-
1 just
[dʒʌst] 1. adj 2. advjust as I expected — dokładnie tak, jak się spodziewałem
just now — ( a moment ago) dopiero co; ( at the present time) w tej chwili
it's just as well (that …) — no i dobrze (, że …)
just as he was leaving — w chwili, gdy wychodził
just before/after — krótko przed +instr /po +loc
just after you called — krótko po tym, jak zadzwoniłeś
just enough — akurat tyle, ile potrzeba
just a minute!, just one moment! — chwileczkę!, momencik!
* * *I adjective1) (right and fair: not favouring one more than another: a fair and just decision.) sprawiedliwy2) (reasonable; based on one's rights: He certainly has a just claim to the money.) słuszny3) (deserved: He got his just reward when he crashed the stolen car and broke his leg.) zasłużony•- justly- justness II adverb1) ((often with as) exactly or precisely: This penknife is just what I needed; He was behaving just as if nothing had happened; The house was just as I'd remembered it.) dokładnie2) ((with as) quite: This dress is just as nice as that one.) całkiem tak3) (very lately or recently: He has just gone out of the house.) dopiero co4) (on the point of; in the process of: She is just coming through the door.) właśnie5) (at the particular moment: The telephone rang just as I was leaving.) akurat6) ((often with only) barely: We have only just enough milk to last till Friday; I just managed to escape; You came just in time.) ledwo7) (only; merely: They waited for six hours just to get a glimpse of the Queen; `Where are you going?' `Just to the post office'; Could you wait just a minute?) tylko8) (used for emphasis, eg with commands: Just look at that mess!; That just isn't true!; I just don't know what to do.) po prostu9) (absolutely: The weather is just marvellous.) po prostu•- just now
- just then -
2 argue
['ɑːgjuː] 1. vi 2. vtto argue that … — utrzymywać, że …
to argue about sth — ( quarrel) sprzeczać się na temat czegoś; ( debate) dyskutować o czymś
to argue for/against sth — przedstawiać (przedstawić perf) argumenty za czymś/przeciw(ko) czemuś
* * *1) ((with with someone, about something) to quarrel with (a person) or discuss (something) with a person in a not very friendly way: I'm not going to argue; Will you children stop arguing with each other about whose toy that is!) kłócić/spierać się2) ((with for, against) to suggest reasons for or for not doing something: I argued for/against accepting the plan.) wysuwać argumenty (za, przeciw)3) ((with into, out of) to persuade (a person) (not) to do something: I'll try to argue him into going; He argued her out of buying the dress.) przekonywać4) (to discuss, giving one's reasoning: She argued the point very cleverly.) omawiać, przedstawiać, dowodzić•- arguable- argument
- argumentative -
3 issue
['ɪʃuː] 1. n( problem) sprawa f, kwestia f; ( of magazine) ( edition) wydanie nt; ( number) numer m; (old) ( offspring) potomstwo nt2. vt 3. vito issue from — wypływać z +gen
the point at issue is … — chodzi o +acc
to confuse/cloud the issue — zaciemniać (zaciemnić perf) sprawę
to issue sth to sb, issue sb with sth — wydawać (wydać perf) coś komuś
to take issue with sb (over) — nie zgadzać się (nie zgodzić się perf) z kimś (w kwestii +gen)
to make an issue of sth — robić (zrobić perf) z czegoś (wielką) sprawę
* * *['iʃu:] 1. verb1) (to give or send out, or to distribute, especially officially: The police issued a description of the criminal; Rifles were issued to the troops.) wydać2) (to flow or come out (from something): A strange noise issued from the room.) wydostać się na zewnątrz2. noun1) (the act of issuing or process of being issued: Stamp collectors like to buy new stamps on the day of issue.) emisja2) (one number in the series of a newspaper, magazine etc: Have you seen the latest issue of that magazine?) numer3) (a subject for discussion and argument: The question of pay is not an important issue at the moment.) temat -
4 which
[wɪtʃ] 1. adj1) który2)the train may be late, in which case don't wait up — pociąg może się spóźnić. W takim wypadku nie czekaj na mnie
2. pronwe got there at 8 pm, by which time the cinema was full — dotarliśmy tam o ósmej. Do tego czasu kino było już pełne
1) ( interrogative) który2) ( relative) ( referring to preceding noun) który; ( referring to preceding clause) cothe chair on which you are sitting — krzesło, na którym siedzisz
