-
1 large
[lɑːdʒ]adjduży, wielkiat large — ( at liberty) na wolności
* * *(great in size, amount etc; not small: a large number of people; a large house; a large family; This house is too large for two people.) duży- largely- largeness
- at large -
2 the Black Death
noun (the plague that killed large numbers of people in Europe in the 14th to 18th centuries) czarna śmierć, zaraza -
3 the mass media
(those channels of communication (TV, radio, newspapers etc) that reach large numbers of people.) środki masowego przekazu -
4 battery
['bætərɪ]n(for torch, radio etc) bateria f; ( AUT) akumulator m; ( of tests) zestaw m, seria f; ( of cameras) zespół m* * *['bætəri]plural - batteries; noun1) (a series of two or more electric cells arranged to produce, or store, a current: a torch battery.) bateria, akumulator2) (an arrangement of cages in which laying hens etc are kept.) bateria3) (a group of large guns (and the people manning them).) bateria4) (a long series: a battery of questions.) bateria, seria (pytań) -
5 mass
[mæs] 1. nto go to Mass — iść (pójść perf) na mszę
2. cpd 3. vimasses of ( inf) — (cała) masa f +gen (inf)
gromadzić się (zgromadzić się perf) masowo or licznie* * *I 1. [mæs] noun1) (a large lump or quantity, gathered together: a mass of concrete/people.) masa2) (a large quantity: I've masses of work / things to do.) masa3) (the bulk, principal part or main body: The mass of people are in favour of peace.) większóść4) ((a) measure of the quantity of matter in an object: The mass of the rock is 500 kilos.) masa2. verb(to bring or come together in large numbers or quantities: The troops massed for an attack.) zgromadzić (się)3. adjective(of large quantities or numbers: mass murder; a mass meeting.) masowy- mass-produce
- mass-production
- the mass media II [mæs] noun1) ((a) celebration, especially in the Roman Catholic church, of Christ's last meal (Last Supper) with his disciples: What time do you go to Mass?) msza2) (a setting to music of some of the words used in this service.) msza -
6 slaughter
['slɔːtə(r)] 1. nrzeź f2. vt* * *['slo:tə] 1. noun1) (the killing of people or animals in large numbers, cruelly and usually unnecessarily: Many people protested at the annual slaughter of seals.) rzeź2) (the killing of animals for food: Methods of slaughter must be humane.) ubój2. verb1) (to kill (animals) for food: Thousands of cattle are slaughtered here every year.) zatrzymywać2) (to kill in a cruel manner, especially in large numbers.) masakrować3) (to criticize unmercifully or defeat very thoroughly: Our team absolutely slaughtered the other side.) miażdżyć• -
7 some
[sʌm] 1. adj1) ( a certain amount of) trochę +gen; ( a certain number of) parę +gen nvir pl, paru +gen vir pl, kilka +gen nvir pl, kilku +gen vir plsome tea/water — trochę herbaty/wody
2) ( certain) ( in contrasts) niektóre +nvir pl, niektórzy +vir plsome people say that … — niektórzy (ludzie) mówią, że …
3) ( unspecified)2. pronhave you got any friends? — yes, I've got some — (czy) masz jakichś przyjaciół? — tak, mam paru or kilku
have you got any stamps? — yes, I've got some — (czy) masz jakieś znaczki? — tak, mam parę or kilka
2) ( a certain amount) trochę3. advhave we got any money? — yes, we've got some — (czy) mamy jakieś pieniądze? — tak, mamy trochę
* * *1. pronoun, adjective1) (an indefinite amount or number (of): I can see some people walking across the field; You'll need some money if you're going shopping; Some of the ink was spilt on the desk.) kilka, trochę2) ((said with emphasis) a certain, or small, amount or number (of): `Has she any experience of the work?' `Yes, she has some.'; Some people like the idea and some don't.) trochę, niektórzy3) ((said with emphasis) at least one / a few / a bit (of): Surely there are some people who agree with me?; I don't need much rest from work, but I must have some.) jakiś4) (certain: He's quite kind in some ways.) pewny, pewien2. adjective1) (a large, considerable or impressive (amount or number of): I spent some time trying to convince her; I'll have some problem sorting out these papers!) nie lada2) (an unidentified or unnamed (thing, person etc): She was hunting for some book that she's lost.) jakiś3) ((used with numbers) about; at a rough estimate: There were some thirty people at the reception.) jakieś, około3. adverb((American) somewhat; to a certain extent: I think we've progressed some.) nieco- somebody- someday
