-
21 off
1. [ɒf] n1. положение «выключено» (у приборов, выключателей и т. п.)to be set at off - находиться в положении «выключено»
2. свободное время3. спорт. часть поля, находящаяся слева от боулера ( крикет)4. разг. начало, старт2. [ɒf] a1. более удалённый, дальний2. 1) находящийся с правой стороны, справа2) мор. обращённый к морю ( о борте корабля)3) спорт. расположенный слева от боулера ( о части поля - крикет)3. второстепенный, менее важный, незначительныйoff street - переулок; улочка
4. свободный, незанятыйday off, off day - свободный день; нерабочий день [ср. тж. 5, 1)]
a pastime for one's off hours - развлечения /занятия/ в часы отдыха /досуга/
we are off (on) Wednesdays during the summer - летом мы по средам не работаем /по средам наш магазин закрыт/
5. 1) неудачный, неблагоприятныйoff day - неудачный день [ср. тж. 4]
2) не совсем здоровый3) несвежий ( о пище)4) низкосортный, низкого качества; ниже (обычного) стандартаoff year - а) неурожайный год; б) год с низкой деловой активностью
6. ошибочный, неправильный3. [ɒf] adv1) движение прочь, в сторону и т. п. - передаётся глагольными приставками от-, у-, вы-, с- и др.to drive off - уехать; отъехать
when does the plane take off? - когда вылетает самолёт?
cut the end off - отрежьте /подрежьте/ кончик
the handle [button] came off - ручка [пуговица] оторвалась
mark it off into three equal parts - отмерьте так, чтобы получилось три равные части
4) снятие предмета одежды и т. п.:he took his coat [glasses] off - он снял пальто [очки]
hats off! - шапки долой!
with his shoes off - без ботинок, босой
5) доведение действия до конца, до предела:2. отдалённость1) о расстоянии:a long way off, far off - далеко
a little way off - недалеко, близко
2) во времени:3. 1) ( внезапное) прекращение действия:to cur off supplies - прекратить снабжение /поставки/
to break off with smb. - порвать /прекратить отношения/ с кем-л.
he broke off in the middle of the sentence - в середине фразы он вдруг остановился
2) отмену, аннулирование и т. п.:4. 1) уменьшение или сокращение:3) избавление, освобождение от чего-л.:to marry /to get/ one's daughters off - выдать дочерей замуж
to turn /to switch, to put/ off - выключить
5. обеспеченность:he lives comfortably off - он обеспеченный /богатый/ человек
he earns well off - он хорошо зарабатывает; денег у него хватает
6. в сочетаниях:to be off - разг. а) покинуть, уйти; I must be off - я должен пойти /уйти/; we are off now - ну, мы пошли /отправились/; б) отсутствовать; to be off sick - отсутствовать по болезни; he's off on Tuesdays - его не бывает по вторникам; she's been off for a week - её не было целую неделю; в) не хватать; не хватить; there are two buttons off - не хватает двух пуговиц; I'm sorry the lamb is off - к сожалению, баранины уже нет /баранина кончилась/; г) выходить из строя, ломаться; the TV set [radio, etc] is off - телевизор [радио и т. п.] не работает; д) быть как-л. обеспеченным [ср. тж. 5]
to be well [badly] off for smth. - быть хорошо [плохо] обеспеченным чем-л.
you must be badly off for books - у тебя, видно, маловато книг
he is badly /poorly/ off - он нуждается, он беден
♢
hands off! - руки прочь!he is neither off nor on - он не говорит ни да ни нет; он колеблется
be off!, off you go! - убирайтесь!, уходите!; пошёл прочь!
off with you! - марш отсюда!
off with his head! - отрубить ему голову!
off with the old and on with the new! - долой старое, да здравствует новое!
keep off! - а) осторожно!, берегись!; б) не подходить!
to see smb. off - провожать кого-л.
to sleep smth. off - выспавшись, избавиться /выздороветь/ от чего-л.
др. сочетания см. под соответствующими словами4. [ɒf] v разг.1. 1) прекращать (переговоры и т. п.)2) идти на попятный2. амер. сл. убить, укокошить; «ликвидировать», «убрать»3. мор. редк. удаляться от берега, уходить в открытое море5. [ɒf] prep1. 1) удаление или отделение от чего-л. сto fall off the ladder [a horse] - упасть с лестницы [с лошади]
2) ответвление от чего-л.:a street off Fifth Avenue - улица, идущая от Пятой авеню
a street off the square - улица, которая выходит на площадь
3. уменьшение, скидку меньше, нижеat 10% off the regular price - на 10% ниже обычной цены
4. разг. источник от, уto borrow [to buy] smth. off smb. - взять взаймы [купить] что-л. у кого-л.
5. 1) кушанье, материал, вещество - часто передаётся твор. падежом:off the mark - а) мимо цели ( о выстреле); б) не относящийся к делу
he's off his head - разг. он спятил
he is off his feed - разг. у него нет аппетита
7. неучастие в чём-л.; нежелание участвовать в чём-л., делать что-л.♢
off the map - несуществующий, исчезнувший6. [ɒf] intoff the wind - мор. с попутным ветром, курсом бакштаг
1) внимание!; остановись!2) прочь!; долой! -
22 off
1. [ɒf] n1. положение «выключено» (у приборов, выключателей и т. п.)to be set at off - находиться в положении «выключено»
2. свободное время3. спорт. часть поля, находящаяся слева от боулера ( крикет)4. разг. начало, старт2. [ɒf] a1. более удалённый, дальний2. 1) находящийся с правой стороны, справа2) мор. обращённый к морю ( о борте корабля)3) спорт. расположенный слева от боулера ( о части поля - крикет)3. второстепенный, менее важный, незначительныйoff street - переулок; улочка
4. свободный, незанятыйday off, off day - свободный день; нерабочий день [ср. тж. 5, 1)]
a pastime for one's off hours - развлечения /занятия/ в часы отдыха /досуга/
we are off (on) Wednesdays during the summer - летом мы по средам не работаем /по средам наш магазин закрыт/
5. 1) неудачный, неблагоприятныйoff day - неудачный день [ср. тж. 4]
2) не совсем здоровый3) несвежий ( о пище)4) низкосортный, низкого качества; ниже (обычного) стандартаoff year - а) неурожайный год; б) год с низкой деловой активностью
6. ошибочный, неправильный3. [ɒf] adv1) движение прочь, в сторону и т. п. - передаётся глагольными приставками от-, у-, вы-, с- и др.to drive off - уехать; отъехать
when does the plane take off? - когда вылетает самолёт?
cut the end off - отрежьте /подрежьте/ кончик
the handle [button] came off - ручка [пуговица] оторвалась
mark it off into three equal parts - отмерьте так, чтобы получилось три равные части
4) снятие предмета одежды и т. п.:he took his coat [glasses] off - он снял пальто [очки]
hats off! - шапки долой!
with his shoes off - без ботинок, босой
5) доведение действия до конца, до предела:2. отдалённость1) о расстоянии:a long way off, far off - далеко
a little way off - недалеко, близко
2) во времени:3. 1) ( внезапное) прекращение действия:to cur off supplies - прекратить снабжение /поставки/
to break off with smb. - порвать /прекратить отношения/ с кем-л.
he broke off in the middle of the sentence - в середине фразы он вдруг остановился
2) отмену, аннулирование и т. п.:4. 1) уменьшение или сокращение:3) избавление, освобождение от чего-л.:to marry /to get/ one's daughters off - выдать дочерей замуж
to turn /to switch, to put/ off - выключить
5. обеспеченность:he lives comfortably off - он обеспеченный /богатый/ человек
he earns well off - он хорошо зарабатывает; денег у него хватает
6. в сочетаниях:to be off - разг. а) покинуть, уйти; I must be off - я должен пойти /уйти/; we are off now - ну, мы пошли /отправились/; б) отсутствовать; to be off sick - отсутствовать по болезни; he's off on Tuesdays - его не бывает по вторникам; she's been off for a week - её не было целую неделю; в) не хватать; не хватить; there are two buttons off - не хватает двух пуговиц; I'm sorry the lamb is off - к сожалению, баранины уже нет /баранина кончилась/; г) выходить из строя, ломаться; the TV set [radio, etc] is off - телевизор [радио и т. п.] не работает; д) быть как-л. обеспеченным [ср. тж. 5]
to be well [badly] off for smth. - быть хорошо [плохо] обеспеченным чем-л.
you must be badly off for books - у тебя, видно, маловато книг
he is badly /poorly/ off - он нуждается, он беден
♢
hands off! - руки прочь!he is neither off nor on - он не говорит ни да ни нет; он колеблется
be off!, off you go! - убирайтесь!, уходите!; пошёл прочь!
off with you! - марш отсюда!
off with his head! - отрубить ему голову!
off with the old and on with the new! - долой старое, да здравствует новое!
keep off! - а) осторожно!, берегись!; б) не подходить!
to see smb. off - провожать кого-л.
to sleep smth. off - выспавшись, избавиться /выздороветь/ от чего-л.
