vegetation

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Făvōnĭus, ii, m. [faveo].

The west wind, also called Zephyrus, which blew at the commencement of spring, and promoted vegetation, Sen. Q. N. 5, 16; Plin. 2, 47, 46, § 119; 16, 25, 39, § 93; 18, 34, 77, § 337; Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 71; Varr. R. R. 1, 28, 2; Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 27; id. Ac. 2, 33, 105; Hor. C. 1, 4, 1 al.—

Deriv.: ‡ făvōnĭālis, Zephurios, Gloss. Philox.—

A Roman proper name. So esp. M. Favonius, a contemporary of Cicero and an imitator of M. Cato, whence he received the derisive sobriquet of simius Catonis, Cic. Att. 1, 14, 5; 2, 1, 9; 2, 4, 7; Val. Max. 2, 10; Suet. Aug. 13. —

Deriv.: Făvōnĭānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Favonius, Favonian:

pira,

Col. 5, 10, 18; Plin. 15, 15, 16, § 54.

Făvōnĭus, ii, m. [faveo].

The west wind, also called Zephyrus, which blew at the commencement of spring, and promoted vegetation, Sen. Q. N. 5, 16; Plin. 2, 47, 46, § 119; 16, 25, 39, § 93; 18, 34, 77, § 337; Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 71; Varr. R. R. 1, 28, 2; Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 27; id. Ac. 2, 33, 105; Hor. C. 1, 4, 1 al.—

Deriv.: ‡ făvōnĭālis, Zephurios, Gloss. Philox.—

A Roman proper name. So esp. M. Favonius, a contemporary of Cicero and an imitator of M. Cato, whence he received the derisive sobriquet of simius Catonis, Cic. Att. 1, 14, 5; 2, 1, 9; 2, 4, 7; Val. Max. 2, 10; Suet. Aug. 13. —

Deriv.: Făvōnĭānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Favonius, Favonian:

pira,

Col. 5, 10, 18; Plin. 15, 15, 16, § 54.

herba, ae, f. [old Lat. forb-ea; Gr. phorbê; Sanscr. root bhar-, to nourish], springing vegetation, grass, green stalks or blades, green crops, herbage, an herb (cf.:

gramen, faenum, caespes, glaeba): herba cubile Praebebat, multa et molli lanugine abundans,

Lucr. 5, 816:

in molli consedimus herba,

Verg. E. 3, 55:

cum ceteris in campo exercentibus in herba ipse recubuisset,

Cic. de Or. 2, 71, 287:

abicere se in herba,

id. ib. 1, 7, 28:

fusus per herbam (agricola),

Verg. G. 2, 527 al.:

invitant (Pecudes) herbae gemmantes rore recenti,

Lucr. 2, 319; so,

gemmantes rore,

id. 5, 461:

herbae rore vigentes,

id. 2, 361:

teneras per herbas Ludere,

id. 1, 260:

nova tum tellus herbas virgultaque primum Sustulit,

id. 5, 790:

ex quibusdam stirpibus et herbis,

Cic. N. D. 2, 64, 161:

corona ex asperis herbis et agrestibus,

id. Div. 1, 34, 75; cf. ib. 2, 32, 68:

quas herbas pecudes non edunt, homines edunt,

Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 23 sq.; cf.:

fungos, helvellas, herbas omnes ita condiunt, ut nihil possit esse suavius,

Cic. Fam. 7, 26, 2:

herbis vivis et urticā,

Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 7:

solstitialis herba,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 36:

interim mores mali Quasi herba irrigua succreverunt uberrume,

id. Trin. 1, 1, 9:

fallax veneni,

a poisonous plant, Verg. E. 4, 24:

nulla neque amnem Libavit quadrupes, nec graminis attigit herbam,

a blade, id. ib. 5, 26; cf. Ov. M. 10, 87:

et sulcis frumenti quaereret herbam,

young crop, Verg. G. 1, 134:

novitates si spem afferunt, ut tamquam in herbis non fallacibus fructus appareat, etc.,

Cic. Lael. 19, 68; cf.:

primis segetes moriuntur in herbis,

Ov. M. 5, 4:

Ceres dominum primis fallebat in herbis,

id. F. 4, 645.—So prov.: saepe audivi, inter os atque offam multa intervenire posse; verum vero inter offam atque herbam, ibi vero longum intervallum est, Cato ap. Gell. 13, 17, 1; cf.:

sed nimium properas et adhuc tua messis in herba est,

Ov. H. 17, 263; and:

egone, qui indolem ingenii tui in germine etiam tum et in herba et in flore dilexerim, nunc frugem ipsam maturae virtutis nonne multo multoque amplius diligam?

