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1 refine
1) (to make (a substance eg sugar) pure by taking out dirt, waste substances etc: Oil is refined before it is used.) čistit2) (to improve: We have refined our techniques considerably since the work began.) vylepšit•- refined- refinement
- refinery* * *• zjemnit• rafinovat• čistit -
2 unscrew
(to remove or loosen (something) by taking out screws, or with a twisting or screwing action: He unscrewed the cupboard door; Can you unscrew this lid?) odšroubovat* * *• odšroubovat -
3 subject
1. adjective((of countries etc) not independent, but dominated by another power: subject nations.) poddaný, závislý2. noun1) (a person who is under the rule of a monarch or a member of a country that has a monarchy etc: We are loyal subjects of the Queen; He is a British subject.) poddaný, -á2) (someone or something that is talked about, written about etc: We discussed the price of food and similar subjects; What was the subject of the debate?; The teacher tried to think of a good subject for their essay; I've said all I can on that subject.) téma3) (a branch of study or learning in school, university etc: He is taking exams in seven subjects; Mathematics is his best subject.) předmět4) (a thing, person or circumstance suitable for, or requiring, a particular kind of treatment, reaction etc: I don't think her behaviour is a subject for laughter.) důvod5) (in English, the word(s) representing the person or thing that usually does the action shown by the verb, and with which the verb agrees: The cat sat on the mat; He hit her because she broke his toy; He was hit by the ball.) podmět3. [səb'‹ekt] verb1) (to bring (a person, country etc) under control: They have subjected all the neighbouring states (to their rule).) podrobit si2) (to cause to suffer, or submit (to something): He was subjected to cruel treatment; These tyres are subjected to various tests before leaving the factory.) vystavit•- subjective
- subjectively
- subject matter
- change the subject
- subject to* * *• věc• podmět• předmět• téma• subjekt• osoba• jedinec• námět -
4 stock
[stok] 1. noun1) ((often in plural) a store of goods in a shop, warehouse etc: Buy while stocks last!; The tools you require are in / out of stock (= available / not available).) zásoba; sklad2) (a supply of something: We bought a large stock of food for the camping trip.) zásoba3) (farm animals: He would like to purchase more (live) stock.) dobytek4) ((often in plural) money lent to the government or to a business company at a fixed interest: government stock; He has $20,000 in stocks and shares.) státní dluhopis; akcie5) (liquid obtained by boiling meat, bones etc and used for making soup etc.) bujón6) (the handle of a whip, rifle etc.) rukojeť; násada2. adjective(common; usual: stock sizes of shoes.) běžný3. verb1) (to keep a supply of for sale: Does this shop stock writing-paper?) mít na skladě2) (to supply (a shop, farm etc) with goods, animals etc: He cannot afford to stock his farm.) vybavit (dobytkem)•- stockist- stocks
- stockbroker
- stock exchange
- stock market
- stockpile 4. verb(to accumulate (a supply of this sort).) udržovat zásobu- stock-taking
- stock up
- take stock* * *• zásoba• burza• akcie -
5 abuse
1. [ə'bju:z] verb1) (to use wrongly, usually with harmful results: She abused her privileges by taking too long a holiday.) zneužít2) (to insult or speak roughly to: She abused the servants.) urážet, nadávat2. [ə'bju:s] noun1) (insulting language: He shouted abuse at her.) urážka, nadávka2) (the wrong use of something: This toy has been subjected to a lot of abuse.) špatné zacházení•- abusive- abusively
- abusiveness* * *• zneužití• zneužívat• nadávat• nadávky -
6 by
1. preposition1) (next to; near; at the side of: by the door; He sat by his sister.) vedle, u2) (past: going by the house.) podél3) (through; along; across: We came by the main road.) po, přes4) (used (in the passive voice) to show the person or thing which performs an action: struck by a stone.) s (čím), pomocí5) (using: He's going to contact us by letter; We travelled by train.) s (čím)6) (from; through the means of: I met her by chance; by post.) díky (čemu); (čím)7) ((of time) not later than: by 6 o'clock.) do8) (during the time of.) během9) (to the extent of: taller by ten centimetres.) o10) (used to give measurements etc: 4 metres by 2 metres.) na, krát11) (in quantities of: fruit sold by the kilo.) po, na12) (in respect of: a teacher by profession.) z2. adverb1) (near: They stood by and watched.) blízko, poblíž2) (past: A dog ran by.) okolo, tudy3) (aside; away: money put by for an emergency.) stranou•- bypass 3. verb(to avoid (a place) by taking such a road.) objet- bystander