- somehow
- someone
- something
- sometime
- sometimes
- somewhat
- somewhere
- mean something
- or something
- something like
- something tells me -
8 number
['nʌmbə(r)] 1. nliczba f; (of house, bus etc) numer m2. vta number of — kilka +gen
any number of — wiele (różnych) +gen
wrong number ( TEL) — pomyłka
* * *1. noun1) ((sometimes abbreviated to no - plural nos - when written in front of a figure) a word or figure showing eg how many of something there are, or the position of something in a series etc: Seven was often considered a magic number; Answer nos 1-10 of exercise 2.) liczba, numer2) (a (large) quantity or group (of people or things): He has a number of records; There were a large number of people in the room.) (znaczna) ilość3) (one issue of a magazine: the autumn number.) numer4) (a popular song or piece of music: He sang his most popular number.) numer2. verb1) (to put a number on: He numbered the pages in the top corner.) ponumerować2) (to include: He numbered her among his closest friends.) zaliczać3) (to come to in total: The group numbered ten.) liczyć•- number-plate
- his days are numbered
- without number -
9 quarter
['kwɔːtə(r)] 1. n( fourth part) ćwierć f; (US) ( coin) ćwierć f dolara; ( of year) kwartał m; ( of city) dzielnica fit's a quarter to 3, (US) it's a quarter of 3 — jest za kwadrans trzecia
it's a quarter past 3, (US) it's a quarter after 3 — jest kwadrans po trzeciej
- quarters2. vt* * *['kwo:tə] 1. noun1) (one of four equal parts of something which together form the whole (amount) of the thing: There are four of us, so we'll cut the cake into quarters; It's (a) quarter past / (American) after four; In the first quarter of the year his firm made a profit; The shop is about a quarter of a mile away; an hour and a quarter; two and a quarter hours.) ćwiartka, kwadrans, kwartał2) (in the United States and Canada, (a coin worth) twenty-five cents, the fourth part of a dollar.) ćwierć dolara3) (a district or part of a town especially where a particular group of people live: He lives in the Polish quarter of the town.) dzielnica4) (a direction: People were coming at me from all quarters.) strona (świata)5) (mercy shown to an enemy.) łaska6) (the leg of a usually large animal, or a joint of meat which includes a leg: a quarter of beef; a bull's hindquarters.) ćwiartka7) (the shape of the moon at the end of the first and third weeks of its cycle; the first or fourth week of the cycle itself.) kwadra8) (one of four equal periods of play in some games.) kwarta9) (a period of study at a college etc usually 10 to 12 weeks in length.) trymestr2. verb1) (to cut into four equal parts: We'll quarter the cake and then we'll all have an equal share.) pokroić na cztery części2) (to divide by four: If we each do the work at the same time, we could quarter the time it would take to finish the job.) podzielić na cztery części3) (to give (especially a soldier) somewhere to stay: The soldiers were quartered all over the town.) zakwaterować•3. adverb(once every three months: We pay our electricity bill quarterly.) kwartalnie4. noun(a magazine etc which is published once every three months.) kwartalnik- quarters- quarter-deck
- quarter-final
- quarter-finalist
- quartermaster
- at close quarters -
10 ring
[rɪŋ] 1. n( on finger) pierścionek m; ( large) pierścień m; (also: wedding ring) obrączka f; (for keys, of smoke) kółko nt; (of people, objects) krąg m, koło nt; ( of spies) siatka f; ( of drug-dealers) gang m; ( for boxing) ring m; (of circus, for bullfighting) arena f; ( on cooker) palnik m; ( sound of bell) dzwonek m2. vi; pt rang, pp rung 3. vt; pt rang, pp rung ( BRIT)( TEL) dzwonić (zadzwonić perf) do +gen; ( mark) zakreślać (zakreślić perf), brać (wziąć perf) w kółeczko (inf)to give sb a ring ( BRIT) — dzwonić (zadzwonić perf) do kogoś
to ring true/false — brzmieć szczerze/fałszywie
to run rings round sb ( inf, fig) — bić kogoś na głowę (inf)
