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121 direction
direction [diʀεksjɔ̃]feminine nouna. ( = sens) direction• dans quelle direction est-il parti ? which way did he go?• train en direction de... train for...• « autres directions » (panneau) "all other routes"• « toutes directions » (panneau) "all routes"b. ( = action de diriger) [d'entreprise, usine, théâtre] management ; [de journal, pays, gouvernement, parti] running ; [d'orchestre] conducting ; [d'acteurs] directing ; [d'opération, manœuvre] supervision• prendre la direction de [+ service] to become head of ; [+ usine, entreprise] to become manager of ; [+ équipe, travaux] to take charge of ; [+ mouvement, pays] to become leader of ; [+ journal] to take over the editorship ofc. ( = personnel) management ; [de journal] editorial boardd. [de voiture] steering━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━* * *diʀɛksjɔ̃1) ( chemin) directionêtre or aller dans la bonne/mauvaise direction — lit, fig to be heading in the right/wrong direction
dans la direction de, en direction de — [aller, regarder] toward(s)
prenez la direction Nation — ( d'autobus) take the bus going to ‘Nation’; ( de métro) take the train going to ‘Nation’
la direction Lille — ( route) the Lille road
faire un pas or geste en direction de quelqu'un — fig to make an overture to somebody
2) ( fonction de directeur) ( gestion) management; ( supervision) supervision; ( de journal) editorship; (de parti, mouvement) leadershipassurer la direction de — (d'entreprise, de service) to manage, to run; (de projet, travaux) to be in charge of
3) ( personnes) management4) ( lieu) manager's office; ( siège social) head office5) ( service) department6) ( de véhicule) steeringdirection à crémaillère/assistée — rack-and-pinion/power steering
* * *diʀɛksjɔ̃ nf1) [entreprise] (responsabilité, équipe) management2) (= service) [budget, développement] management3) MUSIQUE conducting4) [travaux, chantier] supervision5) AUTOMOBILES steering6) (= sens) directionC'est dans quelle direction? — Which way is it?, Which direction is it in?
On va dans la même direction que vous. — We're going the same way as you., We're going in the same direction as you.
en direction de (avion, train) — for, going to, (bateau) bound for
"toutes directions" AUTOMOBILES — "all routes"
* * *direction nf1 ( chemin) direction; se tromper de direction to go in the wrong direction; être or aller dans la bonne/mauvaise direction lit, fig to be heading in the right/wrong direction; changer de direction lit, fig to change direction; quelle est la direction du vent? which way is the wind blowing?; quelle direction ont-ils prise? which way did they go?; il a pris la direction du nord he headed north; il faut orienter nos recherches dans une autre direction we must take a new direction in our research; dans la direction de, en direction de [aller, regarder] toward(s); un village dans la direction de Clermont a village on the way to Clermont; demander la direction de la poste/mairie to ask the way ou for directions to the post office/town hall; indiquer la direction à qn to tell sb the way, to give sb directions; prenez la direction Nation ( d'autobus) take the bus going to ‘Nation’; ( de métro) take the train going to ‘Nation’; la direction Lille ( route) the Lille road; train en direction de Toulouse Toulouse train; avion/bateau en direction de Lisbonne flight/ship to Lisbon; faire un pas or geste en direction de qn fig to make an overture to sb;2 ( fonction de directeur) ( gestion) management; ( supervision) supervision; ( de journal) editorship; (de parti, mouvement) leadership; on leur a confié la direction du projet/de l'entreprise/des travaux they've been put in charge of the project/company/work; il a été nommé à la direction de l'usine he's been appointed manager of the factory; il veut siéger à la direction he wants to be on the