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1 rough out
vt* * *(to draw or explain roughly: I roughed out a diagram; He roughed out his plan.) naszkicować -
2 rough
[rʌf] 1. adjsurface szorstki, chropowaty; terrain nierówny, wyboisty; person, manner grubiański, obcesowy; town, area niespokojny; treatment brutalny; conditions, journey ciężki; sea wzburzony; sketch, plan schematyczny; estimate przybliżony2. n (GOLF) 3. vtto rough it — żyć w prymitywnych warunkach, obywać się bez wygód
to play rough ( fig) — grać (zagrać perf) brutalnie
can you give me a rough idea of the cost? — czy może mi Pan/Pani podać orientacyjny koszt?
Phrasal Verbs:* * *1. adjective1) (not smooth: Her skin felt rough.) szorstki2) (uneven: a rough path.) wyboisty3) (harsh; unpleasant: a rough voice; She's had a rough time since her husband died.) szorstki, ciężki4) (noisy and violent: rough behaviour.) grubiański5) (stormy: The sea was rough; rough weather.) burzliwy6) (not complete or exact; approximate: a rough drawing; a rough idea/estimate.) przybliżony2. noun1) (a violent bully: a gang of roughs.) chuligan2) (uneven or uncultivated ground on a golf course: I lost my ball in the rough.) dzika część pola golfowego•- roughly- roughness
- roughage
- roughen
- rough diamond
- rough-and-ready
- rough-and-tumble
- rough it
- rough out -
3 growl
-
4 sketch
[skɛtʃ] 1. n(drawing, outline) szkic m; ( THEAT, TV) skecz m2. vtszkicować (naszkicować perf); (also: sketch out) nakreślać (nakreślić perf), zarysowywać (zarysować perf)* * *[ske ] 1. noun1) (a rough plan, drawing or painting: He made several sketches before starting the portrait.) szkic2) (a short (written or spoken) account without many details: The book began with a sketch of the author's life.) ogólny zarys3) (a short play, dramatic scene etc: a comic sketch.) skecz2. verb1) (to draw, describe, or plan without completing the details.) szkicować2) (to make rough drawings, paintings etc: She sketches as a hobby.) szkicować, rysować•- sketchy- sketchily
- sketchiness
- sketch-book -
5 tough
[tʌf]adjmaterial, meat, policy twardy; shoes, rope mocny; person, animal wytrzymały; choice, task trudny, ciężki; neighbourhood niebezpieczny* * *1. adjective1) (strong; not easily broken, worn out etc: Plastic is a tough material.) twardy2) ((of food etc) difficult to chew.) twardy3) ((of people) strong; able to bear hardship, illness etc: She must be tough to have survived such a serious illness.) uparty4) (rough and violent: It's a tough neighbourhood.) niebezpieczny5) (difficult to deal with or overcome: a tough problem; The competition was really tough.) trudny2. noun(a rough, violent person; a bully.) chuligan- toughen
- tough luck
- get tough with someone
- get tough with -
6 smooth
[smuːð] 1. adjgładki; flavour, landing, take-off łagodny; movement płynny; flight spokojny; ( pej) person ugrzeczniony2. vtPhrasal Verbs:* * *[smu:ð] 1. adjective1) (having an even surface; not rough: Her skin is as smooth as satin.) gładki2) (without lumps: Mix the ingredients to a smooth paste.) jednolity3) ((of movement) without breaks, stops or jolts: Did you have a smooth flight from New York?) spokojny, gładki4) (without problems or difficulties: a smooth journey; His progress towards promotion was smooth and rapid.) gładki5) ((too) agreeable and pleasant in manner etc: I don't trust those smooth salesmen.) gładki, ugrzeczniony2. verb1) ((often with down, out etc) to make (something) smooth or flat: She tried to smooth the creases out.) gładzić2) ((with into or over): to rub (a liquid substance etc) gently over (a surface): Smooth the moisturizing cream into/over your face and neck.) trzeć•- smoothen- smoothly
- smoothness -
7 turf
[təːf] 1. n 2. vtpokrywać (pokryć perf) darniąthe Turf — ( horse-racing) wyścigi konne
