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1 SHARP
maica (piercing), aica (fell, terrible, dire; this gloss "sharp" is isolated from one translation of Aicanáro:) SHARP-FLAME Aicanáro "Fell Fire, Aegnor" (so in Silm:435; MR:323 has Aicanár) In the printed Etymologies, a word for "keen, sharp, acute" is given as "laike" in the entry LAIK, but not only is this a misreading for "laika" (VT45:25): the conceptual validity of this word may be questioned because laika, laica is the word for "green" in later sources. –Silm:434, AYAK, MR:323, LAIK -
2 SHARP-PROWED SHIP
cirya (see SHIP) –Silm:433 (where the spelling círya occurs, but all other sources have cirya with a short i, so círya is likely an error by Christopher Tolkien). -
3 PIERCING
maica (sharp), terevë (fine, acute), laica (keen, sharp, acute). (The printed Etymologies has a final –e instead of –a, but according to VT45:25 this is a misreading. A word laike = laicë does appear in the source, but this is the noun corresponding to laica: "acuteness, keenness of perception". The conceptual validity of both laica and laicë with these meanings may however be questioned, since laica is the adjective "green" in later sources: laicë would then be expected to mean *"greenness".) FINE PIERCED HOLE terra –Silm:434, LT1:255, LT2:337, LAIK, VT46:18 -
4 ACUTE
tereva (fine, piercing); ACUTE, ACUTENESS laicë (In the printed Etymologies, a similar word is also the adjective "keen, sharp, acute", but according to VT45:25, this is a misreading; the final vowel of the adjective should be -a, not -ë. However, the conceptual validity of the adjective laica, and therefore also the corresponding noun laicë, is questionable; see PIERCING.) –TER, LAIK -
5 AEGNOR
Aicanáro (so in Silm:435 and PM:345; MR:323 has Aicanár) (Sharp Flame, Fell Fire) -
6 BROAD
– LT2:338 gives a word aica "broad, vast", but this is probably obsoleted by aica "sharp, fell, terrible, dire" in later writings. -
7 CAPE
mundo (nose, snout), stem *mundu- given the primitive form mbundu. (Note: mundo also means "ox", and as such the word may not have a distinct stem-form.) CAPE (OF LAND) nortil (stem *nortill-), said to be "only used of the ends of promontories or other seaward projections that were relatively sharp and spike-like". –MBUD, VT47:28 -
8 DIRE
aica (fell, terrible, sharp) –PM:347 -
9 EYE
hen (hend-) (normal pl. hendi as well as the dual form \#hendu are attested [isolated from hendumaica, WJ:337]; \#hendu would be used of a natural pair of eyes). SHARP-EYE hendumaica, EYES OF HEARTSEASE (a name of the pansy) Helinyetillë –KHEN-D-E, WJ:337, LT1:262 -
10 FELL
(adj) aica (sharp, terrible, dire). –PM:347 (noun) helma (skin) –SKEL -
11 FIRE
ruinë (“a [concrete] fire, a blaze”), also úr (the stem from which this word is derived was struck out in Etym. However, several words that must be derived from this stem occur in LotR, indicating that Tolkien restored it). A more general word for "fire" (as an element, PE17:183) is nár, nárë, which appear (with the masculine ending -o) in the following names:) SPIRIT OF FIRE Fëanáro (Fëanor), FELL FIRE Aicanáro (Sharp Flame, Aegnor) (so in Silm:435; MR:323 has Aicanár). LT1:265 has sá "fire", poetic form sai, also sairin "fiery"; cf. also Sáya "the fire-fay" in GL:66. LT:271 has the following "fire"-words: FIRE uru, FIERY uruvoitë, ON FIRE urwa, LIKE FIRE urúva. Cf. also FIREWOOD turu (but the word was also used of wood in general). BOWL OF FIRE tanyasalpë (evindently \#tanya "fire" + \#salpë "bowl") –PE17:183, UR/VT46:20, Silm:397, MR:217, LT1:265, 270, 271, 292 -