др. сочетания см. под соответствующими словами4. [ɒf] v разг.1. 1) прекращать (переговоры и т. п.)2) идти на попятный2. амер. сл. убить, укокошить; «ликвидировать», «убрать»3. мор. редк. удаляться от берега, уходить в открытое море5. [ɒf] prep1. 1) удаление или отделение от чего-л. сto fall off the ladder [a horse] - упасть с лестницы [с лошади]
2) ответвление от чего-л.:a street off Fifth Avenue - улица, идущая от Пятой авеню
a street off the square - улица, которая выходит на площадь
3. уменьшение, скидку меньше, нижеat 10% off the regular price - на 10% ниже обычной цены
4. разг. источник от, уto borrow [to buy] smth. off smb. - взять взаймы [купить] что-л. у кого-л.
5. 1) кушанье, материал, вещество - часто передаётся твор. падежом:off the mark - а) мимо цели ( о выстреле); б) не относящийся к делу
he's off his head - разг. он спятил
he is off his feed - разг. у него нет аппетита
7. неучастие в чём-л.; нежелание участвовать в чём-л., делать что-л.♢
off the map - несуществующий, исчезнувший6. [ɒf] intoff the wind - мор. с попутным ветром, курсом бакштаг
1) внимание!; остановись!2) прочь!; долой! -
23 array
2) матрица; периодическая структура; сетка3) вчт. массив4) таблица5) цепочка6) вектор7) геофиз. расстановка; схема расположения; группа8) геофиз. установка9) геофиз. зонд•-
active antenna array
-
active array
-
adaptive array
-
adjustable array
-
aerial antenna array
-
aerial array
-
automatic scanning array
-
autonomous solar array
-
avalanche photodiode imaging array
-
axial-dipole array
-
azimuthal dipole-dipole array
-
backfire array
-
bimorph array
-
binary array
-
broadside array
-
CCD array
-
cell array
-
cellular array
-
charge array
-
circuit array
-
circular array
-
circularly polarized array
-
closed array
-
closely spaced fuel rod array
-
coherent antenna array
-
coincidence array
-
collinear array
-
complex array
-
complex function array
-
conformal array
-
conformant arrays
-
conical array
-
conically scanning array
-
coordinate-connected array
-
cophasal array
-
core array
-
correlation array
-
coupled waveguide array
-
cross array
-
crosspoint array
-
crow's foot array
-
cylindrical array
-
data array
-
density-tapered array
-
deployable solar array
-
detector array
-
diamond array
-
diode array
-
diode target array
-
dip-angle array
-
dipole array
-
dipole-dipole array
-
discrete array
-
discretionary routed array
-
dislocation array
-
disperse array
-
Dolph-Chebyshev antenna array
-
Dolph-Chebyshev array
-
electrode array
-
electronically scanned array
-
end-fed array
-
end-fire array
-
equispaced array
-
expanding array
-
fan-like array
-
feed array
-
feedthrough array
-
field-programmable logic array
-
filtering array
-
fixed-sized array
-
flat array
-
flexible array
-
flexible solar array
-
flush-mounted array
-
Franclin array
-
frequency-scanned array
-
fuel rod array
-
fuse-programmable array
-
gate array
-
geophone array
-
grating array
-
half-wave spaced array
-
hemispherically scanned array
-
herringbone array
-
high-voltage photovoltaic array
-
hologram array
-
horizontal collinear array
-
imaging array
-
induced-polarization array
-
induction array
-
in-line array
-
lateral array
-
light-emitting array
-
lightweight solar array
-
linear array
-
linear CCD array
-
logic array
-
low sidelobe array
-
maintenance-free solar array
-
mattress array
-
memory array
-
meso-meteorological buoy array
-
monolithically integrated solar array
-
monopole array
-
monopulse array
-
MOS array
-
multibeam array
-
multichip array
-
multidimensional array
-
multiple seismometer array
-
multiple shot array
-
N-dimensional array
-
NEP array
-
nonuniform array
-
normal array
-
null-steering array
-
odd arm star array
-
one-dimensional array
-
open fuel rod array
-
parasitic array
-
patch array
-
perpendicular array
-
phased array
-
phase-scanned array
-
photodiode array
-
photosensor array
-
photovoltaic array
-
pine-tree array
-
pin-grid array
-
planar array
-
pointer array
-
pole-dipole array
-
pole-pole array
-
polycell array
-
probe array
-
processing array
-
programmable logic array
-
receiving array
-
reciprocal array
-
rectangular array
-
reflector array
-
regular array
-
resistivity surveying array
-
resistor array
-
resistor-capacitor array
-
retrodirective array
-
reversible array
-
rigid solar array
-
ring array
-
root-integrated solar array
-
RSI array
-
scanned array
-
seismic array
-
self-phased array
-
self-scanned array
-
sensor array
-
SEP array
-
series array
-
shot array
-
silicon solar-cell array
-
silicon solar array
-
slot array
-
solar-cell array
-
solar array
-
solarvoltaic array
-
S-P solar array
-
space solar array
-
space-tapered array
-
stocked dipole array
-
sun seeking solar array
-
switched array
-
systolic array
-
tapered array
-
thermistor array
-
thinned array
-
tile array
-
touch pad switch array
-
TPS array
-
transducer array
-
transmissive array
-
transmitting array
-
triangular array
-
trimmable resistor array
-
two-dimensional array
-
uncommitted logic array
-
uncommitted array
-
uniform array
-
unit cell array
-
unsteerable array
-
waveguide array
-
Yagi-Uda array -
24 stop
1) остановка || останавливать(ся)2) задержка || задерживать(ся)3) дорож. знак остановки4) кнопка "стоп"5) сигнал "стоп"; команда останова7) (жёсткий) упор; ограничитель; стопор; останов9) дамба10) охранная область ( в транзисторе)11) кфт. диафрагма || диафрагмировать12) торможение || тормозить13) завершение полёта || завершать полёт16) знак препинания•-
abutment stop
-
address stop
-
adjustable end stop
-
adjustable stop
-
affixed stop
-
air-operated stop
-
alignment positioning stop
-
aperture stop
-
automatic stop
-
automatic train stop
-
back stop
-
blade droop stop
-
bottom stop
-
buffer stop
-
bump stop
-
butting stop
-
channel stop
-
coarse pitch stop
-
conditional stop
-
continual stops
-
continuous train stop
-
corporation stop
-
crush stop
-
dead stop
-
depth control stop
-
depth stop
-
diaphragm stop
-
draft stop
-
emergency stop
-
end stop
-
error stop
-
feed stop
-
field stop
-
fine pitch stop
-
finger stop
-
fire stop
-
fixed stop
-
flight-fine-pitch stop
-
floor stop
-
forced stop
-
front draft gear stop
-
front stop
-
full stop
-
Geneva stop
-
glass stop
-
inductive train stop
-
inside stop
-
intermediate flight stop
-
intermediate stop
-
intermittent inductive train stop
-
intermittent train stop
-
left/right hand margin stop
-
limit stop
-
lube stop
-
margin stop
-
mechanical limit stop
-
micrometer stop
-
nontraffic stop
-
optional stop
-
oriented stop
-
oscillatable stop
-
oscillation stop
-
overrunning stop
-
passing stop
-
planned stop
-
program stop
-
programmed stop
-
rear draft gear stop
-
reciprocal stop
-
regular stop
-
revenue stop
-
safety stop
-
scheduled stop
-
selvage stop
-
service train stop
-
shaft stop
-
shaped rubber stop
-
smooth stop
-
solid stop
-
spring stop
-
staple bottom stop
-
technical stop
-
timber stop
-
top stop
-
traffic stop
-
train stop
-
transit stop
-
trip train stop
-
vignetting stop
-
water stop
-
wayside stop
-
yarn carrier stop -
25 process
1) процесс
2) обработать
3) перерабатывать
4) движение
5) течение
6) прием
7) способ
8) обрабатывать
9) процедура
10) технологический
11) обрабатывающий
12) вычислительный
– activate a process
– additive process
– adiabatic process
– adjoint process
– aluninography process
– anaerobic process
– auxiliary process
– averaging process
– batch process
– Bessemer process
– bloomery process
– branching process
– commercialize a process
– computational process
– continuous process
– controlled process
– converter process
– correlated process
– counter-flow process
– Crouse process
– cupola process
– decision process
– denumerable process
– destroy a process
– deterministic process
– diagonal process
– diffusion process
– doping process
– dry-press process
– EFG process
– emigration process
– endothermic process
– equally-correlated process
– equilibrium process
– ergodic process
– exhaustion process
– exothermic process
– explosive process
– fit process adequately
– hereditary process
– ideal process
– immigration process
– implement process
– input process
– install process
– inverse process
– irreversible process
– isentropic process
– isobaric process
– isochoric process
– isothermal process
– iterative process
– Kroll process
– limit process
– Markov process
– martingale process
– Moebius process
– non-steady process
– nonequilibrium process
– nonpreemptive process
– open-hearth process
– optimal process
– Orbach process
– oxidizing process
– path of a process
– periodic process
– pig-and-ore process
– preemptive process
– probabilistic process
– process acid
– process camera
– process chart
– process condensate
– process data
– process design
– process engineering
– process feed
– process film
– process gas
– process information
– process installation
– process interface
– process liquid
– process liquor
– process load
– process occurs
– process of exhaustion
– process oil
– process oxygen
– process runs
– process steam
– process the rubber
– process variable
– process water
– production process
– random process
– rate process
– reduction process
– regular process
– repetitive process
– reproduce process
– reverberatory process
– reversible process
– rotor process
– sequential process
– soft-mud process
– stationary process
– steady-state process
– steel-making process
– stencil process
– stochastic process
– transient process
– transport process
– umklapp process
– unit process
– unsteady process
