-
21 Gypsies, Portuguese
Since the late 15th century, gypsies or ciganos (Portuguese) have resided in Portugal. Gypsies, whose ancestors originated in India many centuries before, today call themselves Roma. Gypsies have long cultivated a strict social and legal code, as well as their own language and customs. The gypsies speak an ancient language, Romany, which includes elements of Hindi and other languages encountered during their migrations from the east. In 2007, it was estimated that approximately 40,000 gypsies resided in Portugal, primarily near larger urban areas, including Lisbon, Esto- ril, and other cities. In historical tradition, the gypsies were migratory or lived isolated in slums or ghettos and suffered persecution. Among the groups murdered by Adolf Hitler's Nazis before and during World War II were large numbers of gypsies in Germany, Poland, Russia, and other countries. In democratic Portugal, there has been a greater governmental effort to integrate the Roma into Portuguese polity and society by enforcing public school attendance and providing social and health services. Like the Roma of other countries in Western Europe, the Roma of Portugal have become better organized to advocate for their identity, traditions, and civil and human rights. Like other groups of minorities in the country, they have received attention from various organizations of the European Union, as well as from nongovernmental organizations. -
22 Inquisition, Portuguese
Known also as the Holy Office of the Inquisition, Portugal's Inquisition was established in 1536 under King João III and was finally abolished only in 1821. The initial motives for establishing this institution were more political than religious; King João III saw it as an instrument to increase central power and royal control in Portugal. Permission for its foundation was granted by the papacy in Rome, but the Inquisition's judges and officers were appointed by the Portuguese king, not by the papacy. Seven years after its establishment, the Inquisition's first victims were burned at the stake in Évora. Eventually, the Holy Office of the Inquisition became a kind of state within a state, with its own bureaucracy, censors who acted as a "thought police" over the faithful as well as over heretics or dissidents, and police who maintained their own prisons. The period of this infamous institution's greatest power to persecute, prosecute, and execute heretics was during the 16th and 17th centuries. During the administration of the Marquis of Pombal (1750-77), the Inquisition's power was curtailed. By 1821, when it was abolished by reformist governments, the Inquisition no longer had much significance.For centuries, however, the Inquisition generated fear and was able to amass wealth, goods, and property confiscated from victims. In the history of Portuguese politics and culture, the Inquisition has symbolized cruel oppression, the spirit of discrimination, and religious persecution of heretics and minorities, including Jews who were often forcibly converted. It created an era of censorship of intellectual activity, injustice, bigotry, racism, and anti-Semitism, and raised questions about the role and power of the Catholic Church in society and the relationship between the Church and state. Some opponents of the Estado Novo quite justifiably compared the Inquisition's control of free thought and action with that of the Estado Novo in its day. -
23 Castles, Portuguese
"Castles in Spain,' still a common phrase in English, can conjure up romantic images of scenery in neighboring Spain. Although less well known, "Castles in Portugal" are also quite numerous and equally remarkable, romantic, and scenic. Virtually all have been fully restored since the 1930s, when preparations began for the 1940 Double Centenary celebrations. Major Portuguese castles are listed below and several of them have individual entries in this dictionary (noted in boldface type). This is by no means an exhaustive list.Lisbon Region São Jorge Castle Palmella Castle* Belém Tower Moorish Castle, Sintra Pena Palace, Sintra Tagus River ValleyCastle of Torres Novas/Castle of São Filipe (Setúbal)* Castle of Almourol Central/ Southern Portugal Castle of AbrantesCastle of Belver Castle of Silves (Algarve)Castle of Torres Vedras Castle of MarvãoCastle of Óbidos Castle of VideCastle of Peniche Castle of Alter do ChãoCastle of Ourém Castles of ElvasCastles of Tomar Castle of Estremoz*Castle of Pombal Castle of SalirCastle of Montemor-o-Velho Castle of BejaCastle of MértolaCastle of Bode*Castle of Louzã Castle of GuimarãesCastle of Feira Castle of LanhosoCastle of S. João da Foz Castle of MontalegreCastle of Chaves Castle of ValençaCastle of Monção Castle of BragançaCastle of Penedono Castle of Celórico da BeiraCastle of Belmonte Castle of Sabugal*Indicates castle is now a pousada (state inn) where visitors can stay. -
24 American Association of Teachers of Spanish and Portuguese
