonum vertere, v. under verto: in melius ire,
to change for the better, Tac. A. 12, 68.—In the same sense: in melius aliquid referre, or reflectere ( poet.), Verg. A. 1, 281; 11, 426; 10, 632:
ad melius transcurrere,
to pass over to something better, Hor. S. 2, 2, 82.—
3.
Bonum or bona, prosperity:
fortiter malum qui patitur, idem post patitur bonum,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 58:
nulli est homini perpetuum bonum,
id. Curc. 1, 3, 33:
unā tecum bona, mala tolerabimus,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 23:
quibus in bonis fuerint et nunc quibus in malis sint, ostenditur ( = in secundis, in adversis rebus),
Cic. Inv. 1, 55, 107.—
4.
Good qualities, gifts:
omnia adsunt bona, quem penes'st virtus,
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 30:
magnis illi et divinis bonis hanc licentiam adsequebantur,
Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148:
nisi qui se suā gravitate et castimoniā... tum etiam naturali quodam bono defenderet, etc.,
id. Cael. 5, 11:
hunc meā sententiā divinis quibusdam bonis instructum atque ornatum puto,
id. ib. 17, 39:
non intellego quod bonum cuiquam sit apud tales viros profuturum,
id. Balb. 28, 63:
gaude isto tuo tam excellenti bono,
id. Marcell. 6, 19; so id. Imp. Pomp. 16, 49.—
5.
Advantage, benefit:
si plus adipiscare, re explicatā, boni, quam addubitatā mali,
Cic. Off. 1, 24, 83:
saepe cogitavi bonine an mali plus adtulerit... eloquentiae studium,
id. Inv. 1, 1, 1; 2, 35, 106; id. Off. 2, 2, 5; id. Sest. 10, 24:
maximum bonum in celeritate ponebat,
Sall. C. 43, 4; so, bono publico (abl.), for the public good:
hoc ita si fit, publico fiat bono,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 183; Liv. 2, 44, 3; Dig. 41, 3, 1.—
6.
With aequum, what is fair and good, the fair ( thing), fairness, equity:
si bonum aequomque oras,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 149; so id. Pers. 3, 1, 71; id. Rud. 1, 2, 94; id. Men. 4, 2, 11:
si tu aliquam partem aequi bonique dixeris,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 32; id. Heaut. 4, 1, 29; id. Ad. 1, 1, 39:
a quo vivo nec praesens nec absens quidquam aequi bonique impetravit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 94.—Hence, aequo et bono, or ex aequo et bono, in ( with) fairness, in equity, Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 30; Auct. Her. 2, 10, 14; 2, 12, 18; 2, 13, 20; Gai. Inst. 3, 137: aequi bonique, as gen. of value, with facere:
istuc, Chreme, Aequi bonique facio,
I place a fair and proper value on it, Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 40.—
7.
Bona, one ' s property, fortunes, almost always denoting the whole of one's possessions.
a.
In gen.:
paterna oportet reddi filio bona,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 120:
bona sua med habiturum omnia,
id. Truc. 2, 4, 49; cf. id. ib. 2, 7, 6; 4, 2, 29; id. Rud. 2, 6, 22; id. Most. 1, 3, 77; id. Trin. 4, 4, 3; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 4:
bona mea diripiebantur atque ad consulem deferebantur,
Cic. Sest. 24, 54:
cum de capite, civis et de bonis proscriptio ferretur,
id. ib. 30, 65:
bona, fortunas, possessiones omnium,
id. Caecin. 13, 38:
at mulctantur bonis exsules,
id. Tusc. 5, 37, 106; id. Off. 2, 23, 81; id. Par. 1, 1, 7; id. Sest. 19, 42; 43, 94; 52, 111; id. Phil. 2, 26, 64; Caes. B. G. 7, 3; Liv. 2, 3, 5; 2, 5, 5; 4, 15, 8; Tac. A. 2, 48; Quint. 6, 1, 19 et saep.—
b.
Bonorum possessio, the possession of one ' s property by another.
(α).
Bonorum possessio in consequence of bonorum cessio, i. e. an assignment of one ' s property for the benefit of creditors, Dig. 42, tit. 3.—
(β).
Bonorum possessio granted by the prætor against a contumacious or insolvent debtor (in bona mittere, in bona ire jubere, bona possidere jubere, etc.); cf. Dig. 42, tit. 4:
postulat a Burrieno Naevius ut ex edicto bona possidere liceat,
Cic. Quint. 6, 25, and the whole of c. 8:
edixit... neu quis militis... bona possideret aut venderet,
Liv. 2, 24, 6:
bona proscribere,
to offer the property thus transferred for sale, Cic. Quint. 6, 25.—