management team; assurer la direction de to manage, to run [entreprise, service]; to be in charge of [opération, travaux, projet]; orchestre sous la direction de orchestra conducted by; thèse /recherches sous la direction de thesis/research supervised by;3 ( personnes) management; la direction et les ouvriers management and workers; la direction refuse de négocier the management refuses to negotiate; allez vous plaindre à la direction go and complain to the management; ‘changement de direction’ ‘under new management’; ‘la direction décline toute responsabilité’ ‘the management accepts no responsibility’;4 ( lieu) manager's office; ( siège social) head office; les grévistes ont occupé la direction de l'usine the strikers took over the factory manager's office;5 ( service) department; direction commerciale/du personnel sales/personnel department;direction assistée Aut power steering; direction à crémaillère Aut rack-and-pinion steering; direction des ressources humaines, DRH human resources department.[dirɛksjɔ̃] nom féminin1. [fonction de chef - d'une entreprise] management, managing ; [ - d'un orchestre] conducting, direction (US) ; [ - d'un journal] editorship ; [ - d'une équipe sportive] captaininga. [société, usine] to take over the running ou management ofb. [journal] to take over the editorship ofse voir confier la direction d'une société/d'un journal/d'un lycée to be appointed manager of a firm/chief editor of a newspaper/head of a school2. [organisation - de travaux] supervision ; [ - d'un débat] chairing, conducting ; [ - de la circulation, des opérations] directing3. [maîtrise, cadres]la direction refuse toute discussion avec les syndicats (the) management refuses to talk to the unions4. [bureau] manager's officevous allez dans quelle direction? which way are you going?, where are you heading for?prenez la direction Nation [dans le métro] take the Nation line‘toutes directions’ ‘all routes’a. [coureurs, ballons] to scatterb. [pétards] to go off in all directionsc. [conversation] to wanderdirection (d'acteurs) directing, direction————————de direction locution adjectivale[équipe] managerial————————en direction de locution prépositionnelleles trains/avions/vols en direction de Marseille trains/planes/flights to Marseillesjeter un regard en direction de quelqu'un to cast a glance at ou towards somebody -
122 disparaître
disparaître° [dispaʀεtʀ]➭ TABLE 57 intransitive verba. ( = ne plus être visible) to disappear ; ( = mourir) [personne] to die ; [race, civilisation] to die outb. faire disparaître [prestidigitateur] to make disappear ; [+ document] to get rid of ; [+ tache, trace, obstacle, difficulté] to remove ; [+ personne] to eliminate ; [+ crainte] to dispel* * *dispaʀɛtʀverbe intransitif1) ( devenir invisible) to disappearfaire disparaître tout un gâteau — to gobble up (colloq) a whole cake
2) ( devenir introuvable) [objet, personne] to disappear; ( soudainement) to vanish3) ( être supprimé) [douleur, odeur] to go; [tache] to come out; [difficulté] to disappear; [craintes] to vanish; [fièvre] to subsidefaire disparaître — to get rid of [douleur, pellicules, pauvreté, trouble]; to remove [tache]; to make [something] extinct [espèce]
faire disparaître quelqu'un — euph to get rid of somebody
voir disparaître — to witness the end of [civilisation, culture]
* * *dispaʀɛtʀ vi1) (= ne plus donner signe de vie) to disappear2) (à la vue) to disappear, to vanish, (être voilé) to be hidden, to be concealed3) (= être manquant) to disappearTrois fourchettes en argent ont disparu. — Three silver forks have disappeared.
4) (= se perdre) [traditions] to die out5) (= décéder) to pass awayfaire disparaître [objet, tache, trace] — to remove, to get rid of, [personne, documents] to get rid of, (tour de magie) to make disappear
Ils ont fait disparaître tous les documents compromettants. — They got rid of all the incriminating documents.