she said I was late, which was true — powiedziała, że się spóźniłem, co było prawdą
* * *[wi ] 1. adjective, pronoun(used in questions etc when asking someone to point out, state etc one or more persons, things etc from a particular known group: Which (colour) do you like best?; Which route will you travel by?; At which station should I change trains?; Which of the two girls do you like better?; Tell me which books you would like; Let me know which train you'll be arriving on; I can't decide which to choose.) który2. relative pronoun((used to refer to a thing or things mentioned previously to distinguish it or them from others: able to be replaced by that except after a preposition: able to be omitted except after a preposition or when the subject of a clause) (the) one(s) that: This is the book which/that was on the table; This is the book (which/that) you wanted; A scalpel is a type of knife which/that is used by surgeons; The chair (which/that) you are sitting on is broken; The documents for which they were searching have been recovered.) który3. relative adjective, relative pronoun(used, after a comma, to introduce a further comment on something: My new car, which I paid several thousand pounds for, is not running well; He said he could speak Russian, which was untrue; My father may have to go into hospital, in which case he won't be going on holiday.) który, co- which is which? - which is which -
5 stray
[streɪ] 1. adj 2. vi* * *[strei] 1. verb(to wander, especially from the right path, place etc: The shepherd went to search for some sheep that had strayed; to stray from the point.) błądzić2. noun(a cat, dog etc that has strayed and has no home.) przybłęda3. adjective1) (wandering or lost: stray cats and dogs.) bezdomny2) (occasional, or not part of a general group or tendency: The sky was clear except for one or two stray clouds.) przypadkowy -
6 freeze
[friːz] 1. pt froze, pp frozen, viweather mrozić (przymrozić perf); liquid, pipe zamarzać (zamarznąć perf); person ( with cold) marznąć (zmarznąć perf); ( from fear) zastygać (zastygnąć perf) (w bezruchu)Phrasal Verbs:2. vt 3. n( cold weather) przymrozek m; (on arms, wages) zamrożenie nt* * *[fri:z] 1. past tense - froze; verb1) (to make into or become ice: It's so cold that the river has frozen over.) zamarzać, zamrażać2) ((of weather) to be at or below freezing-point: If it freezes again tonight all my plants will die.) być/spaść poniżej zera3) (to make or be very cold: If you had stayed out all night in the snow you might have frozen to death (= died of exposure to cold).) zamrozić, zamarzać4) (to make (food) very cold in order to preserve it: You can freeze the rest of that food and eat it later.) zamrażać5) (to make or become stiff, still or unable to move (with fear etc): She froze when she heard the strange noise.) zamierać6) (to fix prices, wages etc at a certain level: If the situation does not improve, wages will be frozen again.) zamrozić2. noun(a period of very cold weather when temperatures are below freezing-point: How long do you think the freeze will last?) mróz- freezer- freezing
- frozen
- freezing-point
- freeze up -
7 strong
[strɔŋ] 1. adjsilny, mocny; material, drink, point, language mocny2. adv* * *[stroŋ]1) (firm, sound, or powerful, and therefore not easily broken, destroyed, attacked, defeated, resisted, or affected by weariness, illness etc: strong furniture; a strong castle; a strong wind; She's a strong swimmer; He has a very strong will/personality; He has never been very strong (= healthy); He is not strong enough to lift that heavy table.) silny, mocny2) (very noticeable; very intense: a strong colour; a strong smell.) mocny, wyraźny, silny3) (containing a large amount of the flavouring ingredient: strong tea.) mocny4) ((of a group, force etc) numbering a particular amount: An army 20,000 strong was advancing towards the town.) w sile/liczbie•- strongly- strength
- strengthen
- strongbox
- strong drink
- stronghold
- strong language
- strong-minded
- strong point
- strongroom
- on the strength of -
8 scratch
[skrætʃ] 1. n(on furniture, record) rysa f; ( on body) zadrapanie nt, zadraśnięcie nt2. vtbody drapać (podrapać perf); paint, car, record porysować ( perf); (with claw, nail) zadrapać ( perf), zadrasnąć ( perf); ( COMPUT) wymazywać (wymazać perf) ( z dysku)3. vi 4. cpdto scratch one's nose/head — drapać się (podrapać się perf) w nos/głowę