(γ).
Chiefly referring to the property of a defunct person (hereditas), where the prætor, till the heir had proved his right, granted a bonorum possessio secundum tabulas or contra tabulas, Dig. 37, tit. 4; 37, tit. 11.—
c.
In bonis esse;
with reference to the older civil law, which distinguished between civil property (habere rem ex jure Quiritium) and natural property (rem in bonis habere, res in bonis est),
Gai. Inst. 2, 40, 41; Dig. 40, 12, 38, § 2; 37, 6, 2, § 1; 37, 6, 3, § 2; ib. Fragm. 1, 16; Gai. Inst. 1, 22; 1, 35; 1, 222; 1, 167; Dig. 1, 8, 1; 27, 10, 10:
neque bonorum possessorum, neque... res pleno jure fiunt, sed in bonis efficiuntur,
ib. Fragm. 3, 80.—Hence, nullam omnino arbitrabamur de eā hereditate controversiam eum habiturum, et est hodie in bonis, i. e. [p. 247] the bonorum possessio has been granted to him, which did not give full ownership, but effected only that the hereditas was in bonis. Cic. Fam. 13, 30, 1.
III.
Predicative use.
A.
With nouns or pronouns as subjects.
1.
Bonum esse, to be morally good, honest:
nunc mihi bonae necessum est esse ingratiis, Quamquam esse nolo,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 82:
bonam ego quam beatam me esse nimio dici mavolo,
id. Poen. 1, 2, 93; so id. Capt. 2, 1, 44; id. Men. 4, 2, 6; id. Rud. prol. 29:
itaque viros fortes magnanimos eosdem, bonos et simplices... esse volumus,
Cic. Off. 1, 19, 63; cf. id. ib. 3, 21, 84; id. Att. 15, 6, 1:
Cato esse quam videri bonus malebat,
Sall. C. 54, 5:
ut politiora, non ut meliora fiant ingenia,
Val. Max. 5, 4, ext. 5 fin. —
2.
To be beneficial, prosperous, advantageous, valuable, favorable, serviceable, correct, with reference to both persons and things as subjects, and in regard to physical and mental relations:
jam istuc non bonumst,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 29; Cato, R. R. 157:
oleum viridius et melius fiet,
id. ib. 3:
vinum ut alvum bonam faciat,
to correct the bowels, id. ib. 156:
quid est homini salute melius?
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 127:
non optuma haec sunt, verum meliora quam deterruma,
id. Trin. 2, 3, 1:
quid est quod huc possit quod melius sit accedere?
Cic. Fin. 1, 12, 41; 1, 18, 57; id. Tusc. 1, 41, 99:
in quo (vestitu), sicut in plerisque rebus, mediocritas optima est,
id. Off. 1, 36, 130; 2, 17, 59; id. Inv. 1, 31, 51; id. Or. 2, 6; 11, 36:
meliorem tamen militem... in futura proelia id certamen fecit,
Liv. 2, 51, 3:
parvus ut est cygni melior canor, ille gruum quam Clamor,
Lucr. 4, 181; 4, 191:
si meliora dies, ut vina, poemata reddit,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 34.—So in the optative formula:
quod bonum, faustum, felixque sit,
Liv. 1, 28, 7; 1, 17, 10; 39, 15, 1; 3, 54;
3, 34.—Also, quod bonum atque fortunatum mihi sit,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 50;
and with a noun as subject: ut nobis haec habitatio Bona, fausta, felix, fortunataque evenat,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 3.—
3.
To be kind:
bonus cum probis'st (erus), malus cum malis,
Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 22:
hic si vellet bonus ac benignus Esse,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 52.—
4.
With reference to the gods:
ecastor ambae (Fortuna et Salus sunt bonae,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 129:
Palladis aut oculos ausa negare bonos (esse),
Prop. 3, 24, 12 (2, 28, 12).—
B.
Impers.
1.
Bonum est (very rare for the class. bene est; v. bene).
(α).
Without a subject:
bonum sit!
may it be fortunate, favorable! Verg. E. 8, 106.—
(β).
With subject inf.:
nam et stulte facere, et stulte fabularier in aetate haud bonum est,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 61:
bonum est pauxillum amare, insane non bonum est,
id. Curc. 1, 3,20.—
2.
Melius est.
(α).
With subject inf.:
melius sanam est mentem sumere,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 51:
nihil sentire est melius quam tam prava sentire,
Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125; cf. id. Fin. 1, 19, 62; id. Off. 1, 43, 156; so,
