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1 literally
literally [ˈlɪtərəlɪ]• to take sb/sth literally prendre qn/qch au pied de la lettre━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━✎ The French word littéralement has a double t but only one l.* * *['lɪtərəlɪ]1) [mean] littéralement; [translate] mot à mot2) ( without exaggeration) bel et bien -
2 Illnesses, aches and pains
Where does it hurt?where does it hurt?= où est-ce que ça vous fait mal? or (more formally) où avez-vous mal?his leg hurts= sa jambe lui fait malhe has a pain in his leg= il a mal à la jambeNote that with avoir mal à French uses the definite article (la) with the part of the body, where English has a possessive (his), hence:his head was aching= il avait mal à la têteEnglish has other ways of expressing this idea, but avoir mal à fits them too:he had toothache= il avait mal aux dentshis ears hurt= il avait mal aux oreillesAccidentsshe broke her leg= elle s’est cassé la jambeElle s’est cassé la jambe means literally she broke to herself the leg ; because the se is an indirect object, the past participle cassé does not agree. This is true of all such constructions:she sprained her ankle= elle s’est foulé la chevillethey burned their hands= ils se sont brûlé les mainsChronic conditionsNote that the French often use fragile (weak) to express a chronic condition:he has a weak heart= il a le cœur fragilehe has kidney trouble= il a les reins fragileshe has a bad back= il a le dos fragileBeing illMostly French uses the definite article with the name of an illness:to have flu= avoir la grippeto have measles= avoir la rougeoleto have malaria= avoir la malariaThis applies to most infectious diseases, including childhood illnesses. However, note the exceptions ending in -ite (e.g. une hépatite, une méningite) below.When the illness affects a specific part of the body, French uses the indefinite article:to have cancer= avoir un cancerto have cancer of the liver= avoir un cancer du foieto have pneumonia= avoir une pneumonieto have cirrhosis= avoir une cirrhoseto have a stomach ulcer= avoir un ulcère à l’estomacMost words in -ite ( English -itis) work like this:to have bronchitis= avoir une bronchiteto have hepatitis= avoir une hépatiteWhen the illness is a generalized condition, French tends to use du, de l’, de la or des:to have rheumatism= avoir des rhumatismesto have emphysema= avoir de l’emphysèmeto have asthma= avoir de l’asthmeto have arthritis= avoir de l’arthriteOne exception here is:to have hay fever= avoir le rhume des foinsWhen there is an adjective for such conditions, this is often preferred in French:to have asthma= être asthmatiqueto have epilepsy= être épileptiqueSuch adjectives can be used as nouns to denote the person with the illness, e.g. un/une asthmatique and un/une épileptique etc.French has other specific words for people with certain illnesses:someone with cancer= un cancéreux/une cancéreuseIf in doubt check in the dictionary.English with is translated by qui a or qui ont, and this is always safe:someone with malaria= quelqu’un qui a la malariapeople with Aids= les gens qui ont le SidaFalling illThe above guidelines about the use of the definite and indefinite articles in French hold good for talking about the onset of illnesses.French has no general equivalent of to get. However, where English can use catch, French can use attraper:to catch mumps= attraper les oreillonsto catch malaria= attraper la malariato catch bronchitis= attraper une bronchiteto catch a cold= attraper un rhumeSimilarly where English uses contract, French uses contracter:to contract Aids= contracter le Sidato contract pneumonia= contracter une pneumonieto contract hepatitis= contracter une hépatiteFor attacks of chronic illnesses, French uses faire une crise de:to have a bout of malaria= faire une crise de malariato have an asthma attack= faire une crise d’asthmeto have an epileptic fit= faire une crise d’épilepsieTreatmentto be treated for polio= se faire soigner contre la polioto take something for hay fever= prendre quelque chose contre le rhume des foinshe’s taking something for his cough= il prend quelque chose contre la touxto prescribe something for a cough= prescrire un médicament contre la touxmalaria tablets= des cachets contre la malariato have a cholera vaccination= se faire vacciner contre le cholérato be vaccinated against smallpox= se faire vacciner contre la varioleto be immunized against smallpox= se faire immuniser contre la varioleto have a tetanus injection= se faire vacciner contre le tétanosto give sb a tetanus injection= vacciner qn contre le tétanosto be operated on for cancer= être opéré d’un cancerto operate on sb for appendicitis= opérer qn de l’appendicite
См. также в других словарях:
literally — [[t]lɪ̱tərəli[/t]] 1) ADV: ADV with cl/group (not last in cl), ADV before v (emphasis) You can use literally to emphasize an exaggeration. Some careful speakers of English think that this use is incorrect. We ve got to get the economy under… … English dictionary
take — take1 [ teık ] (past tense took [ tuk ] ; past participle tak|en [ teıkən ] ) verb *** ▸ 1 move something/someone ▸ 2 cause someone/something to move ▸ 3 perform action ▸ 4 need something ▸ 5 accept ▸ 6 win prize/election ▸ 7 reach out and get ▸… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
take — I UK [teɪk] / US verb Word forms take : present tense I/you/we/they take he/she/it takes present participle taking past tense took UK [tʊk] / US past participle taken UK [ˈteɪkən] / US *** 1) [transitive] to move something or someone from one… … English dictionary
literally — lit|er|al|ly [ lıt(ə)rəli ] adverb ** 1. ) used for showing that what you are saying is really true and not just an impressive way of describing something: Now there are literally thousands of companies using our software. a ) used when you are… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
literally */*/ — UK [ˈlɪt(ə)rəlɪ] / US adverb 1) a) used for showing that what you are saying is really true and is not just an impressive way of describing something Now there are literally thousands of companies using our software. b) used when you are… … English dictionary
take someone at their word — phrase to do something as a result of what someone has said, even though they may not have meant exactly what they said He said he didn’t mind what we did, and we took him at his word. Thesaurus: to believe or accept that something is true or… … Useful english dictionary
Take Me Out (song) — Infobox Single Name = Take Me Out Artist = Franz Ferdinand from Album = Franz Ferdinand Released = January 12, 2004 Format = 7 vinyl, 12 vinyl, CD, DVD Recorded = 2003 Genre = Indie rock, Disco Punk [ [http://www.pitchforkmedia.com/article/track… … Wikipedia
literally — lit|e|ral|ly S2 [ˈlıtərəli] adv 1.) according to the most basic or original meaning of a word or expression ▪ The name of the cheese is Dolcelatte, literally meaning sweet milk . ▪ I said I felt like quitting, but I didn t mean it literally (=I… … Dictionary of contemporary English
take care — 1. verb a) To be cautious, careful or prudent. b) To mind, or be in charge of something. 2. interjection good bye (literal … Wiktionary
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To take upon — Upon Up*on , prep.[AS. uppan, uppon; upp up + on, an, on. See {Up}, and {On}.] On; used in all the senses of that word, with which it is interchangeable. Upon an hill of flowers. Chaucer. [1913 Webster] Our host upon his stirrups stood anon.… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English