– welding process
– Wohlwill process
– xiphoid process
birth and death process — <math.> процесс рождения и гибели
chromizing by powder process — твердое диффузионное хромирование
disturbed harmonic process — возмущенный гармонический процесс
drawn-gate CMOS process — технология КМОП-схем с удлиненными затворами
realization of random process — реализация случайного процесса
strictly stationary process — стационарный в узком смысле процесс
-
26 near cash
!гос. фин. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.This paper provides background information on the framework for the planning and control of public expenditure in the UK which has been operated since the 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR). It sets out the different classifications of spending for budgeting purposes and why these distinctions have been adopted. It discusses how the public expenditure framework is designed to ensure both sound public finances and an outcome-focused approach to public expenditure.The UK's public spending framework is based on several key principles:"consistency with a long-term, prudent and transparent regime for managing the public finances as a whole;" "the judgement of success by policy outcomes rather than resource inputs;" "strong incentives for departments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better public services with greater cost effectiveness; and"the proper costing and management of capital assets to provide the right incentives for public investment.The Government sets policy to meet two firm fiscal rules:"the Golden Rule states that over the economic cycle, the Government will borrow only to invest and not to fund current spending; and"the Sustainable Investment Rule states that net public debt as a proportion of GDP will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. Other things being equal, net debt will be maintained below 40 per cent of GDP over the economic cycle.Achievement of the fiscal rules is assessed by reference to the national accounts, which are produced by the Office for National Statistics, acting as an independent agency. The Government sets its spending envelope to comply with these fiscal rules.Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL) and Annually Managed Expenditure (AME)"Departmental Expenditure Limit ( DEL) spending, which is planned and controlled on a three year basis in Spending Reviews; and"Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME), which is expenditure which cannot reasonably be subject to firm, multi-year limits in the same way as DEL. AME includes social security benefits, local authority self-financed expenditure, debt interest, and payments to EU institutions.More information about DEL and AME is set out below.In Spending Reviews, firm DEL plans are set for departments for three years. To ensure consistency with the Government's fiscal rules departments are set separate resource (current) and capital budgets. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.To encourage departments to plan over the medium term departments may carry forward unspent DEL provision from one year into the next and, subject to the normal tests for tautness and realism of plans, may be drawn down in future years. This end-year flexibility also removes any incentive for departments to use up their provision as the year end approaches with less regard to value for money. For the full benefits of this flexibility and of three year plans to feed through into improved public service delivery, end-year flexibility and three year budgets should be cascaded from departments to executive agencies and other budget holders.Three year budgets and end-year flexibility give those managing public services the stability to plan their operations on a sensible time scale. Further, the system means that departments cannot seek to bid up funds each year (before 1997, three year plans were set and reviewed in annual Public Expenditure Surveys). So the credibility of medium-term plans has been enhanced at both central and departmental level.Departments have certainty over the budgetary allocation over the medium term and these multi-year DEL plans are strictly enforced. Departments are expected to prioritise competing pressures and fund these within their overall annual limits, as set in Spending Reviews. So the DEL system provides a strong incentive to control costs and maximise value for money.There is a small centrally held DEL Reserve. Support from the Reserve is available only for genuinely unforeseeable contingencies which departments cannot be expected to manage within their DEL.AME typically consists of programmes which are large, volatile and demand-led, and which therefore cannot reasonably be subject to firm multi-year limits. The biggest single element is social security spending. Other items include tax credits, Local Authority Self Financed Expenditure, Scottish Executive spending financed by non-domestic rates, and spending financed from the proceeds of the National Lottery.AME is reviewed twice a year as part of the Budget and Pre-Budget Report process reflecting the close integration of the tax and benefit system, which was enhanced by the introduction of tax credits.AME is not subject to the same three year expenditure limits as DEL, but is still part of the overall envelope for public expenditure. Affordability is taken into account when policy decisions affecting AME are made. The Government has committed itself not to take policy measures which are likely to have the effect of increasing social security or other elements of AME without taking steps to ensure that the effects of those decisions can be accommodated prudently within the Government's fiscal rules.Given an overall envelope for public spending, forecasts of AME affect the level of resources available for DEL spending. Cautious estimates and the AME margin are built in to these AME forecasts and reduce the risk of overspending on AME.Together, DEL plus AME sum to Total Managed Expenditure (TME). TME is a measure drawn from national accounts. It represents the current and capital spending of the public sector. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and public corporations.Resource and Capital Budgets are set in terms of accruals information. Accruals information measures resources as they are consumed rather than when the cash is paid. So for example the Resource Budget includes a charge for depreciation, a measure of the consumption or wearing out of capital assets."Non cash charges in budgets do not impact directly on the fiscal framework. That may be because the national accounts use a different way of measuring the same thing, for example in the case of the depreciation of departmental assets. Or it may be that the national accounts measure something different: for example, resource budgets include a cost of capital charge reflecting the opportunity cost of holding capital; the national accounts include debt interest."Within the Resource Budget DEL, departments have separate controls on:"Near cash spending, the sub set of Resource Budgets which impacts directly on the Golden Rule; and"The amount of their Resource Budget DEL that departments may spend on running themselves (e.g. paying most civil servants’ salaries) is limited by Administration Budgets, which are set in Spending Reviews. Administration Budgets are used to ensure that as much money as practicable is available for front line services and programmes. These budgets also help to drive efficiency improvements in departments’ own activities. Administration Budgets exclude the costs of frontline services delivered directly by departments.The Budget preceding a Spending Review sets an overall envelope for public spending that is consistent with the fiscal rules for the period covered by the Spending Review. In the Spending Review, the Budget AME forecast for year one of the Spending Review period is updated, and AME forecasts are made for the later years of the Spending Review period.The 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review ( CSR), which was published in July 1998, was a comprehensive review of departmental aims and objectives alongside a zero-based analysis of each spending programme to determine the best way of delivering the Government's objectives. The 1998 CSR allocated substantial additional resources to the Government's key priorities, particularly education and health, for the three year period from 1999-2000 to 2001-02.Delivering better public services does not just depend on how much money the Government spends, but also on how well it spends it. Therefore the 1998 CSR introduced Public Service Agreements (PSAs). Each major government department was given its own PSA setting out clear targets for achievements in terms of public service improvements.The 1998 CSR also introduced the DEL/ AME framework for the control of public spending, and made other framework changes. Building on the investment and reforms delivered by the 1998 CSR, successive spending reviews in 2000, 2002 and 2004 have:"provided significant increase in resources for the Government’s priorities, in particular health and education, and cross-cutting themes such as raising productivity; extending opportunity; and building strong and secure communities;" "enabled the Government significantly to increase investment in public assets and address the legacy of under investment