melius fuit, fuisset, or fuerat,
it would have been better, id. N. D. 3, 33; id. Sen. 23, 82; id. Off. 3, 25, 94:
proinde quiesse erit melius,
Liv. 3, 48, 3; 3, 41, 3; Verg. A. 11, 303.—
(β).
With subject inf.-clause:
meliu'st te quae sunt mandata tibi praevortier,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 125; id. Men. 5, 9, 32.—
(γ).
With ut-clause:
quid melius quam ut hinc intro abeam et me suspendam clanculum,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 145; so id. Ps. 4, 7, 18.—
(δ).
With subjectclause in the subjunctive:
nunc quid mihi meliu'st quam ilico hic opperiar erum,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 22.—
3.
Optimum est.
(α).
With subject inf.:
optimum visum est, captivos quam primum deportare,
Liv. 23, 34, 8:
si quis dicit optimum esse navigare,
Sen. Ot. Sap. 8, 4 (32 fin.); so, optimum fuit, it would have been better, and optimum erat, it would be better, Quint. 6, prooem. 3; 11, 2, 33; Hor. S. 2, 1, 7.—
(β).
With inf.-clause:
constituerunt optimum esse, domum suam quemque reverti,
Caes. B. G. 2, 10: optimum visum est, in fluctuantem aciem tradi equos, etc., Liv 6, 24, 10; 22, 27, 6.—
(γ).
With ut and subj:
hoc vero optimum, ut is qui, etc., id ultimum bonorum, id ipsum quid et quale sit nesciat,
Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 6.—
(δ).
With quod:
illa vero optima (sunt) quod cum Haluntium venisset Archagathum vocari jussit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 51:
optimum vero (est) quod dictaturae nomen in perpetuum de re publica sustulisti,
id. Phil. 2, 36, 91.—
(ε).
With second sup., in the phrase optumum factu est (where factu is redundant):
sed hoc mihi optumum factu arbitror,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 16:
optimum factu esse duxerant frumento... nostros prohibere,
Caes. B. G. 4, 30:
optumum factu credens exercitum augere,
Sall. C. 32, 1 (Kritz, factum); 57, 5 (Kritz, factum).
IV.
Ellipt. use: di meliora, i. e. dent or velint, i. e. let the gods grant better things than what you say, etc.; God forbid! in full:
di melius duint,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 16:
di meliora velint!
Ov. M. 7, 37.—Ellipt.:
di meliora! inquit,
Cic. Sen. 14, 47:
id ubi mulier audivit, perturbata, dii meliora inquit, etc.,
Liv. 39, 10, 2; 9, 9, 6; Verg. G. 3, 513;
similarly, di melius, i. e. fecerunt,
Val. Max. 6, 1, ext. 3.
V.
With object expressed,
1.
By dat.
(α).
= good, useful, beneficial for:
ambula, id lieni optumum est,
Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 25:
quia vobis eadem quae mihi bona malaque esse intellexi,
Sall. C. 20, 3:
bona bello Cornus, jaculis, etc.,
Verg. G. 2, 447.—
(β).
= benignus or propitius, kind to:
vicinis bonus esto,
Cato, R. R. 4:
bene merenti mala es, male merenti bona es,
Plaut. As. 1, 2, 3:
vos o mihi Manes, Este boni,
Verg. A. 12, 647.—
(γ).
= idoneus, fit for, adapted to:
qui locus vino optimus dicetur esse,
Cato, R. R. 6:
tum erit ei rei optumum tempus,
id. ib. 26:
terra cui putre solum, Optima frumentis,
Verg. G. 2, 205; 2, 319; 1, 286.—
(δ).
With sum and dat., in the phrase alicui bono est, it is of service to one, profits him:
accusant in quibus occidi patrem Sex. Roscii bono fuit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 13:
bono fuisse Romanis adventum eorum constabat,
Liv. 7, 12, 4.—Hence, with rel. dat.: cui bono (est), for whose advantage it is:
quod si quis usurpet illud Cassianum cui bono fuerit, etc.,
Cic. Phil. 2, 14, 35:
cui bono fuisset,
id. Rosc. Am. 30, 84; id. Mil. 12, 32 Ascon. ad loc.; cf.
ellipt. form cui bono?
Prisc. p. 1208 P.—
(ε).
With dat. gerund:
ager oleto conserundo qui in Favonium spectavit, aliis bonus nullus erit,
Cato, R. R. 6; Varr. R. R. 1, 24:
(mons) quia pecori bonus alendo erat,
Liv. 29, 31; 9, 10.—
2.
By ad and acc.:
refert et ad quam rem bona aut non bona sit,
Varr. R. R. 1, 91:
occasio quaeritur idoneane fuerit ad rem adoriendam, an alia melior,
Auct. Her. 2, 4, 7:
non campos modo militi Romano ad proelium bonos, etc.,
Tac. A. 2, 14.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > optimum