Abbreviation: AATSP (Американская ассоциация преподавателей испанского и португальского языков (в средней и высшей школе))Универсальный русско-английский словарь > American Association of Teachers of Spanish and Portuguese
-
25 Associac,a~o dos Alcoo'licos Ano^nimos (Portuguese Alcoholics Anonymous Society)
Abbreviation: AAAУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Associac,a~o dos Alcoo'licos Ano^nimos (Portuguese Alcoholics Anonymous Society)
-
26 Brazilian Portuguese
Abbreviation: BPУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Brazilian Portuguese
-
27 Creoles and Pidgins, Portuguese-based
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Creoles and Pidgins, Portuguese-based
-
28 Frango Frito (Portuguese: fried chicken)
Abbreviation: FFУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Frango Frito (Portuguese: fried chicken)
-
29 Naval force comprising Spanish, French, Italian and Portuguese units, under WEU authority
Abbreviation: EUROMARFORУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Naval force comprising Spanish, French, Italian and Portuguese units, under WEU authority
-
30 Teach Yourself Portuguese
Education: TYPУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Teach Yourself Portuguese
-
31 Timor Portuguese
Abbreviation: TP -
32 Flag, Portuguese national
Portugal's national flag was adopted under the First Republic on 19 June 1911. In the center of two fields of bright green and red, which symbolize Portugal's land and the blood shed for the good of the nation, are two shields superimposed on an armillary sphere in yellow. Most significant is the use of the symbol of the armillary sphere, which suggests Portugal's historic role in exploration of the globe and the spirit of scientific discovery. All regimes since the First Republic have adopted this flag unchanged. The armillary sphere was an ancient astronomical device comprised of a globe surrounded by rings, which represented celestial movements and their measurement.Historical dictionary of Portugal > Flag, Portuguese national
-
33 португальський
-
34 bangsa Portugis
Portuguese -
35 portugez
Portuguese -
36 portugaliyalik
Portuguese -
37 portugalin kieli
• portuguese -
38 portugalna
• portuguese -
39 portugalska
• portuguese -
40 portugalski
• portuguese
См. также в других словарях:
Portuguese — is an adjective referring to matters related to Portugal. It may refer to: * Portuguese language, natively spoken in Portugal, Brazil and other countries **Portuguese dialects **Portuguese based creole languages * Portuguese people, a person of… … Wikipedia
Portuguese — Por tu*guese, a. [Cf. F. portugais, Sp. portugues, Pg. portuguez.] Of or pertaining to Portugal, or its inhabitants. n. sing. & pl. A native or inhabitant of Portugal; people of Portugal. [1913 Webster] {Portuguese man of war}. (Zo[ o]l.) See… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Portuguese — [pôr′chə gēz΄, pôr′chəgēs΄; pôr΄chə gēz′, pôr΄chəgēs′] adj. of Portugal or its people, language, or culture n. 1. pl. Portuguese a person born or living in Portugal 2. the Romance language spoken chiefly in Portugal and Brazil … English World dictionary
Portuguese — 1660s, from Port. Portuguez (see PORTUGAL (Cf. Portugal)) … Etymology dictionary
Portuguese — (with two us) is the singular and plural form for the noun meaning a native or national of Portugal, and also the corresponding adjective … Modern English usage
Portuguese — ► NOUN (pl. same) 1) a person from Portugal. 2) the Romance language of Portugal and Brazil. ► ADJECTIVE ▪ relating to Portugal … English terms dictionary
Portuguese — [[t]pɔ͟ː(r)tʃʊgi͟ːz[/t]] ♦♦♦ 1) ADJ Something that is Portuguese belongs or relates to Portugal, or its people, language, or culture. ...a former Portuguese colony. ...a Portuguese woman. ...the Portuguese Grand Prix. 2) N PLURAL: the N The… … English dictionary
Portuguese — /pawr cheuh geez , gees , pohr ; pawr cheuh geez , gees , pohr /, adj., n., pl. Portuguese. adj. 1. of, pertaining to, or characteristic of Portugal, its inhabitants, or their language. n. 2. a native or inhabitant of Portugal. 3. a Romance… … Universalium
Portuguese — Por|tu|guese1 [ ,pɔrtʃə giz ] noun uncount the language that people speak in Portugal. Portuguese is also the official language of Brazil. Portuguese Por|tu|guese 2 [ ,pɔrtʃə giz ] adjective 1. ) someone who is Portuguese is from Portugal a ) the … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
Portuguese — noun (plural Portuguese) Etymology: Portuguese português, adjective & noun, from Portugal Date: 1534 1. a. a native or inhabitant of Portugal b. one who is of Portuguese descent 2. the Romance language of Portugal and Brazil • Portuguese… … New Collegiate Dictionary
Portuguese — 1. adjective /ˌpɔː.tʃəˈɡiːz,ˈpɔɹ.tʃə.ɡiːz/ a) Of or pertaining to the region of Portugal. The British army had already moved over the border and the commander had established his HQ high in the central Portuguese mountains at Viseu. b) Of or… … Wiktionary