Phrasal Verbs:- ring off- ring up* * *I 1. [riŋ] noun1) (a small circle eg of gold or silver, sometimes having a jewel set in it, worn on the finger: a wedding ring; She wears a diamond ring.) pierścionek2) (a circle of metal, wood etc for any of various purposes: a scarf-ring; a key-ring; The trap-door had a ring attached for lifting it.) pierścień, kółko3) (anything which is like a circle in shape: The children formed a ring round their teacher; The hot teapot left a ring on the polished table.) koło4) (an enclosed space for boxing matches, circus performances etc: the circus-ring; The crowd cheered as the boxer entered the ring.) ring5) (a small group of people formed for business or criminal purposes: a drugs ring.) krąg, szajka2. verb( verb)1) (to form a ring round.) otaczać kołem2) (to put, draw etc a ring round (something): He has ringed all your errors.) zakreślić3) (to put a ring on the leg of (a bird) as a means of identifying it.) obrączkować•- ringlet
- ring finger
- ringleader
- ringmaster
- run rings round II 1. [riŋ] past tense - rang; verb1) (to (cause to) sound: The doorbell rang; He rang the doorbell; The telephone rang.) (za)dzwonić2) ((often with up) to telephone (someone): I'll ring you (up) tonight.) zadzwonić do3) ((often with for) to ring a bell (eg in a hotel) to tell someone to come, to bring something etc: She rang for the maid.) zadzwonić (na)4) ((of certain objects) to make a high sound like a bell: The glass rang as she hit it with a metal spoon.) zadzwonić5) (to be filled with sound: The hall rang with the sound of laughter.) rozbrzmiewać6) ((often with out) to make a loud, clear sound: His voice rang through the house; A shot rang out.) rozlegać się2. noun1) (the act or sound of ringing: the ring of a telephone.) dzwonek2) (a telephone call: I'll give you a ring.) rozmowa telefoniczna3) (a suggestion, impression or feeling: His story has a ring of truth about it.) brzmienie, nuta•- ring back
- ring off
- ring true -
11 nation
['neɪʃən]n* * *['neiʃən]1) (a group of people living in a particular country, forming a single political and economic unit.) naród2) (a large number of people who share the same history, ancestors, culture etc (whether or not they all live in the same country): the Jewish nation.) naród•- national- nationally
- nationalism
- nationalist
- nationalistic
- nationality
- nationalize
- nationalise
- nationalization
- nationalisation
- national anthem
- national service
- nation-wide -
12 family
['fæmɪlɪ]nrodzina f* * *['fæməli]plural - families; noun1) ((singular or plural) a man, his wife and their children: These houses were built for families; The (members of the) Smith family are all very athletic; ( also adjective) a family holiday.) rodzina2) (a group of people related to each other, including cousins, grandchildren etc: He comes from a wealthy family; ( also adjective) the family home.) rodzina, ród3) (the children of a man and his wife: When I get married I should like a large family.) rodzina4) (a group of plants, animals, languages etc that are connected in some way: In spite of its name, a koala bear is not a member of the bear family.) rodzina•- family tree -
13 model
['mɔdl] 1. n(of boat, building etc) model m; (fashion model, artist's model) model(ka) m(f); ( example) wzór m, model m2. adj( excellent) wzorowy; ( small scale) miniaturowy3. vt 4. vi( for designer) pracować jako model(ka) m(f); (for painter, photographer) pozowaćto model o.s. on — wzorować się na +loc
* * *['modl] 1. noun1) (a copy or representation of something usually on a much smaller scale: a model of the Taj Mahal; ( also adjective) a model aeroplane.) model2) (a particular type or design of something, eg a car, that is manufactured in large numbers: Our car is a 1999 model.) model3) (a person who wears clothes etc so that possible buyers can see them being worn: He has a job as a male fashion model.) model(ka)4) (a person who is painted, sculpted, photographed etc by an artist, photographer etc: I work as an artist's model.) model(ka)5) (something that can be used to copy from.) wzorzec6) (a person or thing which is an excellent example: She is a model of politeness; ( also adjective) model behaviour.) wzór2. verb1) (to wear (clothes etc) to show them to possible buyers: They model (underwear) for a living.) prezentować2) (to work or pose as a model for an artist, photographer etc: She models at the local art school.) pozować3) (to make models (of things or people): to model (the heads of famous people) in clay.) modelować, wymodelować4) (to form (something) into a (particular) shape: She modelled the clay into the shape of a penguin; She models herself on her older sister.) (od)wzorować• -