* * *disparaître verb table: connaître vi1 ( devenir invisible) to disappear; disparaître de la scène politique to disappear from the political scene; disparaissez! out of my sight!; le soleil disparaît à l'horizon the sun is dipping below the horizon; le village disparaissait sous la neige the village was hidden by the snow; faire disparaître tout un gâteau to gobble down○ a whole cake;2 ( devenir introuvable) [objet, personne] to disappear; ( soudainement) to vanish; l'avion a disparu au-dessus de l'Atlantique the plane disappeared somewhere over the Atlantic; disparaître sans laisser de traces to disappear without trace; des centaines de personnes disparaissent chaque année hundreds of people go missing every year; faire disparaître qch to remove sth [objet];3 ( être supprimé) [douleur, odeur] to go; [tache] to come out; [difficulté] to disappear; [craintes] to vanish; [enflure] to go down; [fièvre] to subside; faire disparaître to get rid of [douleur, symptôme, trouble]; to remove [tache]; to dispel [crainte]; to make [sth] go down [enflure]; to make [sth] extinct [espèce]; to clear [pellicules, acné]; to eradicate [pauvreté, criminalité];4 euph ( mourir) to die, to go euph; ( cesser d'exister) [civilisation] to die out; [espèce] to become extinct; faire disparaître qn euph to get rid of sb; voir disparaître qch to witness the end of sth [civilisation, culture]; quand j'aurai disparu when I'm gone; disparaître en mer to be lost at sea; disparaître corps et bien gén to be lost without trace; Naut to sink without trace.[disparɛtr] verbe intransitif1. [se dissiper - peur, joie] to evaporate, to fade, to disappear ; [ - douleur, problème, odeur] to disappear ; [ - bruit] to stop, to subside ; [ - brouillard] to clear, to vanisha. [généralement] to remove somethingb. [supprimer] to get rid of something‘tout doit disparaître’ ‘everything must go’faire disparaître quelqu'un/quelque chose to conceal somebody/something4. [ne plus exister - espèce, race] to die out, to become extinct ; [ - langue, coutume] to die out, to disappear -
123 distordre
distɔʀdʀ
1.
verbe transitif [colère, douleur] to contort
2.
se distordre verbe pronominal [visage] to become contorted* * *distordre verb table: rendreA vtr1 ( perturber) to distort [son, image];2 [colère, douleur] to contort [visage, bouche]; être distordu par la douleur to be contorted with pain.B se distordre vpr1 [visage, bouche, traits] to become contorted; leur visages se distordaient sous la douleur their faces were contorted with pain;2 [image, son] to become distorted.[distɔrdr] verbe transitif————————se distordre verbe pronominal intransitif -
124 décanter
décanter [dekɑ̃te]➭ TABLE 11. transitive verb[+ liquide, vin] to allow to settle2. reflexive verb* * *dekɑ̃te
1.
verbe transitif ( laisser reposer) to allow [something] to settle [liquide]; to clarify [eaux usées]
2.
se décanter verbe pronominal1) [liquide] to settle; [eaux usées] to clarify2) [situation, idées] to become clearer* * *dekɑ̃te1. vi[vin] to settle2. vt[vin] to allow to settle* * *décanter verb table: aimerA vtr2 ( éclaircir) to get [sth] straight, to clarify [idées].B se décanter vpr1 [liquide] to settle; [eaux usées] to clarify;2 [situation, idées] to become clearer; laisser les choses se décanter to allow the dust to settle.[dekɑ̃te] verbe transitif1. [purifier - liquide] to allow to settle, to clarify ; [ - argile] to wash ; [ - produit chimique] to decant2. [éclaircir] to clarify————————se décanter verbe pronominal intransitif1. [liquide] to settle2. [situation] to settle down -
125 décomposer
décomposer [dekɔ̃poze]➭ TABLE 11. transitive verba. ( = diviser) to split up into its component parts ; [+ lumière] to break up ; [+ phrase, problème] to break down• le professeur de danse a décomposé le mouvement devant nous the dance teacher went through the movement slowly for usb. ( = altérer) la douleur décomposait ses traits his face was contorted with painc. [+ viande] to cause to decompose2. reflexive verbb. ( = être constitué) se décomposer en trois parties to be divided into three parts* * *dekɔ̃poze
1.
1) ( analyser) to break [something] down [raisonnement, phrase] (en into); to break down [eau]; to disperse [lumière]; to resolve [force]; Mathématique to factorize [expression]2) ( déformer) to distort [traits, visage]
2.