Front. Ep. ad Anton. 1, 5 Mai.:

omnis illa laus... velut in herba vel flore praecerpta ad nullam certam et solidam pervenit frugem,

Tac. Dial. 9, 5.—Prov.: herbam dare, to own one's self beaten: herbam do cum ait Plautus, significat: victum me fateor; quod est antiquae et pastoralis vitae indicium. Nam qui in prato cursu aut viribus contendebant, cum superati erant, ex eo solo, in quo certamen erat, decerptam herbam adversario tradebant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 99 Müll.; cf. Serv. Verg. A. 8, 128; Varr. ib.; Plin. 22, 4, 4, § 8; Att. and Afran. ap. Non. 317, 18 and 20.—

Transf., weeds, useless plants:

officiant laetis ne frugibus herbae,

Verg. G. 1, 69; 2, 251; cf. id. ib. 2, 411; Plin. 18, 30, 72, § 300.

līchēn, ēnis, m., = leichên, a cryptogamic species of vegetation growing on trees, lichen.

Lit., Plin. 26, 4, 10, § 21.—

Transf., an eruption on the skin of men and beasts, a tetter, ringworm:

in fricando lichene,

Plin. 23, 7, 63, § 118:

sordidi lichenes,

Mart. 11, 98, 5.—Of beasts, Plin. 30, 10, 27, § 88.—

Esp., a callous excrescence upon the leg of a horse, used as a medicine:

lichene equi cum oleo infuso per aurem,

Plin. 28, 11, 49, § 180; 28, 17, 67, § 230 saep.

nūdus, a, um, adj. [for nugdus; root nag-, nig-, to make bare; Sanscr. nagna, naked; cf. Germ. nackt; Eng. naked], naked, bare, unclothed, uncovered, exposed.

Lit.

In gen.:

membra nuda dabant terrae,

Lucr. 5, 970 Lachm. N. cr. (not nudabant):

tamquam nudus nuces legeret, in ventrem abstulisse,

Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 265:

nudus membra Pyracmon,

Verg. A. 8, 425:

nuda pedem,

Ov. M. 7, 183:

capite nudo,

bareheaded, Sall. J. 94, 1:

pedibus nudis,

Hor. S. 1, 8, 24:

costae nudae tegmine,

Sil. 5, 449.—Esp., without the toga, in one's tunic:

nudus ara, sere nudus,

Verg. G. 1, 299; Petr. 92; Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 17; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 3, 26, 9.— Unarmed, unprotected:

in maximo metu nudum et caecum corpus ad hostes vortere,

his defenceless back, Sall. J. 107, 1; Liv. 5, 45, 3.—Prov.: vestimenta detrahere nudo, i. e. to get something out of one who has nothing, or to draw blood from a stone, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 79.—Of things:

silex nuda,

not covered with turf, Verg. E. 1, 15:

ensis,

id. A. 12, 306:

sedit humo nudā,

Ov. M. 4, 261:

et quodcumque jacet nudā tellure cadaver,

on the bare ground, unburied, Luc. 6, 550; so of unburied bodies, id. 8, 434; Stat. Th. 8, 73:

nudum nemus,

leafless, Sen. Herc. Oet. 281.—

With gen.:

loca nuda gignentium,

bare of vegetation, Sall. J. 79, 6:

nudus Arboris Othrys,

Ov. M. 12, 512. —

In partic.

Stripped, spoiled, vacant, void, deprived, or destitute of, without.

With abl.:

urbs nuda praesidio,

Cic. Att. 7, 13, 1:

praesidiis,

Liv. 29, 4, 7:

nudus agris, nudus nummis,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 184:

nudum remigio latus,

id. C. 1, 14, 4; Sil. 16, 46.—

With ab:

Messana ab his rebus sane vacua atque nuda est,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 2, § 3.—

With gen.:

mors famae nuda,

Sil. 4, 608.—

Absol.:

heri quod homines quattuor In soporem conlocāstis nudos,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 147:

partem istam subselliorum nudam atque inanem reliquerunt,

Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 16.—

Poor, needy, destitute, forlorn:

quem tu semper nudum esse voluisti,

Cic. Fl. 21, 51:

senecta,

Ov. H. 9, 154:

senectus,

Juv. 7, 35:

quis tam nudus, ut, etc.,

id. 5, 163:

sine amicis, sine hospitibus, plane nudum esse ac desertum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 66, § 148.—

Transf.

In gen., bare, mere, pure, simple, sole, alone, only:

nuda ista si ponas, judicari qualia sint non facile possim,

Cic. Par. 3, 2, 24:

ira Caesaris,

Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 17:

locorum nuda nomina,

Plin. 3, praef. §

2: virtus nudo homine contenta est,

Sen. Ben. 3, 18, 2:

nuda rerum cognitio,

Plin. Ep. 5, 8, 4:

nuda virtus,

Petr. 88: nudā manu captare fontem, i. e. without a cup, Sen. Hippol. alt. 519.—So freq. in jurid. Lat.:

nudo animo adipisci quidem possessionem non possumus: retinere tamen nudo animo possumus,

Paul. Sent. 5, tit. 2:

etiam nudus consensus sufficit obligationi,

Dig. 44, 7, 51; Gai. Inst. 3, 154.—

Esp., in phrases.

Nudum pactum, a bare agreement, i. e. a contract without consideration:

ex nudo enim pacto inter cives Romanos actio non nascitur,

Paul. Sent. 2, 14, 1.—

Nudum jus, an unexecuted right:

qui nudum jus Quiritium in servo habet, is potestatem habere non intellegitur,

Gai. Inst. 1, 54; 3, 166.—

In partic.