- by and by
- by and large
- by oneself
- by the way* * *• za• prostřednictvím• ode• od• okolo• kolem• o -
7 collective
[-tiv]1) (of a number of people etc combined into one group: This success was the result of a collective effort.) kolektivní2) (of a noun, taking a singular verb but standing for many things taken as a whole: `Cattle' is a collective noun.) hromadný* * *• sdílený• společný• kolektivní• kolektiv -
8 display
[di'splei] 1. verb1) (to set out for show: The china was displayed in a special cabinet.) vystavit2) (to show: She displayed a talent for mimicry.) ukázat, prokázat2. noun1) ((an) act of showing or making clear: a display of military strength.) ukázka, předvedení2) (an entertainment etc intended to show the ability etc of those taking part: a dancing display.) předvedení3) (something which shows or sets out something else: an advertising display.) výstava, předvedení4) (the part of a video recorder, calculator, digital watch etc that shows numbers, the date, time, or other information.) displej* * *• vykládat• vyložit• zobrazovat• projev• projevovat• projevit• display -
9 exchange
[iks' ein‹] 1. verb1) (to give, or give up, in return for something else: Can you exchange a dollar note for two 50-cent pieces?) směnit2) (to give and receive in return: They exchanged amused glances.) vyměnit si2. noun1) (the giving and taking of one thing for another: He gave me a pencil in exchange for the marble; An exchange of opinions is helpful.) výměna2) (a conversation or dispute: An angry exchange took place between the two brothers when their father's will was read.) výměna názorů3) (the act of exchanging the money of one country for that of another.) směna4) (the difference between the value of money in different countries: What is the rate of exchange between the U.S. dollar and the yen?) kurs5) (a place where business shares are bought and sold or international financial dealings carried on.) burza6) ((also telephone exchange) a central telephone system where lines are connected.) centrála•* * *• výměna• vyměňovat• vyměnit si• vyměnit• zaměnit• směnit -
10 exclude
[ik'sklu:d]1) (to prevent (someone) from sharing or taking part in something: They excluded her from the meeting.) vyloučit2) (to shut out; to keep out: Fill the bottle to the top so as to exclude all air.) vytlačit3) (to leave out of consideration: We cannot exclude the possibility that he was lying.) vyloučit•- excluding* * *• vyloučit -
11 filter
['filtə] 1. noun1) (a strainer or other device through which liquid, gas, smoke etc can pass, but not solid material: A filter is used to make sure that the oil is clean and does not contain any dirt; ( also adjective) filter paper.) filtr; filtrový2) (a kind of screening plate used to change or correct certain colours: If you are taking photographs in sun and snow, you should use a blue filter.) filtr2. verb1) ((of liquids) to (become) clean by passing through a filter: The rain-water filtered into a tank.) (pře)filtrovat2) (to come bit by bit or gradually: The news filtered out.) pronikat, prosakovat•* * *• filtrovat• filtr -
12 focus
['foukəs] 1. plurals - focuses, foci; noun1) (the point at which rays of light meet after passing through a lens.) ohnisko2) (a point to which light, a look, attention etc is directed: She was the focus of everyone's attention.) střed2. verb1) (to adjust (a camera, binoculars etc) in order to get a clear picture: Remember to focus the camera / the picture before taking the photograph.) zaostřit2) (to direct (attention etc) to one point: The accident focussed public attention on the danger.) soustředit•- focal- in
- out of focus* * *• zaostřit• ohnisko -
13 hobble
['hobl](to walk with difficulty, usually taking short steps (eg because one is lame or because one's feet are sore): The old lady hobbled along with a stick.) kulhat* * *• šourat se• pajdat• kulhat• kulhání• belhat se -
14 leave