119 straight

straight [streɪt]

ligne droite ⇒ 1 (a) droit ⇒ 2 (a)-(c), 2 (g), 3 (a)-(c) raide ⇒ 2 (a) honnête ⇒ 2 (c) franc ⇒ 2 (c) clair ⇒ 2 (d) en ordre ⇒ 2 (e) quitte ⇒ 2 (f) pur ⇒ 2 (h) consécutif ⇒ 2 (i) directement ⇒ 3 (c), 3 (d) franchement ⇒ 3 (e)

1 noun

(a) (on racetrack, railway track) ligne f droite;

∎ the final or home straight la dernière ligne droite;

∎ figurative we're on the home straight now nous sommes dans la dernière ligne droite;

∎ to keep to the straight and narrow rester dans le droit chemin

(b) (level)

∎ to be out of straight être de biais ou de travers;

∎ to cut a material on the straight couper une étoffe de droit fil

(c) (in poker) quinte f

(d) familiar (heterosexual) hétéro mf

(e) familiar (conventional person) personne f conventionnelle ou sérieuse^□ ;

∎ don't be such a straight! sois pas si sérieux!

(f) familiar drugs slang (cigarette) clope f (par opposition à une cigarette de haschisch)

2 adjective

(a) (not curved → line, road, nose) droit; (→ hair) raide;

∎ Mathematics a straight line une (ligne) droite;

∎ in a straight line en ligne droite;

∎ to have a straight back avoir le dos bien droit, se tenir bien droit;

∎ keep your back straight tiens-toi droit, redresse-toi;

∎ figurative to play with or to keep a straight bat se conduire honorablement

(b) (level, upright) droit;

∎ the picture isn't straight le tableau n'est pas droit ou est de travers;

∎ is my tie straight? est-ce que ma cravate est droite?;

∎ to put or to set straight (picture) remettre d'aplomb, redresser; (hat, tie) ajuster;

∎ hold or keep the tray straight tenez le plateau bien droit

(c) (honest → person) honnête, droit; (frank → person, answer) franc (franche);

∎ straight as a die d'une droiture ou honnêteté absolue;

∎ he's always been straight in his dealings with me il a toujours été honnête avec moi;

∎ to be straight with sb être franc avec qn;

∎ are you being straight with me? est-ce que tu joues franc jeu avec moi?;