Simple, unadorned:

Commentarii (Caesaris) nudi sunt, recti et venusti, omni ornatu orationis tamquam veste detractā,

Cic. Brut. 75, 262:

brevitas nuda atque inornata,

id. de Or. 2, 84, 341:

quoniam dicendi facultas non debeat esse jejuna atque nuda,

id. ib. 1, 50, 218:

nuda et velut incompta oratio,

Quint. 8, 6, 41; cf. id. 2, 4, 3; Ov. A. A. 3, 747:

sedit humo nudā, nudis incompta capillis,

Ov. M. 4, 261.—

Undisguised, unadorned, not veiled or obscured:

veritas,

Hor. C. 1, 24, 7:

nudissima veritas,

Cael. Aur. Chron. 1, 5, 176:

simplex ac nuda veritas,

Lact. 3, 1, 3: nuda verba, unveiled, i. e. obscene words, Plin. Ep. 4, 14, 4.—Hence, adv.: nūdē, nakedly, simply (post-class.):

aliquid tradere breviter ac nude,

Lact. 3, 1, 11.

vestĭo, īvi or ĭi, ītum, 4 ( imperf. vestibat, Verg. A. 8, 160; inf. vestirier, Prud. Psych. 39), v. a. [vestis], to cover with a garment, to dress, clothe, vest (syn.: induo, amicio).

Lit.: Vatinii strumam sacerdotii dibaphhô vestiant, Cic. Att. 2, 9, 2:

vir te vestiat, tu virum despolies,

Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 4:

candide vestitus,

id. ib. 4, 1, 10:

vos tam maestiter vestitas,

id. Rud. 1, 5, 7:

homines male vestiti,

Cic. Pis. 25, 61:

fasciae, quibus crura vestiuntur,

Quint. 11, 3, 144:

te bis Afro Murice tinctae Vestiunt lanae,

Hor. C. 2, 16, 37:

sic Indos suae arbores vestiunt,

Plin. 12, 11, 22, § 39:

Phrygiā vestitur bucca tiarā,

Juv. 6, 516:

unam vestire tribum tua vellera possunt,

Mart. 2, 46, 5.—Mid.: vestiri in foro honeste mos erat, Cato ap. Gell. 11, 2, 5:

lino alii vestiuntur aut lanis,

Mel. 3, 7, 3.—So, in late Lat., in the active form:

tu mihi vitio dabis, quod parcius pasco, levius vestio,

am clothed, App. Mag. p. 287, 26; Tert. Pall. 1.—

Transf.

Of animals:

animantes aliae coriis tectae sunt, aliae villis vestitae,

Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 121:

sandyx pascentis vestiet agnos,

Verg. E. 4, 45:

pleraque contra frigus ex suo corpore vestiuntur,

Quint. 2, 16, 14.—

In gen., of inanimate things, to clothe, cover, deck, array, attire, surround, adorn, etc.:

campos lumine (aether),

Verg. A. 6, 640:

natura oculos membranis tenuissimis vestivit et saepsit,

Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 142; cf.:

deus animum circumdedit corpore et vestivit extrinsecus,

id. Univ. 6 fin.:

sepulcrum saeptum undique et vestitum vepribus et dumetis,

id. Tusc. 5, 23, 64:

his tabulis templi parietes vestiebantur,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 55, § 122.—

Esp., of vegetation:

montes silvis,

Liv. 32, 13, 3:

vite hederāque vestiti montes,

Just. 12, 7, 7.— Absol.:

montes vestiti,

i. e. covered with verdure, Cic. N. D. 2, 53, 132:

trabes multo aggere,

Caes. B. G. 7, 23; cf.

of the beard: molli lanugine malas,

Lucr. 5, 889:

genas flore,

Verg. A. 8, 160:

oleā magnum Taburnum,

Verg. G. 2, 38:

gramine vestitis accubuere toris,

Ov. F. 1, 402:

incendit vestitos messibus agros,

id. ib. 4, 707; Curt. 6, 5, 15; Prop. 3, 13 (4, 12), 31:

ubi se vites frondibus vestierint,

Col. 4, 27, 1:

se gramine (terra),

Verg. G. 2, 219.—

Trop., to clothe, etc.:

reconditas exquisitasque sententias mollis et pellucens vestiebat oratio,

Cic. Brut. 79, 274:

inventa vestire atque ornare oratione,

id. de Or. 1, 31, 142:

gloriā aliquem supra vires,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 22:

res, quae illo verborum habitu vestiuntur,

Quint. 8, praef. § 20; cf.

of mental culture: aridum atque jejunum non alemus et quasi vestiemus?

id. 2, 8, 9.—

Esp., to invest with the imperial purple, to make emperor:

quaere quem vestias,

Amm. 26, 4, 1.—Hence, vestītus, a, um, P. a., clothed, clad (very rare):

neque unā pelle vestitior fuit (Hercules),

App. Mag. p. 288, 28.—So comp., Tert. Anim. 38.— Sup.:

id pecus (oves) ex omnibus animalibus vestitissimum,

Col. 7, 3, 8.