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play+chess

  • 101 шахматы

    мн
    chess sg

    игра́ть в ша́хматы — to play chess

    Русско-английский учебный словарь > шахматы

  • 102 Können

    I Modalv.; kann, konnte, hat können
    1. (vermögen) be able to (+ Inf.) (fähig sein zu) be capable of (+ Ger.), be in a position to (+ Inf.) kannst du nicht aufpassen? can’t you look (at) what you’re doing?; er hätte es tun können he could have done it; sie kann mit ihm machen, was sie will she can do what she likes with him, she’s got him twisted round her little finger; du kannst machen, was du willst, es nützt nichts whatever you do it doesn’t make any difference, it’s like banging your head on a brick wall; ich kann das nicht mehr hören I can’t take it any more; er tut, was er kann he does his best; man kann nie wissen you never know; das Stück war ein Reinfall, kann ich dir sagen the play was a real flop, believe you me ( oder I don’t mind telling you)
    2. (dürfen) be allowed to (+ Inf.) er kann gehen he can go; Sie können es mir glauben you can take my word for it; kannst du machen! umg. go ahead; I don’t mind; das kannst du doch nicht machen! you can’t ( oder mustn’t) do that!
    3. (Möglichkeit, Wahrscheinlichkeit) das kann ( schon) sein it’s possible; (es kann stimmen) that may be true; kann sein umg. maybe, perhaps; das kann nicht sein (that’s) impossible; wer kann es gewesen sein? who could it have been?; ich kann mich auch täuschen I may be wrong, of course; du könntest Recht haben you may (well) be right; es kann oder könnte etwas länger dauern it could ( oder might) take a while longer; sie kann jeden Augenblick kommen she could be here any moment; die Idee könnte von mir sein that idea could have been mine
    4. (eine Fertigkeit besitzen) er kann schwimmen he can ( oder knows how to) swim; kannst du Schach spielen? can you ( oder do you) play chess?
    II v/t (hat gekonnt)
    1. ich kann es ( nicht) I can(‘t) do it; er kann es ( gut) he can do it (well); er kann gar nichts he’s useless; sie kann viel, sie kann was umg. she can do a lot of things, she’s very capable; das habe ich früher alles gekonnt I used to be able to do all that; man kann alles, wenn man will you can do anything if you put your mind to it; ich kann nichts dafür I can’t help it; er kann nichts dafür, dass er... he can’t help (+ Ger.); er kann’s mit ihm umg. he gets on (Am. along) all right with him; du kannst mich mal umg. you know what you can do
    2. (Sprache) speak, know; (Gedicht etc.) know; er kann Spanisch he knows ( oder speaks) Spanish; sie kann gut Englisch she speaks good English; kannst du das Gedicht auswendig? do you know the poem by heart?
    III v/i (hat gekonnt) wir können nicht ins Haus we can’t go ( oder get) into the house; so schnell sie konnte as fast as she could; ich kann nicht mehr (bin erschöpft) I can’t go on, I’m whacked (Am. wiped out); (bin satt) I can’t eat any more; betont: I couldn’t eat another thing; psychisch: I can’t take any more; wir konnten nicht mehr ( vor Lachen) umg. we were helpless with laughter; ( erst einmal) können vor Lachen! wouldn’t that be nice (if I could)!; wie konntest du! how could you!
    * * *
    das Können
    knowledge
    * * *
    Kọ̈n|nen
    nt -s, no pl
    ability, skill
    * * *
    1) (to be able to: You can do it if you try hard.) can
    2) (to know how to: Can you drive a car?) can
    3) may
    4) (used instead of `may', eg to make a possibility seem less likely, or a request for permission more polite: He might win if he tries hard; Might I speak to you for a few minutes, please?) might
    5) (used in suggesting that a person is not doing what he should: You might help me clean the car!) might
    * * *
    Kön·nen
    <-s>
    [ˈkœnən]
    nt kein pl ability, skill
    spielerisches/schauspielerisches \Können sportsmanship/acting ability [or skill]
    * * *
    das; Könnens ability; (Kunstfertigkeit) skill
    * * *
    Können n; -s, kein pl ability; (Fertigkeit[en]) skill(s pl);
    sportliches Können sporting ability ( oder prowess)
    * * *
    das; Könnens ability; (Kunstfertigkeit) skill
    * * *
    n.
    intellectual capacity n.
    know-how n.
    savvy (US) n.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Können

  • 103 hear

    1. transitive verb,

    they heard the car drive away — sie hörten den Wagen abfahren

    I can hardly hear myself think/speak — ich kann keinen klaren Gedanken fassen/kann mein eigenes Wort nicht verstehen

    2) (understand) verstehen
    3) (Law) [an]hören; verhandeln [Fall]
    2. intransitive verb,

    hear about somebody/something — von jemandem/etwas [etwas] hören

    he wouldn't hear of it — er wollte nichts davon hören

    3. interjection

    Hear! Hear! — bravo!; richtig!