se décomposer verbe pronominal1) ( pourrir) [matière organique] to decompose; [société, parti] to fall apart2) ( se déformer) [visage, traits] to become distorted* * *dekɔ̃poze vt1) [matière, corps] to decompose, to cause to decompose2) CHIMIE, [molécule] to decompose, to break down3) (pour expliquer) [phases, processus, texte] to break down4) MATHÉMATIQUE, [expression] to decompose5) [traits, visage] to distort* * *décomposer verb table: aimerA vtr1 ( analyser) to break [sth] down [raisonnement, argumentation, phrase] (en into);2 ( montrer au ralenti) to break down [mouvement];4 Math ( en facteurs) to factorize;5 ( putréfier) to cause [sth] to decompose;7 (désorganiser, détruire) to cause [sth] to disintegrate [société, parti].B se décomposer vpr1 [matière organique] to decompose;2 [société, parti] to fall apart;3 [visage, traits] to become distorted;4 [composé] to break down (en into); la phrase/le raisonnement se décompose en… the sentence/the argument can be broken down into ou separated into…[dekɔ̃poze] verbe transitif2. PHYSIQUE [force] to resolve[lumière] to disperse4. [analyser - texte, raisonnement] to break down (separable), to analyse ; [ - mouvement, processus] to decompose, to break up (separable) ; [ - exercice, mélodie] to go through (step by step) (inseparable)6. [altérer]————————se décomposer verbe pronominal (emploi passif)le texte se décompose en trois parties the text can be broken down ou divided into three partsGRAMMAIRE [phrase] to be parsed————————se décomposer verbe pronominal intransitif2. [s'altérer - visage] to become distorted -
126 dégarnir
degaʀniʀ
1.
verbe transitif to empty [rayon]
2.
se dégarnir verbe pronominal1) ( perdre ses cheveux)il a le front qui se dégarnit — his hair is receding, he's got a receding hair line
2) ( se vider) [rue, salle] to empty* * *deɡaʀniʀ vt(= vider) [vitrine, placard, salle] to empty* * *dégarnir verb table: finirA vtr to empty [rayon, frigo, compte en banque]; dégarnir une place forte de ses troupes Mil to withdraw the garrison from a fortress town.B se dégarnir vpr1 ( perdre ses cheveux) [personne] to be going bald, to be losing one's hair; il a le crâne qui se dégarnit he's receding, he's got a receding hairline;2 ( se vider) [rue, salle] to empty.[degarnir] verbe transitif1. [ôter les objets de - salon] to empty ; [ - collection] to deplete2. [ôter l'argent de - portefeuille] to empty, to deplete ; [ - compte en banque] to drain, to draw heavily on3. [ôter les feuilles de] to strip of its leaves————————se dégarnir verbe pronominal intransitif1. [se vider - boîte, collection, rayonnage] to become depleted ; [ - groupe] to become depleted, to thin outson crâne se dégarnit he's losing hair ou thinning on top3. [arbre] to lose its leaves[forêt] to become depleted ou thinner -
127 délabrer
délabrer [delαbʀe]➭ TABLE 11. transitive verb2. reflexive verb► se délabrer [maison, mur, matériel] to fall into decay* * *delabʀe
1.
verbe transitif to ruin [maison, équipement]
2.
se délabrer verbe pronominal [maison, équipement, économie, pays] to become run-down; [affaires] to go to rack and ruin; [santé] to deteriorate* * *délabrer verb table: aimerA vtr to ruin [maison, équipement, vêtement, santé, économie]; to deplete [fortune].B se délabrer vpr1 [maison, équipement, économie, pays] to become run-down; [affaires] to go to rack and ruin; [santé] to deteriorate;2 se délabrer la santé/l'estomac to ruin one's health/stomach.[delabre] verbe transitif1. [bâtiment, meuble] to ruin2. [santé] to ruin[organe] to damage3. [réputation] to ruin————————se délabrer verbe pronominal intransitif[bâtiment] to go to ruins[entreprise] to collapse -
128 dépeupler
depœple1) Géographie, Sociologie to depopulate2) ( vider temporairement) to empty3) Écologie to reduce the wildlife in [forêt, rivière]* * *depœple vt* * *dépeupler verb table: aimerA vtr2 ( vider temporairement) to empty; dépeupler les rues to empty the streets;3 Écol to reduce the wildlife in [forêt, rivière].B se dépeupler vpr2 ( se vider temporairement) to become deserted;3 Écol [forêt, rivière] to lose its wildlife.[depɶple] verbe transitif2. [volontairement - étang] to empty (of fish), to destock ; [ - forêt] to clear (of trees), to thin out the trees ofdépeupler l'étang/la forêt [involontairement] to kill off the fish stocks in the pond/trees in the forest————————se dépeupler verbe pronominal intransitif2. [rivière] to lose its stock[forêt] to thin out
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