from past decades. Departmental Investment Strategies were introduced in SR2000. As a result there has been a steady increase in public sector net investment from less than ¾ of a per cent of GDP in 1997-98 to 2¼ per cent of GDP in 2005-06, providing better infrastructure across public services;" "introduced further refinements to the performance management framework. PSA targets have been reduced in number over successive spending reviews from around 300 to 110 to give greater focus to the Government’s highest priorities. The targets have become increasingly outcome-focused to deliver further improvements in key areas of public service delivery across Government. They have also been refined in line with the conclusions of the Devolving Decision Making Review to provide a framework which encourages greater devolution and local flexibility. Technical Notes were introduced in SR2000 explaining how performance against each PSA target will be measured; and"not only allocated near cash spending to departments, but also – since SR2002 - set Resource DEL plans for non cash spending.To identify what further investments and reforms are needed to equip the UK for the global challenges of the decade ahead, on 19 July 2005 the Chief Secretary to the Treasury announced that the Government intends to launch a second Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR) reporting in 2007.A decade on from the first CSR, the 2007 CSR will represent a long-term and fundamental review of government expenditure. It will cover departmental allocations for 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010 11. Allocations for 2007-08 will be held to the agreed figures already announced by the 2004 Spending Review. To provide a rigorous analytical framework for these departmental allocations, the Government will be taking forward a programme of preparatory work over 2006 involving:"an assessment of what the sustained increases in spending and reforms to public service delivery have achieved since the first CSR. The assessment will inform the setting of new objectives for the decade ahead;" "an examination of the key long-term trends and challenges that will shape the next decade – including demographic and socio-economic change, globalisation, climate and environmental change, global insecurity and technological change – together with an assessment of how public services will need to respond;" "to release the resources needed to address these challenges, and to continue to secure maximum value for money from public spending over the CSR period, a set of zero-based reviews of departments’ baseline expenditure to assess its effectiveness in delivering the Government’s long-term objectives; together with"further development of the efficiency programme, building on the cross cutting areas identified in the Gershon Review, to embed and extend ongoing efficiency savings into departmental expenditure planning.The 2007 CSR also offers the opportunity to continue to refine the PSA framework so that it drives effective delivery and the attainment of ambitious national standards.Public Service Agreements (PSAs) were introduced in the 1998 CSR. They set out agreed targets detailing the outputs and outcomes departments are expected to deliver with the resources allocated to them. The new spending regime places a strong emphasis on outcome targets, for example in providing for better health and higher educational standards or service standards. The introduction in SR2004 of PSA ‘standards’ will ensure that high standards in priority areas are maintained.The Government monitors progress against PSA targets, and departments report in detail twice a year in their annual Departmental Reports (published in spring) and in their autumn performance reports. These reports provide Parliament and the public with regular updates on departments’ performance against their targets.Technical Notes explain how performance against each PSA target will be measured.To make the most of both new investment and existing assets, there needs to be a coherent long term strategy against which investment decisions are taken. Departmental Investment Strategies (DIS) set out each department's plans to deliver the scale and quality of capital stock needed to underpin its objectives. The DIS includes information about the department's existing capital stock and future plans for that stock, as well as plans for new investment. It also sets out the systems that the department has in place to ensure that it delivers its capital programmes effectively.This document was updated on 19 December 2005.Near-cash resource expenditure that has a related cash implication, even though the timing of the cash payment may be slightly different. For example, expenditure on gas or electricity supply is incurred as the fuel is used, though the cash payment might be made in arrears on aquarterly basis. Other examples of near-cash expenditure are: pay, rental.Net cash requirement the upper limit agreed by Parliament on the cash which a department may draw from theConsolidated Fund to finance the expenditure within the ambit of its Request forResources. It is equal to the agreed amount of net resources and net capital less non-cashitems and working capital.Non-cash cost costs where there is no cash transaction but which are included in a body’s accounts (or taken into account in charging for a service) to establish the true cost of all the resourcesused.Non-departmental a body which has a role in the processes of government, but is not a government public body, NDPBdepartment or part of one. NDPBs accordingly operate at arm’s length from governmentMinisters.Notional cost of a cost which is taken into account in setting fees and charges to improve comparability with insuranceprivate sector service providers.The charge takes account of the fact that public bodies donot generally pay an insurance premium to a commercial insurer.the independent body responsible for collecting and publishing official statistics about theUK’s society and economy. (At the time of going to print legislation was progressing tochange this body to the Statistics Board).Office of Government an office of the Treasury, with a status similar to that of an agency, which aims to maximise Commerce, OGCthe government’s purchasing power for routine items and combine professional expertiseto bear on capital projects.Office of the the government department responsible for discharging the Paymaster General’s statutoryPaymaster General,responsibilities to hold accounts and make payments for government departments and OPGother public bodies.Orange bookthe informal title for Management of Risks: Principles and Concepts, which is published by theTreasury for the guidance of public sector bodies.Office for NationalStatistics, ONS60Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————"GLOSSARYOverdraftan account with a negative balance.Parliament’s formal agreement to authorise an activity or expenditure.Prerogative powerspowers exercisable under the Royal Prerogative, ie powers which are unique to the Crown,as contrasted with common-law powers which may be available to the Crown on the samebasis as to natural persons.Primary legislationActs which have been passed by the Westminster Parliament and, where they haveappropriate powers, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly. Begin asBills until they have received Royal Assent.arrangements under which a public sector organisation contracts with a private sectorentity to construct a facility and provide associated services of a specified quality over asustained period. See annex 7.5.Proprietythe principle that patterns of resource consumption should respect Parliament’s intentions,conventions and control procedures, including any laid down by the PAC. See box 2.4.Public Accountssee Committee of Public Accounts.CommitteePublic corporationa trading body controlled by central government, local authority or other publiccorporation that has substantial day to day operating independence. See section 7.8.Public Dividend finance provided by government to public sector bodies as an equity stake; an alternative to Capital, PDCloan finance.Public Service sets out what the public can expect the government to deliver with its resources. EveryAgreement, PSAlarge government department has PSA(s) which specify deliverables as targets or aimsrelated to objectives.a structured arrangement between a public sector and a private sector organisation tosecure an outcome delivering good value for money for the public sector. It is classified tothe public or private sector according to which has more control.Rate of returnthe financial remuneration delivered by a particular project or enterprise, expressed as apercentage of the net assets employed.Regularitythe principle that resource consumption should accord with the relevant legislation, therelevant delegated authority and this document. See box 2.4.Request for the functional level into which departmental Estimates may be split. RfRs contain a number Resources, RfRof functions being carried out by the department in pursuit of one or more of thatdepartment’s objectives.Resource accountan accruals account produced in line with the Financial Reporting Manual (FReM).Resource accountingthe system under which budgets, Estimates and accounts are constructed in a similar wayto commercial audited accounts, so that both plans and records of