    Phrasal Verbs:
    - academic.ru/120100/hearout">hearout
    * * *
    [hiə]
    past tense, past participle - heard; verb
    1) (to (be able to) receive( sounds) by ear: I don't hear very well; Speak louder - I can't hear you; I didn't hear you come in.) hören
    2) (to listen to for some purpose: A judge hears court cases; Part of a manager's job is to hear workers' complaints.) anhören
    3) (to receive information, news etc, not only by ear: I've heard that story before; I hear that you're leaving; `Have you heard from your sister?' `Yes, I got a letter from her today'; I've never heard of him - who is he? This is the first I've heard of the plan.) hören
    •
    - hearing
    - hearing-aid
    - hearsay
    - hear! hear! - I
    - he will
    - would not hear of
    * * *
    <heard, heard>
    [hɪəʳ, AM hɪr]
    I. vt
    1. (perceive with ears)
    ▪ to \hear sth/sb etw/jdn hören
    speak up, I can't \hear you sprich lauter, ich kann dich nicht hören
    Jane \heard him go out Jane hörte, wie er hinausging
    2. (be told)
    ▪ to \hear sth etw hören [o erfahren]
    have you \heard the news that she's pregnant? weißt du schon das Neueste? sie ist schwanger!
    we haven't heard anything of Jan for months wir haben seit Monaten nichts von Jan gehört
    ▪ to \hear that/what... hören, dass/was...
    have you \heard what's happened? hast du schon gehört, was passiert ist?
    ▪ to \hear sth sich dat etw anhören; (be there and listen) etw hören
    I \heard the orchestra play at Carnegie Hall ich habe das Orchester in der Carnegie Hall spielen hören
    4. ( form: receive)
    ▪ to \hear sth etw anhören; LAW case etw verhandeln
    the case will be \heard by the High Court der Fall wird vor dem Obersten Gericht verhandelt
    Lord, \hear us/our prayers Herr, erhöre uns/unsere Gebete
    5.
    ▶ to be barely [or hardly] able to \hear oneself think sich akk nur schwer konzentrieren können
    ▶ to never \hear the end of sth sich dat etw noch bis zum Sankt-Nimmerleins-Tag anhören müssen hum
    ▶ to \hear what sb is saying, to \hear sb esp AM ( fam) verstehen, was jd sagt
    yeah, I \hear what you're saying ja, ich weiß [schon], was du meinst
    ▶ to be \hearing things ( fam) sich dat etwas einbilden
    he's offered to wash the dishes — I must be \hearing things! er hat mir angeboten, abzuwaschen — was, ich hör' wohl nicht richtig!
    ▶ to \hear wedding bells ( fam) schon die Hochzeitsglocken läuten hören iron
    II. vi
    it's a terrible line, I can't \hear die Verbindung ist fürchterlich, ich kann nichts hören
    to \hear very well sehr gut hören können
    2. (be told about) etw hören [o erfahren]
    if you haven't \heard by Friday, assume I'm coming wenn du bis Freitag nichts gehört hast, kannst du davon ausgehen, dass ich komme
    have you \heard about Jane getting married? hast du schon gehört, dass Jane heiratet?
    to \hear tell [or say] of sth von etw dat erfahren [o hören]
    ▪ to \hear from sb von jdm hören
    we haven't \heard from her in ages wir haben seit Ewigkeiten nichts von ihr gehört
    you'll be \hearing from my solicitor! Sie werden noch von meinem Anwalt hören!
    3. (know of)
    to have \heard of sb/sth von jdm/etw gehört haben
    do you know Derrida? — I've \heard of him kennen Sie Derrida? — ich habe mal von ihm gehört
    to have never \heard of sb/sth nie von jdm/etw gehört haben
    4.
    ▶ do you \hear? verstehst du/verstehen Sie?, kapiert? sl
    ▶ sb won't \hear of sth jd will von etw dat nichts hören
    ▶ \hear, \hear! ja, genau!, richtig [so]!
    * * *
    [hɪə(r)] pret, ptp heard
    1. vt
    1) (= also learn) hören

    I heard him say that... — ich habe ihn sagen hören, dass...

    there wasn't a sound to be heard —

    he was heard to say that... — man hat ihn sagen hören, dass...

    to make oneself heard — sich (dat) Gehör verschaffen

    you're not going, do you hear me! — du gehst nicht, hörst du (mich)!

    to hear him speak you'd think... — wenn man ihn so reden hört, könnte man meinen,...

    I've often heard say or it said that... — ich habe oft gehört or sagen hören, dass...

    I hear you play chess —

    have you heard the one about...? I hear tell you're going away — (haben Sie) den schon gehört von...? ich höre, Sie gehen weg

    I've been hearing things about you — von dir hört man ja schöne Dinge

    I must be hearing things — ich glaube, ich höre nicht richtig

    2) (= listen to) lecture, programme etc hören

    Lord, hear our prayer Lord, hear us let's hear your prayers before you go to sleep — Herr, (er)höre unser Gebet Herr, erhöre uns wir wollen beten, bevor du schläfst

    2. vi
    1) (physically) hören

    hear, hear! — (sehr) richtig!; (Parl) hört!, hört!

    2) (= get news) hören

    he's left his wife – yes, so I hear —

    have you heard about John? he's getting married —

    never heard of him/it —

    I hear about nothing else ( but that)! — ich höre überhaupt nichts anderes mehr!

    * * *
    hear [hıə(r)] prät und pperf heard [hɜːd; US hɜrd]
    A v/t
    1. hören:
    I hear him laugh(ing) ich höre ihn lachen;
    I couldn’t hear myself talk ich verstand mein eigenes Wort nicht mehr;
    make o.s. heard sich Gehör verschaffen;
    let’s hear it for … einen Applaus für …
    2. etwas hören, erfahren ( beide:
    about, of von, über akk):
    from what I’ve heard soviel ich gehört habe;
    did you hear the one about …? kennst du den von …?
    3. jemanden anhören, jemandem zuhören:
    are you hearing me? hörst du mir überhaupt zu?;
    hear sb out jemanden bis zum Ende anhören, jemanden ausreden lassen
    4. (an)hören:
    hear a concert sich ein Konzert anhören; → confession 4, Mass2 1
    5. eine Bitte, ein Gebet etc erhören:
    hear sb’s prayers auch jemanden erhören
    6. hören auf (akk), jemandes Rat folgen
    7. JUR
    a) jemanden vernehmen, -hören
    b) (über) einen Fall verhandeln:
    hear and decide a case über eine Sache befinden; → evidence A 2 b
    8. einen Schüler, das Gelernte abhören
    B v/i
    1. hören:
    hear say sagen hören ( that dass);
    I have heard tell of it umg ich habe davon sprechen hören;
    he would not hear of it er wollte nichts davon hören oder wissen;
    hear! hear!
    a) bravo!, sehr richtig!,
    b) iron hört! hört!
    2. hören, erfahren ( beide:
    about, of von), Nachricht(en) erhalten ( from von):
    I haven’t heard from him since then ich habe seit damals nichts mehr von ihm gehört;
    so I have heard, so I hear das habe ich gehört;
    you will hear of this! umg das wirst du mir büßen!
    * * *
    1. transitive verb,

    I can hardly hear myself think/speak — ich kann keinen klaren Gedanken fassen/kann mein eigenes Wort nicht verstehen

    2) (understand) verstehen
    3) (Law) [an]hören; verhandeln [Fall]
    2. intransitive verb,

    hear about somebody/something — von jemandem/etwas [etwas] hören

    3. interjection

    Hear! Hear! — bravo!; richtig!

    Phrasal Verbs:
    * * *
    v.
    (§ p.,p.p.: heard)
    = hören v.
    vernehmen v.