Phrasal Verbs:- turf out* * *[tə:f] 1. plural - turfs; noun1) (rough grass and the earth it grows out of: He walked across the springy turf.) darń2) ((a usually square piece of) grass and earth: We laid turf in our garden to make a lawn.) darń (w bryłach)2. verb1) (to cover with turf(s): We are going to turf that part of the garden.) wykładać darnią2) (to throw: We turfed him out of the house.) rzucić -
8 sea
[siː] 1. nmorze nt2. cpdbreeze, bird etc morskito look out to sea — spoglądać (spojrzeć perf) daleko w morze
heavy/rough sea(s) — wzburzone morze
* * *[si:] 1. noun1) ((often with the) the mass of salt water covering most of the Earth's surface: I enjoy swimming in the sea; over land and sea; The sea is very deep here; ( also adjective) A whale is a type of large sea animal.) morze2) (a particular area of sea: the Baltic Sea; These fish are found in tropical seas.) morze3) (a particular state of the sea: mountainous seas.) morze•- seawards- seaward
- seaboard
- sea breeze
- seafaring
- seafood 2. adjectiveseafood restaurants.)- seafront- sea-going
- seagull
- sea level
- sea-lion
- seaman
- seaport
- seashell
- seashore
- seasick
- seasickness
- seaside
- seaweed
- seaworthy
- seaworthiness
- at sea
- go to sea
- put to sea -
9 file
[faɪl] 1. n( dossier) akta pl, dossier nt inv; ( folder) kartoteka f, teczka f; ( for loose leaf) segregator m, skoroszyt m; ( COMPUT) plik m; ( tool) pilnik m2. vtdocument włączać (włączyć perf) do dokumentacji; lawsuit wnosić (wnieść perf); metal, fingernails piłować (spiłować perf)to file in — wchodzić (wejść perf) jeden za drugim or gęsiego
to file out — wychodzić (wyjść perf) jeden za drugim or gęsiego
to file past — przechodzić (przejść perf) obok jeden za drugim or gęsiego, przedefilować ( perf) obok
to file for divorce — wnosić (wnieść perf) sprawę o rozwód
* * *I 1. noun(a line of soldiers etc walking one behind the other.) szereg2. verb(to walk in a file: They filed across the road.) iść w szereguII 1. noun1) (a folder, loose-leaf book etc to hold papers.) skoroszyt2) (a collection of papers on a particular subject (kept in such a folder).) akta3) (in computing, a collection of data stored eg on a disc.) plik2. verb1) (to put (papers etc) in a file: He filed the letter under P.) chować do akt2) (to bring (a suit) before a law court: to file (a suit) for divorce.) wnieść (sprawę) do sądu•- filename- filing cabinet III 1. noun(a steel tool with a rough surface for smoothing or rubbing away wood, metal etc.) pilnik2. verb(to cut or smooth with a file: She filed her nails.) opiłować- filings -
10 hack
[hæk] 1. vt 2. n ( pej) 3. viPhrasal Verbs:* * *[hæk] 1. verb1) (to cut or chop up roughly: The butcher hacked the beef into large pieces.) rąbać, ciąć2) (to cut (a path etc) roughly: He hacked his way through the jungle; He hacked (out) a path through the jungle.) rąbać2. noun1) (a rough cut made in something: He marked the tree by making a few hacks on the trunk.) (na)cięcie2) (a horse, or in the United States, a car, for hire.) koń/pojazd do wynajęcia•- hacker- hacking
- hacksaw -
11 primitive
['prɪmɪtɪv]adj* * *['primətiv]1) (belonging to the earliest times: primitive stone tools.) prymitywny2) (simple or rough: He made a primitive boat out of some pieces of wood.) prymitywny -
12 some
[sʌm] 1. adj1) ( a certain amount of) trochę +gen; ( a certain number of) parę +gen nvir pl, paru +gen vir pl, kilka +gen nvir pl, kilku +gen vir plsome tea/water — trochę herbaty/wody
2) ( certain) ( in contrasts) niektóre +nvir pl, niektórzy +vir plsome people say that … — niektórzy (ludzie) mówią, że …
3) ( unspecified)2. pronhave you got any friends? — yes, I've got some — (czy) masz jakichś przyjaciół? — tak, mam paru or kilku
have you got any stamps? — yes, I've got some — (czy) masz jakieś znaczki? — tak, mam parę or kilka