to start from scratch — zaczynać (zacząć perf) od zera
* * *[skræ ] 1. verb1) (to mark or hurt by drawing a sharp point across: The cat scratched my hand; How did you scratch your leg?; I scratched myself on a rose bush.) (po)drapać się, zadrasnąć (się)2) (to rub to relieve itching: You should try not to scratch insect bites.) drapać3) (to make by scratching: He scratched his name on the rock with a sharp stone.) wydrapać, wyryć4) (to remove by scratching: She threatened to scratch his eyes out.) wydrapać5) (to withdraw from a game, race etc: That horse has been scratched.) wycofać2. noun1) (a mark, injury or sound made by scratching: covered in scratches; a scratch at the door.) skrobanie2) (a slight wound: I hurt myself, but it's only a scratch.) zadraśnięcie3) (in certain races or competitions, the starting point for people with no handicap or advantage.) start bez handicapu•- scratchy- scratchiness
- scratch the surface
- start from scratch
- up to scratch -
9 start
( MIL) n abbr= Strategic Arms Reduction Talks rokowania pl START* * *I 1. verb1) (to leave or begin a journey: We shall have to start at 5.30 a.m. in order to get to the boat in time.) wyruszać2) (to begin: He starts working at six o'clock every morning; She started to cry; She starts her new job next week; Haven't you started (on) your meal yet?; What time does the play start?) zaczynać3) (to (cause an engine etc to) begin to work: I can't start the car; The car won't start; The clock stopped but I started it again.) uruchomić, zacząć działać4) (to cause something to begin or begin happening etc: One of the students decided to start a college magazine.) założyć2. noun1) (the beginning of an activity, journey, race etc: I told him at the start that his idea would not succeed; The runners lined up at the start; He stayed in the lead after a good start; I shall have to make a start on that work.) początek, start2) (in a race etc, the advantage of beginning before or further forward than others, or the amount of time, distance etc gained through this: The youngest child in the race got a start of five metres; The driver of the stolen car already had twenty minutes' start before the police began the pursuit.) przewaga•- starter- starting-point
- for a start
- get off to a good
- bad start
- start off
- start out
- start up
- to start with II 1. verb(to jump or jerk suddenly because of fright, surprise etc: The sudden noise made me start.) wzdrygnąć się2. noun1) (a sudden movement of the body: He gave a start of surprise.) zryw, drgnięcie2) (a shock: What a start the news gave me!) zaskoczenie -
10 control
[kən'trəul] 1. vtcountry sprawować władzę w +loc; organization sprawować kontrolę nad +instr, kierować +instr; machinery, process sterować +instr; wages, prices kontrolować; one's emotions panować nad +instr; fire, disease opanowywać (opanować perf)2. n( of country) władza f; (of organization, stocks) kontrola f; (also: control group) grupa f kontrolnato take control of — przejmować (przejąć perf) kontrolę nad +instr
to be in control of — panować nad +instr
to get out of control — wymykać się (wymknąć się perf) spod kontroli
- controls* * *[kən'trəul] 1. noun1) (the right of directing or of giving orders; power or authority: She has control over all the decisions in that department; She has no control over that dog.) władza2) (the act of holding back or restraining: control of prices; I know you're angry but you must not lose control (of yourself).) opanowanie3) ((often in plural) a lever, button etc which operates (a machine etc): The clutch and accelerator are foot controls in a car.) dźwignia, pokrętło itp.4) (a point or place at which an inspection takes place: passport control.) punkt kontroli2. verb1) (to direct or guide; to have power or authority over: The captain controls the whole ship; Control your dog!) kierować, nadzorować2) (to hold back; to restrain (oneself or one's emotions etc): Control yourself!) panować nad sobą3) (to keep to a fixed standard: The government is controlling prices.) sterować, regulować•- control-tower
- in control of
- in control
- out of control
- under control -
11 order
['ɔːdə(r)] 1. n( command) rozkaz m; (from shop, company, in restaurant) zamówienie nt; (sequence, organization, discipline) porządek m; ( REL) zakon m2. vt( command) nakazywać (nakazać perf), rozkazywać (rozkazać perf); (from shop, company, in restaurant) zamawiać (zamówić perf); (also: put in order) porządkować (uporządkować perf)in order to/that — żeby +infin