∎ to play a straight game jouer franc jeu;

∎ to give sb a straight answer répondre franchement à qn;

∎ to have a straight talk about sth parler franchement de qch;

∎ to do some straight talking parler franchement;

∎ at the meeting he did some straight talking il n'a pas mâché ses mots à la réunion;

∎ it's time we did some straight talking il faut qu'on parle, tous les deux;

∎ American familiar a straight shooter une personne franche^□ ;

∎ American familiar a straight arrow (man) un brave type; (woman) une brave femme;

∎ he's a straight arrow (person of integrity) on peut compter sur lui^□ ; (too conventional) il est un peu coincé

(d) (correct, clear) clair;

∎ to put or to set the record straight mettre les choses au clair;

∎ just to set the record straight pour que ce soit bien clair;

∎ I'd like to get things straight before I leave je voudrais mettre les choses au clair avant de partir;

∎ let's get this straight entendons-nous bien là-dessus;

∎ let's get this straight, he left at two o'clock? mettons les choses au clair, il est parti à deux heures?;

∎ have you put her straight? as-tu mis les choses au point avec elle?;

∎ you ought to put her straight about what he's (really) like tu devrais lui dire comment il est vraiment;

∎ now just you get this straight! mets-toi bien ceci dans la tête!, qu'on se mette bien d'accord sur ce point!

(e) (tidy, in order → room, desk, accounts) en ordre;

∎ to put or to set straight (room, house) mettre en ordre, mettre de l'ordre dans; (affairs, accounts) mettre de l'ordre dans;

∎ put your desk straight rangez votre bureau;

∎ put your things straight on the desk mettez un peu d'ordre sur le bureau

(f) (quits) quitte;

∎ here's the £5 I owe you, now we're straight voilà les 5 livres que je te dois, maintenant nous sommes quittes;

∎ I need five hundred pounds to get myself straight il me faut cinq cents livres pour me remettre d'aplomb ou me refaire

(g) (direct) droit, direct;

∎ Boxing he hit him a straight left/right il lui a porté un direct du gauche/du droit;

∎ American to vote a straight ticket voter pour une liste sans panachage

(h) (pure, utter) pur;

∎ it's just straight prejudice ce sont des préjugés, tout simplement;

∎ it's just straight propaganda c'est de la propagande pure et simple

(i) (consecutive) consécutif, de suite;

∎ to have three straight wins gagner trois fois de suite ou d'affilée;

∎ Sport to win in three straight sets (in tennis) gagner en trois sets;

∎ he won in straight sets (best of three sets) il a gagné en deux sets; (best of five sets) il a gagné en trois sets;

∎ we worked for three straight days nous avons travaillé trois jours d'affilée;

∎ he got straight As all term il n'a eu que de très bonnes notes tout le semestre;

∎ a straight A student un étudiant brillant;

∎ a straight flush (in poker) une quinte flush

(j) (neat → whisky, vodka) sec (sèche)

(k) (serious) sérieux;

∎ to keep a straight face garder son sérieux;

∎ it's the first straight role she's played in years c'est son premier rôle sérieux depuis des années

(l) familiar (conventional) conventionnel^□, sérieux^□

(m) familiar (heterosexual) hétéro

(n) familiar

∎ to be straight (not criminal) être rangé des voitures; (not on drugs) être clean

(o) Cars (cylinders) en ligne;

∎ a straight eight engine un moteur huit cylindres en ligne

(p) Geometry (angle) plat

(q) American familiar (true) vrai^□ ;

∎ this is the straight story of what happened voici comment ça s'est vraiment passé

3 adverb

(a) (in a straight line) droit, en ligne droite;

∎ try and walk straight! essaie de marcher droit!;

∎ the rocket shot straight up la fusée est montée à la verticale ou en ligne droite;

∎ to shoot straight viser juste;

∎ familiar to go straight (criminal) se ranger des voitures

(b) (upright → walk, sit, stand) (bien) droit;

∎ sit up straight! tiens-toi droit ou redresse-toi (sur ta chaise)!