2) ( a certain amount) trochę3. advhave we got any money? — yes, we've got some — (czy) mamy jakieś pieniądze? — tak, mamy trochę
* * *1. pronoun, adjective1) (an indefinite amount or number (of): I can see some people walking across the field; You'll need some money if you're going shopping; Some of the ink was spilt on the desk.) kilka, trochę2) ((said with emphasis) a certain, or small, amount or number (of): `Has she any experience of the work?' `Yes, she has some.'; Some people like the idea and some don't.) trochę, niektórzy3) ((said with emphasis) at least one / a few / a bit (of): Surely there are some people who agree with me?; I don't need much rest from work, but I must have some.) jakiś4) (certain: He's quite kind in some ways.) pewny, pewien2. adjective1) (a large, considerable or impressive (amount or number of): I spent some time trying to convince her; I'll have some problem sorting out these papers!) nie lada2) (an unidentified or unnamed (thing, person etc): She was hunting for some book that she's lost.) jakiś3) ((used with numbers) about; at a rough estimate: There were some thirty people at the reception.) jakieś, około3. adverb((American) somewhat; to a certain extent: I think we've progressed some.) nieco- somebody- someday
- somehow
- someone
- something
- sometime
- sometimes
- somewhat
- somewhere
- mean something
- or something
- something like
- something tells me
См. также в других словарях:
rough-out — roughˈ out noun A leather or a leather article, having the reverse side from the grain outermost • • • Main Entry: ↑rough … Useful english dictionary
rough out — [v] do preliminary design adumbrate, block out, chalk, characterize, delineate, draft, outline, plan, skeleton, sketch, suggest; concepts 36,79,174 … New thesaurus
rough out — verb prepare in preliminary or sketchy form (Freq. 1) • Syn: ↑rough in, ↑rough • Hypernyms: ↑prepare • Verb Frames: Somebody s something * * * … Useful english dictionary
rough out — phrasal verb [transitive] Word forms rough out : present tense I/you/we/they rough out he/she/it roughs out present participle roughing out past tense roughed out past participle roughed out to produce a drawing or piece of writing without… … English dictionary
rough out — PHRASAL VERB If you rough out a drawing or an idea, you draw or write the main features of it before you do it in detail. [V P n (not pron)] Wood roughed out a possible framework for their story. [Also V n P] Syn: sketch … English dictionary
rough out — Synonyms and related words: adumbrate, bat out, block in, block out, botch, brief, bungle, carve, cast, chalk out, characterize, chisel, create, cut, dash off, delineate, do anyhow, do by halves, do carelessly, do offhand, draft, efform, fake up … Moby Thesaurus
rough out — verb to produce (a plan, diagram etc.) in rough … Wiktionary
rough out — /ˌrʌf aυt/ verb to make a draft or a general design ● The finance director roughed out a plan of investment … Marketing dictionary in english
rough out — /ˌrʌf aυt/ verb to make a draft or a general design of something, which may be changed later ● The finance director roughed out a plan of investment … Dictionary of banking and finance
rough — [ruf] adj. [ME ruh, rugh < OE ruh, akin to Ger rauh < IE * reuk < base * reu , to tear, tear out (> RUG, ROTTEN): prob. basic sense “hairy, woolly”] 1. a) not smooth or level; having bumps, projections, etc.; uneven [a rough surface]… … English World dictionary
Rough — Rough, v. t. 1. To render rough; to roughen. [1913 Webster] 2. To break in, as a horse, especially for military purposes. Crabb. [1913 Webster] 3. To cut or make in a hasty, rough manner; with out; as, to rough out a carving, a sketch. [1913… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English