expenditure allow in fullfor the goods and services which are to be, or have been, consumed – ie not just the cashexpended.Resource budgetthe means by which the government plans and controls the expenditure of resources tomeet its objectives.Restitutiona legal concept which allows money and property to be returned to its rightful owner. Ittypically operates where another person can be said to have been unjustly enriched byreceiving such monies.Return on capital the ratio of profit to capital employed of an accounting entity during an identified period.employed, ROCEVarious measures of profit and of capital employed may be used in calculating the ratio.Public Privatepartnership, PPPPrivate Finance Initiative, PFIParliamentaryauthority61Managing Public Money"————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARYRoyal charterthe document setting out the powers and constitution of a corporation established underprerogative power of the monarch acting on Privy Council advice.Second readingthe second formal time that a House of Parliament may debate a bill, although in practicethe first substantive debate on its content. If successful, it is deemed to denoteParliamentary approval of the principle of the proposed legislation.Secondary legislationlaws, including orders and regulations, which are made using powers in primary legislation.Normally used to set out technical and administrative provision in greater detail thanprimary legislation, they are subject to a less intense level of scrutiny in Parliament.European legislation is,however,often implemented in secondary legislation using powers inthe European Communities Act 1972.Service-level agreement between parties, setting out in detail the level of service to be performed.agreementWhere agreements are between central government bodies, they are not legally a contractbut have a similar function.Shareholder Executive a body created to improve the government’s performance as a shareholder in businesses.Spending reviewsets out the key improvements in public services that the public can expect over a givenperiod. It includes a thorough review of departmental aims and objectives to find the bestway of delivering the government’s objectives, and sets out the spending plans for the givenperiod.State aidstate support for a domestic body or company which could distort EU competition and sois not usually allowed. See annex 4.9.Statement of Excessa formal statement detailing departments’ overspends prepared by the Comptroller andAuditor General as a result of undertaking annual audits.Statement on Internal an annual statement that Accounting Officers are required to make as part of the accounts Control, SICon a range of risk and control issues.Subheadindividual elements of departmental expenditure identifiable in Estimates as single cells, forexample cell A1 being administration costs within a particular line of departmental spending.Supplyresources voted by Parliament in response to Estimates, for expenditure by governmentdepartments.Supply Estimatesa statement of the resources the government needs in the coming financial year, and forwhat purpose(s), by which Parliamentary authority is sought for the planned level ofexpenditure and income.Target rate of returnthe rate of return required of a project or enterprise over a given period, usually at least a year.Third sectorprivate sector bodies which do not act commercially,including charities,social and voluntaryorganisations and other not-for-profit collectives. See annex 7.7.Total Managed a Treasury budgeting term which covers all current and capital spending carried out by the Expenditure,TMEpublic sector (ie not just by central departments).Trading fundan organisation (either within a government department or forming one) which is largely orwholly financed from commercial revenue generated by its activities. Its Estimate shows itsnet impact, allowing its income from receipts to be devoted entirely to its business.Treasury Minutea formal administrative document drawn up by the Treasury, which may serve a wide varietyof purposes including seeking Parliamentary approval for the use of receipts asappropriations in aid, a remission of some or all of the principal of voted loans, andresponding on behalf of the government to reports by the Public Accounts Committee(PAC).62Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARY63Managing Public MoneyValue for moneythe process under which organisation’s procurement, projects and processes aresystematically evaluated and assessed to provide confidence about suitability, effectiveness,prudence,quality,value and avoidance of error and other waste,judged for the public sectoras a whole.Virementthe process through which funds are moved between subheads such that additionalexpenditure on one is met by savings on one or more others.Votethe process by which Parliament approves funds in response to supply Estimates.Voted expenditureprovision for expenditure that has been authorised by Parliament. Parliament ‘votes’authority for public expenditure through the Supply Estimates process. Most expenditureby central government departments is authorised in this way.Wider market activity activities undertaken by central government organisations outside their statutory duties,using spare capacity and aimed at generating a commercial profit. See annex 7.6.Windfallmonies received by a department which were not anticipated in the spending review.———————————————————————————————————————— -
27 program
1. nto administer a program — выполнять / осуществлять программу
to apply a program — использовать / применять программу
to approve a program — утверждать / одобрять программу
to carry out a program — выполнять / осуществлять программу
to contribute to a program — способствовать выполнению программы; вносить вклад в программу
to expand / to extend a program — расширять программу
to lay out a program — излагать / намечать программу
to map out a program — намечать / составлять программу
to outline a program — излагать / намечать программу
to profess a program — придерживаться программы; отстаивать программу
to set out a program — излагать / намечать программу
to slash a program — урезать ассигнования на какую-л. программу
to unfreeze one's nuclear program — размораживать свою ядерную программу
- action-oriented programto water down one's program — ослаблять свою программу
- activated program
- ad hoc program
- advanced technical training programs
- aerospace program
- agrarian program
- agrarian reform program
- aid program
- all-embracing program
- alternative program
- ambitious program
- anti-inflation program
- anti-marine pollution programs
- armament program
- assistance program
- atomic energy program
- atoms-for-peace program
- austerity program
- ballot-counting program
- bilateral program
- black programs
- broad program
- broad-ranging program
- budget program
- categorical assistance program
- civil nuclear program
- civil nuclear-power program
- clear-cut program
- coherent program
- component program
- comprehensive program
- compromise program
- concerted program
- concrete program
- consolidated program
- constructive program
- coordinator of a program
- country programs
- crash program
- daily program of sittings
- detailed program
- development program
- diminution in a program
- disarmament program
- disease control programs
- domestic assaults on a program
- dormant program
- draft program
- economic development program
- economic recovery program
- economic reform program
- election program
- energy program
- established program
- European Recovery Program
- execution of a program
- expanded program
- export promotion program
- family planning program
- famine relief program
- feasible program
- feed-back program
- fellowship program
- field programs
- fiscal program
- flight program
- follow-on program
- follow-up program
- food program
- foreign policy program
- general democratic program
- global program
- government program
- halt to the program
- health program
- home-policy program
- housing program
- implementation of a program
- industrial development program
- innovative program
- in-plant training program
- integrated program
- interdisciplinary program of research
- intergovernmental program
- investment promotion program
- job-training program
- joint program
- land reform program
- large-scale program
- live program
- long-range program
- long-term program
- major program
- manned program
- marine program
- massive program
- maximum program
- medium-term programs
- militant program
- military-political program
- military-space programs
- minimum program
- modernization program
- monitoring and evaluating programs
- multilateral aid program
- national program
- nation-wide program
- natural resources development program
- negotiating program
- nondefense program
- non-nuclear defense program
- nuclear program
- nuclear test program
- nuclear-power program
- nuclear-weapons program
- operational program
- optional program
- party program
- Peace Program
- peaceful program
- performance of a program
- phased program
- pilot program
- political program
- population program
- power program
- price support program
- priority program
- privatization program
- production program
- program aimed at smth
- program for economic cooperation
- program for peace and international cooperation
- program has begun its most difficult period
- program has raised objections
- program of action