14 crowd
[kraud] 1. ntłum m2. vt3. vito crowd sb/sth in/into — wpychać (wepchnąć perf) kogoś/coś do środka/do +gen
to crowd round sb/sth — tłoczyć się (stłoczyć się perf) dookoła kogoś/czegoś
to crowd in/into — wpychać się (wepchnąć się perf) do środka/do +gen
the/our crowd — (nasza) paczka (inf)
* * *1. noun1) (a number of persons or things gathered together: A crowd of people gathered in the street.) tłum2) (a group of friends, usually known to one another: John's friends are a nice crowd.) paczka2. verb1) (to gather in a large group: They crowded round the injured motorcyclist.) gromadzić się, tłoczyć się2) (to fill too full by coming together in: Sightseers crowded the building.) wypełniać•- crowded -
15 poll
[pəul] 1. n(also: opinion poll) ankieta f, badanie nt opinii publicznej; ( election) głosowanie nt, wybory pl2. vtto go to the polls — voters iść (pójść perf) do urn wyborczych; government stawać (stanąć perf) do wyborów
* * *[pəul] 1. noun1) (an election: They organized a poll to elect a president.) wybory, głosowane2) (the number of votes: There has been a heavy poll (= a large number of votes).) frekwencja wyborcza3) ((also opinion poll) a test of public opinion by asking people questions.) ankieta2. verb(to receive a number of votes: He polled fifty per cent of the votes.) zdobyć, zgromadzić- polling-station
- go to the polls -
16 wholesale
['həulseɪl] 1. nhurt m2. adjprice hurtowy; destruction masowy3. advhurtowo, hurtem* * *['həulseil]1) (( also adverb) buying and selling goods on a large scale, usually from a manufacturer and to a retailer: a wholesale business; He buys the materials wholesale.) hurtowy2) (on a large scale: the wholesale slaughter of innocent people.) masowy• -
17 stand
[stænd] 1. pt, pp stood, n ( COMM)( stall) stoisko nt, budka f; ( at exhibition) stoisko nt; (SPORT) trybuna f; ( piece of furniture) wieszak m, stojak m2. vi(be on foot, be placed) stać; ( rise) wstawać (wstać perf), powstawać (powstać perf); ( remain) pozostawać (pozostać perf) ważnym, zachowywać (zachować perf) aktualność; ( in election etc) kandydować3. vtto stand at — level, score etc wynosić (wynieść perf)
to make a stand against sth — dawać (dać perf) odpór czemuś
to take a stand on sth — zajmować (zająć perf) stanowisko w jakiejś sprawie
to take the stand (US) — zajmować (zająć perf) miejsce dla świadków
to stand to gain/lose sth — móc coś zyskać/stracić
to stand sb a drink/meal — stawiać (postawić perf) komuś drinka/obiad
to stand trial — stawać (stanąć perf) przed sądem
Phrasal Verbs:- stand by- stand up* * *[stænd] 1. past tense, past participle - stood; verb1) (to be in an upright position, not sitting or lying: His leg was so painful that he could hardly stand; After the storm, few trees were left standing.) stać2) ((often with up) to rise to the feet: He pushed back his chair and stood up; Some people like to stand (up) when the National Anthem is played.) wstawać, stać3) (to remain motionless: The train stood for an hour outside Newcastle.) stać4) (to remain unchanged: This law still stands.) pozostawać w mocy, obowiązywać5) (to be in or have a particular place: There is now a factory where our house once stood.) stać6) (to be in a particular state, condition or situation: As matters stand, we can do nothing to help; How do you stand financially?) stać, wyglądać7) (to accept or offer oneself for a particular position etc: He is standing as Parliamentary candidate for our district.) kandydować8) (to put in a particular position, especially upright: He picked up the fallen chair and stood it beside the table.) stawiać9) (to undergo or endure: He will stand (his) trial for murder; I can't stand her rudeness any longer.) wytrzymywać10) (to pay for (a meal etc) for (a person): Let me stand you a drink!) stawiać2. noun1) (a position or place in which to stand ready to fight etc, or an act of fighting etc: The guard took up his stand at the gate; I shall make a stand for what I believe is right.) stanowisko2) (an object, especially a piece of furniture, for holding or supporting something: a coat-stand; The sculpture had been removed from its stand for cleaning.) stojak, podstawa3) (a stall where goods are displayed for sale or advertisement.) stoisko, wystawa4) (a