    English-german dictionary > hear

  • 104 сражаться

    сразиться
    1. (с тв.; вести бой) fight* (d.); сов. тж. join battle (with)
    2. (в вн.) шутл. ( играть с азартом) play (d.); несов. тж. have a game (of)

    Русско-английский словарь Смирнитского > сражаться

  • 105 massacrer

    massacrer [masakʀe]
    ➭ TABLE 1
    1. transitive verb
       a. ( = tuer) [+ personnes] to massacre ; [+ animaux] to slaughter
       b. ( = saboter) (inf) [+ opéra, pièce] to murder ; [+ travail] to make a mess of ; ( = mal découper, scier) [+ viande, planche] to hack to bits
       c. ( = vaincre) [+ adversaire] (inf) to massacre
       d. ( = éreinter) [+ œuvre, auteur] (inf) to tear to pieces
    2. reflexive verb
    * * *
    masakʀe
    1) ( tuer) to slaughter
    2) (colloq) ( écraser) to slaughter (colloq) [adversaire]
    3) (colloq) ( abîmer) to wreck
    4) (colloq) ( maltraiter) to make a complete mess of [musique]; to botch [travail]
    5) (colloq) ( critiquer) to savage GB, to trash US [auteur, œuvre]
    * * *
    masakʀe vt
    1) (= tuer) to massacre, to slaughter
    2) fig, [adversaire] to slaughter, [texte] to murder
    * * *
    massacrer verb table: aimer
    A vtr
    1 ( tuer) to massacre, to slaughter [personnes]; to slaughter [animaux];
    2 ○( battre à plate couture) to slaughter○, to make mincemeat of○ [adversaire]; se faire massacrer to be slaughtered ou thrashed;
    3 ○( abîmer) to wreck, to ruin; ( en taillant) to hack [sth] about;
    4 ○( maltraiter) to make a complete mess of [poème, musique]; to botch [travail, traduction]; il massacre le français his French is atrocious;
    5 ○( critiquer) to savage GB, to trash US [auteur, œuvre].
    1 [ennemis] lit, fig to slaughter one another;
    2 ○(se taillader, s'écorcher) elle s'est massacré les mains dans les ronces she cut her hands to ribbons in the brambles.
    [masakre] verbe transitif
    1. [tuer - animal, personne] to slaughter, to massacre, to butcher
    2. (familier) [vaincre facilement - adversaire] to make mincemeat of, to massacre, to slaughter
    3. (familier) [critiquer] to slate (UK), to pan
    4. (familier) [gâcher - concerto, pièce de théâtre] to murder, to make a mess of ; [ - langue] to murder
    [bâcler - travail] to make a mess ou hash of, to botch (up) (separable), to make a pig's ear (out) of

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > massacrer

  • 106 сражаться

    несов. - сража́ться, сов. - срази́ться
    1) (с тв.; вести бой) fight (d); сов. тж. join battle (with)
    2) (с тв.; решительно противодействовать) fight (with), combat (d)

    сража́ться с престу́пностью — combat crime

    3) шутл. (в вн.; играть с азартом) play (d); сов. тж. have a game (of)