(c) (directly) (tout) droit, directement;

∎ he looked me straight in the face/in the eye il me regarda bien en face/droit dans les yeux;

∎ to drink straight from the bottle boire à (même) la bouteille;

∎ it's straight across the road c'est juste en face;

∎ the car came straight at me la voiture a foncé droit sur moi;

∎ the ball went straight through the window la balle est passée par la fenêtre;

∎ the knife went straight through my arm le couteau m'a transpercé le bras;

∎ we drove straight through Nantes nous avons traversé Nantes sans nous arrêter;

∎ to read a book straight through (from beginning to end) lire un livre d'un bout à l'autre; (without stopping) lire un livre d'une traite;

∎ he looked straight through me il m'a regardé sans me voir;

∎ it went straight to his heart cela lui est allé droit au cœur;

∎ straight ahead tout droit;

∎ where's the crossroads? - it's straight ahead où se trouve le carrefour? - c'est tout droit devant vous;

∎ he looked straight ahead il regarda droit devant lui;

∎ straight on tout droit;

∎ go straight on till you come to a roundabout continuez tout droit jusqu'à ce que vous arriviez à un rond-point;

∎ at the roundabout go straight over au rond-point allez tout droit;

∎ familiar to let sb have it straight dire son fait à qn^□ ;

∎ to come straight out with sth dire qch tout net;

∎ she gave it me straight from the shoulder elle me l'a dit sans ambages ou sans prendre de gants

(d) (without delay) directement;

∎ come straight home after the concert! rentre à la maison tout de suite après le concert!;

∎ go straight to bed! va tout de suite te coucher!;

∎ I'll be straight back je reviens directement;

∎ they mostly go straight from school to university pour la plupart, ils passent directement du lycée à l'université;

∎ to come straight to the point aller droit au fait;

∎ to get straight on with one's work se mettre directement au travail;

∎ straight away immédiatement, aussitôt, tout de suite;

∎ familiar straight off tout de suite^□

(e) (frankly, honestly) franchement, carrément;

∎ I told him straight (out) what I thought of him je lui ai dit franchement ce que je pensais de lui;

∎ to play straight jouer franc jeu;

∎ familiar I'm giving it to you straight je vous le dis tout net^□ ;

∎ British familiar straight up? sans blague?;

∎ straight up! sans blague!, je t'assure!

(f) (clearly)

∎ I can't see straight je ne vois pas bien;

∎ I can't think straight je n'ai pas les idées claires

(g) (neat, unmixed)

∎ to drink whisky straight boire son whisky sec

(h) (conventionally)

∎ to play (it) straight Theatre jouer de façon classique; Music suivre la partition

►► Theatre straight actor acteur(trice) m,f sérieux-(euse);

straight four (in rowing) quatre m de pointe sans barreur;

Theatre straight man (of comedian) faire-valoir m inv;

Theatre straight part rôle m sérieux;

American straight razor rasoir m à main;

straight theatre le théâtre traditionnel;

American Politics straight ticket liste f non panachée

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > straight

120 П-213

НА ПОВЁРКУ PrepP Invar usu. sent adv
(used when emphasizing that the real nature of s.o. or sth., when allowed to reveal itself and/or when inspected more closely, differs from what it appears to be at first) in actuality

in (actual) fact
actually in reality
на поверку оказалось (вышло и т. п.), что... - on closer inspection it turned out that

...«Конечно, образован, толковый инженер, способен придумывать и выдумывать. Но поверхностен... Свою ограниченность называет сосредоточенностью, целеустремлённостью. А на поверку просто боится растеряться, боится разносторонних исследований...» (Копелев 1). "Of course, he's an educated, sensible engineer, he's capable of thinking and inventing. But he's superficial....He calls his limitations concentration, direction. But actually he's just afraid of getting sidetracked, afraid of multi-faceted research..." (1a).

«...Надо очень чётко и честно определять людские поступки, и тогда то, что нам кажется глупостью, может на поверку оказаться либо преступлением, либо узкомыслием» (Семёнов 1). "...One must weigh people's actions extremely carefully and honestly, so that what to us looks like stupidity may turn out on closer inspection to be either narrow-mindedness or a crime" (1a).

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