- program of activities
- program of consolidation
- program of general and complete disarmament
- program of gradual change
- program of measures
- program of militarization
- program of national rebirth
- program of research
- program of revival
- program of work
- promotion program
- public investment program
- public program
- reconstruction program
- recovery program
- reform program
- regional program
- regular program
- rehabilitation program
- research program
- resettlement program
- restructured program
- retraining program
- revised program
- revision of a program
- rural development program
- safeguards program
- safety standards program
- scientific program
- social program
- social welfare program
- sound program
- space exploration program
- space program
- special-purpose program
- Star Wars program
- Strategic Defense Initiative Program
- study program
- systematic assessment of the relevance, adequacy, progress, efficiency, effectiveness and impact of a program
- target program
- technical aid program
- terrorism reward program
- tough program
- training program
- unconstructive program
- under the program
- unemployment insurance program
- UNEP
- United Nations Environment Program
- utopian program
- vast program
- viable program
- war program
- wasteful program
- welfare program
- well-balanced program
- well-planned program
- well-thought-out program
- wide-ranging program
- work program
- world food program
- youth exchange program 2. vсоставлять программу, разрабатывать программу; программировать -
28 pattern
1) образец; эталон; калибр; модель; шаблон || формировать по образцу, формировать по шаблону; моделировать2) конфигурация; профиль, контур3) картина, рисунок; фигура; узор || наносить рисунок или узор4) схема; диаграмма6) структура; строение7) изображение; образ || формировать изображение8) копия || копировать9) сетка || наносить сетку10) кодограмма•- bearing pattern
- behavior patterns
- behavioral pattern
- bore pattern
- conductive pattern
- connecting pattern
- crash protection pattern
- cubical feed pattern
- desired pattern
- diffraction pattern
- drier pattern
- drill pattern
- drilling pattern
- driving pattern
- facet pattern
- flow pattern of force
- foam pattern
- foundry pattern
- fringe pattern
- graphic pattern
- grid pattern of holes
- grid pattern
- grinding pattern
- hole pattern
- information pattern
- layer pattern
- light pattern
- line pattern
- locating hole pattern
- locking pattern
- loose pattern
- loose-piece pattern
- machining pattern
- material flow pattern
- motion pattern
- movement pattern
- nesting pattern
- no-load contact pattern
- nonconductive pattern
- pattern of information
- pattern of laser heating tracks
- pattern of motions
- pattern of reference holes
- pattern of tapped holes
- polystyrene pattern
- pressure distribution pattern
- probing cycle pattern
- radial grid pattern
- raster-scanning pattern
- raster-type pattern of laser hardening
- ratchet pattern
- raw sensor patterns
- reference grid pattern
- reference pattern
- reference-hole pattern
- regular pattern of squares
- repetitive hole patterns
- rigid cycle pattern
- serpentine pattern
- set pattern
- short-wavelength pattern
- solid pattern
- speaker reference pattern
- split pattern
- square pattern
- square-dance pattern of movement
- steel-faced pattern
- storage pattern
- structural pattern
- substructural pattern
- surface locator pattern
- surface pattern
- sweep pattern
- template pattern
- test pattern
- three-dimensional pattern
- tooth-contact pattern
- traffic pattern
- training pattern
- two-dimensional pattern
- two-piece pattern
- unfolded flat pattern
- unfolded pattern
- vocabulary reference pattern
- wood pattern
- work motion pattern
- X-ray diffraction patternEnglish-Russian dictionary of mechanical engineering and automation > pattern
-
29 service
1) служба; работа; сфера деятельности2) обслуживание, сервис; услуга || обслуживать3) эксплуатация; уход; техническое обслуживание || эксплуатировать; проводить техническое обслуживание || эксплуатационный4) срок службы; долговечность5) pl службы; услуги; сфера услуг; обслуживающие отрасли экономики6) сообщение, связь; линия7) pl содержание; расходы по обслуживанию8) уплата капитальной суммы или процентов (по займам, облигациям) || уплачивать капитальную сумму или проценты; оплачивать; погашать; уплачивать дивиденд; "обслуживать" (долг) -
30 common
общий имя прилагательное:обыкновенный (ordinary, common, usual, plain, normal, Everyman)общинный (communal, common)имя существительное: -
31 control
1) управление; регулирование; контроль; надзор2) регулирующий орган; регулирующий и контролирующий блок; управляющий клапан (напр. автоматического фильтра)3) мн. ч. тяги управления; рычаги управления; органы управления4) контрольный5) управлять; контролировать; регулировать•- control of concrete quality - control of streams - accounting control - air control - air pollution control - automatic control - batch control - brine line flow control - cascade control - continuous control - conveyer control - crane control - crest control - development control - distant control - electrical control - electronic control unit - environmental control - feed control - fingertip control - fire control system - flood control - foot control - hand control - health control - highway traffic control - humidity control - ice control - inductive loop control - lack of control - level control - manual control - material quality control - odour control - overall technical control - pedestrian control - planning control - pneumatic control - pollution control - power control - press-button control - progress control - pulse control - quality control - radar control - radioactive control - regular control - remote control - selective control - shipping control - street traffic control - tape control - technical control - temperature control - thermostatic control - tight control over building norms - timed control - traffic control - traffic-actuated control - two-position control* * *1. управление, руководство2. контроль, проверка; надзор3. регулировка, регулирование4. орган [рычаг] управления, регулятор5. меры борьбы (с пылью, заражением), меры защиты ( от шума)- control of accesscontrol to strict tolerance — контроль [проверка] с соблюдением строгих требований в отношении допусков
- control of concrete quality
- controls of lifting appliances
- air control
- air traffic control
- air volume control
- algae control
- automatic cycling control
- automatic drier control
- automatic mix control
- automatic proportioning control
- automatic push-button control
- avalanche control
- budgetary control
- building control
- cabin controls
- cascade control
- centralized control
- close control
- compensated control
- concrete quality control
- concrete temperature control
- constant flow/variable temperature control
- constant temperature/variable flow control
- corrosion control
- cost control
- crack control
- cycling control
- density control
- derivative control
- development control
- dew point control
- differential control
- differential pressure control
- direct humidity control
- discharge control
- distant control
- downstream control
- dust control
- electrical control
- flame failure control
- floating control
- flood control
- floor flatness control
- foot control
- ground control
- hand control
- high-low control
- horizontal control
- humidity control
- hydraulic dust control
- ice control
- integral control
- job cost control
- landslide control
- level control
- local control
- low pressure control
- manual control
- manual cycling control
- manual proportioning control
- mechanical control
- mix control
- mixing control
- modulating control
- moisture control
- noise control
- odor control
- one-man control
- on-off control
- pedal control
- photo control
- photogrammetric control
- planning control
- pneumatic control
- pollution control
- power control
- power-assisted control
- priority control
- process quality control
- process control
- progress control
- proportional control
- pulse control
- push button control
- quality control
- rate action control
- reflective crack control
- remote control
- reset control
- river control
- rodent control
- running control
- sediment control
- self-operated control
- sequence control
- set control
- site control of materials
- slave control
- smoke control
- snow control
- snow and ice control
- sound control
- spring control
- statistical quality control
- step control
- stock control
- supplemental control
- thermostatic control
- traffic control
- traffic merging control
- tunneling control by laser and double target
- two-position control
- two-step control
- unison control
- upstream control
- vibration control
- water control
- workability control
- zone control -
32 current
1) течение, поток, струя2) водоток3) (электрический) ток || токовый4) электр. сила тока5) настоящий, данный, текущий• -
33 find
1. n находкаthis book is a regular find — эта книга — настоящая находка
2. n открытие3. n горн. новое месторождение4. v находить, отыскиватьto find nothing to say — не найтись, что сказать
I have found what I want — я нашёл, что мне нужно
5. v найти, наткнуться, встретитьсяto find out the truth — узнать правду, найти истину
find a market — найти сбыт; иметь сбыт; пользоваться спросом
6. v открывать, находитьto find the answer to the problem — разрешить проблему, найти решение вопроса