    сража́ться в ша́хматы — play chess

    Новый большой русско-английский словарь > сражаться

  • 107 Artificial Intelligence

       In my opinion, none of [these programs] does even remote justice to the complexity of human mental processes. Unlike men, "artificially intelligent" programs tend to be single minded, undistractable, and unemotional. (Neisser, 1967, p. 9)
       Future progress in [artificial intelligence] will depend on the development of both practical and theoretical knowledge.... As regards theoretical knowledge, some have sought a unified theory of artificial intelligence. My view is that artificial intelligence is (or soon will be) an engineering discipline since its primary goal is to build things. (Nilsson, 1971, pp. vii-viii)
       Most workers in AI [artificial intelligence] research and in related fields confess to a pronounced feeling of disappointment in what has been achieved in the last 25 years. Workers entered the field around 1950, and even around 1960, with high hopes that are very far from being realized in 1972. In no part of the field have the discoveries made so far produced the major impact that was then promised.... In the meantime, claims and predictions regarding the potential results of AI research had been publicized which went even farther than the expectations of the majority of workers in the field, whose embarrassments have been added to by the lamentable failure of such inflated predictions....
       When able and respected scientists write in letters to the present author that AI, the major goal of computing science, represents "another step in the general process of evolution"; that possibilities in the 1980s include an all-purpose intelligence on a human-scale knowledge base; that awe-inspiring possibilities suggest themselves based on machine intelligence exceeding human intelligence by the year 2000 [one has the right to be skeptical]. (Lighthill, 1972, p. 17)
       4) Just as Astronomy Succeeded Astrology, the Discovery of Intellectual Processes in Machines Should Lead to a Science, Eventually
       Just as astronomy succeeded astrology, following Kepler's discovery of planetary regularities, the discoveries of these many principles in empirical explorations on intellectual processes in machines should lead to a science, eventually. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 11)
       Many problems arise in experiments on machine intelligence because things obvious to any person are not represented in any program. One can pull with a string, but one cannot push with one.... Simple facts like these caused serious problems when Charniak attempted to extend Bobrow's "Student" program to more realistic applications, and they have not been faced up to until now. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 77)
       What do we mean by [a symbolic] "description"? We do not mean to suggest that our descriptions must be made of strings of ordinary language words (although they might be). The simplest kind of description is a structure in which some features of a situation are represented by single ("primitive") symbols, and relations between those features are represented by other symbols-or by other features of the way the description is put together. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 11)
       [AI is] the use of computer programs and programming techniques to cast light on the principles of intelligence in general and human thought in particular. (Boden, 1977, p. 5)
       The word you look for and hardly ever see in the early AI literature is the word knowledge. They didn't believe you have to know anything, you could always rework it all.... In fact 1967 is the turning point in my mind when there was enough feeling that the old ideas of general principles had to go.... I came up with an argument for what I called the primacy of expertise, and at the time I called the other guys the generalists. (Moses, quoted in McCorduck, 1979, pp. 228-229)
       9) Artificial Intelligence Is Psychology in a Particularly Pure and Abstract Form
       The basic idea of cognitive science is that intelligent beings are semantic engines-in other words, automatic formal systems with interpretations under which they consistently make sense. We can now see why this includes psychology and artificial intelligence on a more or less equal footing: people and intelligent computers (if and when there are any) turn out to be merely different manifestations of the same underlying phenomenon. Moreover, with universal hardware, any semantic engine can in principle be formally imitated by a computer if only the right program can be found. And that will guarantee semantic imitation as well, since (given the appropriate formal behavior) the semantics is "taking care of itself" anyway. Thus we also see why, from this perspective, artificial intelligence can be regarded as psychology in a particularly pure and abstract form. The same fundamental structures are under investigation, but in AI, all the relevant parameters are under direct experimental control (in the programming), without any messy physiology or ethics to get in the way. (Haugeland, 1981b, p. 31)
       There are many different kinds of reasoning one might imagine:
        Formal reasoning involves the syntactic manipulation of data structures to deduce new ones following prespecified rules of inference. Mathematical logic is the archetypical formal representation. Procedural reasoning uses simulation to answer questions and solve problems. When we use a program to answer What is the sum of 3 and 4? it uses, or "runs," a procedural model of arithmetic. Reasoning by analogy seems to be a very natural mode of thought for humans but, so far, difficult to accomplish in AI programs. The idea is that when you ask the question Can robins fly? the system might reason that "robins are like sparrows, and I know that sparrows can fly, so robins probably can fly."
        Generalization and abstraction are also natural reasoning process for humans that are difficult to pin down well enough to implement in a program. If one knows that Robins have wings, that Sparrows have wings, and that Blue jays have wings, eventually one will believe that All birds have wings. This capability may be at the core of most human learning, but it has not yet become a useful technique in AI.... Meta- level reasoning is demonstrated by the way one answers the question What is Paul Newman's telephone number? You might reason that "if I knew Paul Newman's number, I would know that I knew it, because it is a notable fact." This involves using "knowledge about what you know," in particular, about the extent of your knowledge and about the importance of certain facts. Recent research in psychology and AI indicates that meta-level reasoning may play a central role in human cognitive processing. (Barr & Feigenbaum, 1981, pp. 146-147)
       Suffice it to say that programs already exist that can do things-or, at the very least, appear to be beginning to do things-which ill-informed critics have asserted a priori to be impossible. Examples include: perceiving in a holistic as opposed to an atomistic way; using language creatively; translating sensibly from one language to another by way of a language-neutral semantic representation; planning acts in a broad and sketchy fashion, the details being decided only in execution; distinguishing between different species of emotional reaction according to the psychological context of the subject. (Boden, 1981, p. 33)
       Can the synthesis of Man and Machine ever be stable, or will the purely organic component become such a hindrance that it has to be discarded? If this eventually happens-and I have... good reasons for thinking that it must-we have nothing to regret and certainly nothing to fear. (Clarke, 1984, p. 243)
       The thesis of GOFAI... is not that the processes underlying intelligence can be described symbolically... but that they are symbolic. (Haugeland, 1985, p. 113)
        14) Artificial Intelligence Provides a Useful Approach to Psychological and Psychiatric Theory Formation
       It is all very well formulating psychological and psychiatric theories verbally but, when using natural language (even technical jargon), it is difficult to recognise when a theory is complete; oversights are all too easily made, gaps too readily left. This is a point which is generally recognised to be true and it is for precisely this reason that the behavioural sciences attempt to follow the natural sciences in using "classical" mathematics as a more rigorous descriptive language. However, it is an unfortunate fact that, with a few notable exceptions, there has been a marked lack of success in this application. It is my belief that a different approach-a different mathematics-is needed, and that AI provides just this approach. (Hand, quoted in Hand, 1985, pp. 6-7)
       We might distinguish among four kinds of AI.
       Research of this kind involves building and programming computers to perform tasks which, to paraphrase Marvin Minsky, would require intelligence if they were done by us. Researchers in nonpsychological AI make no claims whatsoever about the psychological realism of their programs or the devices they build, that is, about whether or not computers perform tasks as humans do.
       Research here is guided by the view that the computer is a useful tool in the study of mind. In particular, we can write computer programs or build devices that simulate alleged psychological processes in humans and then test our predictions about how the alleged processes work. We can weave these programs and devices together with other programs and devices that simulate different alleged mental processes and thereby test the degree to which the AI system as a whole simulates human mentality. According to weak psychological AI, working with computer models is a way of refining and testing hypotheses about processes that are allegedly realized in human minds.
    ... According to this view, our minds are computers and therefore can be duplicated by other computers. Sherry Turkle writes that the "real ambition is of mythic proportions, making a general purpose intelligence, a mind." (Turkle, 1984, p. 240) The authors of a major text announce that "the ultimate goal of AI research is to build a person or, more humbly, an animal." (Charniak & McDermott, 1985, p. 7)
       Research in this field, like strong psychological AI, takes seriously the functionalist view that mentality can be realized in many different types of physical devices. Suprapsychological AI, however, accuses strong psychological AI of being chauvinisticof being only interested in human intelligence! Suprapsychological AI claims to be interested in all the conceivable ways intelligence can be realized. (Flanagan, 1991, pp. 241-242)
        16) Determination of Relevance of Rules in Particular Contexts
       Even if the [rules] were stored in a context-free form the computer still couldn't use them. To do that the computer requires rules enabling it to draw on just those [ rules] which are relevant in each particular context. Determination of relevance will have to be based on further facts and rules, but the question will again arise as to which facts and rules are relevant for making each particular determination. One could always invoke further facts and rules to answer this question, but of course these must be only the relevant ones. And so it goes. It seems that AI workers will never be able to get started here unless they can settle the problem of relevance beforehand by cataloguing types of context and listing just those facts which are relevant in each. (Dreyfus & Dreyfus, 1986, p. 80)
       Perhaps the single most important idea to artificial intelligence is that there is no fundamental difference between form and content, that meaning can be captured in a set of symbols such as a semantic net. (G. Johnson, 1986, p. 250)
        18) The Assumption That the Mind Is a Formal System
       Artificial intelligence is based on the assumption that the mind can be described as some kind of formal system manipulating symbols that stand for things in the world. Thus it doesn't matter what the brain is made of, or what it uses for tokens in the great game of thinking. Using an equivalent set of tokens and rules, we can do thinking with a digital computer, just as we can play chess using cups, salt and pepper shakers, knives, forks, and spoons. Using the right software, one system (the mind) can be mapped into the other (the computer). (G. Johnson, 1986, p. 250)
        19) A Statement of the Primary and Secondary Purposes of Artificial Intelligence
       The primary goal of Artificial Intelligence is to make machines smarter.
       The secondary goals of Artificial Intelligence are to understand what intelligence is (the Nobel laureate purpose) and to make machines more useful (the entrepreneurial purpose). (Winston, 1987, p. 1)
       The theoretical ideas of older branches of engineering are captured in the language of mathematics. We contend that mathematical logic provides the basis for theory in AI. Although many computer scientists already count logic as fundamental to computer science in general, we put forward an even stronger form of the logic-is-important argument....
       AI deals mainly with the problem of representing and using declarative (as opposed to procedural) knowledge. Declarative knowledge is the kind that is expressed as sentences, and AI needs a language in which to state these sentences. Because the languages in which this knowledge usually is originally captured (natural languages such as English) are not suitable for computer representations, some other language with the appropriate properties must be used. It turns out, we think, that the appropriate properties include at least those that have been uppermost in the minds of logicians in their development of logical languages such as the predicate calculus. Thus, we think that any language for expressing knowledge in AI systems must be at least as expressive as the first-order predicate calculus. (Genesereth & Nilsson, 1987, p. viii)
        21) Perceptual Structures Can Be Represented as Lists of Elementary Propositions
       In artificial intelligence studies, perceptual structures are represented as assemblages of description lists, the elementary components of which are propositions asserting that certain relations hold among elements. (Chase & Simon, 1988, p. 490)
       Artificial intelligence (AI) is sometimes defined as the study of how to build and/or program computers to enable them to do the sorts of things that minds can do. Some of these things are commonly regarded as requiring intelligence: offering a medical diagnosis and/or prescription, giving legal or scientific advice, proving theorems in logic or mathematics. Others are not, because they can be done by all normal adults irrespective of educational background (and sometimes by non-human animals too), and typically involve no conscious control: seeing things in sunlight and shadows, finding a path through cluttered terrain, fitting pegs into holes, speaking one's own native tongue, and using one's common sense. Because it covers AI research dealing with both these classes of mental capacity, this definition is preferable to one describing AI as making computers do "things that would require intelligence if done by people." However, it presupposes that computers could do what minds can do, that they might really diagnose, advise, infer, and understand. One could avoid this problematic assumption (and also side-step questions about whether computers do things in the same way as we do) by defining AI instead as "the development of computers whose observable performance has features which in humans we would attribute to mental processes." This bland characterization would be acceptable to some AI workers, especially amongst those focusing on the production of technological tools for commercial purposes. But many others would favour a more controversial definition, seeing AI as the science of intelligence in general-or, more accurately, as the intellectual core of cognitive science. As such, its goal is to provide a systematic theory that can explain (and perhaps enable us to replicate) both the general categories of intentionality and the diverse psychological capacities grounded in them. (Boden, 1990b, pp. 1-2)
       Because the ability to store data somewhat corresponds to what we call memory in human beings, and because the ability to follow logical procedures somewhat corresponds to what we call reasoning in human beings, many members of the cult have concluded that what computers do somewhat corresponds to what we call thinking. It is no great difficulty to persuade the general public of that conclusion since computers process data very fast in small spaces well below the level of visibility; they do not look like other machines when they are at work. They seem to be running along as smoothly and silently as the brain does when it remembers and reasons and thinks. On the other hand, those who design and build computers know exactly how the machines are working down in the hidden depths of their semiconductors. Computers can be taken apart, scrutinized, and put back together. Their activities can be tracked, analyzed, measured, and thus clearly understood-which is far from possible with the brain. This gives rise to the tempting assumption on the part of the builders and designers that computers can tell us something about brains, indeed, that the computer can serve as a model of the mind, which then comes to be seen as some manner of information processing machine, and possibly not as good at the job as the machine. (Roszak, 1994, pp. xiv-xv)
       The inner workings of the human mind are far more intricate than the most complicated systems of modern technology. Researchers in the field of artificial intelligence have been attempting to develop programs that will enable computers to display intelligent behavior. Although this field has been an active one for more than thirty-five years and has had many notable successes, AI researchers still do not know how to create a program that matches human intelligence. No existing program can recall facts, solve problems, reason, learn, and process language with human facility. This lack of success has occurred not because computers are inferior to human brains but rather because we do not yet know in sufficient detail how intelligence is organized in the brain. (Anderson, 1995, p. 2)

    Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Artificial Intelligence

  • 108 играть в шахматы

    to play chess

    Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > играть в шахматы

  • 109 know

    1. [nəʋ] n
    знание

    to be in the know - разг. быть в курсе дела

    2. [nəʋ] v (knew; known)
    1. знать, иметь понятие или представление; быть в курсе дела

    to know smb.'s peculiarities [smb.'s habits, smb.'s character, oneself] - знать чьи-л. особенности [чьи-л. привычки, чей-л. характер, самого себя]

    to know positively that - быть уверенным в том, что; знать наверняка, что

    to know all about smth. - знать всё о чём-л.; быть полностью в курсе дела относительно чего-л.

    to know of smb. who will do the work - знать человека, который может выполнить эту работу

    to know smth. against smb. - знать что-л. компрометирующее кого-л.

    I do not know how it was done - понятия не имею, как это сделали /это было сделано/

    the place is known to me alone - это место известно мне одному /только мне/

    I don't know if you'll like it - не знаю, понравится ли вам это

    I don't know whether he is here - мне неизвестно /я не знаю/, здесь ли он

    how do I know? - откуда мне знать?

    how did you come to know of it? - как получилось, что вы об этом узнали?

    as far as I know - насколько мне известно /я знаю/

    to make smth. known to smb. - довести что-л. до чьего-л. сведения

    Heaven only knows! - одному небу /богу/ известно!

    let me know - сообщите мне, дайте мне знать

    let me know when [where, how] it happened - поставьте меня в известность (о том), когда [где, как] это случилось

    not that I know of it - мне об этом ничего не известно, у меня об этом нет никаких сведений

    2. знать, обладать знаниями, разбираться, быть сведущим (в чём-л., в какой-л. области)

    a man who knows - знающий /сведущий/ человек

    to know smth. thoroughly [superficially, insufficiently] - знать что-л. глубоко [поверхностно, недостаточно]

    to know one's lesson [one's part, the multiplication tables] - знать урок [свою роль, таблицу умножения]

    to know the law - быть сведущим в вопросах права, знать законы

    to know music [poetry] - понимать музыку [поэзию], разбираться в музыке [поэзии]

    to know smth. by heart - знать что-л. наизусть

    to know smth. by /from/ experience [hearsay] - знать что-л. по опыту [понаслышке]

    I am not guessing, I know - я не гадаю, я знаю

    father knows best - отец знает (как надо поступать) лучше нас; ≅ надо слушаться отца

    3. уметь, знать (как сделать что-л.); обладать умением

    to know how to play chess [to read, to swim, to behave] - уметь играть в шахматы [читать, плавать, вести себя]

    he would do it if he knew how - он бы сделал это, если бы умел

    all one knows - всё, что умеешь /можешь/

    4. осознавать, понимать

    the summer was gone before I knew - не успел я оглянуться, как лето прошло

    he doesn't know his own mind - он сам не знает, чего хочет

    we know a soldier by the clothes he wears - мы узнаём военнослужащего по одежде

    5. испытать, пережить

    to know poverty [sorrow] - знать нужду [горе]

    6. 1) быть знакомым (с кем-л.); знать (кого-л.); познакомиться (с кем-л.)

    to know smb. intimately [officially] - быть в близких [официальных] отношениях с кем-л.

    to know smb. personally - быть лично знакомым с кем-л.

    to know smb. from a photograph - знать кого-л. по фотографии

    to get to know smb. better - ближе познакомиться с кем-л.

    to make oneself known to smb. - представиться кому-л.

