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1 налог на выброс диоксид углерода
налог на выброс диоксид углерода
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
carbon dioxide tax
Compulsory charges levied on fuels to reduce the output of carbon dioxide (CO2), which is a colourless and odourless gas substance that is incombustible. (Source: ODE / RHW)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > налог на выброс диоксид углерода
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2 обработка газа
обработка газа
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
treatment of gases
Gas is treated before it can be supplied to the marketplace. The extent to which gas needs to be processed will depend on its quality, the amount of associated impurities such as water, carbon dioxide and sulphur compounds, and the ultimate end-use for the gas. Common gaseous impurities found in natural gas are carbon dioxide and sulphur compounds. Both have an acidic reaction and are given the generic name 'acid gases'. These gases can be removed by a number of commercial processes, using either a physical or a chemical solvent. Physical solvent processes tend to be used where gas pressures are high and for gases with lower levels of propane and heavier hydrocarbons. (Source: SHELL)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > обработка газа
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3 круговорот углерода
круговорот углерода
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
carbon cycle
The cycle of carbon in the biosphere, in which plants convert carbon dioxide to organic compounds that are consumed by plants and animals, and the carbon is returned to the biosphere in inorganic form by processes of respiration and decay. (Source: MGH)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > круговорот углерода
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4 каталитический конвертер
каталитический конвертер
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
catalytic converter
Catalytic converters are designed to clean up the exhaust fumes from petrol-driven vehicles, which are otherwise the major threat to air quality standards in congested urban streets and on motorways. Converters remove carbon monoxide, the unburned hydrocarbons and the oxides of nitrogen. These compounds are damaging to human health and the environment in a variety of ways. The converter is attached to the vehicle' s exhaust near the engine. Exhaust gases pass through the cellular ceramic substrate, a honeycomb-like filter. While compact, the intricate honeycomb structure provides a surface area of 23.000 square metres. This is coated with a thin layer of platinum, palladium and rhodium metals, which act as catalysts that simulate a reaction to changes in the chemical composition of the gases. Platinum and palladium convert hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide and water vapour. Rhodium changes nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons into nitrogen and water, which are harmless. (Source: WRIGHT)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > каталитический конвертер
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5 воздействие быта на окружающую среду
воздействие быта на окружающую среду
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
environmental impact of households
Household impacts on the environment include domestic heating emissions (hot air, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, water vapour and oxide of nitrogen, sulphur and other trace gases); domestic sewage consisting of human bodily discharges, water from kitchens, bathrooms and laundries; the dumping of bulky wastes such as old washing machines, refrigerators, cars and other objects that will not fit into the standard dustbin and which are often dumped about the countryside, etc. (Source: WPR / GILP96)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > воздействие быта на окружающую среду
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6 углерод
углерод
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
carbon
A nonmetallic element existing in the three crystalline forms: graphite, diamond and buckminsterfullerene: occurring in carbon dioxide, coal, oil and all organic compounds. (Source: CED)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > углерод
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7 деградация природных ресурсов
деградация природных ресурсов
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
degradation of natural resources
The result of the cumulative activities of farmers, households, and industries, all trying to improve their socio-economic well being. These activities tend to be counterproductive for several reasons. People may not completely understand the long-term consequences of their activities on the natural resource base. The most important ways in which human activity is interfering with the global ecosystem are: a) fossil fuel burning which may double the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration by the middle of the next century, as well as further increasing the emissions of sulphur and nitrogen very significantly; b) expanding agriculture and forestry and the associated use of fertilizers (nitrogen and phosphorous) are significantly altering the natural circulation of these nutrients; c) increased exploitation of the freshwater system both for irrigation in agriculture and industry and for waste disposal. (Source: WPR)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > деградация природных ресурсов
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8 геотермальная энергия
геотермальная энергия
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
geothermal energy
An energy produced by tapping the earth's internal heat. At present, the only available technologies to do this are those that extract heat from hydrothermal convection systems, where water or steam transfer the heat from the deeper part of the earth to the areas where the energy can be tapped. The amount of pollutants found in geothermal vary from area to area but may contain arsenic, boron, selenium, lead, cadmium, and fluorides. They also may contain hydrogen sulphide, mercury, ammonia, radon, carbon dioxide, and methane. (Source: KOREN)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > геотермальная энергия
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9 биологическая обработка
биологическая обработка
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
biological treatment
Process that uses microorganisms to decompose organic wastes either into water, carbon dioxide, and simple inorganic substances, or into simpler organic substances, such as aldehydes and acids. The purpose of a biological treatment system is to control the environment for microorganisms so that their growth and activity are enhanced, and provide a means for maintaining high concentration of the microorganisms in contact with the wastes. (Source: PARCOR)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > биологическая обработка
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10 биологическая утилизация отходов
биологическая утилизация отходов
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
biological waste treatment
A generic term applied to processes that use microorganisms to decompose organic wastes either into water, carbon dioxide, and simple inorganic substances, such as aldehydes and acids. The purpose of biological waste treatment is to control either the environment for microorganisms so that their growth and activity are enhanced, and to provide a means for maintaining high concentrations of the microorganisms in contact with the wastes.