large structure beside a football pitch, race course etc with rows of seats for spectators: The stand was crowded.) trybuna5) ((American) a witness box in a law court.) miejsce dla świadka•- standing 3. noun1) (time of lasting: an agreement of long standing.) czas trwania2) (rank or reputation: a diplomat of high standing.) pozycja•- stand-by4. adjective((of an airline passenger or ticket) costing or paying less than the usual fare, as the passenger does not book a seat for a particular flight, but waits for the first available seat.) bez rezerwacji5. adverb(travelling in this way: It costs a lot less to travel stand-by.) bez rezerwacji- stand-in- standing-room
- make someone's hair stand on end
- stand aside
- stand back
- stand by
- stand down
- stand fast/firm
- stand for
- stand in
- stand on one's own two feet
- stand on one's own feet
- stand out
- stand over
- stand up for
- stand up to -
18 double
['dʌbl] 1. adj 2. adv 3. nsobowtór m4. vt 5. vito double as — spełniać (spełnić perf) równocześnie funkcję +gen
on the double, ( BRIT) at the double — dwa razy szybciej
double five two six (5526) ( BRIT, TEL) — pięćdziesiąt pięć, dwadzieścia sześć
it's spelt with a double "l" — to się pisze przez dwa "l"
Phrasal Verbs:* * *1. adjective1) (of twice the (usual) weight, size etc: A double whisky, please.) podwójny2) (two of a sort together or occurring in pairs: double doors.) podwójny3) (consisting of two parts or layers: a double thickness of paper; a double meaning.) podwójny4) (for two people: a double bed.) podwójny2. adverb1) (twice: I gave her double the usual quantity.) podwójnie2) (in two: The coat had been folded double.) we dwoje, na pół3. noun1) (a double quantity: Whatever the women earn, the men earn double.) dwa, 2 razy tyle2) (someone who is exactly like another: He is my father's double.) sobowtór4. verb1) (to (cause to) become twice as large or numerous: He doubled his income in three years; Road accidents have doubled since 1960.) podwoić2) (to have two jobs or uses: This sofa doubles as a bed.) pełnić też funkcję•- doubles- double agent
- double bass
- double-bedded
- double-check
- double-cross
- double-dealing 5. adjective(cheating: You double-dealing liar!) obłudny6. adjectivea double-decker bus.) piętrowy- double figures
- double-quick
- at the double
- double back
- double up
- see double -
19 general
['dʒɛnərl] 1. ngenerał m2. adjogólny; secretary etc generalnyin general — ( on the whole) ogólnie or generalnie (rzecz) biorąc; ( as a whole) w ogóle; ( ordinarily) na ogół
* * *['‹enərəl] 1. adjective1) (of, involving etc all, most or very many people, things etc: The general feeling is that he is stupid; His general knowledge is good although he is not good at mathematics.) ogólny2) (covering a large number of cases: a general rule.) ogólny3) (without details: I'll just give you a general idea of the plan.) ogólny4) ((as part of an official title) chief: the Postmaster General.) generalny, główny2. noun(in the British army, (a person of) the rank next below field marshal: General Smith.) generał- generalise
- generalization
- generalisation
- generally
- General Certificate of Education
- general election
- general practitioner
- general store
- as a general rule
- in general
- the general public -
20 rally
['rælɪ] 1. n ( POL) 2. vt 3. visick person dochodzić (dojść perf) do siebie; Stock Exchange zwyżkować, ożywiać się (ożywić się perf)Phrasal Verbs:* * *['ræli] 1. verb1) (to come or bring together again: The general tried to rally his troops after the defeat; The troops rallied round the general.) skupiać (się)2) (to come or bring together for a joint action or effort: The supporters rallied to save the club from collapse; The politician asked his supporters to rally to the cause.) zebrać/zjednoczyć (się)3) (to (cause to) recover health or strength: She rallied from her illness.) postawić na nogi, pozbierać się2. noun1) (a usually large gathering of people for some purpose: a Scouts' rally.) zlot, wiec2) (a meeting (usually of cars or motorcycles) for a competition, race etc.) rajd3) (an improvement in health after an illness.) powrót do zdrowia4) ((in tennis etc) a (usually long) series of shots before the point is won or lost.) wymiana uderzeń/piłek•
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