    2) обыкн. pass быть известным

    he is known to the police - полиции он известен, он в полиции на учёте

    the drug is commercially known as... - это лекарство продаётся под названием...

    3) обыкн. pass пользоваться известностью

    to become known - становиться известным; приобретать известность

    he is known as a successful lawyer - он пользуется репутацией преуспевающего юриста

    known to the world, internationally known - известный всему миру, пользующийся мировой известностью

    7. 1) узнавать, опознавать

    to know smb. by his voice [by his walk] - узнать кого-л. по голосу [по походке]

    to know smb. at a distance - узнать кого-л. на расстоянии

    2) отличать, различать

    to know a friend from a foe [good from evil] - отличать друга от врага [добро от зла]

    to know a good thing when one sees it - понимать, что хорошо и что плохо, разбираться в чём-л.

    8. библ. познать ( женщину)

    ♢ what do you know? - а) что нового?; как дела?; б) да что вы!; нет, вы видали такое! ( выражает удивление)

    you know, don't you know? - видишь ли, (ты) знаешь, понимаешь ли, (ты) понимаешь?

    you know who did it! - представь себе, кто это сделал!

    I want to know! - да ну; неужели!, не может быть!

    what do you know (about that)! - никогда бы не подумал!, удивительно!, удивительное дело!

    to know what's what - понимать что к чему; разбираться в чём-л.

    to know a thing or two - кое в чём разбираться, знать что к чему

    to know better than that, to know better than do smth. - быть не настолько глупым, чтобы сделать что-л.

    to know how many beans make five - знать в чём-л. толк, знать что к чему; быть себе на уме

    not to know B from a bull's foot - ни аза не знать /не понимать/; не разбираться в элементарных вещах

    before you know where you are - ≅ в два счёта; и ахнуть не успел

    for all I know - может быть, почём знать, кто его знает

    to know the time of day - а) быть настороже /наготове, начеку/; б) = to know the ropes

    to know the ropes, to know one's way about - быть искушённым (в чём-л.); знать все ходы и выходы

    not to know enough to come in out of the rain - амер. плохо соображать, не отличаться смекалкой; быть тупицей

    to know one's stuff, to know one's onions - ≅ знать что-л. назубок

    НБАРС > know

  • 110 уметь играть в шахматы

    General subject: know how to play chess

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > уметь играть в шахматы

  • 111 under one's own stream

    идиом.
    собственными усилиями
    без посторонней помощи

    ||He learned to play chess under his own stream. — Он научился играть в шахматы без посторонней помощи.

    Англо-русский универсальный дополнительный практический переводческий словарь И. Мостицкого > under one's own stream

  • 112 itchy

    adjective (itching: an itchy rash; I feel itchy all over.) que pica
    tr['ɪʧɪ]
    adjective (comp itchier, superl itchiest)
    1 que pica
    \
    SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL
    to feel itchy picar, tener picor
    to get/have itchy feet tener ganas de viajar
    itchy ['ɪʧi] adj, itchier ; - est : que pica, que da comezón
    adj.
    • picante adj.
    • sarnoso, -a adj.
    'ɪtʃi
    adjective itchier, itchiest

    I've got an itchy nose/scalp — me pica la nariz/la cabeza

    b) ( causing irritation) <garment/material> que pica
    ['ɪtʃɪ]
    ADJ (compar itchier) (superl itchiest)
    1) (=irritated) [eyes, skin, scalp] irritado; [rash] que produce picor

    itchy eyes caused by hay fever — ojos mpl irritados a causa de la fiebre del heno

    my head is itchy — me pica la cabeza; (less frequent) tengo picazón or comezón en la cabeza

    she felt all itchy, she felt itchy all over — le picaba todo

    - have itchy feet

    to have itchy fingers —

    I was getting itchy fingers, watching the two of them play chess — viéndolos a los dos jugar al ajedrez me estaban entrando ganas a mí

    to have an itchy palm —

    2) (=irritating) [sweater, material] que pica
    * * *
    ['ɪtʃi]
    adjective itchier, itchiest

    I've got an itchy nose/scalp — me pica la nariz/la cabeza

    b) ( causing irritation) <garment/material> que pica

    English-spanish dictionary > itchy

  • 113 sometimes

    adverb (occasionally: He sometimes goes to America; He goes to America sometimes; Sometimes he seems very forgetful.) a veces
    sometimes n a veces
    tr['sʌmtaɪmz]
    1 a veces, de vez en cuando
    sometimes ['sʌm.taɪmz] adv
    : a veces, algunas veces, de vez en cuando
    adv.
    • a veces adv.
    • algunas veces adv.
    'sʌmtaɪmz
    adverb a veces, algunas veces
    ['sʌmtaɪmz]
    ADV a veces
    * * *
    ['sʌmtaɪmz]
    adverb a veces, algunas veces

    English-spanish dictionary > sometimes

  • 114 Mitspieler

    m, Mitspielerin f player; SPORT, in einer Mannschaft: team-mate; THEAT. member of the (supporting) cast; die Mitspieler the other players (THEAT. actors)
    * * *
    der Mitspieler
    teammate
    * * *
    Mịt|spie|ler(in)
    m(f) (SPORT)
    player; (THEAT) member of the cast

    seine Mitspieler (Sport) — his team-mates; (Theat) the other members of the cast

    * * *
    Mit·spie·ler(in)
    2. THEAT (zusammen auftretender Schauspieler) fellow actor, member of the cast
    3. (jd, der mitspielt) other player
    ich suche noch eine \Mitspielerin für ein Schachspiel I'm looking for someone to play chess with
    4. LING actant
    * * *
    der, Mitspielerin die player; (in derselben Mannschaft) team-mate
    * * *
    Mitspieler m, Mitspielerin f player; SPORT, in einer Mannschaft: team-mate; THEAT member of the (supporting) cast;
    die Mitspieler the other players (THEAT actors)
    * * *
    * * *
    m.
    team members n.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Mitspieler

