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1 pá
1 prep. "on" with reference to contact of surfaces, especially vertical surface in the sense in which a picture hangs on a wall; also used = "touching, as regards, concerning" VT44:26. Another variant gives pá and apa with the meaning on above but touching. 2 Variants of apa "after" VT44:36, which preposition is in one source also ascribed the first meaning here discussed. For Neo-Quenya purposes, pá and pa may be used for "on" or "concerning", whereas apa is used for "after" see entries for apa \#1 and \#2, or pa may also be seen as a shorter form of apa after, as in the phrase yéni pa yéni *years upon years VT44:36 -
2 pa
1 prep. "on" with reference to contact of surfaces, especially vertical surface in the sense in which a picture hangs on a wall; also used = "touching, as regards, concerning" VT44:26. Another variant gives pá and apa with the meaning on above but touching. 2 Variants of apa "after" VT44:36, which preposition is in one source also ascribed the first meaning here discussed. For Neo-Quenya purposes, pá and pa may be used for "on" or "concerning", whereas apa is used for "after" see entries for apa \#1 and \#2, or pa may also be seen as a shorter form of apa after, as in the phrase yéni pa yéni *years upon years VT44:36 -
3 -ina
ending for what Tolkien called "general 'passive' participle" VT43:15; compare nótina counted, rácina broken, hastaina marred q.v.. The stem-vowel is usually lengthened when the ending is added to the stem of a primary verb as in the two first examples above, though the lengthening fails to occur or is not denoted in carina as the passive participle of car- make, do VT43:15. A shorter ending -na also occurs, e.g. nahtana slain VT49:24; the example hastaina marred would suggest that *nahtaina is equally possible. In the example aistana "blessed" VT43:30, -na may be preferred to -ina for euphonic reasons, to avoid creating a second diphthong ai where one already occurs in the previous syllable *aistaina. In PE17:68, the ending -ina is said to be aorist unmarked as regards time and aspect; the same source states that the shorter ending -na is no longer part of verbal conjugation, though it obviously survives in many words that are maybe now to be considered independent adjectives. See -na \#4.
См. также в других словарях:
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