12 FLAME
nár, nárë (also translated "fire"), velca; SHARP-FLAME Aicanáro (so in Silm:435; MR:323 has Aicanár), (Aegnor, Fell Fire), RED FLAME rúnya; HEART OF FLAME Naira (a name of the Sun), FLAME-COLOURED culina, culda (golden-red) –NAR1, LT1:260, Silm:437, MR:198, KUL -
13 KEEN
laica (the printed Etymologies has a final –e instead of –a, but this is a misreading; see VT45:25) (sharp, acute, *piercing); KEENNESS (of perception) laicë (acuteness). The conceptual validity of these words is questionable; see PIERCING. –LAIK -
14 PAIN
(vb) nwalya- (torment). (Though spelt this way also in Etym, nwalya- must be from older *ngwalya, for the stem is ÑGWAL. In Tengwar spelling, the letter nwalmë (< older ngwalmë) should be used to transcribe the initial nw of nwalya.) PAIN, HURT (vb.) mala-. PAIN (noun) nwalma, naicelë, naicë (= sharp pain); PAINFUL naicelëa –ÑGWAL, VT46:4, QL:63, NÁYAK -
15 SHIP
cirya (defined as "sharp-prowed ship" in Silm:433; dual ciriat [read *ciryat?] is attested in Letters:427; all numbers and cases except plural possessive *ciryaiva are attested in the Plotz letter. In Silm:433, the spelling círya occurs, but all other sources have cirya with a short i, so círya is likely an error by Christopher Tolkien); luntë (boat); SHIPMAN ciryaquen (sailor) –KIR, LT1:249/LUT, WJ:318 -
16 TERRIBLE
rúcima, aica (fell, dire, sharp); VERY TERRIBLE CREATURE rauco –WJ:415, PM:347, VT39:10 -
17 VAST
– LT2 gives aica "broad, vast", but aica is said to mean "sharp" in later writings. –LT2:338
См. также в других словарях:
Sharp — Sharp, a. [Compar. {Sharper}; superl. {Sharpest}.] [OE. sharp, scharp, scarp, AS. scearp; akin to OS. skarp, LG. scharp, D. scherp, G. scharf, Dan. & Sw. skarp, Icel. skarpr. Cf. {Escarp}, {Scrape}, {Scorpion}.] 1. Having a very thin edge or fine … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
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sharp — [ʆɑːp ǁ ʆɑːrp] adjective a sharp increase, fall etc is very sudden and very big: • a sharp rise in interest rates • Unemployment generally brings a sharp fall in income. • The group reported a sharp decline in full year profits. sharply adverb … Financial and business terms
sharp — [shärp] adj. [ME < OE scearp, akin to Ger scharf, ON skarpr < IE * (s)kerb(h) < base * (s)ker , to cut > SHEAR, HARVEST, L caro, flesh] 1. suitable for use in cutting or piercing; having a very thin edge or fine point; keen 2. having… … English World dictionary
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sharp — [adj1] knifelike, cutting aciculate, acuate, acuminate, acuminous, acute, apical, barbed, briery, cuspate, cuspidate, edged, fine, ground fine, honed, horned, jagged, keen, keen edged, knife edged, needlelike, needle pointed, peaked, pointed,… … New thesaurus
sharp — sharp; sharp·en; sharp·en·er; sharp·er; sharp·ie; sharp·ish; sharp·ite; sharp·ly; sharp·ness; sharp·ster; un·sharp; … English syllables
Sharp — Sharp, adv. 1. To a point or edge; piercingly; eagerly; sharply. M. Arnold. [1913 Webster] The head [of a spear] full sharp yground. Chaucer. [1913 Webster] You bite so sharp at reasons. Shak. [1913 Webster] 2. Precisely; exactly; as, we shall… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
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