  • 115 correspondencia

    f.
    1 correspondence.
    2 correspondence (correo).
    mantengo correspondencia con ella she and I write to each other
    ¿te importaría recogerme mi correspondencia? would you mind picking up my post o (British) mail for me? (United States)
    3 connection.
    próxima estación, Sol, correspondencia con línea tres next stop Sol, change here for line three
    4 mail, letters, correspondence.
    * * *
    1 (gen) correspondence
    2 (cartas) post, US mail
    3 (de trenes etc) connection
    \
    mantener correspondencia con alguien to correspond with somebody
    curso por correspondencia correspondence course
    * * *
    noun f.
    1) correspondence, mail
    * * *
    SF
    1) (=cartas) mail, post

    despachar la correspondencia — to deal with o attend to the mail

    2) (=relación por correo) correspondence
    3) [en el metro] connection

    "correspondencia con las líneas 3 y 5" — "change here for lines 3 and 5"

    4) (=relación recíproca) correspondence
    5) (Mat) correspondence
    * * *
    1)
    a) ( relación por correo) correspondence
    b) ( cartas) mail, post (BrE)
    2) ( equivalencia) correspondence
    3) ( en el metro) interchange
    * * *
    1)
    a) ( relación por correo) correspondence
    b) ( cartas) mail, post (BrE)
    2) ( equivalencia) correspondence
    3) ( en el metro) interchange
    * * *
    correspondencia1
    1 = match, consonance, correspondence.
    Nota: Relación.

    Ex: When documents relevant to a request have been located, a match has been achieved between the information requested and the information retrieved.

    Ex: The system is designed to ensure consonance between the indexer and the user.
    Ex: Throughout, the key issue addressed is the correspondence problem, ie how to associate visual events with words and vice versa.
    * correspondencia absoluta = perfect match.
    * correspondencia de rasgos = feature matching.
    * falta de correspondencia = mismatch.
    * guardar correspondencia = bear + correspondence (to).
    * tener correspondencia = bear + correspondence (to).

    correspondencia2
    2 = correspondence, mailing.

    Ex: Almost all papers, notes reviews, corrections and correspondence published in many scientific and other journals contain citations to associated works.

    Ex: Many publishers seem fixated on the term 'acquisitions librarian' for promotional mailings.
    * amigo por correspondencia = penfriend [pen-friend], pen-pal [penpal].
    * correspondencia comercial = business correspondence.
    * curso por correspondencia = correspondence course.
    * dirección para correspondencia = mailing address.
    * lista de correspondencia = mailing list.

    * * *
    A
    1 (relación por correo) correspondence
    mantenemos correspondencia we stay in contact o touch by letter, we keep up a correspondence ( frml)
    mantiene correspondencia con chicos extranjeros he corresponds with penfriends in other countries
    2 (cartas) mail, post ( BrE)
    abrir la correspondencia to open the mail o post
    despachar la correspondencia to deal with o attend to the mail o post
    correspondencia comercial business correspondence
    B
    1 (equivalencia) correspondence
    2 ( Mat) correspondence, mapping
    C (en el metro) interchange
    esta estación tiene correspondencia con la línea tres you can change to line three at this station
    * * *

     

    correspondencia sustantivo femenino

    ( cartas) mail, post (BrE);


    correspondencia sustantivo femenino
    1 (cartas) correspondence
    2 Ferroc connection
    ' correspondencia' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    escribirse
    - estampar
    - señor
    - señora
    - Sres.
    - curso
    - desfase
    - despachar
    - Fdo
    - interceptar
    - mantener
    - relación
    English:
    correspondence
    - correspondence course
    - dear
    - fan mail
    - give
    - mail
    - correspond
    - first
    - pen pal
    * * *
    1. [relación] correspondence;
    no hay correspondencia entre la calidad y el precio there is no relation between the quality and the price
    2. [correo] correspondence;
    mantengo correspondencia con ella she and I write to each other;
    ¿te importaría recogerme mi correspondencia? would you mind picking up my Br post o US mail for me?
    3. [de metro, tren] connection;
    este tren tiene correspondencia con el de las 8 horas this train connects with the one at 8 o'clock;
    próxima estación, Sol, correspondencia con línea 3 next stop Sol, change here for line 3
    4. Mat correspondence
    * * *
    f
    1 correspondence
    2 TRANSP connection ( con with)
    * * *
    1) : correspondence, mail
    2) : equivalence
    3) : connection, interchange
    * * *
    1. (correo) correspondence / post
    ¿has recogido la correspondencia? have you collected the post?
    2. (relación) relation
    3. (transportes) connection

    Spanish-English dictionary > correspondencia

  • 116 know

    1. n
    знання

    to be in the know — розм. бути обізнаним; бути в курсі справи

    2. v (past knew; p.p. known)
    1) знати; мати уявлення; бути в курсі справи; бути обізнаним

    let me know — повідомте мене, дайте мені знати

    2) мати знання, розбиратися
    3) уміти, мати уміння
    4) усвідомлювати, розуміти
    5) зазнати, пережити
    6) бути знайомим (з кимсь), знати (когось); познайомитися (з кимсь)

    to know smb. personally — бути особисто знайомим з кимсь

    7) звич. pass. бути відомим, користуватися популярністю

    to be known to the world — бути відомим усьому світові; користуватися світовою популярністю

    8) пізнавати, упізнавати, розпізнавати
    9) відрізняти, розрізняти
    10) бібл. пізнати

    to know how many beans make five — знати, що до чого; розумітися на чомусь

    to know chalk from cheese — розуміти, що до чого

    * * *
    I n II v
    (knew; known)
    1) знати, мати поняття або уявлення; бути в курсі справи
    2) знати, мати знання, розбиратися, бути досвідченим ( у якій-небудь галузі)
    3) уміти,
    4) усвідомлювати, розуміти
    5) зазнати, пережити
    7) упізнати, упізнавати; розпізнавати; відрізняти, вирізняти, розрізняти
    8) peл. пізнати ( жінку)