I [li:v] past tense, past participle - left; verb1) (to go away or depart from, often without intending to return: He left the room for a moment; They left at about six o'clock; I have left that job.) odejít; opustit2) (to go without taking: She left her gloves in the car; He left his children behind when he went to France.) nechat3) (to allow to remain in a particular state or condition: She left the job half-finished.) (za)nechat4) (to let (a person or a thing) do something without being helped or attended to: I'll leave the meat to cook for a while.) nechat5) (to allow to remain for someone to do, make etc: Leave that job to the experts!) nechat6) (to make a gift of in one's will: She left all her property to her son.) odkázat•- leave out
- left over II [li:v] noun1) (permission to do something, eg to be absent: Have I your leave to go?) dovolení2) ((especially of soldiers, sailors etc) a holiday: He is home on leave at the moment.) dovolená•- take one's leave of- take one's leave* * *• vynechat• volno• odcházet• opustit• odjet• opouštět• odjíždět• odejít• leave/left/left• nechávat• nechat• dovolená -
15 poison
['poizn] 1. noun(any substance which causes death or illness when taken into the body: She killed herself by taking poison; ( also adjective) poison gas.) jed(ovatý)2. verb1) (to kill or harm with poison: He poisoned his wife.) otrávit2) (to put poison into (food etc): He poisoned her coffee.) otrávit•- poisoner- poisonous
- poisonously
- poison-pen letter* * *• otrávit• jed -
16 reassemble
[ri:ə'sembl]1) (to put (things) together after taking them apart: The mechanic took the engine to pieces, then reassembled it.) znovu složit2) (to come together again: The tourists went off sight-seeing, then reassembled for their evening meal.) znovu se sejít* * *• opětovně složit -
17 reassure
[riə'ʃuə](to take away the doubts or fears of: The woman was worried about the dangers of taking aspirins, but her doctor reassured her.) uklidnit- reassuring
- reassuringly* * *• uklidnit -
18 resist
[rə'zist]1) (to fight against, usually successfully: The soldiers resisted the enemy attack; He tried to resist arrest; It's hard to resist temptation.) odolat, vzdorovat2) (to be able to stop oneself doing, taking etc (something): I couldn't resist kicking him when he bent down; I just can't resist strawberries.) odolat3) (to be unaffected or undamaged by: a metal that resists rust/acids.) být odolný (vůči)•- resistant* * *• vzepřít se• odolat• bránit se -
19 sight
1. noun1) (the act or power of seeing: The blind man had lost his sight in the war.) zrak2) (the area within which things can be seen by someone: The boat was within sight of land; The end of our troubles is in sight.) dohled3) (something worth seeing: She took her visitors to see the sights of London.) pozoruhodnost4) (a view or glimpse.) pohled5) (something seen that is unusual, ridiculous, shocking etc: She's quite a sight in that hat.) podívaná6) ((on a gun etc) an apparatus to guide the eye in taking aim: Where is the sight on a rifle?) muška2. verb1) (to get a view of; to see suddenly: We sighted the coast as dawn broke.) spatřit2) (to look at (something) through the sight of a gun: He sighted his prey and pulled the trigger.) namířit•- sight-seer
- catch sight of
- lose sight of* * *• zrak• památka• pamětihodnost -
20 slide
1. past tense, past participle - slid; verb1) (to (cause to) move or pass along smoothly: He slid the drawer open; Children must not slide in the school corridors.) klouzat (se); (vy)sunout2) (to move quietly or secretly: I slid hurriedly past the window; He slid the book quickly out of sight under his pillow.) (v)sunout, plížit se2. noun1) (an act of sliding.) skluz, smyk2) (a slippery track, or apparatus with a smooth sloping surface, on which people or things can slide: The children were taking turns on the slide in the playground.) klouzačka3) (a small transparent photograph for projecting on to a screen etc: The lecture was illustrated with slides.) diapozitiv4) (a glass plate on which objects are placed to be examined under a microscope.) sklíčko5) ((also hair-slide) a (decorative) hinged fastening for the hair.) spona do vlasů•- sliding door* * *• sklouznout• skluz• skluzavka• slide/slid/slid• klouzat se• klouzat• klouznout• kluznice• diapozitiv
- 1
- 2
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