7. v обнаруживать8. v застать, найтиI found everybody out — никого не оказалось дома, я никого не застал
she found him gone — она обнаружила, что его нет
I found her waiting in the hall — я увидел, что она ждёт меня в вестибюле
to find the gimmick — найти, в чём секрет
9. v находить, обретатьto find courage to … — найти в себе мужество, чтобы …
the products of this industry always find a market — изделия этой отрасли промышленности всегда находят сбыт
10. v достигать, попадать11. v считать, находитьI find it pays to get up early — я считаю, что имеет смысл рано вставать
12. v убеждаться, приходить к заключениюyou will find that I am right — вы убедитесь, что я прав
I found that I was mistaken — я понял, что ошибся
I was surprised to find that … — я с удивлением увидел, что …
13. v составить мнениеto find out how the wind blows — выяснить, куда ветер дует, каково общее мнение
14. v юр. выносить приговор, определение, решение15. v юр. удостоверять действительность документа16. v юр. обеспечивать, субсидироватьthe State finds half of the sum, leaving the parent to find the rest — государство оплачивает половину, глава семьи — остальное
17. v юр. мат. определять, вычислятьto find the value of the unknown quantity — определять неизвестную выделять, выставлять
18. v юр. охот. взять следСинонимический ряд:1. bargain (noun) bargain; bonanza; windfall2. discovery (noun) detection; discovery; espial; strike; unearthing3. treasure (noun) acquisition; catch; treasure; treasure trove4. achieve (verb) achieve; acquire; attain; gain5. adjudge (verb) adjudge; decide; decree; determine; pronounce6. come across (verb) chance on; come across; come on; happen on; light on; run across; run into; stumble on7. detect (verb) catch; descry; detect; discover; encounter; espy; expose; hit on; hit upon; locate; meet with; notice; observe; pinpoint; see; sight; spot; turn up; uncover; unearth8. give (verb) deliver; dish out; dispense; feed; furnish; give; hand; hand over; provide; supply; transfer; turn over9. recover (verb) recover; regain; retrieveАнтонимический ряд:destroy; drop; elude; fail; fall short; forfeit; forget; forsake; lose; loss; mislay; misplace; miss; neglect; overlook; swindle -
34 irregular
1. n солдат нерегулярной армии2. n обыкн. нерегулярные войска3. n временно занимающий пост, должность4. n несортовой товар, уценённый товар5. a неправильный; не отвечающий правилам, нормам, стандартам; необычный; непринятыйirregular motion — предложение, внесённое не по правилам процедуры
6. a незаконный7. a имеющий неправильную форму, нестандартный; несимметричныйirregular outline — фигурный контур; неправильные очертания
8. a неровный9. a нерегулярный, неравномерный, неодинаковый; непостоянный10. a непорядочный; распущенный, безнравственный11. a воен. нерегулярный, иррегулярный12. a грам. неправильный, нерегулярно образованныйСинонимический ряд:1. aberrant (adj.) aberrant; aimless; disorderly; eccentric; erratic; unsystematic; variable2. abnormal (adj.) abnormal; anomalous; deviant; divergent; off-key; peculiar; unconventional; unique; unnatural; unregular; unusual3. lopsided (adj.) asymmetric; crooked; difform; disproportional; disproportionate; jagged; lopsided; lop-sided; nonsymmetrical; off-balance; overbalanced; proportionless; rough; unbalanced; unequal; unproportionate; unsymmetrical4. random (adj.) designless; desultory; haphazard; hit-or-miss; indiscriminate; objectless; promiscuous; purposeless; random; slapdash; spot; unaimed; unconsidered; unplanned5. spotty (adj.) patchy; spotty; uneven6. unorthodox (adj.) informal; unaccepted; unceremonious; unofficial; unorthodox7. partisan (noun) guerrilla; partisan; patriotАнтонимический ряд:even; regular; usual -
35 mechanical
1. n механизм2. n механическая часть3. n амер. полигр. штриховой оригинал4. n механическая копилка5. a машинный; механическийmechanical engineer — инженер-механик; машиностроитель
6. a механический; автоматическийmechanical arm — механическая рука, манипулятор
mechanical computer — механическое счётно-решающее устройство; счётно-вычислительная машина
7. a техническийmechanical training — техническая подготовка, техническое обучение
8. a машинальный9. a филос. механистическийmechanical philosophy — механистическая философия, механицизм
10. a уст. относящийся к механикам, ремесленникам, мастеровымСинонимический ряд:1. automatic (adj.) automated; automatic; machinelike; power-driven; programmed2. machinery (adj.) automotive; engineering; fabrication; machine; machinery; machining; physics; production; tooled3. perfunctory (adj.) artificial; habitual; involuntary; on automatic pilot; perfunctory; regular; thoughtless; unreasoning4. standardized (adj.) fixed; made to a pattern; monotonous; standardised; standardized; stereotyped; unchanging; without variation -
36 plant
1. n растение2. n саженец; сеянец; черенок, отводок3. n отпрыск4. n молодой человек; юнец; новичок5. n дубина6. n собир. урожай7. n ростin plant — растущий, в соку
8. n поза; позиция9. n подошва10. n амер. устричная банка; рыбный садок11. n сл. сыщик, шпик12. n сл. полицейская засада, ловушка13. n вор. жарг. укрытие, убежище; «хата»14. n вор. жарг. склад краденого15. n вор. жарг. краденое16. n вор. жарг. обман, мошенничество, надувательство; подвох17. n вор. жарг. приманка18. n вор. жарг. подставное лицосведения, переданные журналисту под видом «просочившихся»
plant shopper — лицо, делающее покупки для всех служащих предприятия
19. n вор. жарг. подброшенная улика20. n вор. жарг. театр. реплика, незначительный эпизод или намёк, который окажется важным позднееafterward we remembered the suicide plant in the second act — позднее мы вспомнили, что во втором действии уже упоминалось самоубийство
21. v сажать; сеять22. v засаживать23. v ставить, вставлять, устанавливатьto plant oneself — стать, занять позицию
24. v разг. всаживать, втыкать25. v разг. наносить удар; ударять с силойriver-run plant — ГЭС, работающая на бытовом стоке
run-of-river plant — ГЭС, работающая на бытовом стоке
26. v разг. спорт. проф. забить гол27. v разг. внедрять, насаждатьput in a plant — вводить в строй завод; внедрять оборудование
28. v разг. внушать29. v разг. основывать30. v разг. поселяться31. v разг. поселять, заселять; колонизировать32. v разг. разводить; пускать33. v разг. ввозить34. v разг. проделывать махинации, обманывать; надувать35. v разг. сл. искусственно повышать содержание проб36. v разг. размещать37. v разг. расставлять38. v сл. приставить39. v сл. подсадить; внедрить, ввести40. v сл. подбрасывать, задаватьto plant questions with friendly journalists — подсказывать вопросы дружественно расположенным журналистам
fail in plant — не прорастать; не давать всходов
41. v сл. неофициально передавать прессе сведения; предавать огласкеshe plants stories about herself with columnists that keep her name constantly before the public — она рассказывает журналистам разные истории о себе, чтобы её не забывала публика
42. v сл. театр. включать, вводить в пьесуplant floor computer — ЭВМ в цехе, цеховая ЭВМ
43. v сл. закрывать; хоронить44. v сл. прятать, укрывать45. v сл. редк. бросить, покинуть46. n завод, фабрика; предприятие47. n станцияhydroelectric plant — гидроэлектростанция, ГЭС
48. n цех49. n собир. заводы50. n установка; оборудование, комплект машинfarming plant — сельскохозяйственное оборудование, комплект сельскохозяйственных машин
51. n агрегат, механизм52. n основные производственные средстваthe sprawling plant of the university — раскинувшийся на большой территории университетский комплекс
53. n капитал, багажСинонимический ряд:1. factory (noun) factory; forge; manufactory; mill; shop; works2. flora (noun) flora; herbage; vegetation3. shrub (noun) bush; flower; shrub; weed4. bury (verb) bury; entomb; inhume; inter; lay away; put away; sepulcher; sepulture; tomb5. cultivate (verb) cultivate; foster; instill6. hide (verb) cache; conceal; cover; ensconce; hide; occult; screen; secrete; stash7. inlay (verb) inlay; insert; inset8. place (verb) place; set; station9. seed (verb) farm; pitch; put in; scatter; seed; sow; startАнтонимический ряд:animal; harvest; mineral; remove -
37 roll
1. n рулонswiveling roll — рулон, установленный на поворотной стойке
expiring roll — подлежащий замене рулон; сработанный рулон
2. n клубок3. n свиток4. n воен. скатка5. n катышек, катыш6. n валик7. n валик пишущей машинкиtape-feed roll — лентопротяжный ролик; лентопротяжный валик
overhang roll — выносной вал каландра; консольный валок
dancer roll loop — петля, образуемая плавающим валиком
8. n булочка9. n разг. булочник, пекарь10. n рулет11. n список; реестр; ведомость12. n воен. именной список личного составаassessment roll — список лиц и имуществ, облагаемых налогом
13. n юр. официальный список адвокатовto strike from the roll — вычеркнуть из списка; лишить адвокатских прав
14. n шотл. юр. список дел, назначенных к слушанию15. n протокол16. n ист. судебный архив на Парк-Лейн17. n вращение, катание18. n крен19. n качание, колыхание20. n походка вразвалку21. n раскатthe distant roll of thunder — отдалённый раскат бой барабана; барабанная дробь
22. n волнистая поверхность23. n рукописная книга24. n пачка денег25. n амер. жарг. деньгиbig roll — большой куш; куча денег
26. n спорт. кувырок27. n спорт. бросок, переворотback flip, stomach roll — переворот назад, с перекатом на грудь
28. n спорт. тех. валок; вал, барабан, цилиндр, ролик, каток29. n спорт. архит. завиток ионической капители30. n спорт. горн. неровности в кровле угольного пластаprofiling roll — профильный валок; профильный вал