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > биологическая утилизация отходов
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11 рубка леса
рубка леса
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
woodland clearance
The permanent clear-felling of an area of forest or woodland. On steep slopes this can lead to severe soil erosion, especially where heavy seasonal rains or the melting of snow at higher levels cause sudden heavy flows of water. In the humid tropics it may also lead to a release of carbon dioxide from the soil. (Source: ALL2)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > рубка леса
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12 цементная промышленность
цементная промышленность
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
cement industry
Industry for the production of cement. The emissions of most relevance from this sector are atmospheric: dust, carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides are the most important. Cement is essential for the construction sector, either directly or mixed with sand or gravel to form concrete. (Source: DOBRIS)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > цементная промышленность
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13 контроль за загрязнением
контроль за загрязнением
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
pollution control
Chemical and physical methods to lessen discharges of most pollutants; for carbon dioxide there is, at present, no economic or practical way to reduce the quantities discharged except by reduced fossil fuel usage. Most specific means for removing pollutants from emissions include flue-gas desulphurisation, fluidised combustion, catalytic converters and the redesign of equipment, such as furnace burners and car engines, to lessen the production of pollutants. (Source: BRACK)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > контроль за загрязнением
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14 респираторная система
респираторная система
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
respiratory system
The structures and passages involved with the intake, expulsion and exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the vertebrate body. (Source: MGH)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > респираторная система
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15 альвеола
альвеола
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
alveolus
A tiny, thin-walled, capillary-rich sac in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place. Also called air sac. (Source: AMHER)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > альвеола
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16 газ, способствующий парниковому эффекту
газ, способствующий парниковому эффекту
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
greenhouse gas
A collective expression for those components of the atmosphere that influence the greenhouse effect, namely carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxides, ozone, CFCs and water vapour. (Source: GILP96)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > газ, способствующий парниковому эффекту
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17 компонент атмосферы
компонент атмосферы
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
atmospheric component
The Earth's atmosphere consists by volume of nitrogen (79,1%), oxygen (20,9%), carbon dioxide (about 0,03%) and traces of the noble gases (argon, krypton, xenon, helium) plus water vapour, traces of ammonia, organic matter, ozone, various salts and suspended solid particles. (Source: ALL)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > компонент атмосферы
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18 респирация
респирация
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
respiration
The process in living organisms of taking in oxygen from the surroundings and giving out carbon dioxide. (Source: CED)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > респирация
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19 климатический эксперимент
климатический эксперимент
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
climatic experiment
Experiments conducted to estimate future climatic conditions employing modelling of the physical processes underlying climatic change and variability; also, assessments are required of uncertain future man-made inputs such as increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide and other green-house gases. (Source: YOUNG)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > климатический эксперимент
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20 смешанное загрязнение
смешанное загрязнение
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
composite pollution
Emissions of ozone-degrading gases (CFCs, halons); emissions of greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, CFCs, nitrous oxides, halons); emissions of acidifying gases (sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides); emissions of substances that contribute to eutrophication (phosphate and nitrogen-containing materials); emissions of toxic materials (pesticides, radioactive substances, priority toxic substances); solid wastes returned to the environment. (Source: UNEP)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > смешанное загрязнение
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См. также в других словарях:
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