    English-Ukrainian dictionary > know

  • 117 མིག་མང་རྩེ་བ་

    [mig mang rtse ba]
    play chess

    Tibetan-English dictionary > མིག་མང་རྩེ་བ་

  • 118 уча

    learn
    уча за study to be
    учил е в София he went to school in Sofia
    така ли ви учат в училище? is that what they teach you at school?
    докога ще те уча? how many times do I have to tell you? I've told you time and again
    уча се learn, study
    уча ce ( добре) do well at school
    уча се на занаят при някого be apprenticed to s.o.
    уча се да чета и пр. learn how to read etc.
    уча се от собствените си грешки profit/learn by o.'s own mistakes
    уча се на лоши неща get into bad ways
    да не се уча т така they shouldn't get used to such things
    човек се учи, докато е жьв live and learn
    * * *
    у̀ча,
    гл., мин. св. деят. прич. у̀чил learn; study; ( обучавам) teach; докога ще те \уча? how many times do I have to tell you? I’ve told you time and again; \уча за study to be;
    \уча се learn, study; да не се учат така they shouldn’t get used to such things; \уча се (добре) do well at school; \уча се да чета (и пр.) learn how to read etc.; \уча се на занаят при някого be apprenticed to s.o.; \уча се на лоши неща get into bad ways; \уча се от собствените си грешки profit/learn by o.’s own mistakes; човек се учи, докато е жив live and learn.
    * * *
    learn: уча a foreign language - уча чужд език; study: уча in a university - уча в университет; memorize (наизуст); read ; (уча някого): teach: She учаes him how to play chess. - Тя го учи да играе шах.; instruct ; cram {krEm} (зубря)
    * * *
    1. (обучавам) leach 2. learn 3. УЧА ce (добре) do well at school 4. УЧА ce learn, study 5. УЧА за study to be 6. УЧА се на занаят при някого be apprenticed to s.o. 7. УЧА се на лоши неща get into bad ways 8. УЧА се от собствените си грешки profit/learn by o.'s own mistakes 9. да не се УЧА т така they shouldn't get used to such things 10. докога ще те уча? how many times do I have to tell you?I've told you time and again 11. така ли ви учат в училище? is that what they teach you at school? 12. уча се да чета и пр. learn how to read etc. 13. учил е в София he went to school in Sofia 14. човек се учи, докато е жьв live and learn,

    Български-английски речник > уча

  • 119 Können

    kön·nen
    1. kön·nen [ʼkœnən]
    vt <konnte, gekonnt> ( beherrschen)
    etw \Können to know sth;
    kannst du eigentlich Schach? can you/do you know how to play chess?;
    eine Sprache \Können to know [or speak] a language;
    [et]was/nichts \Können ( fam) to be good/useless;
    man merkt, du kannst was it's obvious you know your stuff;
    ( Fähigkeiten haben) to be able/not be able to do sth;
    [et]was/nichts für etw \Können ( verantwortlich sein) to be able/not be able to do anything about sth;
    etw nie/nicht tun \Können to never/not be able to do sth;
    ... was jd kann as best sb can;
    sie liefen, was sie nur konnten they ran as quickly as they could
    WENDUNGEN:
    du kannst mich [mal] (]) (sl) get lost! ( fam), [go and] take a running jump! ( Brit) ( fam), kiss my ass! (Am) (sl)
    vi <konnte, gekonnt to be able;
    ich würde ja gerne kommen, aber ich kann leider nicht I would love to come but I can't;
    nicht mehr \Können ( erschöpft sein) to not be able to go on;
    ( überfordert sein) to have had enough;
    ( satt sein) to not be able to eat any more, to have had enough, to be full [up];
    noch \Können (weitermachen \Können) to be able to carry on;
    (weiteressen \Können) to be able to eat more;
    wie konntest du nur! how could you?!;
    da \Können Sie nichts [da]für it's not your fault
    WENDUNGEN:
    [erst einmal] \Können vor Lachen I would if [or I wish] I could, [that's] easier said than done;
    mit jdm [gut] \Können to get on [well] with sb;
    mir kann keiner nobody can touch me vb aux <konnte, können modal
    1) ( vermögen)
    etw tun \Können to be able to do sth
    etw tun \Können to be able to do sth
    3) ( dürfen)
    jd kann etw tun sb can do sth;
    kann ich das Foto sehen? can/may I see the photo?
    jd kann etw tun sb could do sth;
    etw tun \Können to be able to do sth;
    solche Dinge können eben manchmal passieren these things [can] happen sometimes;
    sein \Können, dass to be possible that;
    [schon] sein \Können ( fam) to be possible;
    [ja,] kann sein [yes,] that's possible [or possibly];
    nicht sein \Können to not be possible;
    könnte es nicht sein, dass...? could it not be that...?
    2. Kön·nen -s> [ʼkœnən] nt
    kein pl ability, skill;
    spielerisches/schauspielerisches \Können sportsmanship/acting ability [or skill]

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch für Studenten > Können

  • 120 können

    kön·nen
    1. kön·nen [ʼkœnən]
    vt <konnte, gekonnt> ( beherrschen)
    etw \können to know sth;
    kannst du eigentlich Schach? can you/do you know how to play chess?;
    eine Sprache \können to know [or speak] a language;
    [et]was/nichts \können ( fam) to be good/useless;
    man merkt, du kannst was it's obvious you know your stuff;
    ( Fähigkeiten haben) to be able/not be able to do sth;
    [et]was/nichts für etw \können ( verantwortlich sein) to be able/not be able to do anything about sth;
    etw nie/nicht tun \können to never/not be able to do sth;
    ... was jd kann as best sb can;
    sie liefen, was sie nur konnten they ran as quickly as they could
    WENDUNGEN:
    du kannst mich [mal] (]) (sl) get lost! ( fam), [go and] take a running jump! ( Brit) ( fam), kiss my ass! (Am) (sl)
    vi <konnte, gekonnt to be able;
    ich würde ja gerne kommen, aber ich kann leider nicht I would love to come but I can't;
    nicht mehr \können ( erschöpft sein) to not be able to go on;
    ( überfordert sein) to have had enough;
    ( satt sein) to not be able to eat any more, to have had enough, to be full [up];
    noch \können (weitermachen \können) to be able to carry on;
    (weiteressen \können) to be able to eat more;
    wie konntest du nur! how could you?!;
    da \können Sie nichts [da]für it's not your fault
    WENDUNGEN:
    [erst einmal] \können vor Lachen I would if [or I wish] I could, [that's] easier said than done;
    mit jdm [gut] \können to get on [well] with sb;
    mir kann keiner nobody can touch me vb aux <konnte, können modal
    1) ( vermögen)
    etw tun \können to be able to do sth
    etw tun \können to be able to do sth
    3) ( dürfen)
    jd kann etw tun sb can do sth;
    kann ich das Foto sehen? can/may I see the photo?
    jd kann etw tun sb could do sth;
    etw tun \können to be able to do sth;
    solche Dinge können eben manchmal passieren these things [can] happen sometimes;
    sein \können, dass to be possible that;
    [schon] sein \können ( fam) to be possible;
    [ja,] kann sein [yes,] that's possible [or possibly];
    nicht sein \können to not be possible;
    könnte es nicht sein, dass...? could it not be that...?
    2. Kön·nen -s> [ʼkœnən] nt
    kein pl ability, skill;
    spielerisches/schauspielerisches \können sportsmanship/acting ability [or skill]

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch für Studenten > können

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