out of order — ( not working) niesprawny; ( in wrong sequence) nie po kolei; resolution, behaviour niezgodny z przepisami
to order sb to do sth — kazać (kazać perf) komuś coś zrobić
to place an order for sth with sb — składać (złożyć perf) u kogoś zamówienie na coś
of/in the order of — rzędu +gen
Phrasal Verbs:* * *['o:də] 1. noun1) (a statement (by a person in authority) of what someone must do; a command: He gave me my orders.) rozkaz, polecenie2) (an instruction to supply something: orders from Germany for special gates.) zamówienie3) (something supplied: Your order is nearly ready.) zamówienie4) (a tidy state: The house is in (good) order.) porządek5) (a system or method: I must have order in my life.) ład6) (an arrangement (of people, things etc) in space, time etc: in alphabetical order; in order of importance.) kolejność7) (a peaceful condition: law and order.) porządek8) (a written instruction to pay money: a banker's order.) przekaz9) (a group, class, rank or position: This is a list of the various orders of plants; the social order.) rząd, porządek10) (a religious society, especially of monks: the Benedictine order.) zakon2. verb1) (to tell (someone) to do something (from a position of authority): He ordered me to stand up.) rozkazywać2) (to give an instruction to supply: I have ordered some new furniture from the shop; He ordered a steak.) zamawiać3) (to put in order: Should we order these alphabetically?) uporządkować•- orderly3. noun1) (a hospital attendant who does routine jobs.) sanitariusz2) (a soldier who carries an officer's orders and messages.) ordynans•- order-form
- in order
- in order that
- in order
- in order to
- made to order
- on order
- order about
- out of order
- a tall order -
12 power
['pauə(r)]n( control) władza f; ( ability) ( of speech etc) zdolność f; ( legal right) uprawnienie nt; (of engine, electricity) moc f; ( strength) ( lit, fig) siła fshe did everything in her power to help — zrobiła wszystko, co było w jej mocy, by pomóc
the powers that be — ci na górze (inf)
to turn the power on — włączać (włączyć perf) zasilanie
* * *1) ((an) ability: A witch has magic power; A cat has the power of seeing in the dark; He no longer has the power to walk.) zdolność2) (strength, force or energy: muscle power; water-power; ( also adjective) a power tool (=a tool operated by electricity etc. not by hand).) siła3) (authority or control: political groups fighting for power; How much power does the Queen have?; I have him in my power at last) władza4) (a right belonging to eg a person in authority: The police have the power of arrest.) upoważnienie5) (a person with great authority or influence: He is quite a power in the town.) wpływowa osobistość6) (a strong and influential country: the Western powers.) mocarstwo7) (the result obtained by multiplying a number by itself a given number of times: 2 × 2 × 2 or 23 is the third power of 2, or 2 to the power of 3.) potęga•- powered- powerful
- powerfully
- powerfulness
- powerless
- powerlessness
- power cut
- failure
- power-driven
- power point
- power station
- be in power -
13 as far as
1) (to the place or point mentioned: We walked as far as the lake.) aż do2) ((also so far as) as great a distance as: He did not walk as far as his friends.) tak daleko, jak3) ((also so far as) to the extent that: As far as I know she is well.) o ile -
14 here
[hɪə(r)]adv"here!" — "obecny(-na)!" m(f)
here we are! — ( finding) o, tu(taj) (jest/są)!
"here's to …" — ( toast) "za +acc "
* * *[hiə] 1. adverb1) ((at, in or to) this place: He's here; Come here; He lives not far from here; Here they come; Here is / Here's your lost book.) tutaj2) (at this time; at this point in an argument: Here she stopped speaking to wipe her eyes; Here is where I disagree with you.) w tym punkcie/momencie3) (beside one: My colleague here will deal with the matter.) tutaj2. interjection1) (a shout of surprise, disapproval etc: Here! what do you think you're doing?) ej!2) (a shout used to show that one is present: Shout `Here!' when I call your name.) jestem!•- hereabouts- hereabout
- hereafter
- the hereafter
- hereby
- herein
- herewith
- here and there
- here goes
- here's to
- here
- there and everywhere
- here you are
- neither here nor there
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