31. n спорт. геол. антиклиналь32. n спорт. ав. бочка, двойной переворот через крыло33. n спорт. мягкая папка34. v катить35. v катиться36. v вертеть, вращать37. v вертеться, вращаться38. v катать39. v кататься40. v свёртывать, сворачивать, скатыватьto roll up — закатывать ; скатывать, свёртывать
roll up — скатывать, свёртывать
41. v завёртывать, заворачивать42. v качать, колыхать43. v качаться, колыхаться; волноваться44. v крениться45. v мор. испытывать бортовую качку46. v ходить покачиваясь или вразвалку47. v плавно течь, катить свои волны; струиться48. v клубитьсябыть холмистым, неровным
49. v греметь, грохотать50. v произносить раскатисто, громко51. v звучать52. v выбивать дробь53. v раскатывать54. v полигр. накатывать55. v амер. продвигаться, двигаться вперёд56. v амер. сл. грабить57. v амер. сл. совершать уличное ограбление58. v амер. сл. прикатывать, укатывать59. v амер. сл. трамбовать катком60. v амер. сл. прокатывать; вальцевать, плющить61. v амер. сл. преим. тлв. кино, запускать; готовить к действиюСинонимический ряд:1. crash (noun) crash; peal; roar; rumble; thunderclap2. cylinder (noun) barrel; cylinder; drum; reel; roller; spindle; spool; trundle; tube3. document (noun) catalog; catalogue; document; inventory; list; register; roll call; schedule; scroll4. roster (noun) muster; muster roll; roster5. throw (noun) throw; toss6. boom (verb) boom; growl; grumble; rumble7. coil (verb) coil; curl; twirl; wind8. flow (verb) flow; glide; sail9. furl (verb) furl10. invest (verb) cover; drape; enfold; enswathe; envelop; enwrap; invest; swaddle; swathe; wrap; wrap up11. pitch (verb) cant; lurch; pitch; seesaw; tilt; yaw12. ponder (verb) deliberate; meditate; mull over; muse; ponder; ruminate; turn over13. pour (verb) gush; pour; sluice; stream; surge14. turn (verb) bowl; circle; circumduct; gyrate; gyre; revolve; rotate; spin; turn; wheel; whirl15. wallow (verb) bask; indulge; luxuriate; revel; rollick; wallow; welter16. wander (verb) bat; circumambulate; drift; gad; gallivant; maunder; meander; mooch; ramble; range; roam; rove; straggle; stray; traipse; vagabond; vagabondize; wander17. wave (verb) billow; heave; rock; sway; swing; toss; undulate; wave -
38 stop
1. n остановка, задержкаstop signal — знак, указатель остановки
2. n пауза, перерыв3. n прекращение, конец4. n остановка, место остановки5. n короткое пребывание, остановка6. n помеха, препятствие7. n затор, пробка8. n тех. останов; ограничитель; стопор, упор9. n запрещение, вето; эмбарго10. n знак препинания11. n затыкание, закрываниекоманда останова; кнопка «стоп»
12. n регистр13. n клапан14. n тон, манера говорить15. n прижимание пальца к струнеstop code — код останова; символ остановки
16. n фон. взрывной согласный звук17. n блокировка18. n отражение атаки19. n фото диафрагма20. v останавливать, задерживатьto stop the window rattling — сделать так, чтобы окно не дребезжало
21. v остановиться, чтобы …we stopped to smoke — мы закурили; мы сделали перекур
stop off — остановиться в пути, сделать остановку
22. v остановить, прервать, заставить замолчать23. v останавливаться, замолкать; делать паузу, перерыв24. v удерживать, останавливать, мешать, не давать25. v удерживаться; останавливаться26. v прекращать, кончатьto stop talking — перестать разговаривать, прекращать разговор
27. v прекращаться, кончаться28. v разг. останавливаться, гостить29. v разг. оставатьсяto stop behind — оставаться, когда другие уже ушли
30. v разг. приостанавливать, прекращатьto stop payment — прекратить платежи, обанкротиться
31. v разг. останавливать, блокировать, преграждать32. v разг. перехватывать33. v разг. тормозить, задерживать, останавливать34. v разг. удерживать, вычитать; урезыватьthey stopped ?5 out of his wages — они удержали пять фунтов из его заработной затыкать; заделывать, замазывать, шпаклевать
35. v разг. ставить знаки препинания36. v разг. блокировать, отражать удар37. v разг. отбивать мячи, отбиваться38. v муз. прижимать струну39. v муз. нажимать вентиль, клапан40. v муз. мор. стопорить, закреплять41. v муз. охот. застрелить42. v муз. фото диафрагмироватьСинонимический ряд:1. bar (noun) bar; barricade; barrier; blank wall; block; blockade; fence; hindrance; hurdle; impediment; obstacle; obstruction; roadblock; snag; traverse; wall2. cork (noun) cork; plug; stopper3. end (noun) arrest; cease; cessation; check; close; closing; closure; completion; conclusion; consummation; desistance; desuetude; discontinuance; discontinuation; end; ending; finish; halt; period; termination; terminus; wrap-up4. interlude (noun) interlude; lull; pause5. stay (noun) arrest; cessation; check; cut-off; halt; standstill; stay; stillstand; stoppage6. stopover (noun) depot; layover; respite; sojourn; station; stopover; terminal7. abstain (verb) abstain; desist; forswear; refrain from8. bring up (verb) bring up; draw up; fetch up; haul up; pull up9. cease (verb) abandon; arrest; brake; break; break up; cease; check; conclude; discontinue; end; finish; give over; give up; halt; intermit; knock off; leave off; paralyze; quit; relinquish; restrain; surcease; surrender; terminate; withdrawn10. fill (verb) block; choke; clog; close; congest; fill; obstruct; occlude; plug; stopper11. hinder (verb) delay; frustrate; hinder; impede; intercept; interrupt; preclude; prevent; suppress; thwart12. idle (verb) idle; immobilise; tie up13. rest (verb) rest; stay; tarry; visit14. see (verb) call; come by; drop by; drop in; look in; look up; pop in; run in; see15. stem (verb) stanch; stemАнтонимический ряд:aid; begin; continuation; continue; expedite; farther; hasten; initiate; open; proceed; promote; speed; start -
39 pile
1. стопа, стапель; штабель; кипа; пачка; складывать в стопу; штабелировать2. ворс, шерсть, пухdeep pile — высокая стопа, высокий стапель
delivery pile — приёмный стапель, стопа на приёмном устройстве
3. накладной стапель4. стопа в самонакладеfresh pile — стапель, подготовленный к работе
high pile — высокая стопа, высокий стапель
- 1
- 2
См. также в других словарях:
Feed — Feed, n. 1. That which is eaten; esp., food for beasts; fodder; pasture; hay; grain, ground or whole; as, the best feed for sheep. [1913 Webster] 2. A grazing or pasture ground. Shak. [1913 Webster] 3. An allowance of provender given to a horse,… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
feed — Feed, n. 1. That which is eaten; esp., food for beasts; fodder; pasture; hay; grain, ground or whole; as, the best feed for sheep. [1913 Webster] 2. A grazing or pasture ground. Shak. [1913 Webster] 3. An allowance of provender given to a horse,… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Feed bag — Feed Feed, n. 1. That which is eaten; esp., food for beasts; fodder; pasture; hay; grain, ground or whole; as, the best feed for sheep. [1913 Webster] 2. A grazing or pasture ground. Shak. [1913 Webster] 3. An allowance of provender given to a… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Feed cloth — Feed Feed, n. 1. That which is eaten; esp., food for beasts; fodder; pasture; hay; grain, ground or whole; as, the best feed for sheep. [1913 Webster] 2. A grazing or pasture ground. Shak. [1913 Webster] 3. An allowance of provender given to a… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Feed door — Feed Feed, n. 1. That which is eaten; esp., food for beasts; fodder; pasture; hay; grain, ground or whole; as, the best feed for sheep. [1913 Webster] 2. A grazing or pasture ground. Shak. [1913 Webster] 3. An allowance of provender given to a… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Feed gear — Feed Feed, n. 1. That which is eaten; esp., food for beasts; fodder; pasture; hay; grain, ground or whole; as, the best feed for sheep. [1913 Webster] 2. A grazing or pasture ground. Shak. [1913 Webster] 3. An allowance of provender given to a… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Feed head — Feed Feed, n. 1. That which is eaten; esp., food for beasts; fodder; pasture; hay; grain, ground or whole; as, the best feed for sheep. [1913 Webster] 2. A grazing or pasture ground. Shak. [1913 Webster] 3. An allowance of provender given to a… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Feed heater — Feed Feed, n. 1. That which is eaten; esp., food for beasts; fodder; pasture; hay; grain, ground or whole; as, the best feed for sheep. [1913 Webster] 2. A grazing or pasture ground. Shak. [1913 Webster] 3. An allowance of provender given to a… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Feed motion — Feed Feed, n. 1. That which is eaten; esp., food for beasts; fodder; pasture; hay; grain, ground or whole; as, the best feed for sheep. [1913 Webster] 2. A grazing or pasture ground. Shak. [1913 Webster] 3. An allowance of provender given to a… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Feed pipe — Feed Feed, n. 1. That which is eaten; esp., food for beasts; fodder; pasture; hay; grain, ground or whole; as, the best feed for sheep. [1913 Webster] 2. A grazing or pasture ground. Shak. [1913 Webster] 3. An allowance of provender given to a… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Feed pump — Feed Feed, n. 1. That which is eaten; esp., food for beasts; fodder; pasture; hay; grain, ground or whole; as, the best feed for sheep. [1913 Webster] 2. A grazing or pasture ground. Shak. [1913 Webster] 3. An allowance of provender given to a… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English